JP2022175695A - support system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a support system that allows whether or not a loss in a threshing treatment is appropriate to be grasped.SOLUTION: A support system 1 for supporting harvesting work of a harvester 3 equipped with a harvesting part for harvesting crops in a farm field and a thresher 10 for executing a threshing treatment to crops harvested by the harvesting part includes: a primary product sensor 60 for measuring a collection amount of primary products of selection products selected by a selection part of the harvester 3, a secondary product sensor 70 for measuring a returned amount of secondary products of selection products returned to the selection part of the harvester 3, and a loss rate estimation unit 80 for estimating a loss rate of threshed products in the selection by the selection part on the basis of the collection amount of primary products and the returned amount of the secondary products.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a support system that supports harvesting work of a harvester that includes a harvesting unit that harvests crops in a field and a threshing device that threshes the crops harvested by the harvesting unit.

Conventionally, a harvester is used to harvest crops in a field. As such a harvester, for example, there is a combine disclosed in Patent Document 1.

The combine described in Patent Document 1 is equipped with a threshing device that thresh harvested grain culms, and a first conveying device that conveys the first threshing processing of the threshing device to a grain tank, and a threshing processing of the threshing device. A second conveying device for returning the second grain to the threshing device and a loss sensor for detecting the loss of grains in the threshing process of the threshing device are provided.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2021-23117

It is useful to detect the loss of grains during threshing as in the technique described in Patent Document 1. However, since the loss detected by such a loss sensor is an absolute value, for example, depending on the amount of threshed material, quality determination may differ even if the absolute value is the same. Therefore, there is room for improvement in determining whether the loss in the threshing process is permissible, that is, whether the loss in the threshing process is appropriate.

Therefore, there is a demand for a support system capable of grasping whether or not the loss in the threshing process is appropriate.

The support system according to the present invention is characterized in that it supports the harvesting operation of a harvesting machine that includes a harvesting unit that harvests crops in a field and a threshing device that threshes the crops harvested by the harvesting unit. A system, wherein the threshing device comprises a threshing unit for threshing the crops, a sorting unit provided below the threshing unit for sorting the threshed material leaked from the threshing unit, and the sorting unit. A first product recovery unit that recovers the first product out of the sorted products sorted by, a second product recovery unit that recovers the second product out of the sorted products, and the second product recovery unit a second product returning device for returning the collected second product to the sorting unit, the first product sensor measuring the recovered amount of the first product as the first product recovery amount; A secondary product sensor that measures the amount of the secondary product returned as the secondary product return amount, and a loss rate of the threshed product in the sorting process based on the primary product recovery amount and the secondary product return amount and a loss rate estimator for estimating .

With such a characteristic configuration, by estimating the loss rate based on the first harvest amount and the second harvest return amount, it is possible to quantitatively estimate the ratio of the loss to the threshed material. Therefore, it becomes possible to grasp whether the loss in the threshing process is appropriate.

Further, it is preferable that the loss rate estimating unit estimates the loss rate by dividing the return amount of the second item by the sum of the collected amount of the first item and the return amount of the second item.

With such a configuration, the loss rate can be estimated by using the detection results of the first and second sensors. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to provide a loss sensor for detecting loss, resulting in low cost. can be realized by

Further, it is preferable that the first product recovery amount and the second product return amount used for estimation by the loss rate estimating unit are measured at different timings.

With such a configuration, the time from when the threshed product is sorted by the sorting unit to the time when it is collected by the first product recovery unit, Even if the time until collection is different from each other, the loss rate at the timing you want to measure can be calculated by using the first product recovery amount and the second product return amount measured at the timing corresponding to each time. can be estimated with high accuracy.

Moreover, it is preferable to provide a display section for displaying the estimated loss rate.

With such a configuration, it is possible to clearly indicate the loss rate to the operator.

Further, the threshing device can change the setting of the threshing process based on the threshing parameter, and a setting unit that sets the threshing parameter so as to reduce the loss rate based on the estimated loss rate is preferably provided.

With such a configuration, it is possible to perform the sorting process so as to increase the collection amount of the first product. Therefore, it becomes possible to increase the yield.

Also, it is preferable that the loss rate estimating unit estimates in real time during the harvesting work.

With such a configuration, it is possible to know the loss rate at the timing when the harvesting work is being performed. As a result, for example, by changing the settings of the threshing process in real time, it is possible to increase the amount of the first crop collected and increase the yield.

It is a right view of a combine. It is a longitudinal left side view of a threshing device. It is a front view of a grain tank, a grain lifting device, and a threshing device. It is a figure which shows the example of installation of the first thing sensor. It is a figure which shows the installation example of a second thing sensor. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a support system. It is explanatory drawing of the measurement timing of the measurement of the amount of recovery of the first item, and the measurement of the amount of return of the second item. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a loss rate and a contamination rate of contaminants.

A support system according to the present invention is configured to support a harvesting operation of a harvester having a harvesting section for harvesting crops in a field and a threshing device for threshing the crops harvested by the harvesting section. there is The support system 1 of this embodiment will be described below. Moreover, in this embodiment, the combine 3 is mentioned as an example and demonstrated as a harvester.

FIG. 1 is an overall right side view of a combine harvester 3 according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal left side view of the threshing device 10 provided in the combine 3 according to this embodiment. In addition, below, the combine which throws in the whole culm of the harvested crops to the threshing apparatus 10, what is called a common combine is mentioned as an example about the combine 3 of this embodiment, and is demonstrated below. Of course, the combine 3 may be a self-throwing combine. Moreover, although a crawler-type combine is mentioned as an example and demonstrated in this embodiment, a wheel-type combine may be used.

Here, for ease of understanding, in the present embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "front" (the direction of arrow F shown in FIG. 1) means forward in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft (running direction). "Rear" (the direction of arrow B shown in FIG. 1) means the rear in the longitudinal direction (running direction) of the aircraft. Moreover, the left-right direction or the lateral direction shall mean the body transverse direction (body width direction) perpendicular to the body longitudinal direction. Furthermore, "up" (the direction of arrow U shown in Figure 1) and "down" (the direction of arrow D shown in Figure 1) is the positional relationship in the vertical direction (vertical direction) of the airframe, and at ground level shall indicate the relationship. Also, "left" is the left side of the fuselage, and "right" is the right side of the fuselage.

[Overall configuration of combine harvester]
As shown in FIG. 1 , the combine 3 includes a harvesting section H, a threshing device 10 , a crawler-type traveling device 11 , an operating section 12 , a grain tank 14 , a conveying section 16 and a grain discharging device 18 .

The travel device 11 is provided at the lower portion of the combine harvester 3 . Further, the travel device 11 is driven by power from an engine E mounted on the combine 3 . The combine 3 can be self-propelled by the travel device 11 .

The threshing device 10 , the operating section 12 and the grain tank 14 are provided above the travel device 11 . An operator can board the operation section 12 . The grain discharging device 18 is provided above the grain tank 14 .

A harvesting section H is provided at the front of the combine 3 . The conveying section 16 is provided on the rear side of the harvesting section H. As shown in FIG. Harvesting section H also includes cutting device 15 and reel 17 .

The cutting device 15 cuts planted grain culms in the field. Further, the reel 17 rakes the planted grain culms to be harvested while being rotationally driven around the reel axis 17b along the left-right direction of the machine body. The harvested culms harvested by the cutting device 15 are sent to the conveying section 16 .

With this configuration, the harvesting section H harvests the grains in the field. The combine 3 is capable of reaping travel in which the traveling device 11 travels while the cutting device 15 reaps planted grain stalks in a field.

The crops (harvested culms) harvested by the harvesting section H are conveyed to the rear of the machine body by the conveying section 16 . As a result, the harvested grain culms are conveyed to the threshing device 10 .

In the threshing device 10, harvested grain culms are threshed. Grains obtained by the threshing process are stored in the grain tank 14 . The grains stored in the grain tank 14 are discharged out of the machine by the grain discharging device 18 as required.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the communication terminal 4 is arranged in the operating section 12 . The communication terminal 4 is configured to be able to display various information. In FIG. 1, the communication terminal 4 is fixed to the operation unit 12, but the communication terminal 4 may be detachable from the operation unit 12. It may be positioned outside the combine harvester 3 .

[Configuration of threshing device]
As shown in FIG. 2, the threshing apparatus 10 includes a threshing section 41 for threshing crops with a threshing cylinder 22, a sorting section 42 for swing sorting the threshed material, a first product recovery section 26, and a second product recovery section 26. It comprises an item recovery unit 27 and a second item return device 32 .

The threshing part 41 is arranged in the upper region of the threshing device 10 , the receiving net 23 is provided below the threshing part 41 , and the sorting part 42 is provided below the receiving net 23 . The sorting unit 42 sorts the threshed material leaking down from the receiving net 23 into sorted material containing grains to be collected and waste such as waste straw.

The threshing part 41 includes a threshing chamber 21 surrounded by left and right side walls of the threshing device 10 , a top plate 53 and a receiving net 23 . The threshing chamber 21 is provided with a threshing cylinder 22 for threshing the crops by rotation and a plurality of dust feed valves 53a. The crops conveyed by the conveying unit 16 are put into a threshing chamber 21 and threshed by a threshing cylinder 22 . The crops entrained by the handling drum 22 are transferred rearward by the feeding action of the dust feed valve 53a.

The dust valves 53a are plate-shaped, and are provided on the inner surface (lower surface) of the top plate 53 at predetermined intervals along the front-rear direction. The dust feed valve 53a is provided in a posture that is inclined with respect to the rotation axis X in a plan view. Therefore, each dust feed valve 53a exerts a force to move the harvested grain culms rotating together with the squeezing drum 22 in the sifting chamber 21 to the rear side. In addition, the dust valve 53a can adjust the tilt angle with respect to the rotation axis X. As shown in FIG. The speed at which the crops are fed rearward in the handling drum 22 is determined by the tilt angle of the dust feed valve 53a. Moreover, the threshing efficiency with which the crops are threshed is also affected by the speed at which the crops are fed through the threshing cylinder 22 . As a result, the throughput at which crops are threshed can be adjusted using various means, one of which is changing the tilt angle of the dust valve 53a. Although not shown, a dust valve control mechanism capable of changing and controlling the tilting attitude of the dust valve 53a is provided, and the tilt angle of the dust valve 53a can be automatically changed.

The sorting unit 42 includes a swing sorting device 24 having a sieve case 33 and a winnow 19 . The winnow 19 is provided in the lower area of the front area of the sorting section 42 and generates a sorting wind from the front side toward the rear of the rocking sorting device 24 along the conveying direction of the processed material. The sorting wind has the effect of sending out the discharged straw or the like, which has a relatively low specific gravity, toward the rear side of the sheave case 33 . In the rocking sorting device 24, the sheave case 33 is rocked by the rocking drive mechanism 43, whereby the rocking sorting process is performed while the threshed material inside the sheave case 33 is transferred backward. For this reason, in the following description, in the swing sorting device 24, the upstream side in the conveying direction of the processed material is referred to as the front end or front side, and the downstream side is referred to as the rear end or rear side. It should be noted that the sorting wind of the winnow 19 can be changed in strength (air volume, wind speed). When the sorting wind is strong, it becomes easier to send the threshed material backward, and the sorting speed increases. Conversely, if the sorting wind is weakened, the threshed material stays in the sieve case 33 for a long time, and the sorting accuracy increases. Therefore, by changing the strength of the sorting wind of the winnow 19, the sorting efficiency (sorting accuracy and sorting speed) of the swing sorting device 24 can be adjusted. Although not shown, a winnow control mechanism capable of changing and controlling the intensity of the sorting wind of the winnow 19 is provided, and the intensity of the sorting wind of the winnow 19 can be automatically changed.

A first chaff sheave 38 is provided in the front half of the sheave case 33 , and a second chaff sheave 39 is provided in the rear half of the sheave case 33 . The sieve case 33 is provided with a grain pan and a grain sieve 40 in addition to the first chaff sieve 38 and the like, although no particular description will be given because it has a general configuration. The threshed material that has leaked down the receiving net 23 falls on the first chaff sieve 38 and the second chaff sieve 39 . Most of the threshed material leaks from the receiving net 23 to the front half of the sieve case 33 including the first chaff sieve 38 and is roughly sorted and finely sorted by the front half of the sieve case 33 . A part of the threshed material leaks from the receiving net 23 to the second chaff sieve 39, or is transferred to the second chaff sieve 39 without leaking at the first chaff sieve 38, and the second chaff sieve 39 Leakage is sorted in.

Below the first chaff sieve 38, the grain sieve 40 is provided. That is, the swing sorting device 24 has a grain sieve 40 provided below the first chaff sieve 38 . The grain sieve 40 is composed of a perforated member such as a punching metal or a mesh body, and receives the threshed material leaking from the first chaff sieve 38 and sorts it out.

Below the front half of the sieve case 33, a screw type first article recovery section 26 is provided, and below the latter half of the sieve case 33, a screw type second article recovery section 27 is provided. The first thing that has been sorted and leaked by the first half of the sieve case 33, that is, the first thing among the sorted things sorted by the sorting unit 42 is recovered by the first thing recovery unit 26, It is conveyed toward the grain tank 14 side (the right side in the left-right direction of the machine body). The second material (generally, the accuracy of the sorting process is low and the ratio of straws is high) that has been sorted by the latter half of the sieve case 33 (second chaff sieve 39) and has leaked, that is, the sorted material The second product is recovered by the second product recovery unit 27 . The second product corresponds to a threshed product that was not sorted out of the threshed products. The second product recovered by the second product recovery unit 27 is returned to the front part of the sorting unit 42 by the second product returning device 32 and is sorted again by the sieve case 33 .

The first chaff sieve 38 is provided with a plurality of plate-shaped chaff lip provided along the transfer (conveyance) direction (front-rear direction) of the threshed material. Each chaflip is arranged in a tilted attitude toward an obliquely upward direction toward the rear end side. The inclination angle of the chaff lip is variable, and the steeper the inclination angle, the wider the interval between the adjacent chaff lip and the easier the leakage of the threshed material. That is, it is configured such that the leakage opening can be changed by changing the attitude of a plurality of chaflips. Therefore, the sorting efficiency (sorting accuracy and sorting speed) of the rocking sorting device 24 can be adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the chaff. A lip control mechanism capable of changing and controlling the inclination posture of the chaflip is provided, and the inclination angle of the chaflip can be automatically changed.

The second chaff sieve 39 also has the same configuration as the first chaff sieve 38 . An angle control mechanism capable of changing and controlling the inclination attitude of the chaff lip of the second chaff sheave 39 is also provided, and the inclination angle of the chaff lip can be automatically changed.

3 is a front view of the grain tank 14, the grain lifting device 29, and the threshing device 10, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal right side view of the grain lifting device 29. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a grain lifting device 29 is provided for conveying the sorted grains collected by the first grain collecting section 26 to the grain tank 14 . The grain lifting device 29 is arranged between the threshing device 10 and the grain tank 14 and erected in a vertical direction. The grain lifting device 29 is configured as a bucket conveyor type. The sorted material lifted by the grain lifting device 29 is transferred to the lateral feed conveying device 30 at the upper end portion of the grain lifting device 29 . The traverse conveying device 30 is connected to the grain lifting device 29 in an adjacent state. The traversing conveying device 30 is configured as a screw conveyor, and thrusts into the grain tank 14 from the front left wall portion of the grain tank 14 . The lateral feed conveying device 30 has a screw portion 30S that rotates around the body lateral axis Y1. A grain discharging device 30A is provided at the end portion of the lateral feed conveying device 30 on the inner side of the tank, and sorted materials (grains) are discharged via a plate-shaped discharging rotating body 30B provided in the grain discharging device 30A. and thrown into the grain tank 14.

In the grain lifting device 29, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of buckets 31 are attached at regular intervals to the outer peripheral side of an endless rotating chain 29C wound over the drive sprocket 29A and the driven sprocket 29B. there is The grain raising device 29 includes a feed path 29D along which a bucket 31 storing the sorted material rises, and a return path 29E along which the bucket 31 descends after the sorted material has been discharged to the transverse conveying device 30 . The feed path 29D and the return path 29E are arranged side by side along the left side wall 14a of the grain tank 14 so that the feed path 29D is on the rear side.

A first product sensor 60 is provided between the hoisting device 29 and the transverse conveying device 30 . The first product sensor 60 is arranged at the upper end of the hoisting device 29 to measure the amount of sorted products transferred from the bucket 31 to the traverse conveying device 30 . The first grain sensor 60 measures the amount of the first grain collected by the first grain collecting unit 26 as the first grain collection amount. . The first product sensor 60 is provided on a bulging portion 65 provided on the top plate 61 of the grain lifting device 29 and has an arm portion 63 supported by the bulging portion 65 so as to be swingable. The grain thrown from the bucket 31 causes the arm portion 63 to swing, and the amount of the first grain collected is measured based on the swing angle.

As described above, the second product is returned by the second product returning device 32 to the upstream side, which is the front part of the swing sorting device 24 . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the secondary product discharge port 32A of the secondary product return device 32 is positioned radially outside the arc-shaped receiving net 23 (at the side of the receiving net 23 and , a position where the second product does not pass through the receiving net 23), and the second product is discharged at this position. The second product sensor 70 measures the return amount of the second product returned by the second product return device 32 as the second product return amount. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the second product sensor 70 is provided at the second product discharge port 32A of the second product return device 32 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the second article discharge port 32A is provided toward the receiving net 23 side. As shown in FIG. 5, in the vicinity of the secondary product discharge port 32A, a rotating vane 32B that rotates together with the screw constituting the secondary product reducing device 32 is provided. The second product is discharged radially outward from the second product discharge port 32A by the rotating vane 32B through an insertion hole formed in the side wall 50 of the threshing section 41 . The released second object is guided by the guide portion 32C toward the swing arm portion 72 of the second object sensor 70 . As a result, the second item swings the swing arm portion 72, and the return amount of the second item is measured based on the swing angle.

Next, estimation of the loss rate by the support system 1 will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing functional units related to loss rate estimation by the support system 1. As shown in FIG. The support system 1 includes, as shown in FIG. It is composed of a section 84 and a setting section 85 .

The first product sensor 60 measures the amount of the first product collected by the first product collecting unit 26 as described above. The measurement results of the best product sensor 60 are associated with time information indicating the time of measurement, and are sequentially stored in the best product measurement result storage unit 68 . The measurement result of the first product sensor 60 stored in the first product measurement result storage unit 68 may be deleted after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, or may be deleted according to a user's deletion instruction.

The second product sensor 70 measures the return amount of the second product returned by the second product return device 32 as described above. The measurement result of the secondary object sensor 70 is associated with the time information indicating the measured time, and is sequentially stored in the secondary object measurement result storage unit 78 . The measurement result of the second product sensor 70 stored in the second product measurement result storage unit 78 may be deleted after a predetermined time has elapsed, or may be deleted according to a user's deletion instruction.

The loss rate estimating unit 80 estimates the loss rate of the threshed material in the sorting process based on the amount of recovered first material and the amount of returned second material. The first product recovery amount is obtained from the first product measurement result storage unit 68 described above, and the second product return amount is obtained from the second product measurement result storage unit 78 described above. The sorting process is a process in which the sorting unit 42 sorts out the first crop from the crops threshed by the threshing unit 41 . The loss rate of the threshed product is the grain that should be recovered by the first product recovery unit 26 as the first product for a predetermined amount of grains. The proportion of grain not recovered by unit 26 corresponds.

Therefore, the loss rate estimating unit 80 calculates the amount of the first crop collected from the first crop measurement result storage unit 68 and the return amount of the second crop obtained from the second crop measurement result storage unit 78. In the processing in which the sorting unit 42 sorts out the first product from the crops threshed by The percentage of grains that were not collected by the first grain collecting unit 26 even though they were present is estimated.

In the present embodiment, the "predetermined amount of grains" described above corresponds to the sum of the amount of recovered first crop and the amount of returned second crop. Assuming that the amount of recovered first product is M1 and the amount of returned second product is M2, the loss rate L is estimated based on the formula (1).

したがって、ロス率推定部８０は、二番物還元量を、一番物回収量と二番物還元量との和で除してロス率を推定する。

Therefore, the loss rate estimating unit 80 divides the return amount of the second item by the sum of the collected amount of the first item and the return amount of the second item to estimate the loss rate.

Here, in the present embodiment, the first crop collected by the first crop collecting unit 26 is measured as the first crop collection amount by the first crop sensor 60. , it takes a first time ("t1") to reach the position detected by the first object sensor 60. FIG. This first time t1 includes the above-described recovery by the first product recovery unit 26, upward transportation by the bucket 31 of the grain lifting device 29, and transportation from the bucket 31 to the lateral feed conveying device 30 at the upper end of the grain lifting device 29. It corresponds to the time required for delivery (strictly speaking, the time until the grain discharged from the bucket 31 hits the arm portion 63).

On the other hand, the second crop collected by the second crop recovery unit 27 is measured as the second crop return amount by the second crop sensor 70, but after the harvested crops enter the threshing device 10, the second crop sensor It takes a second time (denoted as “t2”) to reach the position detected by 70 . This second time t2 includes collection by the above-described secondary product recovery unit 27, transportation to the secondary product discharge port 32A by the secondary product return device 32, and discharge radially outward from the secondary product discharge port 32A. (Strictly speaking, it corresponds to the time until the grain discharged from the second product discharge port 32A hits the swing arm portion 72).

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the first time t1 is from the timing T1 when the crop enters the threshing device 10 after the harvesting section H starts harvesting the crop as the combine 3 runs. The second time t2 corresponds to the time until timing T2 when the first product sensor 60 starts measuring the amount of recovered first product, and the second time t2 is from timing T1 to the measurement of the return amount of the second product by the second product sensor 70. is started until timing T3. The first time t1 and the second time t2 may have a difference (time difference) and may differ from each other. For this reason, it is also possible to set the first product recovery amount and the second product return amount that are used when the loss rate estimating unit 80 estimates, at different timings. As described above, the first item measurement result storage unit 68 stores the measurement result of the first item sensor 60 in association with the time information indicating the time when the first item sensor 60 measured the second item measurement result. The result storage unit 78 stores the measurement result of the secondary object sensor 70 in association with the time information indicating the time when the secondary object sensor 70 measured. Therefore, the loss rate estimating unit 80 considers the first time t1 and the second time t2 with respect to the timing at which the loss rate is to be calculated, and calculates the amount of the first item collected as the first item measurement result. It is preferable to acquire from the storage unit 68 and to acquire the second product return amount from the second product measurement result storage unit 78 . As a result, it is possible to estimate the loss rate by using the appropriate first recovery amount and second return amount at the timing when the loss rate is desired to be calculated.

Moreover, it is preferable that the loss rate estimating unit 80 estimates the loss rate in real time during the harvesting work. As a result, the loss rate estimating unit 80 estimates the loss rate of the threshed material while the combine harvester 3 is currently harvesting. It becomes possible to easily grasp whether or not the threshing process is appropriate.

Returning to FIG. 6, the display unit 84 is configured to display the estimated loss rate. The display unit 84 corresponds to a display device having a display screen capable of displaying various types of information. In this embodiment, as described above, the communication terminal 4 is arranged in the operation section 12, and the communication terminal 4 is configured to be able to display various information. The display unit 84 can be used together with the display device of the communication terminal 4 . Of course, the display unit 84 may be provided separately from the communication terminal 4 .

When the loss rate estimating section 80 estimates the loss rate in real time, it is preferable to display the loss rate on the display section 84 in real time. By displaying the loss rate estimated by the loss rate estimating section 80 on the display section 84, the operator can easily grasp the loss rate. Further, the loss rate displayed on the display unit 84 may be displayed as a numerical value of the estimated loss rate, or may be displayed as a graph that changes along the time series.

Based on the estimated loss rate, the setting unit 85 sets the threshing parameters so as to reduce the loss rate. The estimated loss rate is the loss rate of the threshed material estimated by the loss rate estimation unit 80 . The threshing parameter is a device setting value that can change the setting of the threshing device 10, and specifically, a parameter that can change the setting related to threshing of the threshing unit 41 provided in the threshing device 10, and a parameter related to sorting of the sorting unit 42 Configurable parameters correspond. The parameters that can change the settings related to threshing in the threshing unit 41 correspond to the set values for setting the rotation speed of the rotation spindle of the threshing cylinder 22 and the set values for setting the mounting angle of the dust valve 53a with respect to the top plate 53. do. The parameters that can change the settings related to sorting in the sorting unit 42 include the set value for setting the air volume of the sorting wind from the winnow 19, the set value for setting the leakage opening degree of the chaff sieve, corresponds to a set value for setting the rocking speed and amount of rocking of the rocking drive mechanism 43 that rocks. Furthermore, by increasing or decreasing the running speed of the combine 3, it is possible to change the amount of crops harvested by the combine 3. Such running speed of the combine 3 is also included in the threshing parameters.

The setting unit 85 is set so that the loss rate is reduced, that is, the setting related to the sorting of the rocking sorting device 24, that is, the amount of the first product recovered by the first product recovery unit 26 with respect to the amount of processed products leaking from the receiving net 23 The threshing parameters are set so that the degree of sorting (or sorting efficiency), which is the ratio of the amount of the first crop, is appropriate.

The threshing device 10 performs threshing processing based on the threshing parameters set by the setting unit 85 . That is, the setting unit 85 controls the threshing unit 41 and the sorting unit 42 of the threshing device 10 using the threshing parameters described above. Therefore, the setting unit 85 is performing feedback control so as to reduce the loss rate based on the measurement results of the first product sensor 60 and the second product sensor 70, and the harvesting work can be appropriately performed. becomes possible.

FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the result of estimation by the loss rate estimator 80 based on the formula (1) described above, the actual loss rate, and the ratio of contaminants contained in the sorted material. As shown in FIG. 8, as L increases, the loss rate increases, but the ratio of contaminants decreases. On the other hand, the smaller the value of L, the smaller the loss rate, but the larger the proportion of contaminants. Therefore, the setting unit 85 sets a parameter capable of changing the setting regarding the threshing of the threshing unit 41 and the parameter capable of changing the setting regarding the sorting of the sorting unit 42 so that the second harvest amount does not exceed a predetermined value. good. Also, if the setting of these parameters makes it impossible to reduce the amount of the second harvest, the vehicle speed of the combine harvester 3 should be slowed down.

Specifically, the larger the estimation result L (loss rate L) by the loss rate estimating unit 80, the larger the leakage opening. air volume is increased. When the estimation result L by the loss rate estimating unit 80 is large, the first item is not collected by the swing sorting device 24 and the second item is not returned, and the third number is sent backward from the swing sorting device 24. There is a possibility that the amount to be transported as goods is large. Therefore, when the estimation result L by the loss rate estimating unit 80 is large, the leakage opening of the chaff sieve is set large so that the sorted material leaks to the first product recovery unit 26 and the second product recovery unit 27. By increasing the air volume of the sorting wind of the winnow 19, it becomes possible to convey things other than the sorted products to the rear of the swing sorting device 24.例文帳に追加As a result, it is possible to reduce the number 3 loss that is conveyed as the number 3 product. On the other hand, when the estimation result L by the loss rate estimating unit 80 is small, the sorting accuracy is too high, and the amount that is conveyed to the second item collecting unit 27 without being collected as the first item in the swing sorting device 24 is small. There are many possibilities. Therefore, when the estimation result L by the loss rate estimating unit 80 is small, the leakage opening of the chaff sieve is set large to make it easier for the sorted material to leak to the first item collecting unit 26, and the sorting of the winnow 19 By reducing the amount of wind, it is possible to make it difficult to transport the sorted objects to the rear of the swing sorting device 24 . As a result, it can be easily collected as the first thing.

Further, in some cases, even if the leakage opening of the chaff sieve is increased and the air volume of the sorting wind of the winnow 19 is increased, it is assumed that the estimation result L by the loss rate estimation unit 80 will not decrease. However, this is due to too much crop being fed to the thresher 10 . Therefore, even if the leakage opening of the chaff sieve is increased and the air volume of the sorting wind of the winnow 19 is increased, if the estimation result L by the loss rate estimating unit 80 does not decrease, the traveling speed of the combine harvester 3 is increased. It is preferable to reduce As a result, the amount of crops supplied to the threshing device 10 is reduced, and the threshing amount and sorting amount in the threshing device 10 can be reduced, so that sorting can be performed appropriately.

[Other embodiments]
In the above-described embodiment, the first product sensor 60 is provided on the bulging portion 65 provided on the top plate 61 of the grain lifting device 29, but it is also possible to provide it at another location. Further, the first grain sensor 60 has been described as having the arm portion 63 oscillated by grains thrown from the bucket 31 and measuring the amount of the first grain collected based on the swing angle. It is also possible to calculate based on the load (for example, load current) acting on the actuator that rotates the screw of the recovery section 26 .

In the above embodiment, the second product sensor 70 is provided at the second product discharge port 32A of the second product return device 32, but it can be provided at another location. Further, the second object sensor 70 has been described as having the swinging arm portion 72 oscillated by the second object guided by the guide portion 32C and measuring the return amount of the second object based on the swing angle. For example, it is also possible to calculate based on the load (for example, load current) acting on the actuator that rotates the screw of the second article collecting section 27 .

In the above embodiment, the loss rate estimating unit 80 estimates the loss rate by dividing the second item return amount by the sum of the first item recovery amount and the second item return amount. It is also possible to estimate the loss rate based on a value obtained by dividing the collected amount by the sum of the collected amount of the first item and the return amount of the second item. In addition, for example, a predetermined weight is assigned to the amount of recovered first item and the amount of returned second item, and the loss rate is calculated based on the weighted amount of recovered first item and the returned amount of second item. It is also possible to configure Also, the loss rate estimating unit 80 can be configured to estimate the loss rate by dividing the second item return amount by the first item recovery amount.

In the above-described embodiment, the first item recovered amount and the second item returned amount used when estimating by the loss rate estimating unit 80 are described as being measured at different timings. It is also possible to use those measured at the same timing as the physical reduction amount.

In the above embodiment, the support system 1 has been described as including the display unit 84 that displays the estimated loss rate, but the support system 1 can be configured without the display unit 84 .

In the above embodiment, the setting unit 85 sets the threshing parameter so as to reduce the loss rate based on the estimated loss rate. In such a case, for example, the estimated loss rate is presented to the worker, and the worker sets the threshing parameters based on the presented loss rate, thereby appropriately performing the sorting process. It is possible.

In the above embodiment, the loss rate estimating unit 80 estimates the loss rate in real time during the harvesting work, but the loss rate estimating unit 80 is configured to estimate the loss rate after the harvesting work ends. is also possible.

In the above embodiment, the first product measurement result storage unit 68, the second product measurement result storage unit 78, the loss rate estimation unit 80, the display unit 84, and the setting unit 85 are provided in the combine harvester 3. may be provided in a management terminal with which the combine 3 can communicate.

In the above embodiment, the first item measurement result storage unit 68 stores the measurement result of the first item sensor 60 in association with the time information indicating the time when the first item sensor 60 measured the second item measurement result. Although it has been described that the result storage unit 78 stores the measurement result of the secondary sensor 70 in association with the time information indicating the time when the secondary sensor 70 measures, the measurement of the primary sensor 60 The result is associated with the position information indicating the position measured by the first object sensor 60 and stored in the first object measurement result storage unit 68, and the measurement result of the second object sensor 70 is measured by the second object sensor 70. It is also possible to configure so as to be stored in the second object measurement result storage unit 78 in association with the position information indicating the measured position. In this case, it is preferable to provide a satellite positioning module 90 functioning as a position information acquisition section for acquiring position information of the combine harvester 3 on the top surface of the operation section 12, for example.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in a support system that supports harvesting work of a harvester that includes a harvesting unit that harvests crops in a field and a threshing device that threshes the crops harvested by the harvesting unit. .

1: Support system 3: Combine (harvesting machine)
10: Threshing device 26: First product recovery unit 27: Second product recovery unit 32: Second product reduction device 41: Threshing unit 42: Sorting unit 60: First product sensor 70: Second product sensor 80: Loss rate estimation Section 84: Display Section 85: Setting Section H: Harvesting Section

Claims (6)

A support system for supporting a harvesting operation of a harvester comprising a harvesting section for harvesting crops in a field and a threshing device for threshing the crops harvested by the harvesting section,
The threshing device includes a threshing unit for threshing the crop, a sorting unit provided below the threshing unit for sorting the threshed material leaked from the threshing unit, and a sorting unit sorted by the sorting unit. A first material recovery unit that recovers the first material among the processed materials, a second material collection unit that collects the second material among the sorted materials, and the second material collection unit that collects the second material collected by the second material collection unit. a second product returning device for returning the second product to the sorting unit;
a first product sensor that measures the first product recovery amount as the first product recovery amount;
a secondary product sensor that measures the amount of the secondary product returned as the secondary product reduction amount;
a loss rate estimating unit that estimates a loss rate of the threshed material in the sorting process based on the first harvest amount and the second harvest return amount;
Support system with 2. The support system according to claim 1, wherein the loss rate estimating unit estimates the loss rate by dividing the second item return amount by the sum of the first item recovery amount and the second item return amount. 3. The support system according to claim 1, wherein said first product recovery amount and said second product return amount used when said loss rate estimating unit estimates are measured at different timings. 4. The support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a display for displaying the estimated loss rate. The threshing device can change the setting of the threshing process based on threshing parameters,
The support system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a setting unit that sets the threshing parameter so as to reduce the loss rate based on the estimated loss rate. The support system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the loss rate estimating unit estimates in real time during the harvesting work.

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