JPH1181880A - Rolling correcting method for tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate generation of large rolling for roughly completely preventing twisting phenomenon of a debris discharging belt conveyor, or generation of load on each part of a tunnel boring machine by frequently performing automatic correction of rolling without stopping boring by the tunnel boring machine during advancing of a tunnel for one span. SOLUTION: A tunnel is bored by elongating a pushing jack 8 in the condition where a front gripper 2 is slidably pressed to a tunnel bored wall surface (t) using a rear gripper 6 pressed to the tunnel bored wall surface (t) as a support point. When a rolling angle is detected by a rolling gauge 10 during boring, the front gripper 2 is contracted to release pressure to the tunnel bored wall surface 5 without stopping boring, and simultaneously, right and left jacks of a rolling correcting mechanism 5 disposed on the rear gripper 6, 6 side are actuated to correct rolling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for correcting a rolling of a tunnel excavator during excavation, which is performed during excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tunnel excavation by a tunnel excavator is
By rotating the cutter plate while pressing it against the face of the rock, the rock plate is crushed by a number of roller cutters mounted on the cutter plate. A force in a direction opposite to the direction acts, and the reaction force acts on the excavator body provided with the rotary drive mechanism, so that a so-called rolling phenomenon occurs in which the excavator body rotates in the opposite direction to the cutter plate.

When the rolling angle becomes a large angle of 2.0 degrees or more, the frame of the belt conveyor for carrying out the slip, which is supported by the excavator body in the front-rear direction, is twisted in the same direction, and the slip being carried out is spilled or excavated. The laser receiving surface attached to the front end of the excavator body moves integrally in the rolling direction, and the laser from the laser oscillator installed behind the excavator main body comes off the light receiving surface. However, there is a problem in that the device may be damaged due to a stress higher than designed.

For this reason, it is necessary to correct the above-mentioned rolling. Conventionally, as a method of correcting the rolling, an operator confirms the rolling angle by a rolling meter attached to the front end of the excavator body, and the angle is fixed to a certain angle (usually, (2 degrees) or more, a method is adopted in which the excavation of the tunnel excavator is stopped once, and then the rolling correction jack is operated to rotate the excavator body in the direction opposite to the rolling direction.

[0005]

However, such a method of correcting the rolling is performed when the rolling angle becomes 2 degrees or more, so that the above-mentioned problem cannot be solved. In addition to the need for recovery work, if the laser from the laser oscillator cannot be received for a long time, the accuracy of the directional control after the rolling correction will be reduced. There has been a problem that a large torsional force is generated in each part of the main body beyond the elimination of the stress generated by the rolling, so that fatigue fracture or the like is easily caused.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to automatically correct the rolling without stopping the excavation by the tunnel excavator and before the rolling becomes large, thereby reducing the slip. Tunnel excavator that can perform unloading without difficulty, accurately and reliably control the direction of the tunnel excavator, detect the rolling angle, etc., and enable efficient excavation without applying a large load to each part of the tunnel excavator. To provide a rolling correction method.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for correcting a rolling of a tunnel excavator, wherein a cutter plate is rotatably supported at a front end. Is provided with a rotary drive mechanism for the cutter plate and a front gripper at a front end of the cutter, and a tunnel excavator equipped with a rear gripper at a rear portion excavates a tunnel in a state where the rear gripper is pressed and fixed to a tunnel excavation wall surface. At the time, the tunnel is excavated while rotating the cutter plate in a state in which the front gripper is slidably pressed against the tunnel excavation wall surface, and when the excavator body rolls during the excavation, the tunnel excavator is moved. Release the crimp of the front gripper against the tunnel excavation wall without stopping, and at the same time, correct the rolling and perform rolling. It is characterized in that the front gripper is again slidably pressed against the tunnel excavation walls after modification is complete.

[0008] In the above-mentioned method for correcting rolling of a tunnel excavator, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that during tunnel excavation by the tunnel excavator, the excavator body is rotated in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutter plate before the rolling is corrected. It is characterized by giving a couple.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the above-described claim 1.
Alternatively, in the method for correcting a rolling of a tunnel excavator according to claim 2, one end is fixed to the excavator main body, and the other end is fixed to the rear gripper, and two right and left jacks having a vertical expansion / contraction component are used. Rolling correction is performed, and a couple is applied to the tunnel excavator in the rolling correction direction based on the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction between the left and right.

[0010]

[Function] A state in which a rear gripper provided at a rear portion of an excavator body is pressed against a tunnel excavation wall surface to support a digging reaction force, while a front gripper provided at a front end side is slidably pressed against a tunnel excavation wall surface. When the propulsion jack is extended while rotating the cutter plate, the excavator body excavates while sliding the front gripper on the tunnel excavation wall using the rear gripper as a fulcrum. At this time, the rotating reaction force of the cutter plate that excavates the rock while pressing against the face rock acts on the body of the excavator, so that the body of the excavator rolls in the opposite direction to the cutter plate. When this rolling occurrence is detected by the rolling meter, the front gripper is immediately contracted without stopping the excavation of the tunnel excavator before the rolling angle becomes large, the crimping to the tunnel excavation wall is released, and at the same time, the rolling correction mechanism is activated. To correct the rolling.

In such a rolling correction method,
The invention according to claim 2 is to apply a couple in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutter plate to the excavator body at all times by the rolling correction mechanism during tunnel excavation by the tunnel excavator. Even if a large rotational reaction force from the cutter plate acts on the excavator main body, the excavator main body can be prevented from rolling significantly. Even when the gripper is contracted, the reaction force is received by the rolling correction mechanism due to the rotation of the cutter plate, so that the excavator body can be reliably prevented from rolling largely, and the rolling can be corrected quickly and smoothly. It is.

[0012] The rolling correction mechanism comprises two left and right jacks which connect the rear side of the excavator body and the rear grippers which are crimped on both side walls of the tunnel excavation wall. The vertical excavation direction of the tunnel excavator is adjusted by the amount of expansion and contraction of the jack, and at the same time, a couple is applied to the tunnel excavator in the rolling correction direction by the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction. The rotation reaction force, the propulsion reaction force of the tunnel excavator, and the reaction force at the time of rolling correction can be reliably supported, and one of these rear grippers is contracted and the other is extended to support the front gripper to support the tunnel. The horizontal direction of the excavator can be corrected, and the jacks on the left and right can be extended and contracted. Vertical direction correcting the tunneling machine is intended to perform well in smoothly and accurately. Further, by operating the jack on the side of the excavator body that receives the rolling in the rolling correcting direction, the rolling can be corrected reliably.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a tunnel excavator made of TBM for excavating a tunnel in rock. A cutter plate supporting member 1a provided with a front gripper 2 which is detachably press-fitted to a tunnel wall surface by a jack on four sides of an outer periphery, and a beam integrated with the cutter plate supporting member 1a and extending rearward from the cutter plate supporting member 1a. And a cutter plate 3 on a cutter plate support member 1a.
Are rotatably supported, and a rotation drive mechanism 4 for the cutter plate 3 is mounted. On the other hand, a rolling correction mechanism 5 and a pair of left and right rear grippers 6 are provided at a rear portion in the longitudinal direction of the beam member 1b, and the beam member 1b is provided at a rear end portion.
The rear support 7 for supporting the rear end of the vehicle is integrally provided.
Further, the protruding jacks 8, 8 connect the both sides of the rear surface of the cutter plate support member 1a of the excavator body 1 to the left and right rear grippers 6, 6, respectively.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a belt conveyor for excavating shears, the front end of which is supported by being inserted into the lower part of the cutter plate supporting member 1a, and the middle part of which is a cylinder of the pair of left and right rear grippers 6, 6. Stand 9a hanging from the bottom
And is disposed from the excavator body 1 toward the rear in the tunnel T.

The rotary drive mechanism 4 of the cutter plate 3 is provided with a plurality of drive motors 4a fixedly mounted at regular intervals in a circumferential direction in a cutter plate support member 1a.
The pinion 4b fixed to the rotating shaft of 4a is attached to the cutter plate support member 1a.
Of the cutter plate 3 rotatably supported on the front side of the cutter plate 3 (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 3, the rolling correction mechanism 5 includes a beam receiver 5a having a U-shaped cross section which receives an intermediate portion in the length direction of the beam 1b so as to be slidable in the length direction. The upper end is connected to both sides of the beam receiver 5a and the beam receiver
The lower grip 5a comprises two left and right jacks 5b, 5b each having a lower end connected to the rear grippers 6, 6 horizontally disposed in the radial direction of the tunnel T. Above beam receiver
5a is provided with a concave portion 5c in which the beam body 1b is slidably inserted and supported in the center portion thereof, and provided with engaging grooves 5d, 5d penetrating over the entire length in the central portion of the opposing surface of the concave portion 5c. In the engaging grooves 5d, ridges 1c, 1c projecting in the longitudinal direction at the center of both sides of the beam 1b are slidably engaged with the engaging grooves 5d, 5d.

Further, a rear gripper 6, 6 comprises a cylinder 6a disposed on the lower surface side of the beam receiver 5a in the radial direction of the tunnel, and a piston rod 6b slidably disposed on left and right portions in the cylinder 6a. , 6b and these piston rods
6b, grippers shoes 6c, 6c attached to the tip of 6b, the left and right jacks 5b,
The lower end of the rod of 5b is connected.

A surveying device is provided in the tunnel excavator constructed as described above. The surveying device includes a rolling meter 10 mounted on an upper end surface of a cutter plate supporting member 1a of an excavator main body 1, and first and second light receiving plates 11, which are installed on a beam body 1b at regular intervals in front and rear. A laser oscillator 13 which is installed at an appropriate position on a tunnel planning line X in the tunnel T behind the tunnel excavator and irradiates a laser beam toward the first and second light receiving plates 11 and 12, The first and second light receiving plates 11 and 12 are irradiated with a laser beam oscillated on the tunnel planning line X from the laser oscillator 13 to irradiate these light receiving plates.
The irradiation points for 11, 12 are transmitted as electrical signals to a computing unit 14 comprising a computer provided in the operator unit,
The arithmetic unit 14 is configured to determine the horizontal and vertical deviations and declinations of the excavator body 1.

Further, the rolling meter 10 is also provided with the arithmetic unit.
The rolling angle measured by the rolling meter 10 is electrically calculated by a computing unit 14, and the rolling correction mechanism 5 and the left and right rear grippers 6 are connected to the control panel 15 connected to the computing unit 14. 6 to correct the rolling generated in the tunnel excavator and to control the deviation and declination of the tunnel excavator. Also,
The front grippers 2 are also operated by the control panel 15.

Next, a description will be given of a method of correcting the rolling while controlling the tunneling direction of the tunnel excavator using the surveying device. The tunnel excavator presses the gripper shoes 6c, 6c of the left and right rear grippers 6, 6 disposed at the rear of the beam body 1b of the excavator body 1 against the tunnel excavation wall surface t by extending the piston rod 6b. While the rear support 7 is separated upward from the bottom surface of the tunnel excavation wall surface t, the front grippers 2 and 2 are slidably pressed against the tunnel excavation wall surface t.
Is activated to extend the propulsion jacks 8 while rotating the cutter plate 3, the beam 1b integral with the cutter plate support member 1a slides on the recess 5c of the beam receiver 5a and the front gripper. 2 and 2 slide forward on the tunnel excavation wall surface t and excavate the face rock by the cutter plate 3.

During the excavation, the rotary reaction force of the cutter plate 3 for excavating the face rock acts on the cutter plate support member 1a of the excavator body 1 via the rotary drive mechanism 4, and the cutter plate support member 1a is moved to the cutter plate. Attempt to rotate in the opposite direction to 3. If the rotation reaction force is large, the excavator body 1 overcomes the pressing force of the front grippers 2 and 2 slidably pressed on the tunnel excavation wall surface t, and the excavator body 1 is disposed at the rear portion of the beam receiver 5a.
With the fulcrum as a fulcrum, the cutter plate 3 is twisted in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, so-called rolling occurs.

The occurrence of this rolling is detected by a rolling meter 10, and the rolling angle is input to a calculator 14, so that the direction is automatically controlled simultaneously with the correction of the rolling during tunnel excavation. That is, the correction of the rolling is performed as soon as the occurrence of the rolling is detected, the front grippers 2 and 2 are contracted by the command from the control panel 15 to release the crimping from the tunnel excavation wall surface t, and at the same time, the rolling correction mechanism 5 from the control panel 15 is released. Of the left and right jacks 5b, 5b, one of the jacks 5b receiving the load in the compression direction from the beam 1b is extended in the rolling correction direction against the load, and pulled from the beam 1b. The rolling is corrected by contracting the other jack 5b, which is loaded in the direction, in the rolling correction direction. After the correction, the front grippers 2, 2 are immediately extended to be slidable on the tunnel excavation wall t. Crimping is performed.

This rolling correction is made during the excavation of the tunnel excavator without stopping the excavation,
For example, every 1cm tunnel excavation and rolling angle
Rolling correction is automatically performed continuously within a small angle range of 2.0 degrees or less.In addition, even if a large rolling occurs due to some external factor, it is immediately detected and automatically corrected through the control panel 15. Is what you do.

In such a rolling correction method,
The hydraulic oil is constantly applied to the left and right jacks 5b, 5b of the rolling correction mechanism 5 in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutter plate 3, that is, in the direction of extending one jack 5b and in the direction of pulling back the other jack 5b. It is preferable to always apply a force in the direction in which the rolling is corrected by acting on it. In this way, by constantly applying a couple in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutter plate 3 to both jacks 5b, 5b, the excavation can be performed. Even if a large rotational reaction force from the cutter plate 3 acts on the excavator main body 1 during the excavation, the excavator main body 1 can be prevented from rolling significantly, and furthermore, rolling generated during excavation can be suppressed. Even if the front grippers 2 and 2 are contracted for correction, the rotation force of the cutter plate 3 causes the reaction force to be rolled.
The excavator body 1 can be reliably prevented from rolling largely.

On the other hand, the automatic control of the excavation direction of the tunnel excavator performed simultaneously with the correction of the rolling of the tunnel excavator will be described. Calculated by the calculator 14 from the irradiation points of the laser beams irradiating the first and second light receiving plates 11 and 12 installed at the rear, the rear grippers 6 and 6 and the rolling correction mechanism 5 corresponding to the deviation and the deviation amount. The stroke amount of the jacks 5b, 5b is calculated, and the jacks 5b, 5b are operated according to a command from the control panel 15.

That is, the horizontal direction control of the tunnel excavator is performed by extending one gripper shoe 6c of the left and right rear grippers 6, 6 and contracting the other gripper shoe 6c in synchronization with the amount of extension. When the rear grippers 6, 6 are operated in this manner, the beam body 1b swings right and left around the upper and lower front grippers 2, 2 mounted on the cutter plate support member 1a of the excavator body 1, and the cutter plate 3 is moved. The direction is controlled in the left-right direction. The vertical direction control of the tunnel excavator is performed by expanding and contracting the left and right jacks 5b, 5b of the rolling correction mechanism 4 with the left and right rear grippers 6, 6 pressed against the tunnel excavation wall surface.
The beam body 1b swings up and down with the left and right front grippers 2 and 2 mounted on the cutter plate support member 1a of the excavator body 1 to vertically control the direction of the cutter plate 3.

Since the vertical direction of the cutter plate 3 is corrected by the left and right jacks 5b and 5b of the rolling correction mechanism 4, it is also performed at the time of rolling correction. The stroke calculation method of the left and right jacks 5b and 5b is determined by rolling. The angle is θ, the amount of correction in the vertical direction is a (both are obtained by calculation), the distance between the left and right jacks 5b, 5b is L, and it is necessary to correct the rolling of the excavator body 1 rightward toward the face rock. When this occurs, the left and right jacks 5b, 5b are operated as follows. That is, the stroke amount of the left jack 5b required for the rolling correction is (L /
2) tan θ, stroke amount of right jack 5b is-(L / 2) ta
Therefore, the stroke amount of the left jacks 5b, 5b taking the vertical correction amount into account is a + (L / 2) tan θ, and the stroke of the right jack 5b is a− (L / 2) tan θ.

The rolling correction and the direction correction of the excavator body 1 are performed as described above while the tunnel excavator performs the tunnel excavation of a length necessary for one span (for example, one ring-supporting lining). For example, it is repeatedly performed for each excavation of 1 cm. FIG. 4 is a control block diagram showing the measurement of the rolling angle of the tunnel excavator and the vertical deviation of the tunnel excavator when the tunnel excavation of a predetermined length (one span) is completed and the next tunnel excavation of a predetermined length is performed. While measuring the position and the deflection angle and calculating the stroke amount (stroke amount for correcting the rolling angle) of the left and right jacks 5b and 5b of the rolling correction mechanism 4 from the measurement of the rolling angle, the deviation in the vertical direction, The amount of vertical correction is estimated from the declination to calculate the stroke amount of the left and right jacks 5b, 5b of the rolling correction mechanism 4 (stroke amount for performing vertical correction), and from these stroke amounts, the left and right jacks 5b, The rolling correction and the position correction of the excavator body 1 are performed by calculating the total stroke amount of the excavator 5b and operating the left and right jacks 5b, 5b.

When this automatic correction operation is repeatedly performed to complete the excavation of the tunnel of a predetermined length, the excavation by the tunnel excavator is stopped, and the front grippers 2 and 2 are firmly pressed against the tunnel excavation wall t while the rear support 7 is pressed. The rear grippers 6, 6 are separated from the tunnel excavation wall t in a state where the beam 1b is supported by extending the armature and receiving it on the bottom surface of the tunnel excavation wall t. In this state, the propulsion jacks 8, 8 are contracted. Rolling correction mechanism 5
In addition, the rear grippers 6, 6 are integrally drawn to the next predetermined length of tunnel excavation position, and a support is built on the tunnel excavation wall surface t.

In the above embodiment, the TBM is shown as a tunnel excavator. However, the front and rear trunks each having a front gripper and a rear gripper are connected by a plurality of direction correcting jacks and rolling correcting jacks. The above-mentioned rolling correction method can be adopted also in a shielded excavator.

[0031]

As described above, according to the method for correcting rolling of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention, the cutter plate is rotated while the rear gripper is pressed against the tunnel excavation wall and the front gripper is slidably pressed. When the tunnel is excavated and the rolling occurs during the excavation, the crimp of the front gripper to the tunnel excavation wall surface is released without stopping the tunnel excavator and the rolling is corrected at the same time. Since it is slidably pressed against the tunnel excavation wall surface, the rolling can be automatically corrected simultaneously with the excavation of the tunnel, so that the tunnel excavation can be performed smoothly and efficiently, and the working time can be reduced. Multiple rolling corrections during one span tunnel excavation Since the amount of correction is extremely small, the belt conveyor for carrying out the slip is not greatly twisted, so there is no danger of disturbing the removal of the slip, and almost all loads such as torsion are applied to each part of the tunnel excavator. Can be modified without the need.

Further, according to the second aspect of the rolling correction method, during the tunnel excavation by the tunnel excavator, before the rolling is corrected, the excavator main body is mounted on the excavator body in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutter plate. Since the force is applied, even if a large rotational reaction force from the cutter plate acts on the excavator body during excavation, the excavator body can be prevented from rolling significantly. Even if the front gripper is contracted to correct the rolling that occurred during excavation, the reaction force is received by the rolling correction mechanism by the rotation of the cutter plate, and it is possible to reliably prevent the excavator body from rolling greatly. Can,
The correction of the rolling can be performed quickly and smoothly.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the rolling correction of the excavator main body is performed by fixing the excavator main body at one end to the rear gripper at the other end and at the right and left sides of the excavator main body and having two vertical components. It is configured to apply a couple in the rolling correction direction to the tunnel excavator by the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction on the left and right, so the rear gripper is used to rotate the cutter plate and the propulsion reaction of the tunnel excavator. The reaction force at the time of rolling correction can be reliably supported, and one of these rear grippers is contracted, and the other is extended, whereby the horizontal direction of the tunnel excavator can be corrected by supporting the front gripper, and The vertical direction of the tunnel excavator can be corrected smoothly and accurately by expanding and contracting the two jacks on the left and right. It is. Further, by operating the jack on the side of the excavator body that receives the rolling in the rolling correcting direction, the rolling can be corrected reliably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified side view of a tunnel excavator equipped with a rolling correction mechanism,

FIG. 2 is a simplified plan view thereof,

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a direction and a rolling correction mechanism part,

FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining excavation control of the tunnel excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavator main body 1a Cutter plate support member 1b Beam body 2 Front gripper 3 Cutter plate 4 Rotation drive mechanism 5 Rolling correction mechanism 5b Jack 6 Rear gripper 8 Propulsion jack 10 Belt conveyor

Claims (3)

[Claims] An excavator body having a cutter plate rotatably supported at a front end thereof is provided with a rotary driving mechanism for the cutter plate and a front gripper at a front end portion, and a tunnel excavator having a rear gripper at a rear portion. When the tunnel is excavated in a state where the rear gripper is crimped to the tunnel excavation wall surface and fixed, the tunnel is excavated while rotating the cutter plate while the front gripper is slidably crimped to the tunnel excavation wall surface, When rolling of the excavator body occurs during the excavation, the crimp of the front gripper to the tunnel excavation wall surface is released without stopping the tunnel excavator and the rolling is corrected at the same time, and after the completion of the rolling correction, the front gripper is re-opened. A lorry for a tunnel excavator, which is slidably pressed against a wall of a tunnel excavator. Correction method. 2. The excavator body is provided with a couple in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the cutter plate before the rolling is corrected during tunnel excavation by the tunnel excavator. How to fix the rolling of a tunnel excavator. 3. The rolling correction of the excavator body is performed by two left and right jacks having one end fixed to the excavator body and the other end fixed to the rear gripper and having a vertical expansion / contraction component. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a couple is applied to the tunnel excavator in the rolling correction direction by a difference between the two.