JPH1194550A - Method and system for earth work management, and light reflecting device for optical wave range-finding - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow accurate and efficient earth work wherein setting of such index as finishing stake, pile, etc., is not required or required by minimum amount at a site for earth work. SOLUTION: A light reflecting device 2 is mounted on a bucket 4a of a backhoe, and a modulated optical wave is emitted from an optical wave range- finding device 1 to the light reflecting device 2, then the reflected light is detected for measuring a distance from the reflection position and azimuth. Based on the data, a current ground height at a position where a bucket exists is calculated with a calculation device 3b of a computer 3 carried by an operator of the backhoe. Meanwhile, a data regarding a ground height plan which is designed is stored in a storage device 3a, a current ground height is compared to a ground height plan by a calculation device, and the relationship is displayed on a display device 3d. The operator operates the backhoe for earth work according to the display.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth work management system or an earth work management method for directly managing an earth work at a work site using a computer. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earthwork management system or an earthwork management method for displaying the relationship between a ground height and a planned height to an operator of an earthworking machine in real time to improve the efficiency and speed of the earthwork.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a construction work at a construction site or the like, it is necessary to instruct an operator of an earth-moving machine with an excavation position and an excavation amount of a ground in order to perform a pre-planned creation. Conventionally, there has been a general method of performing surveying at a construction site and instructing an operator of an earthmoving machine by directly displaying a planned ground height with an index such as a stake, a dragonfly, or a pile. In other words, stakes, piles, etc. are installed at intervals along the planned ground surface designed as shown in FIG. 16, and using this as an index, the operator of the earth-moving machine assumes the planned surface, excavates and excavates the ground. This is a method for performing operations such as moving the robot.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional method has the following problems. In the above method, a careful surveying work is performed before starting the work,
Pillars must be installed, which hinders personnel and time in performing on-site work efficiently. Also, even if an index such as a stake or a pile is installed on the ground, the index cannot be maintained or moved because the ground surface changes with the progress of earthwork. Also, it may not be possible to install all tenings in advance. For this reason, the setting of the above-mentioned index needs to be repeated several times as the earthwork progresses, and much labor is expended. Further, it is necessary to prepare a large number of cross-sectional views in order to install the above-mentioned tents and the like, and a lot of work is required even in the preparation stage. In addition, since the planned ground height of the intermediate portion between the indices is not displayed, the construction between the indices is performed according to the register of the operator, and there is a great difference in finish between a skilled operator and a non-skilled operator. In particular, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform accurate construction when constructing a complicated curved surface or the like.

Further, in recent construction work, not only a simple construction form by combining a flat land and a slope, but also a natural landscape form (curved surface) in harmony with the surrounding nature while leaving scattered existing trees, or There has been a growing demand for a beautiful and finely structured form that takes safety and functionality into consideration. For this reason, following the conventional method, the construction period is prolonged, the cost rises, and the quality of the construction work is likely to deteriorate due to a shortage of skilled operators.

[0005] The progress of communication (GPS), measurement, and computer technology at present is remarkable.
The Ministry of Construction and local governments are promoting efficiency and organization (construction CALS) by sharing data in all operations, and at the construction site, a series of surveying, design, and construction work by sharing CAD data and reducing required drawings Efficiency,
Labor saving and precision improvement had to be actively introduced.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to eliminate or minimize the installation of an index such as a stake or a pile at a site where earthwork is performed. An object of the present invention is to provide an earthwork management system or an earthwork management method that allows an operator of an earthwork machine to display the relationship between the current ground height and the planned ground height in real time, and the operator can proceed with the earthwork in accordance with the display.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a light reflecting device for lightwave distance measurement which can be suitably used in the earthwork management system or the earthwork management method.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to an excavating member or a transferring member of an earth-moving machine used for excavating the ground or moving earth and sand, and is provided with an incident light. A light reflecting device that reflects light and emits reflected light in a direction opposite to the incident light in a reverse direction, emits light to the light reflecting device, detects the reflected light, and detects a distance to a reflection position and A light wave distance measuring device for measuring the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the reflection position from the reference point, and a storage device for storing the planned height of the site where the earthwork is performed as electronic data,
An arithmetic unit that calculates the height of the ground at the time of measurement based on the value measured by the lightwave distance measuring device, and compares it with data on the planned height stored in the storage device; A data communication device for immediately inputting the measured value to the arithmetic device, and the relationship between the planned height obtained by the arithmetic device and the ground height at the time of measurement is displayed to an operator operating the earthwork machine. An earthwork management system having a display device is provided.

[0008] The invention described in claim 2 is the first invention.
In the earthwork management system according to the above, the data communication device, a wireless transmission unit that transmits a signal corresponding to the value measured by the lightwave distance measuring device, and receives a signal transmitted from the transmission unit, Wireless receiving means working on the arithmetic means.

[0009] The earthmoving machine can be applied to various things used for excavating the ground and moving soil, such as a power shovel, a backhoe, and a bulldozer. The excavation member or the transfer member is a member that directly acts on the ground or the earth and sand, and is a bucket in a power shovel, a backhoe, or the like, and corresponds to a pushing plate in a bulldozer. In addition to the case where the light reflecting device is directly attached to the excavating member or the transfer member, the light reflecting device may be attached to a joint with an arm supporting these members. As the light reflecting device, a device using a prism or a combination of mirror surfaces can be used as long as it reflects light incident from an arbitrary direction and emits reflected light in parallel with the incident light. The lightwave distance measuring device emits a lightwave (modulated lightwave) whose intensity fluctuates at a predetermined frequency, detects the reflected light, and measures the distance from the phase shift to the reflection position. However, the measurement principle is not limited to this, and any measurement principle may be used as long as the distance can be measured using light. Also,
It is known that the measurement of the horizontal angle and the vertical angle can be performed by various principles, but the measurement principle is not limited.

The storage device, the arithmetic device, and the display device may be independent devices, and may be installed at different locations such that only the display device is carried by the operator. However, they are integrated like a personal computer. It can be used by making appropriate settings to generalized ones. The data communication device may transmit a signal using a cable, but preferably transmits and receives electronic data by wireless communication means.

The earth work management system configured as described above operates as follows. The light reflection device is attached to a digging member or a transfer member that comes into contact with the ground of an earth moving machine used for excavation of the ground or movement of earth and sand, and reflects a light wave emitted from the light wave distance measuring device, in a direction of the incident light. Emit reflected light. The lightwave distance measuring device detects the reflected light from the light reflecting device and measures the distance to the reflection position and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the reflection position from the reference point. This measured value is input to the arithmetic unit by the data communication device. If the installation position of the lightwave distance measuring device is specified, the calculation device can specify the lightwave reflection position, that is, the position where the excavation member or the transfer member of the earthmoving machine is located. In addition, if the height of the position where the light reflecting device is located when the excavating member or the transfer member is placed on the local board is known in advance, the height of the local board at that position can be specified.

The storage device is a device capable of storing, as electronic data, the planned height of the site where the earthwork is performed, and the arithmetic unit stores the planned height of the specified position of the light reflecting device. Calculate from the data that has been set. Then, the planned height is compared with the current ground height specified from the measured value. That is, it calculates how much the current ground height is higher or lower than the planned height, and displays this on the display device. The display may be performed by numerical values or may be displayed by figures. Also, it may be displayed by voice. By displaying the relationship between the planned height and the current ground height in this way, the operator of the earthmoving machine can know the amount of excavation or embankment necessary after the measurement, and perform work based on this. Can be. Further, by making the data communication device capable of transmitting and receiving wirelessly, it is possible to arrange an arithmetic unit or the like in the driver's seat of the earthmoving machine and allow the operator to operate the earthmoving machine while performing necessary operations. .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, an incident light is reflected on an excavating member or a transfer member of an earthmoving machine used for excavating the ground or moving earth and sand, and reflected light is reflected in the opposite direction in parallel with the incident light. A light reflecting device to be emitted is attached, and light is emitted to the light reflecting device, and the reflected light is detected to measure a distance to a reflection position and a horizontal angle and a vertical angle of the reflection position from a reference point. , Based on this measurement,
Calculate the ground height at the time of measurement of a certain position of the excavating member or the transfer member, and compare the ground height with the planned height of the site where the earthwork is performed, which is stored in the storage device in advance. Is displayed on the earth-moving machine to an operator who operates the earth-moving machine, and the operator performs excavation of the ground or movement of earth and sand in accordance with the display to provide an earthwork management method.

[0014] In such an earthwork management method, the operator operating the earthworking machine is displayed at any position with the relationship between the current ground height and the planned height, if necessary. Alternatively, it is possible to easily grasp whether or not the embankment is necessary, and it is possible to perform the work while observing the required amount of earthwork and the situation of the local board. Therefore, accurate and efficient work can be performed without an index such as a stake or a pile.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reflector base formed such that a part or all of the surface is a curved surface;
An attachment member for fixing the reflector base to an excavation member or a transfer member of an earth moving machine used for excavation of the ground or movement of earth and sand, and three light reflection surfaces are joined at right angles to each other on the curved surface, An object of the present invention is to provide a light reflecting device for lightwave distance measurement in which a plurality of minute reflection combination surfaces formed by combining these light reflection surfaces in a concave shape are provided.

The material forming the reflector base is metal.
Various materials such as synthetic resin, wood, stone, etc. can be used as long as they have a fixed shape. On the other hand, the attachment member can be, for example, a magnet or a bolt fixed to the reflector base. Further, the attachment member may be a plate-shaped member, and this may be attached to the excavation member or the transfer member with an adhesive. Furthermore, a steel plate-like member or a rod-like member fixed to the reflector base may be attached to a drilling member or the like by welding.

In such a light-wave distance measuring light reflecting device, the reflected light can be emitted in a direction parallel to the incident light as shown in FIG. 15 by the three light reflecting surfaces combined so as to be orthogonal to each other. Has become. Since the light reflecting device is displaced at various angles, reflected light cannot be obtained at an angle at which light does not enter the three concave light reflecting surfaces. Since a plurality of surfaces are provided on a curved surface and are oriented at a wide angle, it is possible to obtain reflected light parallel to the incident light even if the position and angle of the light reflecting device greatly change. In addition, since a mounting member for fixing to the excavating member or the transfer member of the earth moving machine is provided, the reflector base having the reflection combination surface can be easily attached, and the excavating member or the transferring member of the earth moving machine can be mounted. The position can be measured.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnet having a flat magnetic attraction surface, and three light reflecting surfaces are formed on a curved surface formed on a part of the magnet or a member fixed to the magnet. An object of the present invention is to provide a light reflecting device for light wave distance measurement, which is provided with a plurality of minute reflection combination surfaces which are joined at right angles to each other and are combined such that these light reflection surfaces are concavely opposed.

In such a light reflecting device for measuring the distance between light waves, as in the device according to the fourth aspect, even if the position and angle of the light reflecting device greatly change, reflected light parallel to the incident light can be obtained. Can be. Further, since the magnet having the flat magnetic attraction surface is provided, the magnet can be easily attached to the earth-moving machine by its magnetic force, and can be fixed firmly so as not to fall off during operation of the earth-moving machine.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the magnet has a cylindrical shape, and the minute reflection combination surface is formed by a synthetic resin sheet member. It is constituted by attaching a member on the peripheral surface of the magnet. The above-mentioned sheet-shaped member is provided with a large number of minute concave portions on the surface, and each of the concave portions is a reflection combination surface having three planes joined at right angles, and this is attached to the peripheral surface of the columnar magnet. It was done. Further, the sheet-like member may have a reflection combination surface formed on the back surface side, or the sheet-like member may have a two-layer structure in which two materials having different refractive indices are overlapped with each other, and the reflection combination surface may be formed on a boundary surface between these two members. Can be used. In such a lightwave distance measuring device, even if light is incident from any horizontal direction, reflected light can be emitted in that direction. In addition, since it is formed by sticking a synthetic resin sheet on which a reflection combination surface is formed to a magnet, it can be manufactured inexpensively and easily, and the magnetic force of the magnet is applied to an excavation member or a transfer member of an earth moving machine. Can be easily attached.

Further, as in the light reflecting device for lightwave distance measurement according to claim 7, the magnet or a member fixed to the magnet has a spherical surface or a curved surface approximating the spherical surface, and the magnet is combined with the spherical surface. In the case where a resin sheet is attached, a reflected light can be emitted in parallel even if a light wave is incident from any of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction with a simple structure.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the earth work management system according to the first aspect. Also,
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the system shown in FIG. The earthwork management system 10 is mainly composed of a lightwave distance measuring device 1, a light reflecting device 2, and a small computer 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the small computer 3 includes a storage device 3a, an arithmetic device 3b, an input device 3c, and a display device 3d.
For example, it is installed in the operation room of the backhoe 4 or is carried and used by the operator 6. The light reflecting device 2 is located at a position where the light reflecting device 2 does not come into contact with earth and sand or the like of the bucket 4a or the like (digging member or transfer member) of the backhoe 4,
That is, it is used by being attracted to the vicinity of the joint with the arm 4b by magnetic force.

Hereinafter, the above configuration will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1, the light wave distance measuring device 1 is installed at a position slightly away from the construction site and overlooking the entire work site, and from there to the light reflecting device 2 attached to the bucket 4a. Emits a lightwave modulated towards
The reflected light from the light reflection device 2 is detected, and the distance to the reflection position and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle from the reference point are measured. The lightwave distance measuring device 1 measures a distance to a reflection position by emitting light whose amplitude is modulated in a sine wave shape and detecting a phase difference from a reflected wave from the light reflection device. Other principles may be used as long as the distance and direction can be accurately measured using light.

The lightwave distance measuring device 1 performs measurement by an operator 7 collimating the light reflecting device 2 and inputting a signal for starting a measuring operation in this state. May automatically track the light reflection device 2 that is to be used. If it has such an automatic tracking function, an operator is not required beside the lightwave distance measuring device, and at this time, a method of automatically measuring the distance and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle at fixed time intervals, Alternatively, it is possible to adopt a method in which a signal or the like from the operator 6 of the earth moving machine is received and the measurement operation is set to start.

The light reflecting device 2 is a device that emits reflected light from the lightwave distance measuring device 1 in a direction parallel to the direction of the incident light and in a direction opposite to the direction of the incident light. As shown in FIG. The backhoe 4 includes a magnet 2a having an attraction surface 2b.
Is used by being adsorbed to the bucket 4a or the like. For this reason,
It can also be used for earth-moving machines other than backhoes, and it should be on a member that excavates or transfers soil of the earth-moving machine or near a joint with a member to be joined to the earth-moving machine so that the operator can recognize the mounting position. There is no particular limitation on the mounting location.
However, it must be a position where the earth and sand do not come into contact due to excavation, soil transfer, etc., and it must be a position where it can be maintained at a certain height from the local plate when performing measurements. It is desirable that the bulldozer be mounted on the top end of the earthing plate or the top end of the earth removal plate if it is a bulldozer. In addition, such a position is also a position where it is possible to reduce the risk of the light reflecting device falling off due to an impact due to an excavation operation or a soil transfer operation.

As shown in FIG. 3, the light reflecting device 2
A sphere 2c is fixed to a magnet 2a having a flat magnetic attraction surface 2b with bolts 2d, and the surface of the sphere becomes a light reflecting surface, but this curved surface is not a smooth spherical curved surface, as shown in FIG. It is configured by providing a plurality of minute reflection combination surfaces (corner cubes) in which three reflection surfaces are combined so as to cross each other at right angles. As shown in FIG. 4, the reflection combination surface is formed by cutting out the corners of the rectangular parallelepiped 11 and facing each other in a concave shape as viewed from the inside. Such a corner cube 11a is shown in FIG. As shown, it is well known that, even if light is incident from any direction, reflected light is emitted in that direction. Such a minute reflection combination surface can be formed by arranging a large number on the surface of a synthetic resin sheet as shown in FIG. It is formed by attaching a resin sheet.

Since the light reflecting device 2 has a light reflecting surface formed on the surface of a sphere, as shown in FIG. There is an advantage that the widths 41 and 42 are wide, and even if the height difference between the light reflecting device 2 and the lightwave distance measuring device 1 is large, or if the axis is inclined when mounted on the upper part of the bucket 4a, the width is wide. Light waves can be reflected from the area.

As described above, when a sphere is used for the light reflecting device 2, the light wave is reflected on the surface of the sphere 2c. However, if the light wave distance measuring device 1 sets the prism constant to a predetermined value. The center of the sphere 2c is the measurement point, and accurate measurement is possible by collimating the center of the sphere 2c with the telescope of the lightwave distance measuring device 1. In addition, this light reflection device 2
This is an embodiment of the invention described in claim 4, claim 5, or claim 7.

Further, the form of the light reflecting device is not limited to the above-mentioned one, and it can be formed into various shapes. However, when the light reflecting device is attached to a digging member or a transfer member of an earth moving machine, the light wave distance measuring device is used. It is desirable to adopt a form in which the light wave is accurately reflected regardless of the positional relationship with the magnet 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, a hemispherical body 21b is adhered to a cylindrical magnet 21a. As shown in FIG. 8, a magnet using a magnet 22 in which a part of a sphere is cut off in a plane may be employed. In the light reflecting device 21 shown in FIG. 7, the above-mentioned synthetic resin sheet having a small reflective combination surface is attached to the side surface of the columnar magnet and the surface of the hemisphere. In the light reflecting device shown in FIG. 8, the synthetic resin sheet is adhered to the spherical surface of the magnet 22. Such a device can be manufactured inexpensively, and damage can be minimized even if the device is dropped and lost while being used by being sucked into an earth moving machine.

A light reflecting device 23 shown in FIG. 9 is an embodiment of the invention according to claim 6, wherein a light reflecting surface is formed by sticking a synthetic resin sheet on a peripheral side surface of a cylindrical magnet. And can be manufactured at lower cost. In this light reflecting device 23, a level 23b is provided on the top end surface opposite to the magnetic attraction surface 23a, and a collimation line 23c is provided at the center in the height direction of the columnar magnet so as to surround the side surface. Can be. In the light reflecting device 23, if the angle formed between the direction of the incident light wave and the axis of the columnar magnet is reduced, reflected light cannot be obtained. Therefore, the light reflecting device 23 should be mounted so that the axis of the columnar magnet is substantially vertical. Desirably, the level 23b is used for adjusting the mounting position. Further, the collimation line 23c is provided for convenience when the operator 7 collimates from the lightwave distance measuring device 1.

The light reflecting device 24 shown in FIG. 10 is an embodiment of the invention described in claim 4, and a large number of minute reflections are formed on the surface of the sphere 24a similarly to the light reflecting device shown in FIG. The synthetic resin sheet on which the combination surface is formed is adhered, and the bolt 24b fixed to the sphere serves as an attachment member. The light reflecting device 24 can be fixed by screwing a bolt hole with a female screw cut in an excavating member or a transfer member of an earthmoving machine. In the case of a backhoe or a power shovel, the attachment position is not limited to the main body of the bucket, but may be a hinge member or the like at a joint between the arm and the bucket.

As shown in FIG. 2, the small computer 3 has a storage device 3a, a computing device 3b, and a display device 3d. Used in the driver's seat. The small computer 3 can be a general-purpose notebook personal computer or the like, and the storage device 3a can store the planned ground height as data of a triangular mesh diagram or contour lines, and the like. This data is set so that it can be read into the arithmetic unit at any time.

The arithmetic unit 3b is set to perform the following functions based on the measurement data input from the lightwave distance measuring device 1. a. A function of specifying the installation position of the lightwave distance measuring device 1 from a value obtained by measuring the distance and direction to two reference points whose positions have already been specified. b. From the distance to the light reflecting device 2 attached to the earthmoving machine and the value obtained by measuring the horizontal angle and the vertical angle from the reference point and the position of the lightwave distance measuring device, the position of the excavating member or the transfer member of the earthmoving machine and Function to calculate the current ground height at that point. c. From the data of the planned ground height stored in the storage device, the planned ground height at the position where the current ground height was measured is calculated and compared with the above-mentioned current ground height. And a function of outputting data relating to the difference to the display device 3d and displaying the data.

The display device 3d displays the difference between the present ground height and the planned ground height together with the position on the planning plane on the basis of data input from the arithmetic unit 3b on a liquid crystal screen or the like. It is. This display content is not limited to the above, and may be displayed only with numerical values, may be displayed together with the planned cross-sectional view, or the planned height and the present ground height may be simultaneously displayed on the measurement position and its surroundings on the plan view. May be set to be displayed.

The small computer 3 is provided with a wireless communication modem 5b.
Wireless transmission / reception with the modem 5a provided in the server. The measurement data of the lightwave distance measuring device 1 is transmitted to the small computer 3 in real time. As shown in FIG. 1, when the measurement data is transmitted to the operator 6 and also transmitted to a personal computer carried by the site supervisor or a computer installed in the site office, simultaneous construction management is performed at a plurality of locations. Can be managed more easily.

Next, an example of a method of using the earthwork management system having the above configuration will be described. This is one embodiment of the invention described in claim 3. Before the construction, the current condition of the site is measured using the lightwave distance measuring device 1. For example, as shown in FIG.
In addition to measuring the distance and direction, the pole prism 8 is similarly set up at a plurality of positions on the site, and the distance and direction are measured by irradiating the pole prism 8 with a modulated light wave from the lightwave distance measuring device 1. Then, by comparing the data with the reference pile 9, a plurality of measurement positions are specified, and the current ground height at the positions is specified. The work of specifying the measurement position and the ground height may be carried out by bringing the small computer 3 to the site and immediately inputting the measurement data via the modems 5a and 5b, or recording the measurement data. It can be done at different times and places. In this manner, a three-dimensional random triangular net map (current triangular topographic map) 31 is created from the calculated current ground height at each position of the site as shown in FIG. Further, based on this, the contour map 32 can be created.

The data on the current ground height thus created is sent to the design department. In the design section, the ground surface to be developed, that is, the planned ground height is determined based on the current triangular net topographic map 31 and the contour map 32 and the like. The planned ground height is shown as a planned contour map 33 and a planned triangular mesh map 34, and is created using a CAD function or the like on a computer. Such data relating to the planned height is converted into three-dimensional or two-dimensional data as necessary, and stored as electronic data. This data can be used to calculate the amount of earthwork by comparing it with data on the height of the existing ground. Further, a simple perspective diagram such as a planned contour line perspective diagram 35 and a planned height triangular net perspective diagram 36 using the CAD function can be used as presentation or design data.

At the site where the earthwork is performed, the small computer 3 in which the data on the planned height is stored is carried by the operator 6 of the earthmoving machine or is installed and used in the driver's seat of the earthmoving machine. The data relating to the planned ground height is stored in a storage device as a planned triangular mesh diagram (two-dimensional or three-dimensional), for example. Then, the management of the earthwork at the site is performed as follows.

First, the lightwave distance measuring device 1 is installed, and the reference pile 9 is mounted.
Collimate the pole prism installed above and measure the distance and direction to the reference pile. Then, the installation position of the lightwave distance measuring device 1 is specified from the measurement values of the two reference piles. Further, the light reflecting device 2 is connected to the bucket 4a of the backhoe 4.
Attach in place. At this time, when the bucket is brought into contact with the ground surface in a predetermined posture, the height (h shown in FIG. 2) of the mounting position of the light reflecting device 2 from the ground surface is measured.
This value, the position (x, y) of the lightwave distance measuring device, and the altitude are input to the small computer 3 from the input device 3c as initial conditions.

Next, a bucket 4a is provided at an arbitrary point where the work is performed.
Are brought into contact with each other in a predetermined posture, and the light wave measuring device 1 collimates the light reflecting device 2 to measure the distance to the reflection position and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle from the reference point. The measurement data is transferred to the small computer 3 carried by the operator 6 via the wireless modems 5a and 5b.

Based on the measured data and the initial conditions,
The ground height in the present situation (at the time of measurement) is calculated by the arithmetic unit 3b of the small computer 3, and is compared with the planned ground height stored in the storage device 3a. At this time, the data of the planned height stored in the storage device 3a is not stored for an arbitrary measurement point, and when the measurement point is specified, the planned height of the position is changed to the data of the surrounding position. And is compared with the current ground height. Then, the difference between the present ground height and the planned height is displayed on the display device 3d together with the planned triangular mesh diagram 34 as shown in FIG. At this time, the measurement point is a circle 34b which is the scale of the drawing.
Can be shown as the center of That is, the radii of the two circles correspond to 5 m and 10 m, respectively, on the planned triangular network diagram. Further, the difference between the current ground height at the peripheral position and the planned height can be displayed by the size of the radius of the circle 34a as shown in FIG. 13 (b). Is displayed. This makes it possible to grasp the soil volume distribution in the surrounding area, and to easily determine where to move the excavated soil and to bring the embankment soil from. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the current ground position may be displayed on the planned sectional view.

An operator 6 operating this on the earth moving machine
The operator 6 can know the excavation amount or the embankment amount up to the planned height while looking at these numerical data or image data displayed on the display device of the small computer 3, and the operator 6 can excavate the ground or remove the soil according to the display. You can make a move.

Therefore, according to the earth work management system or the earth work management method, the earth work can be performed without providing the stakes and the piles on the site, and the accurate construction work can be performed. Can be. In addition, the figure data used in the earthwork management system 10 and the management method can be the same as those used at the time of surveying and designing, and the data can be shared. Reduction, efficiency and rationalization from design to construction can be achieved at the same time.

[0044]

As described above, according to the earth work management system or the earth work management method of the present invention, the relationship between the planned ground height and the current ground height is displayed on the display device in real time, and Since the operator can proceed with the earthwork based on this, it is not necessary or necessary to install a stake or a stake as an index as in the past, and the work can be performed efficiently. Becomes possible. In addition, the actual ground height can be compared with the planned height at an arbitrary position, and accurate construction can be performed irrespective of the skill level of the operator, even if the construction work has a complicated shape. The planned ground height stored in the storage device is
The data created in the design can be used as it is, and the efficiency can be improved by sharing the data.

Further, in the light reflecting device for lightwave distance measurement according to the present invention, since a plurality of reflection combination surfaces (corner cubes) are provided on the curved surface, the position / posture of the light reflecting device changes. Also, it is possible to obtain reflected light parallel to and opposite to the incident light. Further, by adopting a configuration in which the synthetic resin sheet on which the reflection combination surface is formed is stuck on a curved surface, the manufacturing cost of the light reflection device is reduced. Further, by attaching the device to the earth-moving machine using a magnet, the attachment becomes extremely simple, and replacement with another earth-moving machine becomes easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an earthwork management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the earth work management system shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a light reflecting device used in the earth work management system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and FIG.

FIG. 4 is a shape explanatory view for explaining a configuration of a light reflecting device.

5 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a configuration of a synthetic resin sheet used in the light reflecting device shown in FIG.

6 is a schematic side view and a schematic plan view showing a range in which the light reflecting device shown in FIG. 3 can be collimated.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view and a schematic side view showing a light reflection device according to another embodiment of the invention described in claim 4, 5 or 7.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view and a schematic side view showing a light reflecting device according to another embodiment of the invention described in claim 5 or 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing a light reflecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a light reflecting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of a system for performing surveying performed prior to earthworks.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a drawing created before performing earthworks.

FIG. 13 shows an earth work management system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on a display device.

FIG. 14 shows an earth work management system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
It is a figure showing other examples of a screen displayed on a display.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram for explaining the function of the light reflecting device.

FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a conventional earthwork management method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 light wave distance measuring device 2 light reflecting device 3 small computer 3a storage device 3b computing device 3c input device 3d display device 4 backhoe 5 wireless communication modem 6 backhoe operator 7 operator of light wave distance measuring device 8 pole prism 9 reference pile 10 soil Construction management system 21, 22, 23, 24 Light reflection device

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A light reflector which is attached to a digging member or a transfer member of an earthmoving machine used for excavating ground or moving earth and sand, reflects incident light, and emits reflected light parallel to the incident light and in the opposite direction. A light-wave distance measuring device that emits light to the light reflecting device, detects the reflected light, and measures the distance to the reflecting position and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the reflecting position from a reference point; and A storage device that stores the planned height of the construction site as electronic data, and a height of the ground at the time of measurement based on a value measured by the lightwave distance measuring device, which is stored in the storage device. An arithmetic device for comparing the data with the planned height; a data communication device for immediately inputting the value measured by the lightwave distance measuring device to the arithmetic device; a planned height obtained by the arithmetic device and a ground height at the time of measurement; The relationship between the soil Earthworks management system characterized by having a display device for displaying to an operator to operate it on the machine. 2. The data communication device, comprising: a wireless transmission unit for transmitting a signal corresponding to a value measured by the lightwave distance measuring device; and receiving the signal transmitted from the transmission unit and working on the calculation unit. The earthwork management system according to claim 1, further comprising wireless receiving means. 3. A light reflecting device which reflects incident light and emits reflected light in a direction parallel to the incident light and in a reverse direction to the excavating member or the transfer member of the earthmoving machine used for excavating the ground or moving earth and sand. In advance, the light is emitted to the light reflection device, the reflected light is detected, and the distance to the reflection position and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the reflection position from the reference point are measured. Calculating the ground height at the time of measuring a certain position of the excavating member or the transfer member, and comparing the ground height with the planned height of the site where the earthwork is performed, which is stored in the storage device in advance; An earthwork management method comprising: displaying the relationship of the earthwork on an operator who operates the earthworks machine; and excavating the ground or moving earth and sand in accordance with the display. 4. A reflector base formed so that a part or the whole of the surface is curved, and the reflector base is fixed to a digging member or a transfer member of an earth moving machine used for excavating the ground or moving earth and sand. On the curved surface, a plurality of minute reflection combination surfaces are formed in which three light reflection surfaces are joined at right angles to each other, and these light reflection surfaces are combined so as to face concavely. A light reflecting device for lightwave distance measurement. 5. A magnet having a flat magnetic attraction surface,
On a curved surface formed on a part of the magnet or a member fixed to the magnet, three light reflecting surfaces are joined at right angles to each other, and these light reflecting surfaces are combined so that they face concavely. A light reflector for lightwave distance measurement, wherein a plurality of reflection combination surfaces are formed. 6. The magnet has a cylindrical shape, and the minute reflection combination surface is formed by forming a large number of minute reflection combination surfaces on a front surface, a back surface, or a boundary surface between two materials of a synthetic resin sheet member. 6. The light reflecting device according to claim 5, wherein the sheet member made of synthetic resin is adhered to a peripheral surface of the magnet. 7. The magnet or a member fixed to the magnet has a spherical surface or a curved surface similar to the spherical surface, and the minute reflection combination surface is a front surface, a back surface, or two materials of a synthetic resin sheet member. 6. A light wave measuring method according to claim 5, wherein a large number of minute reflection combination surfaces are formed on the boundary surface of the surface, and the synthetic resin sheet member is attached on the curved surface. Light reflecting device for distance.