JPS58101627A - Cultivating apparatus by nutritious liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating vegetables and other plants using a nutrient solution.

Generally, a hydroponic cultivation device is installed in a cultivation house, supplies a nutrient solution to the cultivation tank, and cultivates crops such as vegetables in a cultivation pot combined with the cultivation tank. By the way, in the above-mentioned cultivation, there is no problem of curdling in seasons where the external environment, temperature, etc. are suitable for cultivation, such as March to June and September to November, but in winter or summer, the temperature It is either too low or too high that cultivation is almost impossible.

For this reason, measures are usually taken to heat the inside of the cultivation house in the winter and cool it in the summer.

The heating or cooling means is electricity.

It is common to use energy such as oil or gas, but this is not convenient in terms of resource conservation and equipment. As an alternative to solar energy, devices that use solar energy are attracting attention, and various types of solar energy are being developed.

FIG. 5 shows an example, in which a solar collector 1 is installed,
This is a means for guiding the heat medium into the cultivation house 2 and exchanging heat there with a heat exchanger 3 to heat the inside of the cultivation greenhouse 2. Note that 4 in the figure indicates a hydroponic cultivation device. however,
This system requires a solar heat collector 1 and a heat exchanger 3, and as shown in the figure, a pump for circulating the heat medium and a fan 6 for stirring the air inside the house must be installed. For items that need to be cooled, it is necessary to install a refrigeration cycle in addition to this.
This also requires high equipment costs.

FIG. 6 also shows another example, in which thermal energy in the living room is stored underground and radiated at night 1'f41.

This also requires a large number of ventilation vibros buried underground, a fan 7 to circulate the air at night, and a special soil layer structure that facilitates heat storage, which reduces equipment costs. The problem is that it gets expensive.

The present invention takes such problems into consideration, and the hydroponic cultivation device itself has a heat storage means, and radiates heat when necessary, such as at night, to perform effective cultivation. The purpose of this invention is to simplify the structure of the device.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention constitutes a cultivation tank in which a partition tank and a nutrient solution passage located outside the partition tank are integrally formed, and solar heat or external surplus heat is introduced into the partition tank. It is designed to store a liquid for heat storage or cooling, and controls the environment of crops grown in the nutrient solution passage by dissipating heat or cooling the liquid, and is also equipped with a special heating or cooling device. In many cases, crops can be grown successfully using simple equipment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 8 denotes a cultivation tank made of a material with excellent heat insulation properties such as styrofoam, and a relatively long compartment tank 9 is formed in the center by molding. They are formed on both sides and communicated at one end to form a U-shaped nutrient solution passage 10 as a whole.

The inner surface of the partition tank 9 is painted black 1 to facilitate heat absorption.
is applied, and inside there is a liquid 1 such as water that serves as a heat storage material.
2 is stored. Furthermore, a cover 13 made of transparent or semi-transparent thin film is provided on the top of the partition tank 9. This cover 13 has an arched cross section, and on both sides there are radial surfaces 1 facing the nutrient solution passage 10.10.
4.14. A nutrient solution 16 is provided in the nutrient solution passage 1o.
is distributed, and a cultivation pot 17 in which a crop 16 is held with gravel or the like is combined with this nutrient solution passage 10. A sterilizing agent is added to the liquid 12 which serves as a heat storage material and is stored in the partition tank 9. As this disinfectant, one that generates copper ions, silver ions, or hypochlorite ions independently or in combination is used.

The cultivation tank 8 is connected to a nutrient solution supply section shown in FIG.

That is, in FIG. 3, 18 is a nutrient solution tank, and the nutrient solution 19 is
is supplied to one end of the nutrient solution passage 10 in the cultivation tank 8 via the supply pipe 20, and the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution passage 10 is returned to the nutrient solution tank 18 from the terminal end of the nutrient solution passage 10 via the return pipe 21. It is now possible to Air is fed into the supply pipe 2o from an air pump 22 to push up the nutrient solution due to the air lift effect, and at the same time the nutrient solution is pushed up, oxygen in the air is dissolved in the nutrient solution.

FIG. 4 shows another example of the cultivation tank 8. In this tank, in order to increase the heat storage capacity, the lower part of the partition tank 9 is enlarged and extended by the lower part of the nutrient solution passage 1o.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus having the above structure, solar heat and other external heat are mainly stored in the liquid 12 in the partition tank 9. Since the partition tank 9 has a black coating 1 applied to its inner surface, heat is effectively absorbed and stored in the liquid 12 which is a heat storage material. In this case, the cover 13 is removed, but if the sunlight is strong or the outside temperature is high, it may be left on the partition tank 9. The water flows along the outer periphery of the partition tank 9, but since the cultivation tank 8 is covered with a heat insulating material such as styrofoam, it is difficult for the heat of the heat storage liquid 12 to escape to this nutrient solution. The circulation of the nutrient solution provides the nutrient solution to the roots of the crop 16 planted in the cultivation pot 17,
The crops 16 are grown.

Next, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is installed, and the cover 13 is placed over the partition tank 9 during the night when the temperature of the outside air is low. The heat stored in the heat storage liquid 12 is radiated through the cover 13 to the roots of the crops 16 located on both sides thereof. Therefore, even at night, the plant base of the crop 16 is maintained at an appropriate temperature, promoting its growth. Since the stored heat is released in order to promote the growth of crops 16, it is possible to grow crops in the winter.

In this case, the storage energy is not only solar heat, but also cultivation and
・Use surplus heat inside the cage.

The above explanation is about promoting the growth of crops by dissipating stored heat, but when the outside temperature is high, ice can be put into the partition tank 9 to cool it and control the environment. In this case, ice is not directly added to the nutrient solution, so
Since the concentration of the nutrient solution does not change and the roots of the crop 16 are not touched, there is no negative influence on the growth of the crop 16.

Since a bactericide is added to the liquid 12 in the partition tank 9, bacteria that inhibit the growth of the crops 16 are not generated in the liquid 12, which is advantageous for cultivating the crops 16.

Next, an experimental example using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus having the above configuration will be explained.

The surface area of the compartment tank 9 was set to 1 m'i, the inner surface of the compartment tank 9 was painted black, and water 1004 in which a trace amount of copper ion for sterilization was dissolved was placed in the compartment tank 9 as a heat storage material. Combine the cultivation pot 17 with the nutrient solution passage 1o, and set the plant height to 40cI with a spacing of 60cm.
rL tomatoes were planted and the amount of heat collected was measured. The amount of heat collected by this device per day during sunshine is 700 Kca7, and the heat radiation from the cover 13 to the vicinity of the tomato plant is gradually carried out over 4 hours at night, making it an effective device for crop production. Ta. The heat dissipation time can also be adjusted by adding a heat insulating material to the cover 13 and removing it at the required time.

As explained above, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention has a cultivation tank integrated with a partition tank, stores solar heat and other excess external heat in the partition tank, and radiates this heat when necessary, or releases cooling water. It is used to control the growing environment and grow crops, and does not require any special heating or cooling equipment.

No equipment is required, the device is simple, and it has a great commercial effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cultivation tank in a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a state in which the nutrient solution supply device is combined, and Fig. 4 6 is a sectional view of a cultivation tank according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6 and 6 are schematic configuration diagrams of a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus. 8...Cultivation tank, 9...Separate tank, 1Q.
...Nutritional fluid passage, 12...Liquid, 13...
····cover.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A cultivation tank is formed by integrally forming a partition tank and a nutrient solution passage located outside the partition tank, and a heat storage tube or a cooling liquid is retained in the partition tank. A hydroponic cultivation device that uses water. (2) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the partition tank has an inner surface coated with black paint. (3) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation tank is a molded body of a heat insulating material. (4) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the partition tank is covered with a transparent or translucent cover. (5) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a sterilizing agent is added to the liquid in the partition tank.