JPH1193951A - Non-lubricant sliding bush device using wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics as friction body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To minimize the frictional coefficient in starting and operation by performing the sliding operation of an outer cylinder with a guide rail shaft through a friction body consisting of wood ceramics of a woody porous carbon material having an excellent sliding friction characteristic. SOLUTION: This device has a circular shaft-like guide rail shaft 1 and an outer cylinder 3 fitted to the circumferential surface of the guide rail shaft 1 in such a manner as to be slidable through a friction body 2. The friction body 2 is formed of wood ceramics formed by baking a woody porous carbon material. Since a holding member 5 is laid in the state where a protruding part in its rear surface center opposite to the friction body 2 which makes contact with the guide rail shaft 1 is supported by a regulating screw 9 in contact therewith, the holding member 5 can be rocked or tilted within the range of a clearance (b) to the bottom wall 7 of a fitting groove even when an excessive pressure is added through the friction body 2 and, therefore, the sliding of the outer cylinder 3 to the guide rail shaft 1 can be naturally and stably performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a guide rail which is used as a part (slide part) of various general industrial machines.
The present invention relates to a sliding bushing device that is frequently used for reciprocating sliding on a rail shaft. In particular, the positioning of those sets with respect to a guide rail shaft can be performed quickly, easily, and accurately, and at the time of startup and operation. The present invention relates to a sliding-type bushing device having a small friction coefficient, good repetition operation accuracy of reciprocating sliding, excellent durability, and stable friction characteristics even under non-lubricating oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As such a conventional bushing device, for example, as a sliding member of the device with respect to a guide rail shaft, an alloy of various metals such as a copper alloy, a titanium-based alloy, and a magnesium-based alloy is used as a material. Or, the one using a rolling sliding method via a ball is generally known.

[0003] However, in these cases, there are many problems in dealing with the use temperature, fluctuation of frictional force, allowable contact pressure, and the like, and various uses such as those requiring a lubricant (oil) are common. Due to the above restrictions, it is generally difficult to achieve stable sliding. Also, an excessive load is applied to the ball, causing play, etc., causing a hammer action due to inertial moment when the direction of reciprocating sliding is changed, or an instantaneous impact load several times depending on heavy load. And the degree of wear increases,
Eventually, there is a problem that the positioning of the device with respect to the guide rail shaft is not good, and it is difficult to maintain the repetitive operation accuracy. Further, in the conventional apparatus, in many cases, oil is poured into the material and the structure in order to improve the sliding and rolling sliding, so that a lubricating apparatus is required, and the product cost is high and the structure is complicated. It also has the drawback. In addition, there are problems such as an increase in maintenance and maintenance costs for refueling. In addition, is it difficult to use the lubricating oil in places where the function of the lubricating oil deteriorates due to high or low temperatures, where the lubricating oil film is easily broken by foreign substances, or in special gas, vacuum, or radiation environment? Alternatively, it has the disadvantage of being severely constrained.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the various drawbacks of the conventional device caused by the materials and structures used, and reduces the coefficient of friction at startup and operation. Wood ceramics or other vegetable ceramics that are suitable for use, such as being excellent in wear resistance, durability, stable friction characteristics even in a non-lubricated state, and capable of sufficiently withstanding use in the above-mentioned special environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-lubricated sliding bush device as a friction body.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an inner peripheral surface of an outer cylinder which is slidably fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a shaft-shaped guide rail shaft via a frictional body. A plurality of fitting grooves are formed at equal intervals at appropriate angles, and a holding member in which a friction body made of wood-based porous carbon material is fitted in each of the fitting grooves is engaged. It was set up.

A plurality of holding members fitted with friction members made of wood ceramics, which are in contact with and slide on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped guide rail shaft, are engaged in respective fitting grooves formed in the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder. As the disposing means, the holding member is tightly and swingably engaged with the bottom wall in the fitting groove via a screw with a spring washer attached to the outer cylinder, and the holding member is a screw with a spring washer. When the rocking state is attained by the above operation, the contact pressure between the friction member made of wood ceramics fitted to the holding member and the guide rail shaft is appropriately adjusted by pressing the adjusting screw attached to the outer cylinder. May be done.

[0007] Further, as a frictional body for sliding the outer cylinder along the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft, a wood-based material such as bamboo, rice hull, rice bran, etc. is used in place of the wood-based porous carbon material. Other plant-based ceramics obtained by the same production method as wood ceramics may be used as a porous carbon material of a plant other than the above.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings and FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a side view (sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2) of a part of an embodiment of a main part of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B, which includes a guide rail shaft 1 having a circular (circular) shaft shape, and an outer cylinder 3 slidably fitted to an outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft 1 via a friction body 2. doing. The friction body 2 is made of wood ceramics formed by sintering a wood-based porous carbon material.

The outer cylinder 3 is a cylindrical member having an appropriate length, and is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, the fitting groove 4 having four U-shaped cross-sections, which are connected to the outer surface of the insertion hole of the guide rail shaft 1 at the center and are equidistantly arranged at 90 degrees, is formed on the inner peripheral surface. It is drilled along the entire surface in the vertical direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a holding member 5 to which the friction body 2 is fitted is inserted into each fitting groove 4 through screws 6 and 6 with spring washers attached to the outer cylinder 3.
Is arranged so as to be tightly and swingably (freely) movable with respect to the bottom wall 7. 8, 8 are the screws 6 with spring washers.
6 is a threaded hole with a counterbore for fitting, and is provided from the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3 to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the fitting groove 4 on the inner peripheral surface. Reference numeral 9 denotes an adjusting screw attached to the outer cylinder 3, which presses the center of the rear surface of the holding member 5 to appropriately adjust the contact pressure of the friction body 2 with respect to the guide rail shaft 1. Reference numeral 10 denotes a counterbore threaded hole into which the adjusting screw 9 is fitted, and is provided so as to be connected from the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3 to the longitudinal center of the fitting groove 4 on the inner peripheral surface. Therefore, the outer cylinder 3 is moved along the lengthwise direction along the length of the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft 1 via the frictional body 2 which comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft 1 so as to sandwich the outer cylinder 3 from the four directions at an appropriate pressure. Slides back and forth in the direction.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the holding member 5 to be engaged in the fitting groove 4 has an appropriate length and an appropriate depth along the longitudinal direction on the front side facing the guide rail shaft 1. A groove 11 is formed, and screw holes 12, 12 in which a screw portion is not formed are formed on both side end portions and a rear end portion side. The groove 11
Inside, a friction body 2 formed of a wood ceramic in a rectangular parallelepiped shape is fitted. In the screw holes 12, 12,
The screws 6 and 6 with spring washers are fitted. As shown in FIG. 6, the friction body 2 projects slightly forward by β from the front surface of the holding member 5. The rear surface of the holding member 5 on the side opposite to the guide rail shaft 1 has a mountain shape having a central portion projecting slightly backward by α from both side end portions. The tip contacts.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show side plates 13 which are screwed to both end surfaces of the outer cylinder 3. The side plate 13 has an insertion hole 14 for the guide rail shaft 1 at the center of the disk and its periphery. It has a donut shape with a screw hole 15 formed in the portion.
The side plate 13 is fixed to both end surfaces of the outer cylinder 3 by fitting the screws 16 shown in FIG. 2 into the screw holes 15, whereby the outer cylinder 3 in which the friction body 2 as a sliding member is disposed is provided. The opening portions on both sides of the fitting groove 4 are closed to prevent foreign matter from entering the fitting groove 4 from outside.

When the outer cylinder 3 is fitted and set on the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft 1, first, as shown in FIG. 12, the screws 6, 6 with spring washers are screwed into the screw holes 12, 12 of the holding member 5. And the rear surface side of the holding member 5 is brought into close contact with the bottom wall 7 of the fitting groove 4. Then, between the friction body 2 fitted to the holding member 5 and the guide rail shaft 1, a gap a shown in FIG. Since the depth is set, the guide rail shaft 1 can be smoothly inserted into the insertion hole of the outer cylinder 3. Next, when the tightening of the screws 6 and 6 with spring washers is loosened to release the screwing engagement with the screw portions of the screw holes 12 and 12, the holding member 5 is free of the screws 6 and 6 with spring washers. In this state, as shown in FIG.
To guide the rear central projection of the holding member 5
Is pressed to the side of the rotary shaft 1. Then, the holding member 5 is pushed out and moves forward in the fitting groove 4 to move the guide rail.
The guide rail shaft 1 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft 1 by appropriately adjusting the pushing operation amount of the adjusting screw 9.
The contact pressure between the friction member 2 and the friction member 2 can be adjusted appropriately.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 13, a gap b is provided between the bottom wall 7 of the fitting groove 4 and the holding member 5, and the screws 6 and 6 with spring washers and the holding member 5 are provided. The holding member 5 is in a free state in which it is released, and the holding member 5 is supported in such a manner that the rear central protruding portion of the holding member 5 opposite to the friction body 2 in contact with the guide rail shaft 1 is in contact with the adjusting screw 9. Therefore, the holding member 5 can swing or tilt within the range of the gap b with respect to the bottom wall 7 of the fitting groove 4 even when an excessive pressure is applied through the friction body 2, Sliding of the outer cylinder 3 with respect to the guide rail shaft 1 can be performed without difficulty and stably. The same applies to the case where the guide rail shaft 1 is considerably long and bends or bends as a whole. After the adjustment of the contact pressure between the friction body 2 and the guide rail shaft 1 by the pushing operation is completed, the adjusting screw 9 is sealed with paint or enamel.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the holding member 5. In this case, unlike the above-mentioned case, the rear surface of the holding member 5 'is flattened without being formed into a chevron shape in which a central portion protrudes. Things. In this case as well, the tightening of the screws 6 and 6 with spring washers and the holding member 5 is released, and the gap b between the bottom wall 7 of the fitting groove 4 and the holding member 5 is arranged by the pushing operation of the adjusting screw 9. By doing so, smooth and stable sliding of the outer cylinder 3 can be maintained as in the case described above.

In the above embodiment, a circular (circular) shaft is used as the guide rail shaft 1, and the outer cylinder 3 which slides on the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft 1 via the friction body 2 has a cylindrical shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a guide rail shaft of a square shaft and a square cylindrical outer cylinder may be used. Although one adjusting screw 9 for adjusting the contact pressure of the friction body 2 is provided at the center of the rear surface of the holding member 5, a pair of adjusting screws 9 may be provided.

Further, the friction body 2 using wood ceramics of a wood-based porous carbon material has been described, but the use is not necessarily limited to this. For example, bamboo, chaff, rice bran, etc. In some cases, other vegetable ceramics obtained by using the same method as wood ceramics using the porous carbon material of the plant as a raw material and having the same friction characteristics as the wood ceramics may be used.

FIGS. 16 and 17 show the device according to the present invention (referred to as a newly developed bearing in the drawings and non-lubricated) and a conventional device (referred to as a conventional bearing in the drawings and having a grease as a lubricant). FIG. 4 is a characteristic explanatory diagram obtained by comparing and experimenting on friction characteristics. The figure above shows the change in the coefficient of friction with respect to speed and distance during friction.As is clear from this figure, the device of the present invention is not lubricated, but compared to the conventional device using lubricating oil. Thus, the coefficient of friction at the time of startup and during operation is small and stable, so that the sliding operation of the device can be performed lightly and stably with as little operating energy as possible.

The sintering temperature is 800 ° C.
An experiment was conducted using wood ceramics containing 30% or more of hard glassy carbon impregnated with phenolic resin, which was heat-treated as described above. As a result, the specific wear amount and friction coefficient were both extremely small and stable. Sliding operation could be performed.

[0020]

Since the present invention has the above-described structure, it solves the above-mentioned various problems caused by the material and structure of the conventional apparatus, and has the following specific effects.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the sliding operation between the outer cylinder and the guide rail shaft is performed via a friction body made of a wood-based porous carbon material having excellent sliding friction characteristics. As a result, the friction coefficient at start-up and during operation is smaller than that of the conventional friction sliding method and rolling sliding method using various alloys, and it is superior in wear resistance, durability, and repetition operation accuracy. Suitable for use in industrial fields where high-precision sliding friction characteristics are required, and stable friction characteristics are obtained even under non-lubricating oil. Therefore, light and stable sliding operation can be maintained for a long time with a small operating force. The sliding type bush device which can be realized economically can be realized. In addition, there is little noise due to the characteristics of the material, there is no problem in terms of mechanical rigidity, and there is no need for lubricating oil, so there are no restrictions on use such as the above-mentioned temperature restrictions and restrictions on use in special environments. At the same time, since there is no need for refueling equipment and labor for refueling, and no need to secure the personnel, it is possible to greatly reduce or save labor, cost, and time for maintenance, management, and maintenance. Further, the overall structure of the device can be simplified, which is suitable for use.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the excellent frictional characteristics possessed by the wood ceramics can be effectively exhibited, and the holding member fitted with the wood ceramics friction body is further fitted to the fitting groove of the outer cylinder. The bottom wall is fastened and pivotably (free) engaged via a screw with a spring washer, and the adjusting screw is set when the holding member is free with respect to the screw with the spring washer. Guide rail through
The contact pressure between the guide rail shaft and the friction body is adjusted appropriately by pushing the guide rail shaft side, so that the positioning of a set of industrial robots etc. mounted on the outer cylinder with respect to the guide rail shaft can be performed quickly. , Easy and accurate, and even if excessive pressure is applied to the device, the holding member swings to maintain a reasonably stable contact, so that the reciprocating sliding operation accuracy is further improved and the durability is improved. Also excellent.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since other vegetable ceramics which can be expected to have substantially the same sliding friction characteristics as wood ceramics are used as the friction body, the same effects as those of the first and second aspects of the present invention are obtained. Play.

As described in the above embodiment,
In particular, when wood ceramics fired at a temperature of 800 ° C. or more and containing 30% or more of hard glassy carbon impregnated with a phenol resin are used as the friction body, the specific wear amount and the friction coefficient are extremely small. It is possible to obtain a sliding bush device having more excellent friction characteristics.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view (sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2) of a part of an embodiment of a main part of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the outer cylinder.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional front view of a holding member.

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the above.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a holding member fitted with a friction body.

FIG. 10 is a front view of side plates attached to both ends of the outer cylinder.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an operation when the outer cylinder is fitted to the guide rail shaft.

FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory diagram at the time of adjusting the contact pressure of the friction body with respect to the guide rail shaft.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a friction body.

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a holding member according to another embodiment fitted with a friction body.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a comparative experiment of friction characteristics showing a difference in a change in friction coefficient with respect to a friction distance between the present invention and a conventional device.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory view illustrating a comparative experiment of friction characteristics showing a difference in a change in friction coefficient with respect to the friction speed in the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 guide rail shaft 2 friction body made of wood ceramics 3 outer cylinder 4 fitting groove 5 holding member 5 ′ holding member 6 screw with spring washer 7 bottom wall of fitting groove 8 countersunk screw hole 9 adjustment screw 10 spot facing Screw hole 11 Groove 12 Screw hole 13 Side plate 14 Guide rail shaft insertion hole 15 Screw hole 16 Screw

Claims (3)

[Claims] A plurality of fitting grooves are formed at equal intervals on an inner circumferential surface of an outer cylinder which is slidably fitted to an outer circumferential surface of a shaft-shaped guide rail shaft via a friction body. A lubricating body made of wood-based porous carbon material is fitted in each of the fitting grooves. Sliding bush device. 2. A plurality of holding members, in which friction members made of wood ceramics, which are in contact with and slide on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped guide rail shaft, are inserted into respective fitting grooves formed in the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder. As the engagement disposing means, the holding member is tightly and swingably engaged with the bottom wall in the fitting groove via a screw with a spring washer attached to the outer cylinder, and the holding member has a spring washer. When the rocking state is achieved by operating the screw, the contact pressure between the friction body made of wood ceramics fitted to the holding member and the guide rail shaft is adjusted appropriately by pressing the adjustment screw attached to the outer cylinder. 2. A non-lubricated sliding bush device according to claim 1, wherein said friction member is made of wood ceramic. 3. A friction material for sliding the outer cylinder along the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail shaft, using a porous carbon material of a non-woody plant such as bamboo, rice husk, rice bran as a raw material instead of wood ceramics. 3. A non-lubricated sliding bush device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein another vegetable ceramic obtained by the same manufacturing method as that of wood ceramic is used.