JPH1191676A - Electric vehicle with auxiliary power - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To comprise a labyrinth by an opening and a rim that makes it difficult for water and mud to enter from the opening portion, makes rotation smooth, and makes it difficult for water and mud to enter the motor. SOLUTION: This electric vehicle with auxiliary power has a motor 56 that drives a rotation side casing 31 according to the amount of contraction of a spring 49, and has a rim 42 that inputs manual driving force via the spring 49 to the rotation side casing 31 that is attached to the wheels. An opening is created in the rotation side casing 31 to generate rotation return of the rotation side casing 31 and rim 42 by the contraction of the spring 49. The rim 42 is formed with a larger diameter than this opening and is attached to the inside of the rotation side casing 31. Furthermore, the rim 42 is positioned so that it covers the bearing 45.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric vehicle with auxiliary power that travels by using two driving forces, a human driving force and an electric driving force.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this kind of electric vehicle with auxiliary power has been
As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-58569 (B62M23 / 02), a drive unit is constituted by a fixed-side casing attached to an axle and a rotary-side casing that rotates with wheels, and an electric motor and a torque sensor are provided in the drive unit. And built-in. Then, a manual driving force applied to the pedal is detected by the torque sensor, and the wheels are rotated with an electric driving force having the same magnitude as the human driving force.

[0003] The torque sensor will be described in detail. The torque sensor detects a twist generated between the human-powered driving force input portion and the wheels. An opening formed in the center of the rotating casing has a rotating casing and a torque sensor. A human-powered driving force input unit connected by a spring is provided, and when a human-powered torque is generated, the motor rotates with a twist with respect to the rotating casing, and the amount of the twist is detected. For this reason, this rotating side casing and the human-powered driving force input unit are configured separately, and are connected only by a spring to detect torsion.

However, with such a configuration,
There must be a small gap between the opening and the manual drive input, and rain or mud can enter the drive through this gap, damaging electrical systems such as electric motors with water. In addition, there is a risk that pebbles or sand may bite into gears and damage parts.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a long-lasting electric vehicle with auxiliary power that does not allow water or mud to enter a drive unit and is free from trouble. I do.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stationary casing attached to an axle, and a wheel having an opening around the axle and provided at a position opposed to the stationary casing. A rotating-side casing that rotates, a pulley attached to the rotating-side casing and supported by an axle, a human-powered driving force input unit provided with an elastic body between the pulley and a human-powered driving force, and An electric motor attached to the fixed casing and rotating the pulley in accordance with the amount of contraction of the elastic body, wherein the human-powered driving force input unit comprises a flange formed of a disk having a diameter larger than the opening. Is characterized by being rotated by being twisted with the pulley by an amount of contraction of the elastic body.

With this configuration, when a human-powered driving force is generated by the human-powered driving force, the human-powered driving force contracts the elastic body from the flange of the human-powered driving force input section, and the pulley and the rotating casing are rotated by the elastic body to travel. I do. Further, the electric motor is driven in accordance with the amount of contraction of the elastic body, and the rotating casing is rotated by two driving forces, a manual driving force and an electric driving force.
When this elastic body contracts, a space is formed between the pulley, that is, the rotating side casing and the human-powered driving force input portion in order to cause a twist between the rotating-side casing and the human-powered driving force input portion. An opening is formed. A labyrinth is formed by the opening and the flange, so that even if water or mud enters from the opening, the labyrinth does not easily enter between the rotating casing and the fixed casing.

Further, a bearing is provided between the pulley and the axle, and the flange is disposed so as to cover the bearing.

For this reason, the mud does not enter the bearing and the rotation can be made smooth.

Further, the flange is located inside the rotating casing.

For this reason, the collar is not located outside the rotating side casing, and rotates inside the rotating side casing, which is very safe.

The outer diameter of the flange is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the pulley.

Therefore, water and mud do not enter the inside of the pulley.

Further, the elastic body is provided inside the pulley, and the flange covers the elastic body.

Therefore, water and mud do not adhere to the elastic body, and the elastic body expands and contracts smoothly for a long period of time, and it is possible to accurately detect human torque.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to an example of a drive unit of an electrically assisted bicycle with auxiliary power.

First, the configuration of the entire electric assist bicycle will be described with reference to FIG.

1 is a head pipe 2 provided at the front part,
The main frame is connected to a seat tube 4 provided below the saddle 3, and a pedal 5 which can be rotated by human power is attached to a portion where the main frame 1 and the seat tube 4 are connected.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a front wheel which is linked to the movement of the steering wheel 7 and determines a traveling direction by operating the steering wheel 7. The front wheel 6 is comprised of a spoke 8, a rim 9, and a tire 10.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a rear wheel serving as a driving wheel.
The vehicle also includes a tire 12, a rim 13, spokes 14, and a drive unit 15 for driving the rear wheel 11.

A front sprocket 16 rotates with the rotation of the pedal 5. The front sprocket 16 includes a chain.
17 is engaged and the rotation of the front sprocket 16 is
Power is transmitted to a rear sprocket 41 described later provided on the 15 axle 18.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a battery serving as a power source for an electric motor 56, which will be described later, and contains a 24-volt NiCd battery.
Also, the battery 19 is removable and can be charged indoors when charging. Reference numeral 20 denotes a mounting table which is mounted so as to surround the main frame 1 and on which the battery 19 is mounted.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a front basket, and reference numeral 22 denotes a stand for supporting a bicycle during parking.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a brake lever attached to the handle 7. The brake lever 23 is provided with a brake wire 24 for operating a roller brake 69, which will be described later. You can apply braking force by subtracting 24.

The above-described driving section 15 will be described with reference to FIG.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a disc-shaped fixed casing fixedly attached to the main frame 1, and 31 denotes a rotating casing which is coaxial with the fixed casing 30 and rotates outside the fixed casing 30. The fixed casing 30 and the rotating casing 31 together constitute a hub of the rear wheel 11. A frame 33 having two annular ribs 32 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating side casing 31. A plurality of spokes are provided from the annular rib 32 of the frame 33 to the rim 13 on which the tire 12 is mounted. 14 are stretched. In addition, a step 34 which is lower than the surface of the fixed casing 30 is formed in a part of the fixed casing 30 below the axle 18. An opening 35 is formed by cutting out the fixed casing 30, and the opening 35 opens toward the ground. Furthermore, the fixed side casing
In the vicinity of the axle 18 of 30, a thickened portion 36 having a thickened wall thickness is formed.
The recess 38 is formed such that the surface of the fixed casing 30 and the top surface of the nut 37 are substantially flush with each other when the nut 37 is tightened, or the top surface of the nut 37 is slightly lower. The main frame 1 is fixed around the concave portion 38 of the fixed casing 30 by a nut 39, and the main frame 1 is firmly contacted with a portion of the fixed casing 30 where the wall pressure is increased. Can be fixed to Furthermore, the surface of the fixed casing 30 and the nut
Since the top surface of the 37 is flush, the fixed side casing 30 and the nut 37 abut and are fastened when the main frame 1 is attached, so that it is more firmly fixed. Also,
When the electric motor 56 to be described later rotates, power is transmitted by the belt 68. Therefore, when the electric motor 56 is driven, the rotating shaft of the electric motor 56 is rotated.
A force occurs at the tip of 57 in the direction of the axle 18, causing a phenomenon that the motor 56 side of the fixed casing 30 bends.However, the wall pressure around the axle 18 of the fixed casing 30 is increased,
Since the portion and the main frame 1 are in contact with each other, the bending can be eliminated. Also, the rotating side casing
An opening 31a is formed around the axle 18 of the 31 so that a transmission 40 to be described later can be inserted.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a hub-internal transmission provided on the axle 18, and the transmission 40 is joined to the rear sprocket 41 via a ratchet (not shown). That is, the ratchet allows human power from the chain 17 to be applied only in one direction, and when a force is applied in the reverse rotation direction, the driving force is cut off. At one end near the rear sprocket 41 of the transmission 40, a disk-shaped human-powered driving force input portion having a diameter larger than the diameter of the opening 31a, that is, a flange 42 is provided so as to close the opening 31a. It rotates with the rotation of the machine 40. In the drawings, a cross section of the inside of the transmission 40 is omitted. The transmission 40 transmits the human power applied to the rear sprocket 41 to the transmission 40 once and changes the meshing of the gears in the transmission 40 to change the transmission.
Rotate the outer case of 40. That is, the rotation of the flange 42 is rotated at the rotation speed after the gear shift.

The flange 42 forms a labyrinth with the rotating casing 31, and the tip of the flange 42 is formed close to the inner surface of the rotating casing 31.

Reference numeral 43 denotes a torque sensor provided on the outer periphery of the transmission 40. The torque sensor 43 detects the torque of the manual torque after shifting.

The specific structure of the torque sensor 43 will be described with reference to FIGS.

Reference numeral 44 is connected to the flange 42,
The two pins 42 are provided at positions opposed to the axle 18, and the pins 44 rotate with the rotation of the flange 42.

Reference numeral 45 denotes two bearings fitted on the outer periphery of the transmission 40. A second pulley 46 is provided on the outer periphery of the bearing 45 at a predetermined distance from the outer periphery of the transmission 40. I have. The bearing 45 provided on the rear sprocket 41 is covered by the flange 42, and the bearing 45 is surrounded by the transmission 40 and the second pulley 46 in addition to the flange 42. The second pulley 46 is a cylindrical transmission.
A portion having a small diameter surrounding the outer periphery of 40 and a portion on which a continuous power transmission belt 68 having a large diameter is hung from a part of the portion are formed. In addition, the second pulley 46
An inclined portion 47 having an inclined end is formed at a position facing the axle 18, and a pin 44 provided on a flange 42 extending from the transmission 40 is inserted into the other portion. Notches 48 are provided at two places, and the size of the notches 48 is set to be slightly larger than the contraction amount of a spring 49 described later. Further, the second pulley 46 is fixed to the rotation side casing 31 and the rotation side casing 31
It rotates with the rotation of 31.

Reference numeral 49 denotes an elastic body, that is, a spring provided between the pin 44 and the second pulley 46 and housed in a concave portion inside the second pulley 46. Human power is applied from the pin 44 via the spring 49. By pressing the second pulley 46, the second pulley
46 can be rotated. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the collar 42 is attached so as to cover a spring 49 housed in a concave portion of the second pulley 46.

Reference numeral 50 denotes a sliding cylinder to which an aluminum ring 51 is attached and which slides on the outer periphery of the small-diameter portion of the second pulley 46. A spring 52 is fixed to one end of the second pulley 46 so as to return to the position shown in FIG. Further, a projection 53 is formed on a portion of the sliding cylinder 50 which is in contact with the inclined portion 47, and the projection 53 is inclined by an amount of contraction of the spring 49 which contracts when the second pulley 46 is pressed.
The sliding cylinder 50 moves in the direction of the axle 18 by moving on the surface 47, that is, by the displacement of the rotation of the second pulley 46 with respect to the sliding cylinder 50. At this time, the tip of the pin 44 provided in the flange 42 is inserted through the hole 54 formed in the sliding cylinder 50, the rotation of the flange 42 also rotates the sliding cylinder 50, and the contraction of the spring 49 causes the axle to rotate. Since the sliding cylinder 50 moves in 18 directions, it moves helically when human power is applied. When the sliding cylinder 50 slides, the pin
The sliding cylinder 50 moves by using the small diameter portions of the 44 and the second pulley 46 as guides.

Numeral 55 denotes a coil slightly larger in diameter than the ring 51 provided on the outer periphery of the sliding cylinder 50. The coil 55 is located near the ring 51 of the fixed casing 30 near the ring 51. The coil 55 is provided to convert a change in inductance due to the movement of the ring 51 into an electric signal. That is, it is possible to convert the manual torque into a change in the electric signal.

Reference numeral 56 denotes a motor provided on the fixed casing 30 and serving as auxiliary power for the vehicle. The motor 56 is driven based on an output signal from a control board 80 described later, and includes a rotor 58 having a rotating shaft 57, And a stator 59 provided therearound.

Reference numeral 60 denotes a planetary roller reduction mechanism connected to the rotating shaft 57 for reducing the rotation of the electric motor 56. The planetary roller reduction mechanism 60 is provided rotatably around a pin 61 protruding and fixed from the electric motor 56. A plurality of rollers 62 connected to a rotating shaft 57 of the electric motor 56 and rotated by the rotation of the rotating shaft 57; a rotating cylinder 63 connected to the outer periphery of the plurality of rollers 62 and rotated by the rotation of the roller 62; The output shaft 64 is formed integrally with the rotary cylinder 63 so as to protrude therefrom. 65 is the output shaft
A lid of a planetary roller reduction mechanism 60 fixed to the electric motor 56 via a bearing 64 and a bearing 66. Further, the planetary roller reduction mechanism 60 has a built-in one-way clutch function.

Reference numeral 67 denotes a first pulley fixed to the output shaft 64 of the planetary roller speed reduction mechanism 60. The first pulley 67 has a belt 68 extending over the second pulley 46, and the electric motor 56 From the second pulley 46
It is designed to transmit at a reduced speed.

Reference numeral 69 denotes a brake mechanism provided in close contact with the stationary casing 30 to brake the rotation of the outer periphery of the transmission 40, that is, a roller brake.
Reference numeral 69 denotes a brake rotator 70 which, when operated by a brake lever 23 provided on the handlebar 7, pulls the brake wire 24 to move a brake shoe (not shown) outward and engages with the transmission 40 to rotate. The rotation side casing 3
1, that is, the rear wheel 11 can be braked. Further, an arm 71 for fixing the roller brake 69 is formed integrally with the roller brake 69, and the tip of the arm 71 is bent into an L shape and a hole is formed. And
The distal end of the arm 71 is formed with an extended portion 71a that passes through a fitting hole 72 formed in the fixed casing 30, so that a hole projects out of the fixed casing 30. In this embodiment, the brake wire 24 is attached by inserting the distal end of the extending portion 71a into the fitting hole 72. However, in order to achieve the effect of only stopping the rotation of the roller brake 69, the distal end of the extending portion 71a is required. May be simply fitted inside the fixed casing 30 without being inserted.

Reference numeral 73 denotes an operating rod that extends from the roller brake 69 and operates the roller brake 69. The operating rod 73 is formed by an opening 35 formed in the fixed casing 30.
And is exposed outside the fixed side casing 30. When the roller brake 69 is operated, the roller brake 69 moves in an arc around the roller brake 69.

Reference numeral 74 denotes a connecting rod which is attached to the distal end of the operating rod 73 and rotates around the distal end of the operating rod 74 as a fulcrum.
The wire 24 attached to the brake lever 23 is attached to 74, and the wire 24 is pulled by operating the brake lever 23, and the roller brake 69 is operated by operating the operating rod 73 to apply braking. Can be done.

Reference numeral 75 denotes a tension pulley for keeping the tension of a belt 68 connecting the first pulley 67 and the second pulley 46 constant.
A U-shaped arm 76 is provided with a rotatable roller 77 at one end and a spring 78 at the other end, and the center is rotatably fixed to the fixed casing 30. That is, when the belt 68 is loosened, the belt 68 can be pressed by the urging force of the spring 78 provided at the other end of the arm 76, and the belt 68 is always kept at a constant force.
I am trying to put up.

A resin cover 79 for covering the electric motor 56 is press-fitted into the fixed casing 30.

Reference numeral 80 denotes a control board for driving the electric motor 56 provided in the fixed casing 30, and a frame 81 formed inside the fixed casing 30 as shown in FIG.
It is stored inside.

Next, the operation of the torque sensor 43 for detecting the manual driving force applied to the pedal 5 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The manual driving force applied when the pedal 5 is depressed is input to the rear sprocket 41 via the chain 17 and
After being shifted by the transmission 40, it is transmitted to the pin 44 via the collar 42, and the pin 44 causes the spring 49 to contract. At this time, the sliding cylinder 50 connected to the pin 44 rotates by the same amount as the contraction amount of the spring 49, and the ring 51 moves in the direction of the axle 18 as the projection 53 moves on the inclined portion 47. This moving amount changes the inductance of the coil 55 and can be converted into an electric signal and taken out. The magnitude of the bending of the spring 49 is determined by the amount of the bending of the second pulley 46.
And rotate it. That is, the transmission 40 and the second pulley
There will be a gap between it and 46, and it will rotate.

Next, the specific operation of the torque sensor 43 will be described. When the collar 42 rotates in the direction of the arrow, the spring 49 bends and the sliding cylinder 50 moves to the left in FIG. As a result, the projection 53 moves on the inclined portion 47, and the sliding cylinder 50 moves downward in FIG. Further, when the manual driving force is lost, the spring 49 returns to the original position due to the restoring force of the spring.
The projection 53 in contact with 47 returns to its original position along the inclined portion 47 by the restoring force of the spring 52. Thereby, the ring 51 moves inside the coil 55 according to the magnitude of the manual driving force,
By changing the inductance of the coil 55,
The magnitude of the manual driving force can be detected by a change in the inductance of the coil 55.

Thus, the manual driving force is applied to the torque sensor 43.
The motor 56 can be driven with an output based on the detected signal and input to the control board 80 as an electric signal, and the output of the motor 56 can be operated as an aid to manual driving force.

In the present embodiment, the ratio is 1: 1 so that the user's riding power can be reduced to half.

Next, the operation of the roller brake 69 will be described.

The opening 35 of the fixed casing 30 is open toward the ground. Air from the outside enters through this opening, so that a roller brake 69 provided near the opening 35 is provided.
Can be cooled. This air also cools the space surrounded by the rotating casing 31 and the fixed casing 30, so that the motor 56 and the control board 80 can also be cooled.

Since the opening 35 is opened downward toward the ground, rainwater dripping from above the fixed casing 30 does not enter the inside from the opening 35.

Next, the operation of the collar 42 and the second pulley 46 will be described.

When a manual driving force is generated, a spring 49 provided between the flange 42 and the second pulley 46 is contracted, and a rotational displacement occurs between the flange 42 and the second pulley 46, thereby causing rotation. This shift forms an opening 31a in the rotating side casing 31, and this opening
This is because the manual driving force generated in the flange 42 is not directly transmitted to the flange 31a. The manual driving force applied to the flange 42 is applied to the rear wheel 11 via the spring 49, the second pulley 46, and the rotating casing 31. It comes to rotate.

Next, a case where rain or mud bounces during traveling will be described.

When mud or rain falls on the rotating casing 31, the mud or rain tends to enter through the opening 31a formed in the rotating casing 31. However, even if it enters, the collar 42 is arranged inside and the labyrinth is constituted by the rotating side casing 31, so that mud and rain do not enter inside from the collar 42. Further, since the outer peripheral portion of the flange 42 is configured to be close to the inner side surface of the rotating casing 31, even if mud or rain flows along the flange 42, it does not enter inside from the flange 42.

Further, since the flange 42 is arranged so as to cover the bearing 45 provided between the second pulley 46 and the axle 18,
Mud does not mix in the bearing 45, and rotation can be made smooth.

Further, since the collar 42 rotates inside the rotary casing 31, it is very safe.

The flange 42 has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the second pulley 46 and covers the spring 49, so that water or mud does not adhere to the spring 49, and expands and contracts smoothly for a long period of time. , Accurate human input torque can be detected.

[0060]

According to the structure of the present invention, the human-powered driving force input portion is formed of a flange made of a disk having a diameter larger than that of the opening, and the flange is rotated by being twisted by the contraction amount of the pulley and the elastic body. A labyrinth is formed by the part and the flange, so that even if water or mud enters through the opening, it is difficult for the part to enter between the rotating casing and the fixed casing.

Further, since a bearing is provided between the pulley and the axle, and the flange is arranged so as to cover the bearing, mud does not enter into the bearing and the rotation can be made smooth. .

Further, since the collar is located inside the rotary casing, the collar is not located outside the rotary casing, and the collar rotates inside the rotary casing, which is very safe.

Since the outer diameter of the flange is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the pulley, no water or mud enters the inside of the pulley.

The elastic body is provided inside the pulley, and the flange covers the elastic body, so that water or mud does not adhere to the elastic body, and the elastic body expands and contracts smoothly for a long time, and an accurate human-power torque is detected. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the pulley.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the torque sensor.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of the torque sensor.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the fixed casing.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the driving unit.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the fixed casing when the rotating casing of the drive unit is removed.

FIG. 8 is the same power system diagram.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 18 Axle 30 Fixed casing 31a Opening 11 Rear wheel (wheel) 31 Rotating casing 46 Second pulley (Pulley) 49 Spring (elastic body) 42 Flange (Manual driving force input section) 56 Electric motor 45 Bearing

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A fixed casing attached to an axle, a rotating casing having an opening around the axle and provided at a position facing the fixed casing and rotating with wheels, and attached to the rotating casing. A pulley supported by an axle, a human-powered driving force input unit provided via an elastic body between the pulley and a human-powered driving force, and a contraction amount of the elastic body attached to the fixed-side casing. An electric motor that rotates the pulley in accordance with the driving force, and the human-powered driving force input unit is formed of a flange made of a disk having a diameter larger than that of the opening, and the flange is twisted with the pulley by an amount of contraction of the elastic body. An electric vehicle with auxiliary power, characterized by rotating. 2. The electric vehicle with auxiliary power according to claim 1, wherein a bearing is provided between the pulley and the axle, and the flange is disposed so as to cover the bearing. 3. The electric vehicle with auxiliary power according to claim 1, wherein the flange is located inside the rotating casing. 4. The electric vehicle with auxiliary power according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the flange is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the pulley. 5. The electric vehicle with auxiliary power according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is provided inside a pulley, and the flange covers the elastic body.