JPH119054A - Preventive apparatus of maladjustment of combine harvester or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an preventive apparatus of maladjustment in each adjustment setting section of a machine body by automatically judging the kind of grain when harvested and checking on the set content based on the adjustment result. SOLUTION: This apparatus applied to a combine harvester with a grain judgment means 1 capable of judging the kind of harvested grain is to automatically check on the set content of each adjustment setting section of the machine body through an adjustment check means based on each judgment result of the kind of the grain by the grain judgment means 1 and then give any information or correct the set content when the set content is different from the judgment result in the kind of the grain.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for preventing erroneous adjustment of a combine or the like, and more particularly to a device for automatically confirming the setting contents of each adjustment setting section of a machine body by judging the type of cereal during a mowing operation. Belongs to.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a combine or the like, many kinds of cereals, such as rice, wheat, and other cereals, are harvested. When the type is changed, it is necessary to correct the setting contents of each adjustment setting unit such as, for example, automatic adjustment of the number of rotations and chaff sheaves of the handling drum and karamin in the threshing device and automatic adjustment of the handling depth in the reaper. However, if you forget to modify the settings in each adjustment setting section when the type of cereal changes,
Workers must constantly check the settings of each adjustment setting section depending on the type of cereal because it will impair work accuracy, and great care must be taken to remember this check. And there is no guarantee that they will never be forgotten, and an erroneous adjustment setting will cause a reduction in work accuracy.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the setting content of each adjustment setting section of the machine body is different from the determined grain type based on the determination of the grain type, the notification or correction is automatically performed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combine or the like having a cereal judging means 1 capable of judging the type of cut cereal. An incorrect adjustment preventing device characterized in that the adjustment setting contents of each adjustment setting section 3 are automatically confirmed by the adjustment confirming means 4 and, when the setting contents are different from the determined grain type, a notification or correction is made. Configuration.

[0005]

According to the above arrangement, at the time of harvesting work in a combine or the like, the type of cereal is determined by the cereal determining means 1 by, for example, pattern comparison or the like by calculating a power spectrum from an input image by an image input device. For example, the adjustment confirmation means 4 built in a controller or the like centered on a CPU, as the adjustment setting unit 3 in the machine body 2, the rotation speed, the chaff sheave, and the depth of the handling cylinder and Karamin in the threshing device and the reaping device, etc. Automatically adjusts the settings for rice adjustment for rice and for wheat, automatically checks whether the settings are for wheat adjustment. If the type is not appropriate, a warning is issued to notify the operator, and each adjustment setting unit 3 is urged to make an appropriate correction. In addition, not only such a notification, but also a modification may be made automatically to save the labor of the operator.

[0006]

As described above, at the time of harvesting a combine or the like, the cereal judging means 1 and the adjustment confirming means 4 use the cereal judging means 1 to confirm the adjustment setting contents of each adjustment setting section 3 of the machine body 2 for the judgment of the type of cereal. If the setting is not appropriate for the type of cereal determined by this confirmation, an alarm is issued to notify the operator and prompt each adjustment setting unit 3 to make an appropriate correction, or automatically. By making corrections, as in the past, it takes a great deal of attention to remember the corrections, and it is easy to forget no matter how much attention is paid, and incorrect adjustment may cause a decrease in work accuracy. As a result, it is possible to automatically confirm or correct the appropriate adjustment setting content for the type of cereal, thereby maintaining good work accuracy.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings for a combine for harvesting cereals. FIG.
Numeral 8 denotes an overall configuration of the combine, in which a traveling device 7 having a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 6 traveling on the soil surface is disposed below the chassis 5, and the traveling device 7 is sandwiched by a feed chain 8 on the chassis 5. A grain tank 9 for threshing the grain culm supplied thereto and selectively collecting the threshed grains and temporarily storing the grain, and a discharge auger 9a for discharging the grains in the grain tank 9 to the outside of the machine. The threshing device 10 is mounted.

At the front side of the threshing device 10, a weeding body 11 for weeding the trichomes from the front end position, a raising part 12 for causing the weeded cereals, and a cutting blade for cutting the raised cereals. Section 13 and a scraping transporting section 1 for transporting the cut culm backward and delivering it to the feed chain 8
4, and a mowing device 16 having a supply transporting unit 15 and the like that takes over the transported grain culm from the scraping transporting unit 14 so as to be able to move up and down on the soil surface.

An operation device 17 for controlling the operation of the combine is provided on one side of the reaper 16 and an operation seat 1 for this operation.
An engine 19 is mounted below the operation seat 18 and the grain tank 9 is arranged on the rear side.
Such a traveling device 7, a threshing device 10, a reaper 16,
The operating device 17, the engine 19 and the like constitute the combine body 2.

[0010] The feeding and transporting section 15 of the reaper 16 has an ear transporting section 20 for holding and transporting the spike side of the grain stalk in an ear feeding lug 20a, and a stock side with a stock feeding chain 21a. The stock carrier transporting section 21 to be transported is provided separately at the upper and lower positions, and the flow of the grain culm in the transporting path is imaged above the grain culm transporting path formed by the supply transporting section 15. An electronic camera 22 as an image input device is fixedly provided at an image-capturable position.

A handling depth setting section 3a for adjusting the grain culms conveyed by the supply / conveyance section 15 to a side where the handling depth is increased and a side where the handling depth is reduced, and transferring the grain to the feed chain 8; A vehicle speed setting unit 3b that adjusts the vehicle speed by 7 to a faster side and a slower side is configured as each adjustment setting unit 3. As shown in FIG. 8, the threshing apparatus 10 is provided with a threshing chamber 23 on the upper side and a sorting chamber 24 on the lower side, and a handling drum 25 is directed from the inlet side to the outlet side in the threshing chamber 23. And a feed chain 8 for pinching and transporting the cereal stem along the front cereal culm passage is provided, and a handling cylinder setting unit 3 c for setting the number of rotations of the handling cylinder 25 is provided in each of the adjustment setting units 3. It is constituted as.

In the sorting room 24, threshing processing is performed on the net 2
A vertically long swinging sorting shelf 27 that sorts while threshing the threshing material leaked from 6 while swinging and transporting it is erected along the axial direction of the handling cylinder 25 with its entrance side being a good side and facing the exit side. At the lower side on the upper side of the swinging sorting shelf 27, a Karino 28 that generates a sorting wind by the rotation of the blades is arranged, and a wind setting section 3d that adjusts the wind force of the Karino 28 is configured as each adjustment setting section 3.

The swing sorting shelf 27 includes a rack-shaped transfer shelf 27a for transferring thresh from the upper side, an armor-shaped chaff sheave 27b for taking over the thresh from the transfer shelves 27a, and a chaff sheave 27b. Subsequently, a saw-shaped straw rack 27c that receives impurities and threshing straw chips that do not leak from the sheave 27b and roughly sorts them, and a mesh-shaped sieve 27d that further finely sorts the medium-sorted materials that leak from the chaff sheave 27b. And the opening setting section 3 e for adjusting the opening of the chaff sheave 27 b is configured as each adjustment setting section 3.

A cereal judging means 1 for performing various arithmetic controls mainly by the CPU and judging the kind of cereal, and an adjustment confirming device for confirming the adjustment setting contents of each adjustment setting section 3 based on the judgment result of this judging means 1. 4 is provided, and as shown in FIG.
The electronic camera 22, the handling depth setting unit 3a,
The vehicle speed setting unit 3b, the handling cylinder setting unit 3c, the wind power setting unit 3d, the opening degree setting unit 3e, and the like are connected to each other.
A buzzer 30 for notifying an alarm is connected to each actuator 31 for adjusting and correcting each adjustment setting unit 3 and the like.

The grain stalks cut off by the cutting device 16 are passed from the scraping transport unit 14 to the supply transport unit 15, where the spike side of the supply transport unit 15 is held by the head transport unit 20 and the stock is transported by the stock transport unit 21. By holding the original side, the stock side is delivered to and sandwiched by the feed chain 8, and the tip side is sent to the entrance of the handling cylinder 25. The grain stalks nipped and conveyed by the feed chain 8 are threshed by the handling drum 25 in the threshing room 23, and threshing material that has leaked from the handling net 26 due to the threshing falls onto the swing sorting shelf 27 of the sorting room 24, The falling objects are moved from the transfer shelf 27a to the chaff sheave 27 by the swinging transfer action of the swing sorting shelf 27 and the sorting wind by the Karaoke 28.
b, and is sorted out, and the medium-sorted material that has leaked from the chaff sheave 27b is further sorted by the Glen Sieve 27d, and the sorted grains are conveyed to the grain tank 9.

At the time of such cutting and threshing work, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, an image 32 and an image 33 obtained by imaging the flow of the grain culm in the supply and transport section 15 of the cutting device 16 by the electronic camera 22 are input, respectively. The input images 32 and 33 are sent to the controller 29, and as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
Area 32a with point sections 511 and 293
Is set, and in the input image 33, the analysis area 33a is set by the point sections of 0, 326 and 511, 453 from the pixels on the horizontal and vertical axes. The setting of the analysis area is not limited to the present invention, and can be set freely.

The power spectrum distribution 32b and the power spectrum distribution 33b can be obtained as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 by measuring the change in the luminance of the two analysis areas 32a and 33a and performing the frequency analysis. These two power spectrum distributions 32b and 33b are binarized by the cereal determination means 1 at a predetermined intensity value or more. As shown in FIG. 2, the two binarized patterns are superimposed on the X-axis and the Y-axis, and from the different patterns, the spread of the power spectrum distribution 33b is linear in one direction. The wheat was determined to indicate a substantially linear conveyance posture from the stock to the head, and the power spectrum distribution 32 was determined.
In b, since another spread occurs in the direction intersecting with the culm direction, it is determined that the rice is a rice that indicates a complicated transport posture due to the direction of the leaves or the bending of the tip of the spike. Note that the intensity value of the power spectrum distribution is different between wheat and rice, and rice is higher than wheat.

As shown in the flow chart of FIG. 1, based on the highly accurate judgment by comparing the pattern of rice and wheat, the adjustment confirmation means 4 first sets each adjustment setting unit 3, that is, the reaper, when the judgment is rice. Depth setting part 3 in 16
a, the vehicle speed setting unit 3b of the traveling device 7, and the adjustment setting contents of the handling cylinder setting unit 3c, the wind power setting unit 3d, the opening degree setting unit 3e, etc. of the threshing device 10 are measured, and the measurement result is appropriate. Then, if it is not appropriate, an alarm is issued by the buzzer 30 and the operator is notified to urge the operator to make an appropriate correction. Also, in the case where the judgment is made on wheat, the same check is made as in the case of rice.

Incidentally, at the same time as the alarm by the buzzer 30,
Alternatively, in order to optimize the setting content of each adjustment setting unit 3 separately from the alarm, the adjustment may be automatically corrected by each actuator 31 or the like. Also, as shown in FIG.
As an analysis area for performing a plurality of detection evaluations for obtaining necessary information in the input image 34 while inputting an image 34 of the flow of the cereal culm in the supply and transport unit 15 of the reaper 16, for example, An analysis area A for detecting the supply state, an analysis area B for detecting the boundary between the spike and the culm, and an analysis area C for detecting the length of the spike are selected and set.

As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11, the image analysis in each of the analysis areas A, B and C is performed by setting the analysis areas A, B and C → frequency analysis → power spectrum calculation → mask processing → inverse frequency analysis → An analysis process is performed by a process of image reconstruction → histogram calculation → threshold value calculation → binarized image and the like, and by such image analysis, the state of the grain culm supplied from the reaper 16 to the threshing device 10 can be determined as From the three images 34, the supply state of the grain culm, the boundary between the ear part and the culm part,
By performing evaluations based on many factors such as the length of ears, it is possible to detect in a timely manner the necessary information on the feed grain culm that greatly affects the results of threshing, sorting, etc., and to simplify and reduce the image analysis system, etc. Cost can be reduced.

Further, since the flow of the cereal culm in the supply and transport section 15 of the reaper 16 is particularly disturbed in wheat and the like, and the threshing performance tends to be reduced, as shown in FIGS.
While inputting the image 35 and the image 36 which imaged the supply state of a grain stalk, in these both input images 35 and 36,
As shown in the flow chart of FIG. 16, an analysis area 35a and an analysis area 36a are respectively set by point divisions of 18,328, 273,455 from the pixels on the horizontal and vertical axes.

By the frequency analysis in the two analysis areas 35a and 36a, power spectrum distributions 35b and 36b as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, respectively, can be obtained.
As shown in FIG. 17, the two distributions 35b and 36b are superimposed on the X-axis and the Y-axis as a distribution state pattern having a predetermined intensity value or more, and the spread of the pattern is evaluated. When it has a spread in one direction like 35b, it indicates a state in which the flow of the cereal stem is in order,
When the pattern has an almost circular non-directional spread like the distribution 36b, it indicates a state in which the flow of the cereal stem is disturbed.

The state of such a pattern allows the turbulence state of the cereal culm to be directly checked. Therefore, when the degree of turbulence exceeds a preset degree of turbulence, a notification is made or the vehicle speed is increased to increase the flow rate of the cereal culm. By increasing the flow rate (disturbing the flow rate when the flow rate is small), the burden on the operator can be reduced, and the accuracy of grain removal and workability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure for confirming adjustment setting contents for determination of a grain type.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram comparing patterns of power spectrum distribution of cereals (rice and wheat).

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining the type of cereal by image analysis.

FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing a transport state of a grain culm supplied to a threshing apparatus, which is captured by an electronic camera.

FIG. 5 is an image diagram showing a state of conveying a grain culm supplied to a threshing apparatus, which is captured by an electronic camera.

FIG. 6 is an image diagram showing a power spectrum distribution by frequency analysis of the image diagram of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is an image diagram showing a power spectrum distribution by frequency analysis of the image diagram of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing the entire configuration of the threshing apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an automatic circuit based on image information of an electronic camera.

FIG. 10 is an image diagram showing a state of conveyance of a grain culm supplied to a threshing apparatus, which is captured by an electronic camera.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure for performing image analysis on a plurality of analysis regions in the image diagram of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is an image diagram showing a state of conveying grain culms supplied to a threshing apparatus, which is captured by an electronic camera.

FIG. 13 is an image diagram showing a state of transport of a grain culm supplied to a threshing apparatus, which is captured by an electronic camera.

14 is an image diagram showing a power spectrum distribution by frequency analysis of the image diagram of FIG.

FIG. 15 is an image diagram showing a power spectrum distribution by frequency analysis of the image diagram of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a procedure for evaluating the conveying posture of the grain stem by image analysis.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram comparing patterns of power spectrum distribution in the conveying posture of a grain culm.

FIG. 18 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the combine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Grain determination means 2. Airframe 3. Each adjustment setting section 4. Adjustment confirmation means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a combine or the like having a grain determining means 1 capable of determining the type of cut cereal, an adjustment setting of each adjustment setting unit 3 of the machine body 2 with respect to a result of the type determination of the grain by the grain determining means 1. A misadjustment prevention apparatus characterized in that the contents are automatically checked by the adjustment check means 4, and when the set contents are different from the determined type of cereal, a notification or correction is made.