JPH118102A - Heating element and hair setter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating element capable of temperature control without fail. SOLUTION: A heating element A is composed of a heating part 1, which is formed of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material and has positive temperature coefficient characteristics, and at least a pair of conductive part 2, 3 conductive to a heating part 1. At this time, the quotient of the resistant value R2 of the heating part 1 between the shortest distance of the pair of conductive part 2, 3 by the sectional space S2 of the heating element part 1 perpendicular to the conductive direction of the heating element 1 is to exceed the quotient of the resistant value R1 between both ends of the conductive parts 2, 3 in the conductive direction of the conductive parts 2, 3. In such a constitution, the temperature in the heating element 1 can be made constantly higher than that in the conductive parts 2, 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating element having a self-temperature control function for generating a heat so as to maintain a predetermined temperature when energized. The present invention relates to a hair set device such as a hair curler and a hair brush.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various types of heating elements having a self-temperature control function have been proposed. FIG. 73 shows an example of the heating element A as disclosed in
5 shows a planar heating element described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5 (partially blank and not shown). In this planar heating element, a pair of conductive portions (electrode layers) 2 and 3 of metal foil are disposed on an insulating substrate 20 having heat resistance and flexibility at a distance from each other to insulate the conductive portions 2 and 3. The heat generating portion (positive temperature characteristic resistor layer) 1 is formed of a resin material having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic on the opposite side to the substrate 20 and is joined to the conducting portions 2 and 3.

FIG. 74 shows a planar heating element described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-106971 as another example of the above-described heating element A (a part of which is not shown). The sheet-like heating element includes a heating section (heating resistance sheet) 1 formed by forming a heating composition having a thermoplastic resin and conductive particles into a sheet shape, and the same heating composition and electrode wire group as described above. 21 are formed by arranging current-carrying portions (covered wires) 2 and 3 formed at a predetermined interval from each other.

The heat generating portion 1 of the heat generating element A is formed of a resin material having a self-temperature control function. As shown in FIGS. 75 (a) and 75 (b), this resin material is made of a powdered conductive material 22 having a mean particle size of about 10 to 200 nm, such as iron, aluminum, copper, or carbon, which is made of crystalline plastic. And the like. In the heating element A, when a current is applied to the heating section 1 from the pair of conducting sections 2 and 3, the connection of the conductive substance 22 in the synthetic resin 23 is tight as shown in FIG. The resistance value is small and a large current flows, and the amount of heat generated by the heat generating portion 1 increases, generating heat. When the heat generating portion 1 generates heat as described above, the synthetic resin 23 expands due to the heat, and the bonding state of the conductive substance in the synthetic resin 23 is partially cut and coarse as shown in FIG. To
The resistance value of the heat generating portion 1 increases, and it becomes difficult for a current to flow.
When the heat generation of the heat generating portion 1 is suppressed in this way, the synthetic resin 23
Is contracted, the bonding state of the conductive substance 22 in the synthetic resin 23 becomes dense as shown in FIG. 75 (a), and heat is generated again.

That is, as shown in the graph of FIG. 76 and Table 1, when the temperature of the heat generating portion 1 increases, the resistance value R (curve A in FIG. 76) of the heat generating member A increases, and the flow rate of the current decreases. When the temperature of the heating portion 1 decreases, the resistance value R decreases, the current flow increases, and the heating value W increases. The self-temperature is controlled by a repeating mechanism.

[0006]

[Table 1]

[0007]

However, in the heating element A of the prior art (particularly the one described in JP-A-8-222355), depending on the current flowing through the heating section 1 and the current-carrying sections 2 and 3, In some cases, the temperature of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 becomes higher than the temperature of the heat-generating portion 1 because the heat-generating portions 2 and 3 of the metal foil generate more heat than the heat-generating portion 1. There was a fear that it would not be possible. In addition, when the heat generating portion 1 and the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed of a hard material, when the heat generating portion 1 and the energizing portions 2 and 3 are used in a case or the like, they cannot be deformed into a complicated shape and used. There is a problem that it cannot be used corresponding to various shapes.

Further, the heat generating portion 1 within a range where the temperature is to be controlled.
However, when the rate of change of the resistance value is low (it can be said that it has a positive temperature characteristic if it has a slight positive slope), it cannot be controlled to a desired temperature. In addition, there is a problem that the entire unit cannot be uniformly heated depending on the relationship between the distances and positions of the conducting units 2 and 3. Also, depending on the shape of the peripheral ends (edges) of the conducting parts 2 and 3, the electric field may be concentrated and the current may be concentrated, and the conducting parts 2 and 3 may generate abnormal heat and the conducting parts 2 and 3 may generate heat. There is a problem in that heat is generated from the unit 1 and the temperatures of the current-carrying units 2 and 3 become higher than the temperature of the heat-generating unit 1 so that the temperature control in the heat-generating unit 1 cannot be performed and the entire unit cannot be uniformly heated. .

Further, the heat generating portion 1 utilizes the thermal expansion of the synthetic resin 23 as described above. However, when the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are rigid bodies having strength, the thermal expansion of the synthetic resin 23 is reduced. There is a problem in that the temperature control is restricted, and the positive temperature characteristic is hardly obtained, and the temperature control is restricted. In addition, due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3, if the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are repeatedly used for a long time, partial separation occurs at the interface between the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3. There is a problem that it is impossible to uniformly supply heat to the heat generating unit 1 and it is not possible to generate heat evenly. In the worst case, the connection between the heat generating unit 1 and the power supply units 2 and 3 is cut off and power is supplied. There was a problem that it was not possible to generate heat because it was not possible.

In addition, the relative position of the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 is hard to be determined, and the distance between the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 varies, resulting in variations in the heat generation state, and the entire unit cannot be uniformly heated. There was a problem. In addition, in order to uniformly generate heat, the distance between the pair of energizing sections 2 and 3 may be shortened and disposed on the entire heat generating section 1. However, the distance between the energizing sections 2 and 3 is shortened. Then, discharge occurs in the space between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3, and there is a risk that the heat-generating part 1 is carbonized at that part and cannot be used due to short-circuit. Further, the energizing portions 2 and 3 are formed by providing a large number of rectangular protrusions 2b and 3b on the rectangular main bodies 2a and 3a, and the protrusions 2b and 3b have their bases (roots). Since the shape has a constant width from the tip to the tip, there is a problem that the temperature of the bases of the protrusions 2b, 3b does not rise particularly for heat radiation, and the entire temperature cannot be made uniform.

Further, the heating element A of the prior art (particularly one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-106971)
Has a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, so that the resistance value is determined by the temperature of a certain portion of the heat generating portion 1, so that the heat generating portion 1 between the conducting portions 2 and 3 has a partially different resistance value. That is. At that time, the value of the current flowing between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 is determined to be the highest resistance value between them, so that the higher resistance value generates heat and the lower resistance value generates less heat, In a state where heat is generated, the outer peripheral portion is cooled by the influence of heat radiation. There was a problem that it could not be done. Further, the heat generating portion 1 utilizes the thermal expansion of the synthetic resin 23 as described above. In particular, the thermal expansion is large from about 20 ° C. lower than the melting point of the synthetic resin 23 (thermoplastic resin), and the resistance value is also large. Although it rises sharply, on the other hand, the mechanical properties such as the bending strength of the heat generating portion 1 decrease, the shape of the heat generating portion 1 is maintained, and the synthetic resin 23 and the conductive material 22 of the heat generating portion 1 are prevented from melting. There is a problem that it becomes difficult to do.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can control temperature reliably, can be used in various shapes, and can control a desired temperature. , The whole can be uniformly heated, the temperature control can be prevented from being restricted, the shape can be kept from being melted, and the resin or the like can be prevented from being melted, and the whole can have a uniform temperature distribution. It is intended to provide a heating element.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hair setting device using such a heating element.

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating element which includes a heating element formed of a resin material having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic and containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity. 1 and at least a pair of conducting parts 2 and 3 for supplying electricity to the heating part 1, the resistance value R of the heating part 1 between the shortest distance between the pair of conducting parts 2 and 3
2 is a cross-sectional area S2 of the heat generating portion 1 perpendicular to the direction of current flow of the heat generating portion 1.
Is obtained by dividing the resistance value R1 between both ends of the conducting parts 2 and 3 in the conducting direction by the sectional area S1 of the conducting parts 2 and 3 perpendicular to the conducting direction of the conducting parts 2 and 3. It is characterized by being made larger.

A heating element A according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises: a heating section 1 made of a resin material containing a powdery conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic;
In a heating element formed with at least a pair of current-carrying portions 2 and 3 for energizing the current-carrying portion, the product of the volume resistivity value ρ2 of the heat-generating portion 1 and the shortest distance L12 between the pair of current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is defined as the heat-generating portion. The value obtained by dividing the cross-sectional area S2 of the heat-generating portion 1 perpendicular to the current-carrying direction is the product of the volume resistivity ρ1 of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 and the distance L11 of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 contacting the heat-generating portion 1. It is characterized in that it is larger than a value obtained by dividing by a cross-sectional area S1 of the current-carrying portions 2, 3 perpendicular to the current-carrying portions 2, 3.

A heating element A according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a heating section 1 made of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic;
In a heating element formed with at least a pair of current-carrying parts 2 and 3 for supplying current to the heat-generating part 1, the volume specific resistance ρ2 of the heat-generating part 1 is set to a cross-sectional area S
The value obtained by dividing the product of the square of 2 and the specific gravity δ2 of the heat generating portion 1 and the specific heat C2 of the heat generating portion 1 is the volume specific resistance value ρ of the conducting portions 2 and 3.
1, .rho.3 is set to the conducting part 2, which is perpendicular to the conducting direction of the conducting parts 2, 3,
3 and the specific gravity δ of the current-carrying parts 2 and 3
1, which is larger than a value obtained by dividing by a product of δ3 and specific heats C1, C3 of the current supply units 2, 3.

The heating element A according to claim 4 of the present invention.
Is provided with at least a pair of protrusions 2b, 3b in addition to any one of claims 1 to 3,
3, and the bases of the protrusions 2b, 3b are connected to the protrusions 2b, 3b.
b is formed to have a width smaller than that of the other parts,
The distance between the three is always constant.

The heating element A according to claim 5 of the present invention.
In addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the heating unit 1 has a rate of change of the resistance value which is twice or more in the operating temperature range, and the maximum operating temperature and the maximum operating temperature + 10 ° C. It is characterized by having a change rate of the resistance value of 4 times or more and less than 20 times between them. A heating element A according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the heating section 1 has rubber elasticity within a use temperature range. Is what you do.

The heating element A according to claim 7 of the present invention.
In addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the heating unit 1 has a rate of change of the resistance value of 10 times or more in the operating temperature range, and the maximum operating temperature and the maximum operating temperature + 5 ° C. It is characterized by having a change rate of the resistance value of 10 times or more between them. A heating element A according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the distance between the pair of conducting parts 2 and 3 is always constant. Is what you do.

The heating element A according to claim 9 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed in a comb shape, and the distance between the pair of current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is always constant. Things.
The heating element A according to the tenth aspect of the present invention is the same as the first aspect.
In addition to any one of the above-described structures, the peripheral parts of the conducting parts 2 and 3 are rounded.

The heating element A according to claim 11 of the present invention.
In addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 10, the distance between the conducting portions 2 and 3 in a region where the temperature of the heat generating portion 1 is low is set to It is characterized in that it is made narrower than the distance between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 in other areas. A heating element A according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to eleventh aspects,
It is characterized in that a separation preventing means 4 is provided between the heat generating part 1 and the conducting parts 2 and 3.

The heating element A according to claim 13 of the present invention.
According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the twelfth aspect, as the peeling prevention means 4, a locking part 5 having a concave and convex shape is formed on the conducting parts 2 and 3. Claim 14 of the present invention
The heat generating element A according to the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the structure of the twelfth or thirteenth aspect, the unevenness-shaped holding part 6 is formed on the heat generating part 1 as the separation preventing means 4.

The heating element A according to claim 15 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, the energizing units 2 and 3 are provided on a circuit unit 7 formed in the heat generating unit 1. A heating element A according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration according to any one of the first to fifteenth aspects, further comprises the energizing portions 2 and 3 provided on the concave circuit portion 8 formed in the heating portion 1. It is characterized by comprising.

The heating element A according to claim 17 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to sixteenth aspects, the energizing portions 2 and 3 are provided on a convex circuit portion 9 formed in the heat generating portion 1. The heating element A according to claim 18 of the present invention is configured such that, in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 17, a heat equalizing plate 10 having a higher thermal conductivity than the heating section 1 is brought into contact with the heating section 1. It is characterized by being provided.

The heating element A according to claim 19 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 18, a short-circuit preventing portion 11 having an uneven shape is formed between the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3. A heating element A according to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, further comprises at least one short-circuit prevention partition 12 in the heating part 1 between the pair of conducting parts 2 and 3. Is formed.

The heating element A according to claim 21 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to any one of the first to twentieth aspects, at least one short-circuit preventing groove 13 is formed in the heat generating part 1 between the pair of conducting parts 2 and 3. . The heating element A according to claim 22 of the present invention,
A heating part 1 formed of a resin material containing a powdery conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least one pair of flexible conducting parts 2 for supplying electricity to the heating part 1;
And (3).

The heating element A according to claim 23 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 22, the conducting portions 2, 3 are conductors such as stranded wires and mesh wires and have elasticity. In the heating element A according to claim 24 of the present invention, in addition to the structure of claim 22, the energizing portions 2 and 3 are corrugated or coiled conductors and have elasticity. It is characterized by becoming.

The heating element A according to claim 25 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 22 to 24, the energization sections 2 and 3 are provided with a stripping prevention section 14 having an uneven shape for preventing separation from the heating section 1. Things. The heating element A according to claim 26 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 22, the current-carrying parts 2, 3 are formed of conductive paint and have elasticity.

The heating element A according to claim 27 of the present invention comprises:
A heating section 1 made of a resin material containing a powdery conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least a pair of conducting sections 2 and 3 for supplying electricity to the heating section 1 are formed. The heat generating element is characterized in that the heat generating portion 1 is contained in the continuous porous body 15.

The heating element A according to claim 28 of the present invention.
In addition to the constitution of claim 27, said continuous porous material 1
5 is characterized by having flexibility.
The heating element A according to claim 29 of the present invention is characterized by claim 2
In addition to the structure of 7 or 28, the continuous porous body 15 is characterized in that it has flexibility in a direction connecting the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3.

The heating element A according to claim 30 of the present invention.
Is formed of a resin material containing conductive powder and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the conductive members 2 and 3 are formed in the continuous porous body 15. Another heat generating portion 16 is provided on the continuous porous body 15. A heating element A according to a thirty-first aspect of the present invention is configured such that, in addition to the constitution of the thirty-third aspect, the other heat generating part 16 is formed by a pair of continuous porous porous bodies 15.
Characterized by being sandwiched between them.

The heating element A according to claim 32 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the constitution of claim 30 or 31, the pair of conducting parts 2, 3 formed in the continuous porous body 15 are formed in the same continuous porous body 15. It is. The heating element A according to claim 33 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the constitution of claim 30 or 31, the pair of conducting portions 2, 3 formed in the continuous porous porous body 15 are formed in separate continuous porous porous bodies 15, 15, respectively. It is assumed that.

The heating element A according to claim 34 of the present invention comprises:
In addition to the constitution of claims 1 to 33, at least one pair of a heating part 1 made of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and a current flowing through the heating part 1 In a heating element formed by including the current-carrying portions 2 and 3, a base material 17 having the same coefficient of thermal expansion or elasticity as the resin material is formed, and the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are provided on the base material 17. In addition, it is characterized in that the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are brought into contact with the heat-generating part 1.

The heating element A according to claim 35 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 34, the current-carrying units 2 and 3 are provided between the heat-generating unit 1 and the base material 17. The heating element A according to claim 36 of the present invention.
Is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 35, an independent structural member 18 is provided in the heat generating portion.

A hair setting device according to a thirty-seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized by being formed using the heating element A according to any one of the first to thirty-sixth aspects.

[0036]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of a heating element A of the present invention. The heating element A includes a heating section 1 formed of a resin material having the same positive temperature coefficient characteristics as the conventional example, and a heating section 1.
And a pair of current-carrying parts 2 and 3 for energizing the battery. The heat generating portion 1 is formed in a plate shape having a certain width and thickness, and is formed of a resin material prepared by containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity in a resin.

As the conductive material in the form of powder, iron, aluminum, copper, carbon (carbon black) and the like can be used, but in consideration of the heat generation properties of the heat generating portion 1, workability, durability and the like. It is preferable to use carbon. The resin constituting the heat generating portion 1 is made of a polyolefin resin, for example, a thermoplastic crystalline resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, or the like, and has a positive temperature coefficient (PTC).
Polyamide resin, polyacetal resin, PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) resin, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) resin, PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin Etc.
These may be used alone or may be used by blending. Then, a resin material for forming the heat generating portion 1 is prepared by mixing the conductive material and the resin.

The current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are formed in a rectangular shape and are provided in contact with the surface of the heat-generating part 1. There are no particular restrictions on the material constituting this, as long as it is a material that conducts electricity. The resistance is preferably lower than that of the heat generating portion 1. Specifically, copper or copper alloy, or those subjected to surface treatment such as nickel plating, aluminum,
It can be formed of nickel, silver, iron or iron subjected to a surface treatment such as plating, a stainless steel plate, or the like. In addition, the form of the current-carrying portion can be formed in a plate shape, a single wire shape, a stranded wire in which a plurality of single wires are twisted, or a mesh wire in which a plurality of single wires are woven. In addition, a conductive paint prepared by dispersing particles such as iron or carbon in a resin or the like is used.
May be formed. One end of each of the power supply units 2 and 3 is formed as a connection unit 25 for electrically connecting to a power distribution unit 90 such as an electric wire derived from the power supply 26.

As a method of forming the heating element A by fixing the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 to the heat-generating portion 1, a method of extruding the heat-generating portion 1 together with the current-carrying portions 2 and 3, a method of extruding the heat-generating portion 1, 1 is a method of insert-molding the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 when performing injection molding,
3, a method of forming the heat generating portion 1 by an arbitrary method and then fusing the energized portions 2 and 3 with a hot press, or a method of forming the heat generating portion 1 by an arbitrary method and forming the energized portion 2 And a method in which the heat generating portion 1 is formed by an arbitrary method, and then the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are added by plating, vapor deposition, or the like.

The heating element A generates heat when the power is applied to the power supply units 2 and 3 by the power source 26 and the power is supplied to the power supply units 2 and 3 and the heating element 1. Since the power supply 26 is formed of a resin material having a coefficient characteristic, even if the amount of energization fluctuates due to fluctuations in the voltage of the power supply 26, the temperature is controlled so as not to exceed a certain temperature (control temperature). However, since the current-carrying units 2 and 3 do not have the positive temperature coefficient characteristic, if the voltage fluctuates for some reason such as a failure of the power supply 26 and the amount of current-carrying increases, the current-carrying units 2 and 3 generate heat due to self-heating. Then, the temperature may rise beyond the control temperature of the heat generating unit 1 and the temperature may not be controlled.

Therefore, the heating element A according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the resistance value of the heating section 1 between the shortest distance between the pair of conduction sections 2 and 3 is R2, and the heating section A is perpendicular to the conduction direction of the heating section 1. 1, the cross-sectional area of S1 is S2, the resistance between both ends of the current-carrying portions 2, 3 in the current-carrying direction is R1, and the cutoff of the current-carrying portions 2, 3 perpendicular to the current-carrying direction of each of the current-carrying portions 2, 3 is defined. When the area is S1, the value obtained by dividing the resistance value R2 of the heating unit 1 by the cross-sectional area S2 of the heating unit 1 is the resistance value R1 of each of the current-carrying units 2 and 3.
Divided by the cross-sectional area S1 of each of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3. That is, R2 / S2> R1
In order to satisfy the condition of / S1, the type and content of the resin and conductive material of the heat generating part 1, the shape of the heat generating part 1, the material and the shape of the conducting parts 2, 3 and the like are set, and the heat generating element A is formed. Is formed. And the heating element A of the present invention has R2 / S2>
Since the heat generating portion 1 is formed so as to satisfy the condition of R1 / S1, the heat generating portion 1 can always generate more heat than the conducting portions 2 and 3 to a higher temperature, and the heat generating portion 1 has a positive temperature coefficient characteristic. Temperature control can be surely performed.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the first aspect. The heating element A is formed by burying square bar-shaped current-carrying portions 2 and 3 in a heating portion 1 formed in a plate shape. In the heating element A, the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are buried in the heat-generating part 1, so that the adhesion between the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can be improved, and the heat-generating part 1 can be reliably energized. Can be done.

FIG. 3 shows an example of an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 6. The heating element A is formed by incorporating a current-carrying portion 2, 3 in the shape of a rod into a heating portion 1 having a rectangular planar shape and formed in a plate shape, substantially parallel to a short side of the heating portion 1. The heat generating portion 1 of the heat generating element A is formed of a resin material having rubber elasticity within a use temperature range (heat generation temperature or control temperature). This resin material is prepared by mixing the conductive substance with a resin having rubber elasticity. As the resin having rubber elasticity, the operating temperature range is 0 to 80.
° C, polysulfide rubber, urethane rubber, etc., when the operating temperature range is 0 to 120 ° C, natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, etc., and the operating temperature range is 0 to 130 ° C.
In the case of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, etc., when the operating temperature range is 0 to 150 ° C, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene terpolymer, butyl rubber, chlorsulfonated polyethylene, etc., the operating temperature range is 0 to 180 ° C. In this case, acrylic rubber or the like can be used, and when the operating temperature range is 0 to 200 ° C., silicone rubber, fluorine-based rubber, or the like can be used.

Since the heat generating portion A is formed of a resin material having rubber elasticity, the heat generating portion A can be used by being deformed into a shape of a case or the like when used in a case or the like. Instead, it can be incorporated and used in accordance with various (any) shapes of cases and the like. In the heating element A, the heat generating portion 1 has a change rate of the resistance value of 10 times or more in the use temperature range, and a change rate of the resistance value of 10 times or more between the maximum use temperature and the maximum use temperature + 5 ° C. It is possible to set the material and the content of the resin and the conductive substance of the heat generating portion 1, the shape of the heat generating portion 1, the material and the shape of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3, and the like. That is, T1 (° C.) is the minimum use temperature in the use temperature range (range of arrow C in FIG. 4) of the heat generating portion 1, Ra (Ω) is the resistance value at that time, and is the maximum use temperature in the use temperature range. T2
(° C), the resistance value at that time is Rb (Ω), and the maximum operating temperature T
Assuming that the resistance value at 2 + 5 ° C. is Rc (Ω), Rb / Ra> 10 and Rc / Rb> 1 as shown by the curve d in FIG.
The heat generating portion 1 is formed so as to have a characteristic of zero. If the characteristics of the heating section 1 are Rb / Ra> 10 and Rc / Rb> 10, the temperature of the heating section 1 (heating element A) is kept within the use temperature range even when the applied voltage or the use environment temperature changes. It can be controlled and is safe.

Note that the characteristics of the heat generating portion 1 are Rb / Ra> 10,
If Rc / Rb> 10, the effect of controlling the temperature of the heating part 1 (heating element A) within the operating temperature range is derived from the experimental results. For example, when T2 is 120 Rb / R with resin material around ℃
In the case where the heating part 1 is formed so that a> 10 and Rc / Rb> 10, when the applied voltage is 100 ± 20 V, the heating temperature (operating temperature) is 20 to 120 ° C., and the ambient temperature is 0 to 50 ° C., the temperature varies. Maintained a substantially constant value at ± 2 ° C., but when the heating portion 1 was formed so that Rc / Rb ≒ 2 when Rb / Ra ≒ 5, the temperature could not be controlled to a constant value. .

FIG. 5 shows an example of an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 8. The heating element A is formed such that the distance L1 between the conducting parts 2 and 3 is always constant. In other words, the rectangular conducting portions 2 and 3 are formed on the surface of the heating portion 1 having a rectangular planar shape in parallel with the long sides of the heating portion 1, and are formed between the conducting portions 2 and 3. The width of the gap 27 (the distance L1 between the conducting parts 2 and 3) is formed to be constant over the entire length. In the heating element A, the distance L1 between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 is always constant, so that the heat-generating part 1 can always generate heat uniformly and can be controlled to a constant temperature. .

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the eighth aspect. In the heating element A, the heating portion 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a certain thickness, and one energizing portion 2 is provided on the entire inner peripheral surface of the heating portion 1 and the other energizing portion 3 is provided on the entire outer peripheral surface of the heating portion 1. Are formed. Therefore, the distance L1 between the conducting parts 2 and 3 corresponds to the thickness of the heat generating part 1 and is always formed to be constant over the entire surface of the conducting parts 2 and 3.

FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the heating element A according to the eighth aspect. In the heating element A, the heating section 1 is formed in a plate shape having a certain thickness, and one energizing section 2 is provided on the entire surface of the heating section 1 and the other energizing section 3 is provided on the entire back surface of the heating section 1. Is formed. Therefore, the distance L1 between the conducting parts 2 and 3 corresponds to the thickness of the heat generating part 1 and is always formed to be constant over the entire surface of the conducting parts 2 and 3.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to the ninth aspect. The heating element A has a configuration in which the planar shape of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is formed in a comb shape, and a distance L1 between the current-carrying portions 2 and 3.
Is always constant. That is, substantially rectangular main bodies 2a, 3a arranged in parallel with the long sides of the heat generating section 1,
The plurality of protruding portions 2b, 3b protruding from one long side of the main body portions 2a, 3a form comb-shaped conducting portions 2, 3, respectively. The heating element A is formed such that one protruding portion 3b of the other current-carrying portion 3 is arranged between 2b. In addition, the width dimension of the gap 27 formed between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 (adjacent protrusions 2b,
3b, and the distance L1 between the tip of the protruding portion 2b (or the protruding portion 3b) and the conducting portion 2 (or the conducting portion 3) are formed to be constant over the entire length. In the heating element A, the distance L1 between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 is always constant, so that the heat-generating part 1 can always generate heat uniformly and can be controlled to a constant temperature. .

FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to the tenth aspect. This heating element A is formed so that the peripheral end portions such as the corner portions of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are rounded in the one shown in FIG. 8 so that there is no sharp portion. In the heating element A, since the peripheral ends of the conducting parts 2 and 3 are rounded, there is no place where current concentrates on the protruding parts 2b and 3b, so that the conducting parts 2 and 3 do not generate abnormal heat. In addition, it is possible to prevent the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 from generating heat more than the heat-generating portion 1, to constantly generate heat uniformly in the heat-generating portion 1, and to control the temperature to a constant temperature. Things.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to the eleventh aspect. In the heating element A, the distance between the conducting portions 2 and 3 in an area where the temperature of the heating section 1 is low, for example, an outer peripheral portion such as a peripheral portion or an end portion, is set to another area where the temperature of the heating section 1 is high, for example, a heating section. 1 is formed to be narrower than the distance between the conducting portions 2 and 3 in the central portion. The heating element A of FIG. 10 is similar to that of FIG.
3b are formed with the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 in a comb shape.
Are formed by disposing one of the protruding portions 3b of the other energizing portion 3 between the adjacent protruding portions 2b, 2b on the surface of the heat generating portion 1. The peripheral end (shown by the hatched portion E) of the heat generating portion 1 along the main body portions 2a, 3a is a region where the temperature is lower than the central portion of the heat generating portion 1. Therefore, the projecting portion 2b (3) of the one energizing portion 2 (3)
b) and the main body 3a (2) of the other energizing section 3 (2).
The distance L3 between a) is larger than the distance L2 between the protrusion 2b (3b) of one energizing part 2 (3) and the protrusion 3b (2b) of the other energizing part 3 (2) adjacent thereto. Is also narrow (L3 <
L2).

In the heating element A, the distance between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 in the region where the temperature of the outer peripheral part of the heating part 1 is low is increased.
Is formed to be narrower than the distance between the conducting portions 2 and 3 in the region where the temperature of the central portion is high, so that the heat generation at the central portion of the heat generating portion 1 is reduced, and the heat generating portion 1 cooled by the influence of the heat radiation is formed. The heat generated at the outer peripheral portion can be increased, and the whole can be uniformly heated. FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the eleventh aspect. The heating element A is configured such that the energizing parts 2 and 3 are formed by peripheral pieces 30 and 31 and
Central pieces 32, 33 extending from 0, 31, respectively, and peripheral pieces 30, 31 are respectively arranged along two adjacent sides of the heat generating portion 1, and the central pieces 32, 33 are opposed substantially in parallel. It is intended to be. The region of the heating element A where the temperature is low is the peripheral piece 30 of one of the current-carrying parts 2 (3).
(31) and the central piece 33 (32) of the other conducting part 3 (2)
(Shown by the hatched portion E), so that
The distance L3 between the peripheral piece 30 (31) of (3) and the central piece 33 (32) of the other current-carrying part 3 (2) is set to the distance L4 between the central pieces 32, 33 in the central part of the heat generating part 1. It is formed to be narrower (L3 <L4).

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the eleventh aspect. This heating element A is the same as that of FIG. It is arranged and formed. In the heating element A, the bent piece 34 (3
5) and the peripheral piece 31 (30) of the other energizing part 3 (2) (the shaded portion) is the peripheral piece 30 of the one energizing part 2 (3).
(31) and the central piece 33 (32) of the other conducting part 3 (2)
(Shown by a shaded portion E), the temperature is lower than that of the bent portion 34 (3) of one of the conducting portions 2 (3).
The distance L5 between 5) and the peripheral piece 31 (30) of the other energizing part 3 (2) is set to the peripheral piece 30 (31) of the one energizing part 2 (3).
And a distance L3 (L5 <L3) smaller than the distance L3 between the central portion 33 (32) of the other conducting portion 3 (2). Therefore, it is possible to further uniformly generate heat.

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the eleventh aspect. The heating element A is the same as that shown in FIG.
A plurality of small pieces 36 arranged between the center pieces 32 and 33 and the bent pieces 34 and 35 and the peripheral pieces 30 and 30 are respectively extended between the center pieces 32 and 33 and the heat generating portions 1 are attached to the center pieces 32 and 33.
Is formed by providing an auxiliary piece 37 protruding at the center of. In this heating element A, the area with the lowest temperature is the bent piece 34 (35) of one energizing section 2 (3) and the other energizing section 3
(2) between the peripheral pieces 31 (30) (the shaded portion),
Next, the area with the lowest temperature is the peripheral piece 30 of the one energizing part 2 (3).
(31) and the central piece 33 (32) of the other conducting part 3 (2)
(Indicated by the hatched portion E), and the region with the highest temperature is the central portion of the heat generating portion 1. Therefore, the distance L7 between the bent piece 34 (35) and the auxiliary piece 37 at the central portion of the heat generating portion 1 The width is the largest, and the peripheral piece 30 (31) of the one energizing part 2 (3)
And the distance L8 between the small pieces 36 disposed between the central pieces 33 (32) of the other energizing parts 3 (2) is made smaller than the distance L7 (L8 <L7), and further, one of the energizing parts 2 ( 3) and the peripheral piece 31 (3) of the other conducting portion 3 (2).
0) is the distance L9 between the small pieces 36 disposed between
8 (L9 <L8). Therefore, it is possible to further uniformly generate heat.

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to the twelfth aspect. In the heating element A, a separation preventing means (shown by hatching in FIG. 14) for preventing separation of the heating section 1 and the conducting sections 2, 3 over the entire length of the contact portion between the heating section 1 and the conducting sections 2, 3. 4 are provided. Therefore, the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can be firmly joined by the peeling prevention means 4, and even if the heat-generating part 1 repeats thermal expansion and contraction due to long-term use, the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying part 2 3 can prevent partial peeling from occurring at the interface of the heating element A. Therefore, in the heating element A, the heating sections 1 and 3 can uniformly supply electricity to the heating section 1 and uniformly generate heat. In addition, it is possible to prevent a problem that the connection between the heat generating unit 1 and the power supply units 2 and 3 is cut off, the power cannot be supplied, and the heat cannot be generated.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the separation preventing means 4. The peeling prevention means 4 is constituted by a concave-convex locking portion 5 formed on the back surface of the conducting portions 2 and 3 and a concave-convex fitting portion 37 formed on the surface of the heat generating portion 1 ( Claim 13). The engaging portion 5 includes a concave engaging portion 5a and a convex engaging portion 5b, and the fitting portion 37 includes a concave fitting portion 37a and a convex fitting portion 3a.
7b. And the concave locking portion 5a
To the convex fitting portion 37b, and the convex locking portion 5b to the concave fitting portion 3.
By locking to the heat generating parts 7a, the heat generating part A in which the electric conducting parts 2 and 3 are integrated with the heat generating part 1 can be formed.

FIG. 16 shows another example of the peeling preventing means 4. The peeling preventing means 4 is different from the one shown in FIG. An undercut shape having a substantially trapezoidal cross section corresponding to the shape of the stop portion 5b is formed. Further, the convex fitting portion 37b of the fitting portion 37 is formed into an undercut shape having a substantially trapezoidal cross section. The concave locking portion 5a is formed in an undercut shape having a substantially trapezoidal cross section corresponding to the shape of the convex fitting portion 37b. In the heating element A, the separation of the heating section 1 and the current-carrying sections 2 and 3 can be further prevented as compared with that of FIG.

FIG. 17 shows another example of the peeling preventing means 4. The current-carrying portions 2 and 3 of the heating element A are formed of an aggregate of a stranded wire, a mesh wire, a single wire, or the like made of a conductive material. Therefore, the lower surfaces of the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are formed as locking portions 5 having a concave-convex shape. 3 can be formed into the heat generating element A integrated. Note that the amount of embedding of the conducting parts 2 and 3 in the heating part 1 can be changed as appropriate. For example, the whole of the conducting parts 2 and 3 may be embedded in the heating part 1.

FIG. 18 shows another example of the peeling preventing means 4. The heat generating element A is formed by forming a holding portion 6 of a concave groove opening on the surface of the heat generating portion 1 in the heat generating portion 1 as the peeling preventing means 4 (claim 14). By fitting the conducting parts 2 and 3 into the holding part 16, a heating element A in which the conducting parts 2 and 3 are integrated with the heating part 1 can be formed. FIG. 19 shows another example of the peeling prevention means 4. The heating element A has a holding section 6 having a substantially semi-circular concave groove opening on the surface of the heating section 1 as the separation preventing means 4. The lower half of the energizing portions 2 and 3 in the form of rods are fitted into the holding portions 16 so that the heat generating portion 1 is formed.
The heating element A in which the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are integrated with each other can be formed. Note that the amount of embedding of the conducting parts 2 and 3 in the heating part 1 can be changed as appropriate. For example, the whole of the conducting parts 2 and 3 may be embedded in the heating part 1. This heating element A
Since the holding portion 6 has a substantially semi-circular cross section and an undercut shape, the exfoliation of the heat generating portion 1 and the conducting portions 2 and 3 can be further prevented as compared with that of FIG.

FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 15. The heating element A is formed by providing a circuit portion 7 at each of a pair of opposed ends of the heat generating portion 1 over the entire length, and providing the conducting portions 2 and 3 on each of the circuit portions 7. is there. By providing the conducting portions 2 and 3 on the circuit portion 7 formed in the heat generating portion 1 as described above, the relative position of the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 can be easily determined, and the position between the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 can be easily determined. Variations in the distance can be prevented, and the whole can be uniformly heated.

FIG. 21 shows an example of the circuit section 7. The circuit portion 7 is a concave circuit portion 8 in the form of a groove which is formed integrally at the same time when the heat generating portion 1 is formed.
The same material as above is formed over the entire length of the heat generating portion 1. The energizing parts 2 and 3 are arranged on the bottom surface of the concave circuit part 8 over the entire length. FIG. 22 shows another example of the circuit unit 7. The circuit portion 7 is a ridge-shaped convex circuit portion 9 which is integrally formed at the same time when the heat generating portion 1 is formed (claim 17), and is formed of the same material as the heat generating portion 1 over the entire length of the heat generating portion 1. ing. The conducting portions 2 and 3 are disposed on the upper surface of the convex circuit portion 9 over the entire length.

FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 18. This heating element A is the same as that shown in FIG. Is formed. As the heat equalizing plate 10, a metal plate material having a heat conductivity of 0.2 kcal / m · hr · ° C. or more can be used. Among them, an aluminum plate is most preferable because of its high heat conductivity. The heat equalizing plate 10 is provided with insulation by performing an insulation treatment such as plating or painting. The heating element A can transmit heat to the whole by the heat equalizing plate 10 and can uniformly generate heat.

FIG. 24 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 18. The heat generating element A in FIG. 23 is formed by interposing an insulating sheet 38 between the heat generating portion 1 and the heat equalizing plate 10. As the insulating sheet 38, P
An ET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, a silicon film, a polyester film, a polyimide film, or the like can be used. By interposing the insulating sheet 38 between the heat generating portion 1 and the heat equalizing plate 10 in this manner, it is not necessary to perform insulation treatment on the heat equalizing plate 10 and the heat equalizing plate 10 can transfer heat to the whole. As a result, heat can be uniformly generated from the whole.

FIG. 25 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 19. This heating element A is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 except that an uneven short-circuit preventing portion 11 is formed on the heating portion 1 between a pair of conducting portions 2 and 3. Short circuit prevention unit 1
Reference numeral 1 denotes a short-circuit preventing concave portion 11a formed along the entire length of the current-carrying portion 2 at a position close to the current-carrying portion 2 and a short-circuit prevention recess 11a formed along the entire length of the current-carrying portion 3 at a position close to the other current-carrying portion 3. And a short-circuit prevention convex portion 11b.

The heating element A includes a pair of current-carrying portions 2 and 3
Since the short-circuit prevention unit 11 is provided between the power supply units 2,
Even if the distance between the power supply units 3 is shortened, discharge can be prevented from occurring in the space between the power supply units 2 and 3 by the short-circuit prevention unit 11, and thus, the distance between the power supply units 2 and 3 is shortened to generate heat. The entire unit 1 can be arranged so that the entire unit can be uniformly heated. Further, there is no possibility that the heat generating portion 1 becomes unusable due to carbonization and short circuit.

FIG. 26 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to the twentieth aspect. The heating element A has a short-circuit prevention wall 12 having a convex shape formed on the surface of the heating section 1 between the pair of conduction sections 2 and 3 over the entire length substantially in parallel with the conduction sections 2 and 3. The short-circuit prevention wall 12 is formed of the same material as the heat-generating portion 1 by, for example, being integrally molded at the same time as the heat-generating portion 1 is formed. The heating element A is composed of a pair of conducting parts 2, 3
Since the short-circuit preventing wall 12 is provided between the conductive portions 2,
Even if the distance between the power supply units 3 is shortened, discharge can be prevented from occurring in the space between the power supply units 2 and 3 by the short-circuit prevention wall 12, so that the distance between the power supply units 2 and 3 is shortened to generate heat. The entire unit 1 can be disposed, and the entire unit can be uniformly heated. Further, there is no possibility that the heat generating portion 1 becomes unusable due to carbonization and short circuit.

FIG. 27 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the twentieth aspect. In this heating element A, a convex short-circuit preventing wall 12 is formed on the surface of the heating section 1 between the pair of conduction sections 2 and 3 over the entire length substantially in parallel with the conduction sections 2 and 3 in the same manner as in FIG. However, the short-circuit prevention wall 12 is formed of a different material having a different material from that of the heat generating portion 1. As a different material, polyolefin resin, polyamide resin,
Polyacetal resin, PBT resin, PET resin,
An insulating resin such as a PPS resin, a phenolic resin, or an epoxy resin can be used. However, a material having a heat deformation temperature or a softening point higher than the control temperature of the heating element A is preferable.

FIG. 28 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the twentieth aspect. The heating element A has a pair of convex short-circuit prevention walls 12 formed on the surface of the heating section 1 between the pair of conduction sections 2 and 3 over the entire length substantially parallel to the conduction sections 2 and 3. The short-circuit prevention wall 12 is formed of the same material as the heat-generating portion 1 by, for example, being integrally molded at the same time as the heat-generating portion 1 is formed. The current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are each a short-circuit prevention wall 1.
The two side surfaces are arranged in contact with each other over the entire length. Since the heating element A is provided with the conducting portions 2 and 3 in contact with the side surface of the short-circuit preventing wall 12, the positioning of the conducting portions 2 and 3 can be performed using the short-circuit preventing wall 12 for preventing discharge. As a result, the relative position of the pair of conducting parts 2 and 3 can be easily determined, so that the distance between the pair of conducting parts 2 and 3 can be prevented from being varied, and the whole can be uniformly heated. is there.

FIG. 29 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to the twentieth aspect. This heating element A has a pair of convex short-circuit prevention walls 12 on the surface of the heating section 1 between the pair of conduction sections 2 and 3 over the entire length substantially parallel to the conduction sections 2 and 3 as in the case of FIG. The short-circuit preventing wall 12 is formed of a different material having a different material from that of the heat generating unit 1. As a foreign material,
Insulating resins such as polyolefin resins, polyamide resins, polyacetal resins, PBT resins, PET resins, PPS resins, phenolic resins, and epoxy resins can be used, but the heat distortion temperature or softening point can be used. Is preferably a material higher than the control temperature of the heating element A.

FIG. 30 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 21. The heating element A has a short-circuit preventing groove 13 having a concave shape formed on the surface of the heat generating portion 1 between the pair of current supplying portions 2 and 3 over the entire length substantially in parallel with the current supplying portions 2 and 3. The short-circuit preventing groove 13 is formed in the heat-generating portion 1 by being formed simultaneously with the heat-generating portion 1 at the same time. Since the heating element A is formed by providing the short-circuit preventing groove 13 between the pair of conducting parts 2 and 3,
Even if the distance between them is shortened, discharge can be prevented from occurring in the space between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 by the short-circuit preventing groove 13, so that the distance between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 is shortened and 1 can be arranged on the whole, and the whole can be uniformly heated. Further, there is no possibility that the heat generating portion 1 becomes unusable due to carbonization and short circuit.

FIG. 31 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 21. The heat generating element A has a pair of concave short-circuit preventing grooves 13 formed on the surface of the heat generating part 1 between the pair of conductive parts 2 and 3 over the entire length substantially in parallel with the conductive parts 2 and 3. The short-circuit preventing groove 13 is formed in the heat-generating portion 1 by being formed simultaneously with the heat-generating portion 1 at the same time. The current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are each provided with a short-circuit preventing groove 13.
Are provided over the entire length along the upper opening edge. Since the heating element A is provided with the conducting portions 2 and 3 along the short-circuit preventing groove 13, the positioning of the conducting portions 2 and 3 can be performed using the short-circuit preventing groove 13 for preventing discharge. The relative positions of the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can be easily determined, so that the distance between the pair of current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can be prevented from being varied, and the whole can be uniformly heated.

FIG. 32 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 22. The structure of the heating element A is the same as that of the heating element A of claim 1 shown in FIG. 1 except for the configuration of the power supply units 2 and 3, but the power supply units 2 and 3 are formed to have flexibility. . In the heating element A, since the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 having flexibility are used, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3
3, the thermal expansion of the heat generating portion 1 can be prevented from being restricted by the conductive portions 2 and 3, and the self-temperature control function can be accurately performed by accurately exhibiting the positive temperature characteristic.
The flexible current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are made of a conductive resin plate or a metal plate,
A stranded or meshed conductor made of a metal wire such as a copper wire, a stainless steel wire, or a steel wire can be used. Further, corrugated or coiled conductors can be used for the flexible conducting portions 2 and 3. In addition, the flexible conducting portions 2 and 3 can be formed of a conductive paint.

FIG. 33 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 22. In the heating element A, the heat generating portion 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a certain thickness, and one of the flexible current-carrying portions 2 is formed on the entire inner peripheral surface of the heat generating portion 1 so as to be flexible on the entire outer peripheral surface of the heat generating portion 1. It is formed by providing the other conductive part 3 having the property.
Therefore, the distance L1 between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 corresponds to the thickness of the heat-generating part 1 and is always constant over the entire surface of the current-carrying parts 2 and 3. In the heating element A, since the distance L1 between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 is always constant by the thickness of the heat-generating part 1, the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can always generate heat uniformly. In addition, it is possible to control the temperature to a constant temperature by uniformly heating the current-carrying units 2 and 3.

FIG. 34 shows still another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 22. In the heating element A, the heat generating portion 1 is formed in a plate shape having a constant thickness L1. It is formed by providing a certain other conducting portion 3. In the heating element A, the distance between the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is always constant at the thickness L1 of the heat-generating portion 1. Therefore, the heat-generating portion 1 and the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 can always generate uniform heat. In addition, it is possible to control the temperature to a constant temperature by uniformly heating the current-carrying units 2 and 3.

FIG. 35 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 23. The heating element A uses a stranded wire formed by twisting a plurality of metal wires as the flexible conducting portions 2 and 3, and approximately half of the lower side of the conducting portions 2 and 3 is the heating portion 1. It is embedded and arranged. Note that the amount of embedding of the conducting parts 2 and 3 in the heating part 1 can be changed as appropriate. For example, the whole of the conducting parts 2 and 3 may be embedded in the heating part 1. Further, since the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed of a stranded wire, they have elasticity in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction thereof. In the heating element A, since the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 having flexibility and elasticity are used, the heat-expanding portions 2 and 3 follow the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion 1 so that the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion 1 is controlled by the current-carrying portion. The self-temperature control function can be accurately performed by accurately exhibiting the positive temperature characteristic.

FIG. 36 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 23. The heating element A uses a mesh wire formed by knitting a plurality of metal wires as the flexible current-carrying portions 2 and 3. It is buried and arranged. Note that the heating section 1
The embedding amount of the current-carrying units 2 and 3 into the heat-generating unit 1 may be appropriately changed. Since the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed by mesh lines, they have elasticity in the longitudinal direction.

FIG. 37 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 24. The heat generating element A is formed by forming the conductive portions 2 and 3 having flexibility as a single conductor such as a metal plate bent in a corrugated shape. They are arranged facing each other. In addition, this energizing part 2,
Since 3 is formed in a corrugated plate shape, it has elasticity in its longitudinal direction and its transverse direction. In the heating element A, since the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 having flexibility and elasticity are used, the heat-expanding portions 2 and 3 follow the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion 1 so that the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion 1 is controlled by the current-carrying portion. The self-temperature control function can be accurately performed by accurately exhibiting the positive temperature characteristic.

FIG. 38 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 24. This heating element A is formed by forming flexible conductive sections 2 and 3 by a single conductor such as a coiled metal wire, and the conductive sections 2 and 3 are embedded in the heating section 1 so as to face each other. ing. Further, since the conducting portions 2 and 3 are formed in a coil shape, they have elasticity in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction. In the heating element A, since the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 having flexibility and elasticity are used, the heat-expanding portions 2 and 3 follow the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion 1 so that the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion 1 is controlled by the current-carrying portion. The self-temperature control function can be accurately performed by accurately exhibiting the positive temperature characteristic.

FIG. 39 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 25. This heating element A is provided with an uneven peeling prevention section 14 over the entire outer surface of the flexible conducting sections 2 and 3, and the lower substantially half of the conducting sections 2 and 3 is embedded in the heating section 1. It is formed so that it does. Note that the heating section 1
The embedding amount of the current-carrying units 2 and 3 into the heat-generating unit 1 may be appropriately changed. Further, in the heating element A, since the peeling preventing portions 14 are provided in the conducting portions 2 and 3, even if the heating portion 1 repeats thermal expansion and contraction due to long-term use, the interface between the heating portion 1 and the conducting portions 2 and 3 can be obtained. Therefore, in the heating element A, it is possible to uniformly supply power to the heating section 1 with the current supply sections 2 and 3 and to generate heat uniformly. Further, even if the expansion rates are different, it is possible to prevent the problem that the connection between the heat-generating unit 1 and the current-carrying units 2 and 3 is cut off, the current cannot be supplied, and the heat cannot be generated.

FIG. 40 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 25. The current-carrying parts 2 and 3 of the heating element A
It is formed of an aggregate of a stranded wire, a mesh wire, or a single wire of a conductive material. Therefore, the lower surfaces of the conductive portions 2 and 3 are formed as peeling preventing portions 14 having an uneven shape. By embedding the lower half of the conductive portions 2 and 3 in the heat generating portion 1, the heat generating portion 1 is provided with the conductive portions 2 and 3. 3 can be formed into the heat generating element A integrated. Note that the amount of embedding of the conducting parts 2 and 3 in the heating part 1 can be changed as appropriate. For example, the whole of the conducting parts 2 and 3 may be embedded in the heating part 1.

FIG. 41 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 26. In the heating element A, the conductive portions 2 and 3 having flexibility are formed of a conductive paint. The conductive paint uses a resin component such as polyester, ultraviolet curable resin (UV resin), vinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, polyolefin resin, silicone resin, and rubber-based resin as a binder, and disperses particles such as silver and carbon therein. In addition, it is prepared by diluting this with a diluent such as thinner or toluene, and has electrical conductivity. Then, the conductive paint is applied to the surface of the heat generating portion 1 and dried to form the conductive portions 2 and 3 having flexibility and elasticity. In the heating element A, the current-carrying sections 2 and 3 having flexibility and elasticity are used, so that the current-carrying sections 2 and 3 follow the thermal expansion of the heating section 1 and the thermal expansion of the heating section 1 is controlled by the current-carrying section. The self-temperature control function can be accurately performed by accurately exhibiting the positive temperature characteristic.

FIG. 42 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 27. The heating element A is obtained by dispersing and impregnating the heating section 1 in the continuous porous body 15 shown in FIG. As the continuous pore porous body 15,
Polyamide (Nylon 6, Nylon 66), Acrylic (Acrylan, Auron, Dynel, Berel), Viscose Rayon, Cellulose Ester (Acetate, Triacetate), Polyester, Vinyl Derivative (Vinylon HH, Saran), Natural Fiber (Cotton Waste, Wool) It is possible to use a woven fabric made of a fibrous material made of a material such as dust and jute) and glass, or a nonwoven fabric obtained by hardening the fibrous material with a binder. In addition, urethane,
A continuous pore foam such as styrene or phenol, a continuous pore sintered body such as ceramic, or the like can be used. Further, the heat-generating portions 1 and the heat-generating portion 1 and the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are electrically connected by the continuous porous body 15.

In the heating element A thus formed, since the heat generating portion 1 is contained in the continuous porous body 15, the continuous porous body 15 can enhance mechanical properties such as bending strength and generate heat. It is possible to prevent the synthetic resin and the conductive substance 22 constituting the part 1 from melting out, and to maintain the shape even when the temperature is controlled by the generation of heat.

FIG. 43 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 28. The heating element A has a continuous porous body 15 formed of a flexible material such as the woven cloth or the nonwoven cloth. Since the heating element A forms the continuous porous body 15 with a flexible material, the heating element A can be used by being deformed into a shape of a case or the like when used in a case or the like without being restricted. It can be used by incorporating it into various (all) cases and the like.

FIGS. 44A and 44B show an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 29. FIG. The heating element A has flexibility only in a direction (shown by an arrow G) connecting the conducting parts 2 and 3. FIG. 45 shows a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. The heating portion 1 is formed to be long in the thickness direction of the continuous porous body 15, and the plurality of heating portions 1 are contained in the continuous porous body 15 so as to be arranged in a direction connecting the conducting portions 2 and 3. Thus, the heating element A has flexibility only in the direction connecting the energizing parts 2 and 3. The heating element A can maintain its shape even when the temperature is controlled by the generation of heat, and the heating section 1 and the continuous pore porous body 15 restrict the thermal expansion between the conducting sections 2 and 3. The positive temperature characteristic is accurately exhibited and the self-temperature control function is accurately performed.

FIG. 46 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 30. This heating element A forms another plate-shaped heating section 16 without impregnating the continuous porous body 15 with a resin material similar to the resin material constituting the heating section 1, and the other heating section 16 is heated externally. The portion 40 is provided on the back surface of the continuous porous body 15 in FIG. The heat-generating part 1, the current-carrying parts 2, 3 and the external heat-generating part 40 are electrically connected by the continuous porous body 15.

In the heating element A, since the external heating element 40 was formed in contact with the outer surface of the continuous porous body 15 in addition to the heating section 1 contained in the continuous porous body 15, the continuous porous body 15 was formed. The mechanical properties such as bending strength can be increased by using the synthetic resin or conductive material 22 constituting the heat generating portion 1.
Can be prevented, the shape can be maintained even when the temperature is controlled by the generation of heat, and the external heat generating portion 40 is not restricted by the thermal expansion. 42, the positive temperature characteristic is exhibited more accurately and the self-temperature control function is performed accurately, as compared with the case where only the heat generating portion 1 impregnated in the continuous porous body 15 as shown in FIG.

FIG. 47 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 30. This heating element A is the same as that shown in FIG. 46, except that another external heating section 40 is provided on the surface of the heating section 1 between the conducting sections 2 and 3. At this time, the upper surfaces of the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are not covered with the external heat-generating part 40 between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3, which facilitates connection between the power supply and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3. is there. Since the heat generating element A has the external heat generating portions 40 on both the front and back sides of the continuous porous body 15, it is possible to reduce variation in heat generation in the thickness direction.

FIG. 48 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 30. In FIG. 47, the heating element A is formed such that the upper surfaces of the current-carrying sections 2 and 3 are covered with an external heat-generating section 40 between the current-carrying sections 2 and 3. The heating element A can obtain uniform heat without being affected by the heat generated by the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 by covering the upper surfaces of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 with the external heat-generating portion 40.

FIG. 49 shows an embodiment of the heat generating portion A according to claim 31. This heating element A forms another plate-like heating section 16 without impregnating the continuous porous body 15 with a resin material similar to the resin material constituting the heating section 1, and forms the other heating section 16 with internal heating. The portion 41 is formed so as to be vertically sandwiched between a pair of continuous pore porous bodies 15. The pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 are disposed on the upper surface of the upper continuous porous body 15 (Claim 32), and the heating portion 1, the conducting portions 2 and 3 and the internal heating portion 41 are formed by the continuous porous portion 15. It is electrically connected. Further, after the conductive portions 2 and 3 are provided in the continuous porous body 15, the heat generating portion 1 is formed by impregnating with a resin material, so that the distance between the conductive portions 2 and 3 is reduced over the entire length. The heat generating unit 1, the current-carrying units 2 and 3, and the internal heat generating unit 41 generate heat uniformly, and can be controlled at a constant temperature.

In the heating element A, in addition to the heating portion 1 contained in the continuous porous porous body 15, a pair of continuous porous porous bodies 15
, The mechanical properties such as bending strength can be enhanced by the continuous porous body 15 and the synthetic resin and the conductive substance 22 constituting the heating section 1 can be improved.
Can be prevented, the shape can be maintained even when the temperature is controlled by generating heat, and the internal heat generating portion 41 can be prevented from being restricted by thermal expansion. 42, the positive temperature characteristic is exhibited more accurately and the self-temperature control function is performed accurately, as compared with the case where only the heat generating portion 1 impregnated in the continuous porous body 15 as shown in FIG.

FIG. 50 shows an example of an embodiment of the heat generating portion A according to claim 33. This heating element A forms another plate-like heating section 16 without impregnating the continuous porous body 15 with a resin material similar to the resin material constituting the heating section 1, and forms the other heating section 16 with internal heating. The portion 41 is formed so as to be vertically sandwiched between a pair of continuous pore porous bodies 15. Of the pair of conducting portions 2, 3, one conducting portion 2 covers the entire upper surface of the upper continuous porous body 15, and the other conducting portion 3 covers the entire lower surface of the lower continuous porous body 15. The heating unit 1, the conducting units 2 and 3, and the internal heating unit 41
Are electrically connected by the continuous porous body 15.

In the heating element A, in addition to the heating section 1 contained in the continuous porous body 15, a pair of continuous porous bodies 15
, The mechanical properties such as bending strength can be enhanced by the continuous porous body 15 and the synthetic resin and the conductive substance 22 constituting the heating section 1 can be improved.
Can be prevented, the shape can be maintained even when the temperature is controlled by generating heat, and the internal heat generating portion 41 can be prevented from being restricted by thermal expansion. 42, the positive temperature characteristic is exhibited more accurately and the self-temperature control function is performed accurately, as compared with the case where only the heat generating portion 1 impregnated in the continuous porous body 15 as shown in FIG. In addition, the continuous porous body 15
By making the thickness of the internal heat generating portion 41 constant, the distance between the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 can be always constant over the entire length, and the heat generating portion 1 and the conducting portions 2 and 3 and the internal The heat generating portion 41 generates heat uniformly and can be controlled to a constant temperature.

FIG. 51 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 34. This heating element A forms a base material 17 having the same coefficient of thermal expansion or elasticity as the resin material constituting the heating part 1. The base material 17 is provided with a pair of conducting parts 2, 3. , 3 are formed so as to be substantially included in the heat generating portion 1 and contact the heat generating portion 1. Substrate 1
7 is a polyolefin resin, for example, a thermoplastic crystalline resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, a polyamide resin, a polyacetal resin, a PBT resin, a PET resin, a PPS resin, a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, or the like. It can be formed into an insulating sheet (insulating sheet), and these may be used alone or as a blend. Further, a PET film, a silicon film, a polyester film, a polyamide film, or the like can be used.

The heating element A is made of a base material 17 having the same coefficient of thermal expansion or elasticity as the resin material forming the heating section 1.
Since a pair of current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are provided on the upper part, and a heat-generating part 1 substantially including the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 is formed on the base material 17 and the heat-generating part 1 is brought into contact with the current-carrying parts 2 and 3, The heating unit 1 and the current-carrying units 2 and 3 can be held at 17, and the shape can be maintained even when the temperature is controlled by heating. Further, since the base material 17 has the same coefficient of thermal expansion or elasticity as the resin material constituting the heat generating part 1, the heat generating part 1 can be prevented from being restricted by the thermal expansion, and the positive temperature characteristic can be obtained. And the self-temperature control function is accurately performed.

Since the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are provided on the base material 17, for example, when the flexible current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed of a conductive paint or a conductive paste, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are moved to desired positions. The energizing portions 2 and 3 can be formed as desired, and the energizing portions 2 and 3 are not displaced or peeled off from the base material 17 even when they are substantially included in the heat generating portion 1. It can be formed accurately at the position, so that the distance between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can always be constant at a desired distance, and the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 generate heat uniformly and are constant. It can be controlled to a temperature.

FIG. 52 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 34. In the heating element A, a plurality of holes 91 are formed in a base (insulating sheet) 17 similar to the above, a pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 are provided on the base 17, and a resin material is passed through the holes 91. The power is supplied to the front and back surfaces of the base material 17 and
3 is formed, and the heat generating portion 1 which comes into contact with them is formed. In the heating element A, since the heat generating portion 1 is also formed in the hole portion 91 of the base material 17, the base material 17 and the heat generating portion 1 are formed.
Is not easily peeled off, and the adhesion between the conducting portions 2 and 3 and the heat generating portion 1 is not impaired and becomes unstable. it can.

FIG. 53 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 34. In the heating element A, a base material 17 is formed of a resin material constituting the heating portion 1, and a pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 are provided on the base material 17 and the conducting portions 2 and 3 are substantially included in the heating portion 1. Then, it is formed in contact with the heat generating portion 1. In the heating element A, since the base material 17 is formed of the same resin material as the heating section 1, the heating section 1 can be prevented from being restricted by thermal expansion, and the positive temperature characteristic is accurately exhibited. The self-temperature control function is performed accurately.

FIG. 54 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 34. In the heating element A, a pair of conducting parts 2 and 3 are provided on a base (insulating sheet) 17 similar to the above, and the heating part 1 is provided on the base 17 between the conducting parts 2 and 3. , 3 are formed in contact with each other. In the heating element A, since the heat generating portion 1 is provided between the current applying portions 2 and 3, the current applying portions 2 and 3 can be exposed, and the power supply and the current applying portions 2 and 3 can be easily connected. Things.

FIG. 55 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 34. This heating element A is provided with a pair of conducting parts 2 and 3 on the same base material (insulating sheet) 17 as described above, and completely encloses the conducting parts 2 and 3 and the base material 17 in the heating part 1. It is formed by contacting the heat generating portion 1 with the portions 2 and 3. In the heating element A, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 and the base member 17 are completely contained in the heat-generating portion 1, so that the positions of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 do not shift or peel off from the base member 17. , The current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can be accurately formed at desired positions. Therefore, the distance between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 can be always kept constant at a desired distance.
In addition, the current-carrying units 2 and 3 generate heat uniformly and can be controlled to a constant temperature.

FIG. 56 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 34. The heating element A is the same as that shown in FIG. 50 except that the heat equalizing plate 10 having high thermal conductivity is provided on the entire lower surface of the base member 17 (the surface opposite to the side on which the heating portion 1 is formed). . In the heating element A, since the heat equalizing plate 10 is provided, heat can be transmitted by the heat equalizing plate 10 and the surface temperature can be made more uniform.

FIG. 57 shows an example of an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 35. The heating element A includes a plate-shaped heating section 1.
The plate-like current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are provided on the front and back surfaces of the substrate so as to be in contact with each other over the entire surface.
7 are provided in contact with the entire surface. In other words, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are provided and sandwiched between the heat-generating portion 1 and the base material 17.

In the heating element A, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are provided between the heat-generating portion 1 and the base member 17 so as to be sandwiched therebetween. It is possible to maintain the shape even when the temperature is controlled by the generation of heat, and it is possible to prevent the heat-generating portion 1 from flowing out at the time of melting. Further substrate 1
7 has the same coefficient of thermal expansion or elasticity as the resin material constituting the heat generating portion 1, so that the heat generating portion 1 can be prevented from being restricted by the thermal expansion, and the positive temperature characteristic can be accurately determined. The self-temperature control function is performed accurately and is performed. In addition, by forming the thickness of the heat generating portion 1 to be constant, the distance between the pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 can be always constant over the entire surface, and the heat generating portion 1 and the conducting portions 2 and 3 can be uniformly formed. It generates heat and can be controlled to a constant temperature.

FIG. 58 shows another embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 35. In FIG. 57, the heating element A is formed by providing a soaking plate 10 having a high thermal conductivity on the outer side (lower side) of one (lower side) base material 17. In the heating element A, the heat equalizing plate 10 is provided.
In this case, heat can be transmitted, and the surface temperature can be made more uniform.

FIG. 59 shows an example of an embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 36. This heating element A is the same as that shown in FIG.
3 and are formed substantially parallel to them. The structural material 18 is a polyolefin resin, a polyamide resin, a polyacetal resin, a PBT resin, a PET resin, a PPS resin,
Although it can be formed using an insulating resin such as a phenolic resin or an epoxy resin, it is preferable that the material has a heat deformation temperature or a softening point higher than the control temperature of the heating element A. In addition, polyamide (nylon 6, nylon 66), acrylic (acrylic, auron, dainel, berel), viscose rayon, cellulose ester (acetate, triacetate), polyester, vinyl derivative (vinylon HH, Saran), natural fiber (cotton waste) (Wool waste, jute), glass, or the like, and a woven fabric made of a fibrous material, or a nonwoven fabric obtained by hardening the fibrous material with a binder. In addition, it can be formed using a continuous pore foam such as urethane, styrene, phenol, etc., or a continuous pore sintered body such as ceramic.

In this heating element A, the heating element 1 is provided with the structural material 18.
Is built in, the heat generating portion 1 can be held by the structural material 18, and the shape can be held even in a state where the temperature is controlled by generating heat. FIG. 60 shows an example of the embodiment of the heating element A according to claim 2. This heating element A
Is formed to include a heat generating portion 1 formed of a resin material having the same positive temperature coefficient characteristics as described above, and a pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 for energizing the heat generating portion 1. The heat generating portion 1 is formed in a plate shape having a certain width and thickness, and is formed of a resin material prepared by containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity in a resin. Iron, aluminum, copper, carbon (carbon black), or the like can be used as the powdered conductive substance. However, considering the heat generation, workability, and durability of the heat generating portion 1, carbon is used. It is preferably used. The resin constituting the heat generating portion 1 is a polyolefin resin, for example, a thermoplastic crystalline resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, or the like.
Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) characteristics can be increased, but polyamide resin, polyacetal resin, PB
T (polybutylene terephthalate) resin, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) resin, PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, etc. may be used.
Also, they may be used by blending. Then, a resin material for forming the heat generating portion 1 is prepared by mixing the conductive material and the resin.

The current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed in a rectangular shape and are provided in contact with the surface of the heat-generating portion 1. There are no particular restrictions on the material constituting this material as long as it is a material that conducts electricity. The resistance is preferably lower than that of the heat generating portion 1. Specifically, it can be formed of copper, a copper alloy, iron, a stainless steel plate or a plate obtained by performing a surface treatment such as nickel plating or tin plating, or a metal such as aluminum, nickel, silver, or gold. In addition, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed of a conductive resin prepared by dispersing conductive particles such as a metal or carbon in a resin or the like, or a conductive paint prepared by diluting the same with a solvent. You may. The shape of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is plate-like, single-wire, mesh wire formed by knitting or twisting a plurality of single wires, and stranded wire shape formed by twisting a plurality of single wires. And so on. When the conductive material or the conductive paint is used, the conductive portions 2 and 3 can be formed in any shape. One end of each of the power supply units 2 and 3 is formed as a connection unit 25 for electrically connecting to a power distribution unit 90 such as an electric wire derived from the power supply 26.

As a method of forming the heating element A by fixing the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 to the heat-generating portion 1, there are a method of extruding the heat-generating portion 1 together with the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 and a method of forming the heat-generating member A by extrusion. 1 is a method of insert-molding the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 when the injection-molding 1 is performed.
Of the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3
A method of simultaneously injection-molding the heat-generating parts 1 and 2 in a mold, a method of insert-molding the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 when press-forming the heat-generating part 1, and a method of insert-molding the heat-generating part 1 when press-molding the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 A method in which the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are simultaneously press-molded in a mold, a method in which the heat-generating part 1 is molded by an arbitrary method, and then the heat-curing parts 2 and 3 are fused by hot pressing. A method of forming the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 by an arbitrary method and then fusing the heat-generating portion 1 by a hot press, or a method of forming the heat-generating portion 1 by an arbitrary method and bonding the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 with a conductive adhesive. Or a method in which the heating portions 1 are formed by an arbitrary method and then the energizing portions 2 and 3 are added by plating, vapor deposition, or the like. And the like.

The heating element A generates heat when the power is applied to the power supply sections 2 and 3 by the power supply 26 and the power is supplied to the power supply sections 2 and 3 and the heating element 1. Since the power supply 26 is formed of a resin material having a coefficient characteristic, even if the amount of energization fluctuates due to fluctuations in the voltage of the power supply 26, the temperature is controlled so as not to exceed a certain temperature (control temperature). However, since the current-carrying units 2 and 3 do not have the positive temperature coefficient characteristic, if the voltage fluctuates for some reason such as a failure of the power supply 26 and the amount of current-carrying increases, the current-carrying units 2 and 3 generate heat due to self-heating. Then, the temperature may rise beyond the control temperature of the heat generating unit 1 and the temperature may not be controlled.

Therefore, the heat generating element A according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the volume specific resistance value of the heat generating portion 1 is ρ2, the shortest distance between the pair of energizing portions 2 and 3 is L21, and the heat generating portion 1 is perpendicular to the energizing direction of the heat generating portion 1. The cross-sectional area of the section 1 is S2, and the volume resistivity of the conducting sections 2 and 3 is ρ
L1, L2 are distances between the heat-generating parts 1 of the current-carrying parts 2 and 3
12, when the cross-sectional area of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 perpendicular to the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is defined as S1, the volume resistivity ρ of the heat-generating portion 1
2 and the product of the shortest distance L21 between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are divided by the sectional area S2 of the heat-generating part 1. Contact distance L11,
It is formed so as to be larger than a value obtained by dividing the product of L12 by the cross-sectional area S1 of the conducting parts 2 and 3. That is, ρ2 × L
21 / S2> ρ1 × L11 / S1 or ρ2 × L21
The material of the resin and the type and content of the conductive material of the heat generating portion 1, the shape of the heat generating portion 1, the material and the shape of the conductive portions 2 and 3, etc. are set so as to satisfy the condition of / S2> ρ1 × L12 / S1. Thus, the heating element A is formed. The heating element A according to the present invention has a relationship of ρ2 × L21 / S2> ρ1 × L11 / S1.
Alternatively, since it is formed so as to satisfy the condition of ρ2 × L21 / S2> ρ1 × L12 / S1, the heating unit 1 can always generate more heat than the conduction units 2 and 3 to raise the temperature. The temperature control in the heating section 1 can be reliably performed by the positive temperature coefficient characteristic.

FIG. 61 shows an embodiment of the heating element A according to the fourth aspect. The heating element A is formed such that the planar shape of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is formed in a comb shape and the distance L1 between the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is always constant. That is, a substantially rectangular main body portion 2a, 3a arranged in parallel with the long side of the heat generating portion 1.
And a pair of protruding portions 2b, 3b protruding from one long side of each of the main body portions 2a, 3a to form comb-shaped conducting portions 2, 3, respectively. The heating element A is formed such that one protruding portion 3b of the other current-carrying portion 3 is arranged between 2b. The projections 2b, 3b can be provided not only in pairs but also in plurals. The bases of the protrusions 2b, 3b are formed as small width portions 2c, 3c having a width narrower than other portions of the protrusions 2b, 3b ahead of the protrusions 2b, 3b. Also, a gap 27 formed between the current-carrying parts 2 and 3
(The distance L1 between the adjacent protrusions 2b, 3b,
In addition, the distance L1 between the tip of the protruding portion 2b (or the protruding portion 3b) and the conducting portion 2 (or the conducting portion 3) is formed to be constant over the entire length. In the heating element A, since the distance L1 between the conducting parts 2 and 3 is always constant, the heating part 1
Can always be uniformly heated, and can be controlled to a constant temperature. Further, since the heat of the protruding portions 2b, 3b is less likely to be transmitted when the heat is radiated to the atmosphere than the conducting portions 2, 3 having a higher thermal conductivity than the heat generating portion 1, the bases of the protruding portions 2b, 3b are connected to the protruding portions. 2b, 3
By forming the small width portions 2c and 3c having a width smaller than that of the other portion b, heat radiation of the small width portions 2c and 3c can be suppressed, and the entire temperature can be made uniform. is there.

In the heating element A, the heating section 1 has a rate of change of the resistance value which is twice or more in the operating temperature range, and is four times or more and less than 20 times between the maximum operating temperature and the maximum operating temperature + 10 ° C. In order to have the rate of change of the resistance value, the kind and content of the resin material and the conductive substance of the heat generating portion 1, the shape of the heat generating portion 1,
It is possible to set the material, shape, and the like of the energizing units 2 and 3 (claim 5). In other words, the lowest use temperature of the heat generating portion 1 within the use temperature range (the range of arrow C in FIG. 62) is T1 (° C.),
The resistance value at that time is Ra (Ω), the maximum operating temperature in the operating temperature range is T2 (° C.), and the resistance value at that time is Rb (Ω).
When the resistance value at the maximum use temperature T2 + 10 ° C. is Rd (Ω), heat is generated so as to have the characteristics of Rb / Ra> 2 and 20> Rd / Rb> 4 as shown by the curve d in FIG. A part 1 is formed. And the characteristic of the heating part 1 is R
If b / Ra> 2 and 20> Rd / Rb> 4, it is possible to control the temperature of the heating part 1 (heating element A) within the operating temperature range even when the applied voltage or the operating environment temperature changes. And safe. By the way, Rb / Ra =
10, when the heating part 1 is formed of a material of Rd / Rb = 4.6, even if the applied voltage is changed to 100 ± 20 V and the ambient temperature (ambient temperature) is changed to 25 ± 15 ° C., the temperature of the heating element A is
Control temperature is controlled within the range of ± 3 ° C.

FIG. 63 shows an example of an embodiment of the heating element A according to the third aspect. The heating element A includes a heating section 1 formed of a resin material having the same positive temperature coefficient characteristics as described above;
It is provided with a pair of conducting parts 2 and 3 for conducting electricity to the heating part 1. The heat generating portion 1 is formed in a plate shape having a certain width and thickness, and is formed of a resin material prepared by containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity in a resin.

As the powdered conductive material, iron, aluminum, copper, carbon (carbon black) or the like can be used. It is preferable to use carbon. The resin constituting the heat generating portion 1 is made of a polyolefin resin, for example, a thermoplastic crystalline resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, or the like, and has a positive temperature coefficient (PTC).
Polyamide resin, polyacetal resin, PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) resin, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) resin, PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin Etc.
These may be used alone or may be used by blending. Then, a resin material for forming the heat generating portion 1 is prepared by mixing the conductive material and the resin.

The current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed in a rectangular shape and provided in contact with the surface of the heat-generating portion 1. There are no particular restrictions on the material that constitutes this, as long as it is a material that conducts electricity. The resistance is preferably lower than that of the heat generating portion 1. Specifically, it can be formed of copper, a copper alloy, iron, a stainless steel plate or a plate obtained by performing a surface treatment such as nickel plating or tin plating, or a metal such as aluminum, nickel, silver, or gold. In addition, the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed of a conductive resin prepared by dispersing conductive particles such as a metal or carbon in a resin or the like, or a conductive paint prepared by diluting the same with a solvent. You may. The shape of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 is plate-like, single-wire, mesh wire formed by knitting or twisting a plurality of single wires, and stranded wire shape formed by twisting a plurality of single wires. And so on. When the conductive material or the conductive paint is used, the conductive portions 2 and 3 can be formed in any shape. One end of each of the power supply units 2 and 3 is formed as a connection unit 25 for electrically connecting to a power distribution unit 90 such as an electric wire derived from the power supply 26.

The heating element A can be formed by fixing the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 to the heat-generating part 1 by extruding the heat-generating part 1 together with the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 or by extruding the heat-generating part. 1 is a method of insert-molding the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 when the injection-molding 1 is performed.
Of the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3
A method of simultaneously injection-molding the heat-generating parts 1 and 2 in a mold, a method of insert-molding the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 when press-forming the heat-generating part 1, and a method of insert-molding the heat-generating part 1 when press-molding the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 A method in which the heat-generating part 1 and the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 are simultaneously press-molded in a mold, a method in which the heat-generating part 1 is molded by an arbitrary method, and then the heat-curing parts 2 and 3 are fused by hot pressing. A method of forming the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 by an arbitrary method and then fusing the heat-generating portion 1 by a hot press, or a method of forming the heat-generating portion 1 by an arbitrary method and bonding the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 with a conductive adhesive. Or a method in which the heating portions 1 are formed by an arbitrary method and then the energizing portions 2 and 3 are added by plating, vapor deposition, or the like. And the like.

The heating element A generates heat when the power is applied to the power supply sections 2 and 3 by the power supply 26 and the power is supplied to the power supply sections 2 and 3 and the heating element 1. Since the power supply 26 is formed of a resin material having a coefficient characteristic, even if the amount of energization fluctuates due to fluctuations in the voltage of the power supply 26, the temperature is controlled so as not to exceed a certain temperature (control temperature). However, since the current-carrying units 2 and 3 do not have the positive temperature coefficient characteristic, if the voltage fluctuates for some reason such as a failure of the power supply 26 and the amount of current-carrying increases, the current-carrying units 2 and 3 generate heat due to self-heating. Then, the temperature may rise beyond the control temperature of the heat generating unit 1 and the temperature may not be controlled.

Therefore, in the heating element A according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the volume specific resistance value of the heating section 1 is ρ2, the cross-sectional area of the heating section 1 perpendicular to the direction of conduction of the heating section 1 is S2, and the specific gravity of the heating section 1 is To δ
2. The specific heat of the heat generating part 1 is C2, the volume specific resistances of the conductive parts 2, 3 are ρ1, ρ3, respectively, and the cross-sectional areas of the conductive parts 2, 3 perpendicular to the conductive direction of the conductive parts 2, 3 are S1, S3, respectively. , The specific gravities of the energizing units 2 and 3 are δ1 and δ3, respectively.
Where C1 and C3 are the specific heats of the heat generating portion 1, respectively, the volume specific resistance value ρ2 of the heat generating portion 1 is divided by the square of the cross-sectional area S2 of the heat generating portion 1, the specific gravity δ2 of the heat generating portion 1 and the specific heat C2 of the heat generating portion 1. The values obtained are the volume resistivity values ρ1 and ρ3 of the conducting parts 2 and 3, the square of the cross-sectional areas S1 and S3 of the conducting parts 2 and 3, the specific gravity δ1 and δ3 of the conducting parts 2 and 3, and the specific heat of the conducting parts 2 and 3. It is formed to be larger than the value obtained by dividing by the product of C1 and C3. That is, ρ2 / (S2 ² × δ2 × C2)> ρ1 / (S1 ² ×
δ1 × C1) or ρ2 / (S2 ² × δ2 × C2)
> Ρ3 / (S3 ² × δ3 × C3), the type and content of the resin material and the conductive substance of the heat generating portion 1, the shape of the heat generating portion 1, and the material and shape of the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 so as to satisfy the condition of Are set to form the heating element A. And the heating element A of the present invention has ρ2 / (S2 ² × δ2 × C2)> ρ1 /
(S1 ² × δ1 × C1) or ρ2 / (S2 ² × δ
(2 × C2)> ρ3 / (S3 ² × δ3 × C3), so that the heat-generating part 1 always generates more heat than the current-carrying parts 2 and 3 to a higher temperature. Thus, the temperature control in the heating section 1 can be reliably performed by the positive temperature coefficient characteristic. That is, since the current-carrying units 2 and 3 do not have a positive temperature (coefficient) characteristic,
The temperature changes under the influence of disturbances such as applied voltage and ambient temperature, and the temperature of the heating element A cannot be suppressed (controlled) within a certain range. However, the heating section 1 has a positive temperature (coefficient) characteristic. Therefore, the temperature of the heating element A can be suppressed to a certain range (controlled) even under the influence of disturbance such as applied voltage and ambient temperature. Therefore, the heat generating portion 1 and the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 are formed so as to satisfy the above conditions.

Incidentally, the heating value of the heating section 1 is Q2, the resistance value is R2, the temperature rise is H2, the volume is V2, the heating values of the conducting sections 2, 3 are Q1, Q3, respectively, and the resistance values are R1, R3, respectively. The temperature rises are H1 and H3, the volumes are V1 and V3, respectively, and the distances between the conducting parts 2 and 3 and the heating part 1 are L11 and L12, respectively. Further, the pair of conducting parts 2, 3 and the heating part 1 are connected in series. Since they are connected, if the current flowing during this time is i, Q1 = R1 × i × i, R1
1 = ρ1 × L11 / S1, V1 = S1 × L11,
Further, from Q1 = α × V1 × δ1 × C1 × H1, the temperature rise H1 of the energizing section 2 is H1 = ρ1 / (α × S1 ² × δ1).
× C1). Similarly, the temperature rise H3 of the energizing unit 3 is:
H3 = [rho] 3 / the ^{(α × S3 2 × δ3 ×} C3), the heat generating portion 1
The temperature rise H2 of, H2 = ρ2 / (α × S2 2 × δ2 ×
C2). Therefore, H2> H1, or H2> H
For ρ3, ρ2 / (S2 ² × δ2 × C2)> ρ1 /
(S1 ² × δ1 × C1) or ρ2 / (S2 ² × δ
2 × C2)> ρ3 / (α × S3 ² × δ3 × C3).

FIG. 64 shows an embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. The hair curling device B is a hair curler formed in a cylindrical shape, and is formed by providing any one of the heating elements A in a cylindrical hair winding body 45 formed of an insulating material. The heating element A is formed by providing a pair of conducting portions 2 and 3 on the outer surface of a cylindrical heating portion 1. Contact. Both ends of the hair winding body 45 are formed as hair winding body ends 46 which are thicker than the center of the hair winding body 45, so that the hair can be easily wound. A plurality of hair winding ribs 47 project from the hair winding body 45 along the circumference thereof, so that the hair is easy to wind and at the same time, the heat when the hair winding body 45 is touched is reduced. You can do it. Further, if the hair winding body 45 is made of a material having flexibility, the feel at the time of use can be improved.

In this hair curler, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the hair winding body 45 can be uniformly heated throughout the hair, and the hair can be curled uniformly. It is possible to make it simpler and lighter than a conventional hair curler. FIG. 65 shows another embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. This hair curling device B is a hair brush, and any one of the above-described heating elements A is provided on the outer surface of the heating element holding portion 49 of the brush body 48, and a bristle table 52 is provided on the outer surface of the heating element A, and a bristle table is provided. A plurality of bristles 53 are provided on the outer surface of the bristles 52, and the bristle base protrusions 50 formed at the ends of the bristle base 52 are engaged with the brush recesses 51. The heating element A is in close contact with the bristle base 52 and is held between the heating element holding section 49 and the heating element holding section 49. The bristle base 52 and the bristle 53 may be made of the same material or different materials, and the heating element holding portion 49 and the brush concave portion 51 may be made of the same material or different material as the brush body 48. Is also good.

In this hair brush, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the bristle table 52 can be uniformly heated throughout the hair brush, and the hair can be uniformly shaped. The structure is simpler and lighter than a conventional heat-generating hair brush. FIG. 66 shows another embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. This hair curling device B is a hair brush in which a grip portion 55 is provided on a brush portion 54 formed similarly to the hair brush of FIG. 65, and a cord portion 56 connected to a power supply device built in the grip portion 55 and the like. Is pulled out from the end of the grip 55 and a plug 57 is provided at the tip of the cord 56 to be inserted into an outlet. The plug 57 is connected to an outlet to supply electricity to the power supply device, and the power supply device supplies electricity to the heating element A to generate heat, thereby enabling use.

In this hair brush, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the bristle base 52 of the brush portion 54 is used.
Can generate heat uniformly throughout the entire body, and can evenly shape the hair and can have a simpler and lighter structure than conventional heat-generating hair brushes, improving usability. Is what you do. FIG. 67 shows another embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. This hair curling device B is a hair brush in which a grip portion 55 is provided on a brush portion 54 formed in the same manner as the hair brush of FIG. 65. The battery 59 is inserted, and the battery
The battery cover 92 is arranged so as to close the opening 8 and the battery cover 92 is fixed to the grip 55 by the battery cover engaging portion 61 provided on the battery cover 92. The heating element A can be heated by the electricity supplied from the battery 59. still,
The battery storage section 58 may be provided anywhere inside the hair brush.

In this hair brush, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the bristle base 52 of the brush portion 54 is used.
Can uniformly generate heat throughout the entire body, can evenly form the hair, and can have a simpler and lighter structure than a conventional heat-generating hair brush. Since the heat source 59 is used as a power source for generating heat from the heating element A, portability and usability are improved.

FIG. 68 shows another embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. The hair curling device B in FIG. 65 has a structure having a ventilation hole 60 penetrating the bristle base 52, the heating element A, and the heating element holding portion 49. In this hair brush, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the bristle table 52 can be uniformly heated throughout the hair, so that the hair can be uniformly shaped and the conventional heating method can be used. The structure is simpler and lighter than the hair brush.

FIG. 69 shows another embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. This hair curling device B is composed of a brush body 61 and a dryer main body 62. The brush body 61 has a cylindrical brush fitting portion 63 provided on a brush portion 54 similar to the hair brush of FIG. Is formed. A mated portion 64 is projected from the tip of the dryer main body 62, and an electric connection portion 65 and an air discharge port 66 are formed on the tip end surface of the mated portion 64. An engagement portion 67 is provided on a side surface of the portion 64. Further, an air suction port 68 is formed at the rear of the dryer main body 62, and a cord portion 56 having a plug 57 at the tip is led out from the rear of the dryer main body 62. Also, as shown in FIG.
2 is a motor 7 provided with a heater 69 and a fan 70.
1 are built in and connected to power supply devices (not shown) that are electrically connected to the cord section 56, respectively. Further, the heater 69 is electrically connected to the electric connection section 65 by a wiring 95.

In such a hair setting device B, the brush fitting portion 63 of the brush body 61 is fitted to the fitted portion 64 of the dryer main body 62, and the engaging portion 67 is engaged with the brush fitting portion 63. The brush body 61 and the dryer main body 62 are used integrally. When the switch 72 is turned on with the plug 57 connected to the outlet, the heater 69 is supplied with power and generates heat, and the motor 71 operates to rotate the fan 70. By the rotation of the fan 70, air is introduced into the dryer main body 62 from the air suction port 68, the introduced air is heated by the heater 69, and the warmed air passes through the air discharge port 66 and the brush body 61. Will be introduced. Thereafter, the air introduced into the brush body 61 is discharged through the ventilation holes 60 and supplied to the hair. Further, when the switch 72 is turned on, electricity is supplied to the heating element A in the brush body 61 through the electric connection portion 63, so that the heating element A generates heat.

In this hair brush, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the bristle table 52 can be uniformly heated over the entire surface, and the hair can be made uniform and the hair can be made uniform. The structure is simpler and lighter than the heat-generating hair brush. In addition, the hair can be blown with hot air, the hair can be dried at the same time, and the hair can be shaped more effectively.

FIG. 71 shows another embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. The hair curling device B is a hair clip which is used so as to sandwich hair. The hair clip is composed of a pair of clip bodies 75 formed in a substantially rectangular shape by the operation section 73 and the sandwiching section 74.
By pivotally connecting the connecting pieces 76 formed at the connecting portion between the operating portion 73 and the sandwiching portion 74 using the shaft 96, the pair of clip bodies 75 are rotated with respect to each other. It is connected so that it can be done.

A spring 77 formed of a leaf spring or the like is provided between the opposing operation portions 73. The elastic force of the spring 77 urges the holding portions 74 to be close to each other and to be closed. Have been. One of the heating elements A is provided on the inner surface of the holding portion 74, and the hair clip is used such that the heating element A is held in contact with the hair so that the hair is held between the holding portions 74. .

[0131] In this hair clip, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the portion sandwiching the hair can be heated uniformly over the entirety, and the hair can be uniformly curled. The structure is simpler and lighter than a conventional heat-type hair clip.
FIG. 72 shows another embodiment of the hair setting device B according to claim 37. This hair curling device B is composed of a grip body 7
8 is provided with a cylindrical hair winding body 79 and a hair presser 80, and any of the heating elements A is provided inside the hair winding body 79. A cord portion 81 is connected to the current-carrying portions 2 and 3 of the heating element A, and a plug 82 is provided at a tip of the cord portion 81 which is led out from an end of the grip body 78. The hair retainer 80 is the retainer 8
3 and a knob 84, and a hair is obtained by gripping a connecting portion 86 between the pressing portion 83 and the knob 84 to a support 85 projecting from the main body 78 using a shaft 96. The presser 80 is rotatably attached to the grip body 78.

A spring 77, such as a leaf spring, is provided between the grip body 78 and the knob 84. The elastic force of the spring 77 causes the pressing portion 83 to close and close to the hair winding body 79. Always being energized. Then, the hair is wound around the hair winding body portion 79 in a state where heat is generated by energizing the heating element A via the plug 82 and the cord portion 81, and the hair wound around the hair winding body portion 79 by the holding portion 83 of the hair holding member 80. By pressing the hair, it is possible to add a habit to the hair. In addition, this hair set device B
However, a built-in battery type as shown in FIG. 67 may be adopted.

In the hair setting device B, since the heating element A of the present invention is used, the portion sandwiching the hair can be heated uniformly over the entirety, and the hair can be uniformly shaped. It can be made simpler and lighter in weight than a conventional heat-generating hair setting device. In addition, by incorporating a battery, the portability is improved and the usability is improved.

[0134]

As described above, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that a heat generating portion formed of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic;
In a heating element formed to include at least a pair of current-carrying portions for energizing the heat-generating portion, the resistance value of the heat-generating portion between the shortest distance between the pair of current-carrying portions is determined by a cross-sectional area of the heat-generating portion perpendicular to the current-carrying direction. Is larger than the value obtained by dividing the resistance between both ends in the direction of current flow of the current-carrying part by the cross-sectional area of the current-carrying part perpendicular to the current-carrying direction of the current-carrying part. Therefore, the temperature of the heat generating portion having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic can be reliably controlled.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating section formed of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and energizing the heating section. In a heating element formed with at least a pair of current-carrying portions, the product of the volume specific resistance of the heat-generating portion and the shortest distance between the pair of current-carrying portions is represented by a cross-sectional area of the heat-generating portion perpendicular to the current-carrying direction of the heat-generating portion. Since the divided value is larger than the value obtained by dividing the product of the volume specific resistance value of the energized portion and the distance of the energized portion in contact with the heat generating portion by the cross-sectional area S of the energized portion perpendicular to the energized direction of the energized portion, The heat generating portion can always generate more heat than the current-carrying portion to achieve a higher temperature, and the temperature control in the heat generating portion having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic can be reliably performed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat generating portion made of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least a current flowing through the heat generating portion. In a heating element formed by including a pair of current-carrying portions, the volume specific resistance of the heat-generating portion is determined by calculating the square of the cross-sectional area of the heat-generating portion perpendicular to the current-flow direction of the heat-generating portion, the specific gravity of the heat-generating portion, and the specific heat of the heat-generating portion. Is the value obtained by dividing the volume resistivity of the conducting part by the square of the cross-sectional area of the conducting part perpendicular to the conducting direction of the conducting part, the product of the specific gravity of the conducting part, and the specific heat of the conducting part. Since the temperature is made larger, the heat-generating portion can always generate more heat than the current-carrying portion to achieve a higher temperature, and temperature control in the heat-generating portion having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic can be reliably performed. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, at least a pair of projecting portions are provided to form a comb-like conducting portion.
Since the base of the protrusion is formed to be narrower than the other parts of the protrusion and the distance between the pair of conducting parts is always constant, the heat radiation at the base of the protrusion can be suppressed. A uniform temperature distribution can be obtained. Further, in the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention, the heat generating portion has a rate of change of the resistance value which is twice or more in a use temperature range, and is four times between a maximum use temperature and a maximum use temperature + 10 ° C. Since the resistance has a change rate of less than 20 times, the temperature can be suppressed to a certain range even when affected by disturbance such as applied voltage and ambient temperature.

In the invention according to claim 6 of the present invention, since the heat-generating portion has rubber elasticity in the operating temperature range, the heat-generating portion can be easily deformed, and is used in a case or the like. It can be used corresponding to various shapes without being restricted by the shape, and the usability is improved. In the invention according to claim 7 of the present invention, the heat generating portion has a change rate of the resistance value of 10 times or more in the operating temperature range, and increases by 10 times between the maximum operating temperature and the maximum operating temperature + 5 ° C. With the above-described rate of change of the resistance value, the temperature of the heating element can be controlled within the use temperature range even when the applied voltage or the use environment temperature changes, and thus it is safe.

Further, in the invention according to claim 8 of the present invention, since the distance between the pair of energized parts is always kept constant, heat can always be uniformly generated in the heat generating part and the energized part, and the temperature can be kept constant. It can be controlled. In the invention according to claim 9 of the present invention, since the current-carrying portion is formed in a comb shape and the distance between the pair of current-carrying portions is always constant, the heat-generating portion and the current-carrying portion can always generate heat uniformly. It can be controlled at a constant temperature.

The invention according to claim 10 of the present invention provides
Since the peripheral end of the current-carrying part is rounded, it is possible to prevent current from concentrating on the peripheral end of the current-carrying part. Can be controlled. In the invention according to claim 11 of the present invention, the distance between the conducting parts in a region where the temperature of the heating part is low is smaller than the distance between the conducting parts in another region of the heating part. The heat generating portion can generate heat uniformly over the entirety.

The invention according to claim 12 of the present invention provides
Since the peeling prevention means is provided between the heat generating part and the conducting part,
Separation can be prevented from occurring between the heat-generating portion and the current-carrying portion, and uniform power can be supplied to the heat-generating portion to generate uniform heat. Further, in the invention according to claim 13 of the present invention, since the engaging portion having the uneven shape is formed on the energized portion as the exfoliation preventing means, it is possible to prevent exfoliation from occurring between the heating portion and the energized portion. In addition, it is possible to uniformly supply power to the heat generating portion and to generate uniform heat.

The invention according to claim 14 of the present invention provides
Since a holding portion having an uneven shape is formed on the heat generating portion as the separation preventing means, separation can be prevented from occurring between the heat generating portion and the current-carrying portion, and uniform power supply to the heat generating portion can be performed. It can generate uniform heat. In the invention according to claim 15 of the present invention, since the current-carrying portion is provided on the circuit portion formed in the heat-generating portion, the relative position of the pair of current-carrying portions is easily determined, and the distance between the current-carrying portions is stabilized. The heat generation state is stable and the whole can be uniformly heated.

The invention according to claim 16 of the present invention provides
Since the energizing portion is provided on the concave circuit portion formed in the heat generating portion, the relative position of the pair of energizing portions can be easily determined, and the distance between the energizing portions can be determined stably. The whole can generate heat uniformly.
In the invention according to claim 17 of the present invention, since the current-carrying portion is provided on the convex circuit portion formed on the heat-generating portion, the relative position of the pair of current-carrying portions is easily determined, and the distance between the current-carrying portions is reduced. It can be determined stably, the heat generation state is stable, and the whole can be uniformly heated.

The invention according to claim 18 of the present invention provides
Since the heat equalizing plate having a higher thermal conductivity than the heat generating portion is provided in contact with the heat generating portion, the heat generated in the heat generating portion can be transmitted to the whole by the heat equalizing plate, and the whole can be uniformly heated. You can do it. Further, in the invention according to claim 19 of the present invention, since the short-circuit preventing portion having an uneven shape is formed between the pair of current-carrying portions, a short circuit between the current-carrying portions can be prevented by the short-circuit preventing portion. Even if the distance between the current-carrying parts is shortened in order to generate heat, the possibility that the current-carrying parts become unusable due to a short-circuit is reduced.

The invention according to claim 20 of the present invention provides:
Since at least one short-circuit preventing partition is formed in the heat-generating portion between the pair of current-carrying portions, a short-circuit between the current-carrying portions can be prevented by the short-circuit preventing portion. Even if the length is shortened, the possibility of short-circuiting between the current-carrying parts and making it unusable is reduced. In the invention according to claim 21 of the present invention, since at least one short-circuit preventing groove is formed in the heat generating portion between the pair of conductive portions, a short circuit between the conductive portions can be prevented by the short-circuit preventing portion. Even if the distance between the current-carrying parts is shortened in order to uniformly generate heat, the possibility that the current-carrying parts are short-circuited and unusable is reduced.

The invention according to claim 22 of the present invention provides
Since the heat generating portion includes a heat generating portion formed of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least one pair of flexible energizing portions for energizing the heat generating portion, heat is generated. The thermal expansion of the part can be prevented from being restricted by the current-carrying part, and the positive temperature characteristic can be obtained without restriction and the self-temperature control function can be accurately performed.

The invention according to claim 23 of the present invention provides:
The current-carrying portion is a conductor such as a stranded wire or a mesh wire and has elasticity, so that the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion can be prevented from being restricted by the current-carrying portion, and the positive temperature characteristic is not restricted. The self-temperature control function comes out correctly. In the invention according to claim 24 of the present invention, the current-carrying portion is a corrugated or coil-shaped conductor and has elasticity, so that the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion is not restricted by the current-carrying portion. The positive temperature characteristic can be obtained without any restriction, and the self-temperature control function can be accurately performed.

The invention according to claim 25 of the present invention provides:
Since the conductive portion is provided with an uneven peeling preventing portion for preventing peeling from the heat generating portion, it is possible to prevent peeling from occurring between the heat generating portion and the conductive portion, and to a uniform heat generating portion. Electricity can be supplied and uniform heat generation can be performed. In the invention according to claim 26 of the present invention, since the current-carrying portion is formed of a conductive paint and has elasticity,
The thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion can be prevented from being restricted by the current-carrying portion, and the positive temperature characteristic can be obtained without any restriction, so that the self-temperature control function can be accurately performed.

The invention according to claim 27 of the present invention provides:
A heating element formed of a resin material containing a powdered conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and a heating element formed including at least a pair of current-carrying sections for energizing the heating section Since the heat generating portion is contained in the continuous porous material, it is possible to prevent the mechanical properties of the continuous porous material from deteriorating, prevent elution of the heat generating portion, and control the temperature. However, the shape can be maintained.

The invention according to claim 28 of the present invention provides:
Since the continuous pore porous body has flexibility, the continuous pore porous body can be easily deformed, and is used in various shapes without being limited by a shape when used by being incorporated in a case or the like. And the usability is improved. The invention according to claim 29 of the present invention is characterized in that since the continuous porous body has flexibility in a direction connecting the pair of conducting portions, the shape can be maintained even in a state where the temperature is controlled, The thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion can be prevented from being restricted between the current-carrying portions, and the positive temperature characteristics are not restricted and the self-temperature control function can be realized.

The invention according to claim 30 of the present invention provides
While forming a conductive part in the continuous porous body, another heat generating part made of a resin material having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity was provided in the continuous porous body. Therefore, the shape can be maintained even in the state where the temperature is controlled, and it is possible to prevent the heat-generating portion from flowing out at the time of melting.Moreover, compared with the case where the entire heat-generating portion is contained in the continuous porous material. In addition, the thermal expansion of the heat generating portion can be prevented from being restricted, and the positive temperature characteristic can be obtained without any restriction, and the self-temperature control function can be realized.

The invention according to claim 31 of the present invention provides
Since the other heat generating portion is sandwiched between a pair of continuous porous materials, the shape can be maintained even when the temperature is controlled, and the heat generating portion can be prevented from flowing out at the time of melting. In comparison with the case where all of the material is contained in the continuous porous material, the thermal expansion of the heat generating part can be prevented from being restricted, and the positive temperature characteristic is not restricted and the self-temperature control function is improved. It comes out.

The invention according to claim 32 of the present invention provides:
Since the pair of current-carrying portions formed in the continuous-porous body are formed in the same continuous-porous body, the shape can be maintained even in a state where the temperature is controlled, and the flow of the heat-generating portion at the time of melting is started. Can be prevented, and the thermal expansion of the heat-generating portion is not restricted as compared with the case where the entire heat-generating portion is contained in the continuous porous body, and the positive temperature characteristic is not restricted. The self-temperature control function comes out.

The invention according to claim 33 of the present invention provides
Since the pair of current-carrying portions formed in the continuous-porous body are formed in different continuous-porous bodies, respectively, the shape can be maintained even when the temperature is controlled, and the heat-generating portion can be melted during melting. Flowing can be prevented, and the thermal expansion of the heat generating portion can be less restricted than when the entire heat generating portion is contained in the continuous porous body, and the positive temperature characteristic is restricted. The self-temperature control function comes out directly. In addition, the distance between the current-carrying portions can be always kept constant by the thickness of the heat-producing portion and the continuous porous body, so that the heat-producing portion and the current-carrying portion can always generate uniform heat, and can be controlled at a constant temperature. Things.

The invention according to claim 34 of the present invention provides
A heating element formed of a resin material containing a powdered conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and a heating element formed including at least a pair of current-carrying sections for energizing the heating section Since a base material having the same coefficient of thermal expansion or elasticity as the resin material is formed, and the base is provided with the conductive part and the conductive part is brought into contact with the heating part, the thermal expansion of the heating part is not restricted. The self-temperature control function can be performed without any restriction on the positive temperature characteristic.

The invention according to claim 35 of the present invention provides:
Since the current-carrying part is provided between the heat-generating part and the base material, the base material can be prevented from peeling off from the heat-generating part, and can be uniformly energized to the heat-generating part to generate uniform heat. Can be done. In the invention according to claim 36 of the present invention, since an independent structural material is provided in the heat generating portion, the heat generating portion can be reinforced with the structural material, and the shape can be maintained even when the temperature is controlled. Can be done.

[0157] The invention described in claim 37 of the present invention provides:
Since the hair setting device using the heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 36, a portion to be applied to the hair can be uniformly heated by the heating element, and the hair can be uniformly shaped.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of a heating element of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a temperature and a resistance value according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another example of the above embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 16 is a partial sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 18 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 26 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 27 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 28 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 29 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 30 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 31 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 34 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 37 is a perspective view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 38 is a perspective view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 39 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 40 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 41 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 42 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 43 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 44 shows an example of another embodiment of the present invention (a).
(B) is a sectional view.

FIG. 45 is a partial cross-sectional view showing FIG.

FIG. 46 is a sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 47 is a sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 48 is a sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 49 is a sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 50 is a sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 51 is a sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 52 is a sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 53 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 54 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 55 is a sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 56 is a sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 57 is a sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the above.

FIG. 59 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 60 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 61 is a plan view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 62 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and resistance value in another embodiment of the above embodiment.

FIG. 63 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 64 is a sectional view showing an example of an embodiment of a hair setting device of the present invention.

FIG. 65 is a sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 66 is a perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 67 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 68 is a sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 69 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 70 is a schematic view showing the inside of the above.

FIG. 71 is a side view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 72 is a sectional view showing an example of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 73 is a plan view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 74 is a partially broken perspective view showing another conventional example.

FIG. 75 is a schematic view showing the operation of the heating element.

FIG. 76 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of the heating element, the amount of heat generation, and the resistance value.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat generation part 2 Current supply part 2b Projection part 3 Current supply part 3b Projection part 4 Separation prevention means 5 Lock part 6 Holding part 7 Circuit part 8 Concave circuit part 9 Convex circuit part 10 Heat equalizing plate 11 Short circuit prevention part 12 Short circuit prevention partition Reference Signs List 13 Short-circuit prevention groove part 14 Peeling prevention part 15 Continuous porous body 16 Heating part 17 Base material 18 Structural material A Heating element B Hair set device

Claims (37)

[Claims] 1. A heating element formed of a resin material containing a powdery conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and formed with at least a pair of current-carrying sections for energizing the heating section. In the heating element, a value obtained by dividing the resistance value of the heating section between the shortest distance between the pair of conduction sections by the cross-sectional area of the heating section perpendicular to the conduction direction of the heating section is the distance between both ends in the conduction direction of the conduction section. A heating element characterized in that the resistance value is larger than a value obtained by dividing a resistance value of the current-carrying section by a cross-sectional area of the current-carrying section perpendicular to the current-carrying direction of the current-carrying section. 2. A heat-generating part comprising a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least a pair of current-carrying parts for supplying current to the heat-generating part. In the heating element, the value obtained by dividing the product of the volume specific resistance value of the heating part and the shortest distance of the pair of conducting parts by the cross-sectional area of the heating part perpendicular to the conducting direction of the heating part is the volume specific resistance of the conducting part. A heating element, wherein a product of a resistance value and a distance of the current-carrying portion in contact with the heat-generating portion is larger than a value obtained by dividing the product by a cross-sectional area of the current-carrying portion perpendicular to a current-carrying direction of the current-carrying portion. 3. A heat-generating part comprising a resin material containing a powdery conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least a pair of current-carrying parts for supplying electricity to the heat-generating part. In the heating element, the value obtained by dividing the volume specific resistance value of the heating section by the square of the cross-sectional area of the heating section perpendicular to the conduction direction of the heating section, the product of the specific gravity of the heating section, and the specific heat of the heating section,
It is characterized in that the volume specific resistance of the current-carrying part is made larger than the value obtained by dividing the square of the cross-sectional area of the current-carrying part perpendicular to the current-carrying direction of the current-carrying part and the product of the specific gravity of the current-carrying part and the specific heat of the current-carrying part. Heating element. 4. A comb-shaped energizing portion is formed by providing at least a pair of projecting portions, a base of the projecting portion is formed to have a width smaller than other portions of the projecting portion, and a distance between the pair of energizing portions is always set. The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating element is made constant. 5. The heating section has a rate of change of a resistance value of at least twice within a use temperature range, and has a resistance value of at least 4 times and less than 20 times between a maximum use temperature and a maximum use temperature + 10 ° C. The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heating element has a rate of change. 6. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the heating section has rubber elasticity within a use temperature range. 7. The heating unit has a resistance change rate of 10 times or more in a use temperature range, and a resistance change rate of 10 times or more between a maximum use temperature and a maximum use temperature + 5 ° C. The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heating element is provided. 8. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the pair of current-carrying portions is always constant. 9. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the current-carrying portion is formed in a comb shape, and a distance between the pair of current-carrying portions is always constant. 10. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein a peripheral end of the current-carrying section is rounded. 11. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the conducting portions in a region where the temperature of the heating portion is low is smaller than a distance between the conducting portions in another region of the heating portion.
The heating element according to any one of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 10. 12. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein a separation preventing means is provided between the heating section and the conducting section. 13. A method according to claim 1, wherein said peeling preventing means is formed by forming a concave-convex locking portion on the current-carrying portion.
3. The heating element according to 2. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the exothermic prevention means is formed by forming an uneven holding portion on the heat generating portion.
The heating element according to 2 or 13. 15. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the current-carrying section is provided on a circuit section formed in the heating section. 16. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said energizing section is provided on a concave circuit section formed in said heat generating section.
5. The heating element according to any one of 5. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the current-carrying portion is provided on a convex circuit portion formed on the heat-generating portion.
6. The heating element according to any one of 6. 18. The heat generating element according to claim 1, wherein a heat equalizing plate having higher heat conductivity than the heat generating part is provided in contact with the heat generating part. 19. A method according to claim 1, wherein a short-circuit preventing portion having an uneven shape is formed between said pair of conducting portions.
9. The heating element according to any one of 8. 20. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein at least one short-circuit preventing partition is formed in the heating portion between the pair of conducting portions. 21. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein at least one short-circuit preventing groove is formed in the heating portion between the pair of conducting portions. 22. A heating section formed of a resin material containing a powdery conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least one pair of flexible conducting sections for supplying electricity to the heating section. A heating element comprising: a heating element; 23. The heating element according to claim 22, wherein the current-carrying part is made of a conductor such as a stranded wire or a mesh wire and has elasticity. 24. The heating element according to claim 22, wherein the current-carrying portion is a corrugated or coiled conductor and has elasticity. 25. The heating element according to claim 22, wherein the current-carrying portion is provided with a peeling prevention portion having an uneven shape for preventing peeling from the heating portion. 26. The heating element according to claim 22, wherein the current-carrying portion is formed of a conductive paint and has elasticity. 27. A heating section formed of a resin material containing a powdered conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least one pair of conducting sections for supplying electricity to the heating section. A heating element according to claim 1, wherein said heating element is contained in a continuous porous body. 28. The heating element according to claim 27, wherein the continuous porous body has flexibility. 29. The heating element according to claim 27, wherein the continuous porous body has flexibility in a direction connecting the pair of conducting parts. 30. A heat-generating part is formed in said continuous pore porous body, and another heat-generating part made of a resin material containing a powdery conductive material having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic is formed by continuous pores. The heating element according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the heating element is provided on a porous body. 31. The heating element according to claim 30, wherein said another heating section is sandwiched between a pair of continuous porous bodies. 32. The heating element according to claim 30, wherein the pair of conducting portions formed in the continuous porous body are formed in the same continuous porous body. 33. The heating element according to claim 30, wherein the pair of current-carrying portions formed in the continuous porous body are formed in different continuous porous bodies, respectively. 34. A heating section formed of a resin material containing a powdered conductive substance having conductivity and having a positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and at least one pair of conducting sections for supplying electricity to the heating section. In the heating element, a base material having the same coefficient of thermal expansion or elasticity as the resin material is formed, and the conductive part is provided on the base material and the conductive part is brought into contact with the heat generating part. A heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 33. 35. The heating element according to claim 34, wherein the current-carrying part is provided between the heating part and the base material. 36. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein an independent structural member is provided in the heating section. 37. A hair setting device using the heating element according to claim 1.