JPS58101287A - Scroll type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit superior facility control by forming fluid passing through holes in the part closer to the center part from an ordinary fluid taking-in port and controlling opening and closing of the fluid passing through holes by an electromagnet apparatus and an annular attracting plate pressed to the direction of a side plate by an elastic bodies. CONSTITUTION:At least a pair of fluid passing through holes 255 and 256 are formed at the position closer to a center along a swirl 252 from a fluid taking- in port on the side plate 251 of a scroll member 251. An electromagnet apparatus consisting of an annular attracting plate 40 which is slidable in the axial direction and is always pressed to the direction of a side plate 251 by an elastic body, a coil 42, and a core 41 is used as a mechanism for controlling opening and closing of the fluid passing through holes 255 and 256. Therefore, the stroke of shift of the attracting plate 40 for controlling opening and closing of the fluid passing through holes 255 and 256 can be increase, and the fluid loss can be reduced when the fluid passing through holes 255 and 256 are opened, and superior facility control is enabled. With a simple constitution consisting of the electromagnet apparatus and the annular attracting plate 40, opening and closing control with superior sealing performance is enabled.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a compressor for air conditioning and heating equipment, and in particular, a pair of spiral bodies are engaged with each other at different angles, and one spiral body is given relative circular motion (only orbital motion). This invention relates to a refrigerant compressor called a scroll type, in which a closed space formed between both spiral bodies is moved toward the center while reducing its volume, and compressed gas is discharged from the center.

In the case of general indoor air conditioning, once the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature, only a small amount of refrigeration capacity is needed to compensate for the subsequent rise in indoor temperature. However, since air conditioners are normally turned on and off according to the indoor temperature and the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor, the more sensitive the air conditioner is, the more it repeats turning on and off after the room has been cooled to the set temperature. ,
A large load is intermittently applied to the drive source. In addition to the above-mentioned temperature problems, especially in the case of automobile cooling systems, the refrigerant compressor is driven by the automobile engine whose rotational speed changes from moment to moment. In order to avoid this, the electromagnetic clutch that disconnects and engages power transmission between the engine and compressor must be turned on and off frequently, and the load on the engine changes each time, so there are limits to its application to small cars. be.

Therefore, there is a need for a compressor that can reduce the compression ratio as necessary to reduce the load on the drive source without causing a large waste of energy consumption.

In a scroll compressor, it is possible to vary the compression ratio by reducing the initial volume of the sealed space formed between both spiral bodies. As a configuration that reduces the initial volume of the enclosed space, a well formed between the outer end of the spiral body and the opposite outer wall of the spiral body, as well as the usual fluid intake port, is also located at the center along the spiral wall. A structure in which a fluid passage is provided at a position close to the body and the opening and closing of the fluid passage is controlled is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 53
-66646.

The opening/closing control member for a fluid passage disclosed in the above application includes a plate-shaped valve member having spring properties and made of a ferromagnetic material, which is disposed so as to face one end opening of the fluid passage, and is scrolled with a screw or the like. The valve member was fixed on the member and the valve member was attracted by an electromagnetic device. However, in terms of magnetic attraction, this configuration has the drawback that leakage magnetic flux is extremely large, resulting in poor efficiency. Further, the configuration in which the valve member is fixed with screws or the like has a drawback that the ease of assembly is poor. Furthermore, when a plurality of pairs of fluid holes are provided in order to increase the volume reduction rate, this is sufficient as a mechanism for simultaneously controlling the opening and closing of the plurality of fluid holes while maintaining good sealing performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide a scroll compressor that can reduce the compression ratio as necessary to reduce the load on the drive source without causing a large waste of energy consumption.

A further object of the present invention is to achieve the above object by reducing the initial volume of the sealed space formed between both spiral wound bodies.

A further object of the present invention is to achieve each of the above objects by providing a fluid passage hole that is controlled to open and close in a portion closer to the center than the usual fluid intake hole formed at the outer peripheral end. be.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a control device that can effectively control the opening and closing of the above-mentioned fluid passages.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the illustrated compressor 1 has a compressor housing 10 consisting of a front end plate 11 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and a cup-shaped portion 12 installed on the front end plate 11. .

The front end plate 11 has a through hole 111 formed in its center for passing the main shaft 16 therethrough, and an annular protrusion 112 concentric with the through hole 111 is formed on its back surface. On the other hand, the cup-shaped portion 12 is formed by drawing a steel plate or by aluminum die-casting. The cup-shaped portion 12 is fixed by fitting its opening onto the annular projection 112 of the front end plate. In addition, 0-
A ring 14 is clamped to the joint to provide a seal.

A disk rotor 15 is fixed to the inner end of the main shaft 13, and this disk rotor 15 is rotatably supported within the through hole 111 by a ball bearing 16.

The front end plate 11 also has a sleeve 17 extending forward so as to surround the main shaft 13. Sleeve 17 is a front end play!・Although it may be molded integrally with 11, here it is formed of steel separately from the front end plate, and the screw 18
It is attached to the front of the front end plate 11. A ball bearing 19 is located at the front end inside the sleeve 17.
is installed and rotatably supports the main shaft 13. Shaft seal assembly 20 is assembled on main shaft 16 within sleeve 17 .

On the outer surface of the sleeve 17, by means of a bearing 21,
A pulley 22 is rotatably supported, and an electromagnet 26 is fixed. On the other hand, the sleeve 1 of the main shaft 13
An armature plate 24 is elastically supported on the end projecting from 7.

That is, the pulley 22, the electromagnet 26, and the armature plate 24 constitute an electromagnetic clutch.
The rotation of an external drive source (for example, an automobile engine) is transmitted to the pulley 22 via the belt, and the armature plate 24 is moved to the pulley 22 by energizing the electromagnet 26.
The force is transmitted to the main shaft 16 by adsorption to the main shaft 16.

In the cup-shaped portion 12 whose opening is closed by the front end plate 11, a fixed scroll member 25,
Movable scroll member 26, movable scroll drive mechanism 27
and a movable scroll rotation prevention mechanism-28.

The fixed scroll member 25 generally consists of a side plate 251 and a winding body 252 fixed to one side of the side plate 251. A cylindrical partition wall 256 is formed on the back side of the side plate 251 to protrude in the axial direction. , whose wall is fixed to the cup-shaped portion 12 by suitable attachment means, not shown.

Further, a groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the side plate 251, and a seal ring 31 is disposed in this groove to seal between the outer peripheral surface of the side plate 251 and the inner surface of the cup-shaped portion 12.

Therefore, the inside of the cup-shaped portion is separated by the side plate 251 of the fixed scroll member 25 into a rear chamber 62 where the partition wall 253 exists and a front chamber 66 where the spiral body 252 is arranged. Suction chamber 36 by 253
and a discharge chamber 32.

A movable scroll member 26 is disposed within the chamber 66 . ``The movable scroll member 26 consists of a side plate 261 and a spiral body 262 fixed to one side of the side plate 261.
is engaged with the spiral wound body 252 with an angular deviation of 180°, forming a sealed space between both the spiral wound bodies. The movable scroll member 26 is rotatably installed on a drive wheel 271 eccentrically coupled to the inner end surface of the disc rotor 15 via a radial bearing 272.

On the other hand, a fixed ring 281 fixedly coupled to the front end plate 11, a movable ring 282 fixed to the side plate 261 of the movable scroll 26 so as to face the fixed ring 281,
A rotation preventing/stopping mechanism 28 is constituted by balls 285 arranged in ball receivers 286 and 284 formed on both rings.

The compressor housing 10 has a cup-shaped portion 12 provided with a suction port 34 and a discharge port 35 for connection to an external fluid circuit. The fluid introduced from the suction port 64 into the suction chamber 36 in the housing is further guided to the chamber 66 through a through hole (not shown), and is then introduced into the chamber 66 through a through hole (not shown).
．． The movable scroll 26
It moves to the center while being compressed by the circular orbital motion of the fixed scroll member 25, flows out from the discharge hole 254 provided in the center of the side plate 251 of the fixed scroll member 25 via the discharge valve 67 to the discharge chamber '521, and from there the discharge port 65 into the fluid circuit.

By the way, fluid is normally introduced into the closed space between the two scroll members 25, 26 by one of the spiral bodies 252 or 26.
This is done through a total of two fluid inlets formed between the outer end of the second spiral body and the outer surface of the other spiral body.

That is, the fluid region intake port is opened and closed according to the circular orbital movement of the movable scroll member 260, and at this time, fluid is introduced into the closed space between the scroll members 25 and 26. Here, the position of the outer end of the spiral bodies 252, 262 is the final expansion/opening angle φend.
Therefore, the position of the fluid intake port is also substantially determined by the final expansion/opening angle (i5end).

Furthermore, with reference to FIG. 2, the fixed scroll member 25 is such that the final extension angle Qend of the spiral body 252 exceeds 4π.
and 256. One fluid hole 255 is
It is provided so as to correspond to a position outside the expansion/opening angle formed by the spiral body 252 and to open inside the spiral body 252 .

The other fluid passage hole 256 is provided so as to correspond to the position of the expansion/opening angle (g, -π) formed by the spiral body 252 and open to the outside of the spiral body 252 . Therefore, the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 all correspond to positions closer to the center in the spiral direction than the fluid intake ports (three locations). Here, the angular position where the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 are provided is (zlend > g, > g3
end-2rr-11).

Now, the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 are formed by applying a drill to the side plate 251 of the fixed scroll member 25 from the side opposite to the spiral body 252.

At this time, one fluid passage hole 255 is formed at a position slightly recessed into the inner surface of the spiral body 252, and the other fluid passage hole 256 is formed at a position slightly recessed into the outer surface of the spiral body 252. do. These fluid passage holes 255 and 256 are also arranged so that the spiral body 262 of the movable scroll member 26 is fixed, the fixed scroll, and the spiral member 25, as can be seen in FIG.
Even when the portion of the spiral wound body 252 provided with the fluid passage hole 255 (or 256) comes into contact with the portion provided with the fluid passage hole 255 (or 256), there is no possibility that communication will occur beyond the tip seal 68 portion to the space 69 on the opposite side of the spiral wound body 262. Designed not to.

Since the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 are formed by cutting into the spiral body 252, the cross-sectional area can be made sufficiently large while satisfying such design conditions. Note that fluid passage hole 2
A plurality of holes 55 and 256 may be formed adjacent to each other by diving in the spiral direction, or the plurality of holes may be integrated to form a long hole, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area.

In addition, the spiral body 2 of the side plate 251 of the fixed scroll member 25
On the surface opposite to 52, an annular suction plate 40 is disposed so as to face the openings of the fluid passage holes 255 and 256. A seven rank portion 40 extending in the axial direction is provided on the inner diameter side of the suction plate 40.
1 is formed, and the seventh rank portion 401 is connected to the partition wall 253.
The suction plate 40 is disposed on the outer surface of the partition wall 256 so that the suction plate 40 can slide along the partition wall 256. Here, the durability of the partition wall 253 can be improved by molding engineered plastic resin 44 or the like on the portion of the partition wall 256 on which the flange portion 401 slides, as shown in FIG. Suction plate 4
By arranging the valve body 45 having elasticity such as hard rubber in the portion facing the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 of 0, the sealing performance can be improved. An excitation coil 42 is disposed within the cross-sectional space of the suction plate 40. A core 41 containing a core 41 is disposed, and the core 41 is stationary and fixed by fixing one end to a support member 46 held between the step of the partition wall 256 and the snap ring 46. Note that the suction plate 40 is constantly pressed toward the side plate 251 of the fixed scroll member 250 by the repulsive force of the coiled compression spring 46 disposed between the end of the flange portion 401 and the support member 45. Therefore, the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 are closed by the suction plate 40 in a normal state. Note that if the biasing force of the spring is made slightly weaker than the attractive force of the electromagnet, the suction plate can be easily moved.

In the present invention configured as described above, the coil 42
When the movable scroll member 26 is driven in a predetermined manner in a state in which power is cut off, that is, in a state in which the openings of the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 are closed by the suction plate 40, the space between the spiral bodies described above is formed. Fluid is taken into the space formed between both spiral bodies from the fluid intake port, and as the movable scroll member 26 moves, the volume of the space is reduced and the fluid is moved toward the center. 254 to the discharge chamber 62
Send to 1. At this time, since the volume of the sealed space formed between both spiral-wound bodies 252 and 262 is large, the compression ratio is large and it functions as a high-capacity compressor.

On the other hand, when the excitation current is applied to the coil 42, the attraction plate 4
0 resists the urging force of the coiled spring 46 and the core 41
Due to the suction to the side, the fluid passage holes 255, 256 are opened. When the movable scroll member 26 is driven in this state, the fluid is formed at the outermost part between the spiral bodies 252 and 262 from the fluid intake port as shown in FIGS. 4(a) to 4(C). The fluid passage holes 255
．． 256 is open, a part of the fluid in the two spaces a and b flows out into the suction chamber 66 through the fluid holes 255 and 256 due to movement accompanied by a decrease in the volume of the spaces a and b. It ends up. Therefore, the fluid in the spaces a, b passes through the fluid passage holes 255 and 256 into the suction chamber 36.
It will not be compressed if it is in communication with. space a
, b sequentially move toward the center, and the fluid holes 255, 25
After being cut off from 6, the fluid is compressed.

(In Fig. 4, the space where the fluid is compressed is indicated by diagonal lines.) At this time, the initial volume of the sealed space formed between both spiral bodies 252 and 262 is smaller than in the normal state. Because of this, the compression ratio is small and it works as a small capacity compressor. In this way, in the scroll type compressor of the present invention, the capacity can be changed as required.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the case where one pair of fluid holes is provided has been described, but the same applies when a plurality of pairs of fluid holes are provided and a large volume reduction ratio is provided.

In addition to the above, in the present invention, at least one pair of fluid holes are provided on the side plate of the scroll member at a position close to the center along the spiral, and at least one pair of fluid holes are provided on the side plate of the scroll member. The mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the fluid passage uses an annular suction plate that can slide in the axial direction and is constantly pressed toward the side plate by an elastic body and an electromagnetic device, so the opening and closing of the fluid passage can be controlled. The movement stroke of the suction plate can be large, and the fluid resistance loss when opening the fluid hole can be reduced.

・For this reason, capacity control can be performed well.

In addition, with a simple structure consisting of an electromagnet device consisting of a coil and a core, and an annular suction plate, opening/closing control with good sealing performance can be performed. This means that it can be controlled.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a scroll-type compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a fixed scroll member,
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of only the part where the fluid passage hole is provided, and Figure 4 (
Fig. 4(b) and Fig. 4(C) show the state in which the movable scroll member has been driven as shown in Fig. 4(a). FIG. 25...Fixed scroll member 251...Side plate 2
52... Spiral body 255... Partition wall 255.25
6... Fluid hole 40... Suction plate 42... Coil 44... Coiled compression spring 45... Valve body Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 To the socket

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) The first scroll member has a spiral body arranged on one side of the plate, and the second scroll member has a spiral body arranged on one side of the plate. 4- The first scroll member is rotated on a circular orbit with the spiral winding bodies at different angles, and the side walls of both spiral winding bodies are in contact with each other so that they are overlapped, and a plurality of scrolls are formed between both spiral winding bodies. Fluid is taken in while forming a closed space, and as the first scroll member moves, the closed space is moved toward the center of the spiral body with a decrease in volume, thereby creating a unidirectional fluid compression effect. In a scroll compressor configured to perform the following, the final expansion/opening angle f! of the impoliate curve that defines the shape of both spiral bodies on the plate of one scroll member. At least one pair of fluid holes are bored at a position closer to the center of the spiral along the direction of the spiral than the usual fluid intake port, which is substantially determined by the third end, and one end of the fluid hole An annular suction plate made of a magnetic material is disposed on the opening side to simultaneously open and close the opening, and the suction plate is always urged toward the opening by an elastic body. A scroll compressor characterized by being equipped with an electromagnetic device. (2) The scroll type compressor according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body comprises a coiled spring. (3) The scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein the coiled spring has a biasing force that is slightly weaker than the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet device. (4) On the end surface of the annular suction plate facing the fluid passage hole,
2. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, further comprising a valve body for ensuring sealing when opening and sealing the fluid passage. (5) The scroll compressor according to claim 4, wherein the valve body is made of an elastic material. (6) A cylindrical partition is disposed on the side of the side plate of the second scroll member opposite to the side on which the spiral body is disposed, and the space formed between the side plate and the casing is divided into two. 2. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the annular suction plate and the electromagnet device are disposed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical partition. (7) A flange portion extending in the axial direction is formed on the inner diameter portion of the annular suction plate, and the flange portion is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical partition wall. Scroll type compressor as described in section. (8) The scroll type compressor according to claim 7, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical partition wall is molded with engineered plastic.