JPH1176197A - Mri - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remarkably reduce an exposure to an electromagnetic wave, and improve safety by using control pieces added to an MRI device as control pieces of a field, imparting an electric field to an inserting piece by a field control means, and measuring a position or a property change of the inserting piece. SOLUTION: A support frame 3 of a local MRI is temporarily installed on a tooth, and an inserting piece such as a file and a reamer is inserted from a tool inserting hole 22. After the tip of the file and the reamer is positioned in a position such as an apical hole while picking up an image of the MRI, an exciting pulse is irradiated by a high frequency coil 6. At this time, respective control pieces are controlled in driving through a generator or the like by a control circuit, and a field control signal is sent out. An LC impedance or electromotive force in an inclined magnetic field coil 39 is measured by using a single element of the inclined magnetic field coil 39. Afterwards, the reamer and the file are set in an apical position up to a place to show a detected value, and a root canal is expanded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the treatment of MRI,
MRI characterized by performing diagnosis, navigation, etc.
Apparatus, method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a navigation system using a CT and an articulated arm.

[0003]

In a conventional tomography machine such as CT or MRI, only a single function called tomography exists, and imaging and navigation using only this tomography function are performed. There was a problem that only the application in use existed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object the purpose of adding and mounting functions and means other than a tomography function to measure the position of an inserter, determine properties, Such as the induction of substances, direct effects on tissues,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an MRI that enables therapeutic and diagnostic functions such as an increase in the sensitivity and action of an agonist.

[0005]

An MRI apparatus according to the present invention comprises:
The following technical measures were adopted. [[Means of claim 1] The MRI apparatus of claim 1 is used in an MRI apparatus such as a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus for performing treatment or diagnosis by inserting an inserter.
Newly added controller or MR in MRI system
Using at least one or more field controllers in the I-device native controller, or a combination thereof, as a field controller, at least a portion of the signals or field control signals of the MRI imaging sequence to the field controllers An electric field or / and from the field control means to be applied;
A method of applying a magnetic field and / or an electromagnetic field to the inserter and measuring the position or property change of the inserter is adopted.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an MRI apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein a receiver (controller) newly added to the MRI apparatus or a receiver (controller) originally provided by the MRI apparatus is used. Child) or at least one field receiver (controller) in the combination thereof
Is adopted as the receiving means.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an MRI apparatus such as a newly added controller or an MRI apparatus original controller or an MRI apparatus such as a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus. Using at least one or more field controllers in the combination as a field controller, an inductive material, such as an ion or magnetic material, that is moved by an electric or / and magnetic field or / and electromagnetic field. Is provided with a guiding means for guiding.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an MRI apparatus, such as a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus, wherein a newly added controller or an original controller of the MRI apparatus, or a controller thereof. Using at least one or more field controllers in the combination as field controllers, an excitation means for exciting a living or non-living substance by an electric or / and magnetic field or / and an electromagnetic field; It is characterized by having.

The MRI apparatus according to claim 5 includes magnetic field generating means for inserting a local part of an object to be measured such as a human body, and a gradient magnetic field generating means, high frequency excitation based on the local magnetic field generating means. Means and receiving means.

[0010] The MRI apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention blocks as much as possible external noise to a measurement site in a band necessary for measurement, and an electric field and a magnetic field generated at the MRI measurement site. In order to keep the electromagnetic wave at the measurement site as much as possible, an electric field, a magnetic field or an electromagnetic field, or at least one component of a shielding material in a combination thereof, at least at the time of application, a fluid,
A shield material characterized by being applied in any one of a viscous body, an elastic body, a viscoelastic body, a thin film body, a fibrous body, a liquid, a solid, and a powder, or all possible combinations thereof, At least a part or all of the measurement object and the MRI apparatus is provided with a shielding material that is a part of the shielding means as the shielding means.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an MRI method for measuring an object to be measured accompanied by a substance having a relative magnetic permeability other than 1 in a measurement magnetic field, or using such a magnetic field control substance. An MRI apparatus for controlling a magnetic field by using the
Then, the MRI apparatus and the object to be measured or / and / or the position detecting means or / and the position defining means for detecting and / or defining the position based on one or both of the time and space and the magnetic field controlling substance. Then, a magnetic field analyzing means for analyzing a magnetic field based on a positional relationship with the magnetic field control substance is provided, and a measurement method for measuring an object to be measured with the analyzed magnetic field is adopted.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an MRI apparatus for measuring an object to be measured accompanied by a substance having a relative permeability other than 1 in a measurement magnetic field, or using such a magnetic field control substance. An MRI apparatus for controlling a magnetic field by using the
Then, the MRI apparatus and the object to be measured or / and / or the position detecting means or / and the position defining means for detecting and / or defining the position based on one or both of the time and space and the magnetic field controlling substance. The magnetic field analyzing means for analyzing the magnetic field based on the positional relationship with the magnetic field controlling substance is provided, and the MR for measuring the object to be measured with the analyzed magnetic field is provided.
Employ an I measurement device.

[Means of Claim 9] The MRI apparatus of claim 9 is characterized in that at least a part of the MRI apparatus is provided with a heat absorbing means for a contrast medium or an object to be measured.

[Means of claim 10] The MRI of claim 10
The apparatus is characterized in that at least a part of the magnetic field generating means or the MRI apparatus is provided with a contrast means for holding and / or providing / supplying the contrast material.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the MRI apparatus or method according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, at least one of the magnetic field generating means applies a magnetic source provided to an object such as a living body, and / or an object such as a living body. An MRI apparatus or method characterized in that it is a magnetic source emitted by the MRI.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an MRI apparatus or method according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, wherein an electromagnetic field generated by a shield or a surrounding object, an MRI or an external device, or a noise for removing a re-radiated wave in the electromagnetic field is provided. An MRI apparatus or method including a removing unit is employed.

[13] The MRI apparatus or method according to any one of [1] to [12], wherein the components, parts or units or functions thereof are continuously or intermittently or dispersed or expanded. Adopt equipment or method.

[Claim 14] The MRI apparatus or method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein one or more units or components thereof are a pulse sequence,
Local coil by transmission of position detection sequence, external magnetic field or / and electric field or / and electromagnetic field,
An electric field generated by various means such as an echo emitted from an LC element such as an antenna, an electromagnetic field from a light spot, a mechanical position detecting means such as an articulated arm, and / or a magnetic field;
And / or an MRI apparatus or method, which is accompanied by an apparatus or method for detecting the position based on the electromagnetic field or / and the state information by the mechanism of each means.

[Means of Claim 15] In the MRI apparatus or method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the electromagnetic field or electric field control is performed by an electric field or an electromagnetic field control substance, and the electromagnetic field or electric field is kept only at the measurement site as much as possible. It is characterized by things.

[16] The MRI apparatus according to any one of [1] to [15], further comprising a function improving means for whole body MRI and / or a function dispersing means for whole body or local machine. An MRI apparatus or method characterized by improving or dispersing functions in a whole body machine or a local machine is adopted.

Effects of the Invention and Effects of the Invention

[Operation and Effect of Claim 1] The MRI apparatus of claim 1 is a new addition to the MRI apparatus in the case of performing treatment or diagnosis by inserting an inserter in an MRI apparatus such as a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus. Control,
Or an MRI device native controller, or at least one or more field controllers in a combination thereof,
An electric field or / and / or a magnetic field or / and an electromagnetic field are inserted into the inserter by a field controller for applying at least a part of the MRI imaging sequence or a field control signal to the field controller by using the field controller as a field controller To measure the position or property change of the inserter, so that the measurement can be performed without using the complicated and high-energy excitation operation by the original MRI imaging. Is much less secure and can accurately and accurately measure and determine probing positions. Further, it is possible to detect a change in properties of the insert, the tissue, and the like.

[Action and Effect of Claim 2] The MRI apparatus of claim 2 is the same as the MRI apparatus of claim 1,
Since a newly added receiver (controller) in the apparatus, a receiver (controller) originally from the MRI apparatus, or at least one or more field receivers (controllers) in a combination thereof is adopted as the receiving means. In some cases, the position measurement and the property measurement can be performed with higher accuracy than when the receiver is not used.

[Action and Effect of Claim 3] The MRI apparatus of claim 3 is an MRI apparatus such as a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus.
In RI system, newly added controller or MR
An I-device native controller, or at least one or more field controllers in a combination thereof, may be used as a field controller to provide an electric or / and magnetic field or /
It is equipped with an inducing means for inducing inductive substances such as ions or magnetic substances that move by an electromagnetic field, so that drugs, contrast agents, etc. can be applied to the site of action accurately and at high speed. Can work.

[Action and Effect of Claim 4] The MRI apparatus of claim 4 is an MRI apparatus such as a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus.
In RI system, newly added controller or MR
An I-device native controller, or at least one or more field controllers in a combination thereof, may be used as a field controller to provide an electric or / and magnetic field or /
With an electromagnetic field, an excitation means for exciting a living body or a substance other than the living body is characterized by being provided with a filler,
The effects of materials and drugs can be expressed and enhanced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a small-sized MRI apparatus comprising a magnetic field generating means for inserting a local part of an object to be measured such as a human body, and a gradient magnetic field generating means based on the local magnetic field generating means. Since it is equipped with high-frequency excitation means and reception means, it is very small and inexpensive, strong against disturbance, good in resolution, good in operability, and when the object to be measured is a living body,
The effect on a part other than the measurement part of the living body is very small. Therefore, in particular, in the related art, a large amount of the above-described disturbance such as disturbance of an image and artifacts which have occurred around a metal crown or the like has occurred. However, this apparatus can obtain an image without disturbance. In addition, it can be used in combination with a treatment device such as a tooth cutting device, a device, or the like, which is impossible with the conventional device. In addition, if a magnetic field and an electromagnetic field intensity equivalent to those of the conventional machine are given, especially, tissue based on teeth (especially dentin), bone, etc., substances taken into the living body such as F, or bio-functional substances such as P and Na are used. Low resonance substances in the body can be measured. In addition, this makes it possible to measure teeth (particularly dentin and the like) and hard tissues such as bones, which can only be measured by conventional X-rays, so that X-ray exposure is eliminated. Conventional M
It is much less invasive than RI. Therefore, in some cases, it can be used for patients contraindicated in MRI such as pacemaker users. Thus, the effect of inserting the magnetic field locally is very large.

[Function and Effect of Claim 6] The MRI apparatus according to claim 6 blocks as much as possible external noise to a measurement site in a band required for measurement, and further reduces MR noise.
I In order to keep the electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic waves generated at the measurement site as small as possible at the measurement site, at least one component of a shielding substance in the electric field, the magnetic field, or the electromagnetic field, or a combination thereof, A shielding material characterized by being applied in one of body, viscous body, elastic body, viscoelastic body, thin film body, fibrous body, liquid, solid, powder, or all conceivable combinations Since at least a part or the whole of the object to be measured and the MRI apparatus is employed as a shielding means, which is a part of the shielding means, external noise is greatly reduced, so that sensitivity and resolution can be increased, and MRI can be performed. Since the influence of the electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field generated near the measurement unit on other tissues and therapeutic devices is reduced, non-invasive and safe diagnosis and treatment can be performed.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an MRI method for measuring an object to be measured accompanied by a substance having a relative magnetic permeability other than 1 in a measurement magnetic field, or such magnetic field control. Position detection, which detects and / or defines the position based on one or both of the MRI apparatus which controls the magnetic field using the substance, the object to be measured and / or the magnetic field control substance, either temporally or spatially, or both. A magnetic field analyzing means for analyzing a magnetic field based on a positional relationship between the MRI apparatus and the object to be measured or / and the magnetic field control substance by the means and / or the position defining means, and the object to be measured is analyzed by the analyzed magnetic field. Since the measurement method used for measurement is adopted, this method can be applied to living organisms such as teeth covered or inserted with metals and other materials that have values far apart from biological permeability, such as ferromagnetic materials, which could not be measured conventionally. Machine Due to this, the image can be observed inside or around it, and not only a good image without distortion and artifacts can be observed, but also in conjunction with the treatment equipment, diagnosis of inserts, inserts, etc. It can be used as an active navigator for treatment and restoration. These effects make it possible to diagnose and treat with incredible accuracy at present in clinical practice, and in the past it was not possible to observe coated teeth such as metal crowns with conventional MRI or X-rays. This is made possible by the present invention. Since the magnetic field can be actively controlled, the spatial position of the measurement site can be freely changed. Further, the magnetic field and the electromagnetic field of each controller can be corrected, and the magnetic field and the electromagnetic field can be applied only to the irradiation site.

[Function and Effect of Claim 8] The MRI apparatus according to claim 8 is for measuring an object to be measured accompanied by a substance having a relative magnetic permeability other than 1 in a measurement magnetic field, or such a magnetic field control. Position detection, which detects and / or defines the position based on one or both of the MRI apparatus which controls the magnetic field using the substance, the object to be measured and / or the magnetic field control substance, either temporally or spatially, or both. A magnetic field analyzing means for analyzing a magnetic field based on a positional relationship between the MRI apparatus and the object to be measured or / and the magnetic field control substance by the means and / or the position defining means, and the object to be measured is analyzed by the analyzed magnetic field. Since the MRI measuring device that measures is adopted, it is possible to measure the living body such as teeth covered or inserted with metal etc. that have a value far different from the biological permeability, such as ferromagnetic material, which could not be measured conventionally. This mechanism makes it possible to observe images inside or around it, and not only to observe good images without distortion and artifacts, but also to use with treatment equipment, as well as inserts, inserts, etc. It has become possible to use it as an active navigator for diagnosis, treatment and repair. These effects make it possible to diagnose and treat with incredible accuracy at present in clinical practice, and in the past it was not possible to observe coated teeth such as metal crowns with conventional MRI or X-rays. This is made possible by the present invention. Since the magnetic field can be actively controlled, the spatial position of the measurement site can be freely changed. Further, the magnetic field and the electromagnetic field of each controller can be corrected, and the magnetic field and the electromagnetic field can be applied only to the irradiation site.

[Function and Effect of Claim 9] The MRI apparatus of claim 9 adopts a feature that at least a part of the MRI apparatus is provided with a heat absorbing means for a contrast medium or an object to be measured. The sensitivity is increased by controlling the spin temperature of the contrast medium and the object to be measured.

[Function and Effect of Claim 10] Claim 1
0 MRI apparatus, characterized in that at least a part of the magnetic field generating means or the MRI apparatus is provided with contrast means for holding or / and / or supplying contrast material. Measurement can be performed even on a substance, and the space can be reduced. In this case, a contrast agent that cures inside, outside, or in the vicinity of the living body can be taken out of the living body and measured, so that no extra time burden is imposed on the patient, and the electromagnetic invasion to the living body is reduced to zero. Can be measured under high energy.

[Function and Effect of Claim 11] Claim 1
For any of MRI devices or methods of
Conventionally, an MRI apparatus or method is adopted in which at least one of the magnetic field generating means is a magnetic source provided to an object such as a living body and / or a magnetic source emitted from an object such as a living body. It is impossible or difficult to observe and measure the image in the adjacent area and its surroundings.Especially, the measured image has been significantly distorted or disturbed in a wide area even at a part far from the magnetic material. It becomes possible. If the external magnetic field generating means is a single magnetic source, the magnetic field strength of the local magnetic field generating means can be further increased.

[Function and Effect of Claim 12] Claim 1
For any of the MRI devices or methods of
Electromagnetic field generated by shield or surrounding objects or MRI or external equipment, or MRI apparatus or method equipped with noise removing means for removing re-radiated waves in the electromagnetic field, so that the shield material can be measured even with the resonance substance of the measurement index, Further, the contrast medium may cover the periphery, or the surrounding tissue may be located at a site other than the insertion portion. It also more efficiently shields external noise.

[Function and Effect of Claim 13] Claim 1
For any of the MRI devices or methods of
Its components or parts or units or functions
Adopting MRI apparatus or method characterized by continuous or intermittent or dispersed or expanded, dentition, nerve,
Continuous structures such as blood vessels can be easily measured. Further, since the MRA can be linked with the treatment and the MRI of the diagnosis site by the distributed use, the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment can be improved, and the risk such as shock can be avoided particularly during treatment.

[Function and Effect of Claim 14] Claim 1
For any of MRI devices or methods of
One or more units, or components thereof, are transmitted by pulse sequences, position detection sequences, external magnetic fields, or / and electric / or electric fields, and / or electromagnetic fields and the like, and are emitted by LC elements such as local coils and antennas. Electric field generated by various means such as an electromagnetic field from a light spot, a mechanical position detecting means such as an articulated arm, and / or
, A magnetic field, or / and an electromagnetic field, and / or an MRI apparatus or method characterized by including an apparatus or a method for detecting the position thereof based on state information by the mechanism of each means. When a component such as an antenna is used, the position can be detected without providing a position detecting mechanism in the local unit. When a light spot or an articulated arm is used, the position of the MRI can be detected independently of the MRI measurement sequence. With these position detection mechanisms, it is possible to align a local frame with an external frame and to link with a whole body machine.

[Claim 15] In the MRI apparatus or method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the electromagnetic field or electric field is controlled by an electric field or an electromagnetic field controlling substance, and the electromagnetic field or electric field is kept only at the measurement site as much as possible. It is possible to correct the electric and electromagnetic fields of each controller,
An electric field or an electromagnetic field can be irradiated only to the irradiation site.

[Function and Effect of Claim 16] Claim 1
The MRI system for any of
Employs an MRI apparatus or method characterized in that a function improving means of the RI or / and a function dispersing means in the whole body machine or the local machine is provided to improve or disperse the function in the whole machine or the local machine. Therefore, high-resolution, high-speed, multi-constant resonance substance measurement, low exposure, operability, etc. that cannot be obtained with a whole-body machine can be electrically or electromagnetically imparted to the whole-body machine, and the whole-body machine can perform its functions. And an accurate local image can be recorded together with its spatial position on a rough tomographic image of the whole body. In addition to these effects, based on the record of the whole body image and the local image, the image information is transferred via the telephone line and LAN, and the information is used to confirm the position again by using a local machine at each clinic or department. It can be used for diagnosis and treatment. This enables real-time three-dimensional tomographic diagnosis and treatment in all dentistry and medical departments. In addition, since the whole-body machine is arranged only in the medical, dental dock or radiology departments and distributed via a communication line, it is very economically and spatially reasonable. In addition, since distributed processing can be performed between the present MRIs, each part can be easily measured and the results can be combined. Thereby, the real-time property of measurement and the like increase. Further, information synthesis and collection through links of departments and the like become easy.

[0036]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an MRI apparatus according to the present invention will be described based on an embodiment or a modified example shown in FIGS.
Here, an embodiment of the MRI for insertion, induction, and excitation according to the present invention will be described. This MRI is based on a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI, which is a completely new MRI, and is compatible with various MRIs, and is easy to apply. Therefore, it is necessary to disclose the application to this MRI. First, an insertion, guidance, and excitation MRI apparatus, which is the object of the present invention, is disclosed, and thereafter, application to a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI or a whole body MRI. Since an example is shown, it may be better to read the content than the fourth embodiment. Also, the numbers in the drawings are added as much as possible from simple or basic operation modes to complicated or applied ones, and the order of embodiments is added from the main part of the present invention as claimed. It is described as a target, a branch, or an applied one. Therefore, please allow the numbers in the figure to change. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing insertion, induction, and excitation. Where the effectors are inserters, inductors,
Excitons etc. are shown. These means may also be used as MRI controllers and circuits, such as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, or may be at least partially shared temporally and physically, or may be completely independent. . Here, the controller is 1,
2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 26, 28, 29, 33, 34,
An element or an element assembly (assembly) that can generate or detect an electric field, a magnetic field, an electromagnetic field, and the like, including 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, re-radiation detection means, and the like.

[First Embodiment] The first embodiment proposes use as a root canal treatment device.

The local MRI shown in FIG.
Temporarily attach the support frame 20 (see FIG. 30) to the teeth,
A file, a reamer, or the like is inserted through the tool insertion hole 22 as in the case of the inserter (insertion) shown in FIG. Then, the file or the tip of the reamer is positioned at a position such as a physiological apical hole while performing MRI imaging. At this point, the high-frequency coil 6 shown in FIG. 1 emits an excitation pulse, which is a part of the imaging sequence, from the high-frequency excitation coil 6. At this time, the amplitude and time of this pulse are adjusted automatically or manually as appropriate according to environmental factors such as the material of the inserter. Of course, a continuous wave may be used. These field control signals are controlled by a control circuit, and each control element is driven by a control element via a generator or an amplifier. Then, the LC impedance or the electromotive force of the gradient coil 39 is measured using at least one element of the gradient coil 39 shown in FIG. Of course, both may be measured. Here, as the impedance measurement method, any method such as a known bridge method, a current, a voltage, a resistance, and a back electromotive force method may be used. Then, the detected value at this time is defined as X. Then, without performing MRI imaging, the position determining means repeats this unique means, and the operator sets a reamer and a fill at the position of the apex to a position indicating the value of X, and performs root canal enlargement. As the value of X, any of a peak value, an average value, a detection value, an execution value, and the like may be used.

At this time, the value of X may be displayed continuously by a software or hardware level meter, or may be displayed stepwise by numerical display. Alternatively, an MRI image may be stored, and the inserter image may be moved and displayed in a display image captured together with the value X.

[Effects of the Embodiment] The MRI apparatus of the present embodiment
The method can measure and determine the position of probing and the like very quickly, safely and accurately with extremely low exposure to electromagnetic waves. When only the LC impedance is measured, the receiving means may not be necessary.

[Second Embodiment] The second embodiment shows the use in an induction example such as ion introduction or introduction of a magnetic substance.

In order to block the dentinal tubules and the like, zinc ions and the like are applied to the exposed dentin as the inducer and agent in FIG.
(In this figure, the insertion, induction, and excitation are all described, so it appears that the pulp is in the extracted state. However, in the case of iontophoresis, it goes without saying that the pulp is present.) At this time, the zinc ion may be an aqueous solution However, it is convenient because a carrier is added and the fluid does not flow to unnecessary places. Here, a potential is applied to the C element or the transmission line element 28 by a high-frequency generator (here, a DC generator) RF. P. G. FIG. And a high frequency amplifier RF. DC current is applied by current supply means such as AMP. Here, the electrode 28 and the tooth 15 may be provided with a current-carrying paste or a current-carrying electrode.
At this time, if the introduction direction is from left to right in the figure, a positive charge is added to the left C element and the like, and a negative charge is added to the right by the C element 28. Here, an example of this is shown, but since the conditions may be determined as appropriate according to the polarity of the ions, the introduction direction, and the relative positions of the field controllers of the MRI, the polarity and position are not limited. These series of mechanisms serve as guidance means. Various drugs having a known polarization may be introduced using this technique.

In order to use a magnetic substance as an index, a contrast medium, or an agent, a magnetic liquid may be applied to a measurement object as a guide material in FIG. Here, a direct current in the same direction is applied to the gradient magnetic field coils 2, 40 or 41, and the gradient magnetic field generator G. of FIG. P. G. FIG. Is driven by the control means, and the current amplification means I. A current is supplied by Amp to generate a position-directional magnetic field. Here, a series of these mechanisms serve as guidance means. As the gradient magnetic field, a repulsive magnetic field is generated by a pair of gradient magnetic field generators. In the case of introducing a magnetic material in the second embodiment, a magnetic field in the moving direction is applied. Here, when the magnetic material diverges or converges at a certain point, the magnetic material may be adjusted by a magnetic material induction pattern such as applying a magnetic field equivalent to a gradient magnetic field. The position of this certain point may be adjusted as appropriate according to the number and position of the plurality of controllers, the generated magnetic force, and the magnetic field pattern. The induced magnetic substance may be used as a contrast agent or a position index, or may be used to guide a magnetic agent to a predetermined site. Here, whether the magnetic field generating means is an energized magnet,
Although the case where this is not provided has been disclosed, guidance may be performed using this magnetic field, or the use of this magnetic field and a gradient magnetic field generating means may improve the positional accuracy of guidance and shorten the time.

[Effects of the Embodiments] With these mechanisms, a medicine, an index material, a contrast medium, and a medicine can be reliably and easily reached to a target site, so that diagnosis, treatment, and repair with higher accuracy can be achieved. , Prevention becomes possible. In addition, since any electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field can be generated in space by MRI controllers, receivers, or newly added elements such as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, any induction vector can be obtained.
If a magnetic field controlling substance, an electric field controlling substance, and an electromagnetic field controlling substance described later are used, a desired field and a field vector can be further generated in a desired space. This may be applied to all embodiments and modifications.

[Third Embodiment] A third embodiment shows an example of excitation of an action site and addition of an operator, or excitation of a filler.

As an example of the excitation to the action site and the addition of the operator, as shown in FIG. P. G. FIG. , R.A. P. Such as continuous wave,
A high frequency such as a pulse wave is applied. Here, an antibiotic, an antibacterial material, an antioxidant, or the like is administered to the tissue as an agent in the period before and after the tissue. This high-frequency excitation increases the sensitivity of the tissue, and the effect of the agonist appears or is enhanced. At this time, which frequency and how much amplitude is used is determined by an operator's diagnosis.

Example of Exciting Filling Material FIG. 6 A thermoplastic resin such as gutta-percha is inserted into a root canal as an exciting material, and an inductive metal made of a metal such as Fe is inserted through a tool insertion hole as an insert in FIG. Insert and excite high-frequency excitation to a metal object by continuous wave or pulse wave, etc., raise the temperature locally, indirectly pressurize the gutta-percha, which is the excitation material, to an appropriate degree of softness, and press-fit the root canal I do. At this time, the amplitude and action time of this wave may be determined by the operator judging the properties of the action object by the pressure of the induction metal on the action object, or measuring the impedance change of the MRI controller. Alternatively, the temperature of the induction metal may be measured by a temperature sensor, and at least one piece of the information may be taken out and the high-frequency amplitude and the operating time may be controlled by the excitation control means. .

[Effects of the Embodiment] Excitation of a chronic lesion or the like enhances the action of a drug as an agent. Further, the filler is excited to exhibit a predetermined action.

[Fourth Embodiment] {Basic Configuration in Case of Consisting of Local Unit and External Unit} Referring to FIG. 1 as an example of the first embodiment, the magnet 1 is attached to the wing portion of the local frame 3. ing. A gradient magnetic field coil 2 in the direction of a static magnetic field is attached around the magnet 1, a gradient magnetic field coil 4 and a receiving means 7 are provided at the base of a local frame 3, and the center of the base is hollow. Has become. Apart from the frame part, a gradient magnetic field coil 4 (one of a pair) and a gradient magnetic field coil 5, a high frequency excitation unit 6 and a receiving unit 7 are provided outside. These are installed on an external frame (a conceptual frame in FIG. 1). The local frame and the outer frame are separated and the local frame can be moved freely.

The pulse sequence shown in FIG. 4A or FIG. 4B is applied to the drive function shown in FIGS. P. G. FIG. , And the output signal of the current amplifier I.I. Amplified by Amp and gradient magnetic field signals 10, 11, and 12, respectively.
To the gradient coils 2, 4, 5 while the control means comprises a radio frequency generator RF. P. G is instructed, its output is amplified by a high-frequency power amplifier, and a high-frequency excitation pulse 9 is supplied to a high-frequency excitation coil 6 (T. Asm. In FIG. 2).
Give to. The receiving coil 7 (RA in FIG. 2)
sm. ) Is amplified by Pr. Amp,
A / D is performed, and Fourier transform is performed using a computer or the like (not shown) to obtain a tomographic plane. The resolution, density, and the like of the image obtained at this time are adjusted to obtain a predetermined image by controlling the temporal intensity of the magnetic field, electric field, and electromagnetic field of the sequence. If necessary, impedance matching Ip. M and the output switch TR. Sw. , Or phase-synchronous, asynchronous detection means Det. Use such as. Here, the impedance matching is a general action frequently used at a high frequency, and therefore detailed coupling matching in other parts is not particularly illustrated. Further, a computer may be incorporated in the control means, or may be connected to an external device connection port. Also, there may be at least one or more ports, or in some cases, no such ports. When the transmission coil and the antenna are shared, the connection shown in FIG. 3 may be used. These circuits are examples, and other circuits and software may be used as long as a similar effect is obtained.

Specifically, in the local electromagnetic shield box (see FIG. 19, etc.), as shown in FIG. The buccal side of the lower jaw and the other side are inserted so as to sandwich the lingual alveolar portion, and the observation site is set at the center of the magnet 1. After the repetition of the pulse sequence in FIG. 4, a tomographic image around the root canal appears on the display as shown in FIG. At this time, even if the tooth crown has a metal crown having a magnetic permeability far from that of the living body, this image is hardly disturbed as compared with the conventional machine. In conventional machines, the closer to the crown, the more disturbance such as artifacts increase, so that not only the image is not observed, but also distortion in the image measurement cannot be avoided even in the part where the image can be observed, especially Ni alloy If a ferromagnetic material such as Co or Cr is used, this effect is remarkably increased. However, in the first embodiment of the present MRI, a good MRI image is provided up to the vicinity near the metal crown. In addition, according to the same principle,
Combined use with treatment equipment that was not possible with RI
In this case, it is possible to perform treatment such as cutting teeth with a turbine, a laser, a hand instrument, or the like.

The static magnetic field, the gradient magnetic field, the applied intensity of the excitation high frequency to the living body, and the applied energy are timely, and the values or images obtained by the operator from the image resolution, brightness, density, etc. are converted into the control means or computer shown in FIG. In each of the external devices, the components are controlled manually or automatically by the control information and adjusted. At this time, the position may be automatically or manually defined by a timely position detecting means (described later) or a position defining means (described later) based on the information. Of course, the position defining means may be a fixing means made of a structure such as a frame.

Then, the local frame 3 is moved as needed to observe an observation site such as a tooth and a periodontal tissue. At this time, each coil is moved and adjusted to an optimum position using an external frame or a coil position adjusting mechanism in the external frame as appropriate. At this time, the file of MRI contrast
In the first embodiment, particularly those having a relative permeability of 1 or a value close to that value and capable of resonating are particularly high. It is possible to measure temporal and spatial positions such as insertion and implantation into a living body with high accuracy. At this time, if a device that automates the inserter and the inserter, for example, a micromotor, is used, it is impossible with the conventional MRI, but the present MRI enables such a treatment navigator.

[Effects of the Embodiment] In the MRI apparatus of the present embodiment, the conventional MRI uses a very large magnetic field generating means. In addition, a small magnetic field generating means can be used near the observation site. This makes it possible to make the MRI apparatus extremely small and inexpensive as compared with the related art, so that it is extremely inexpensive, resistant to disturbances, has good resolution, has good operability, and has a very small effect on the living body.
As a result, for example, the measurement of the tooth root portion in the entire metal-coated crown can significantly reduce the disturbance, that is, an excellent image, as compared with the conventional apparatus. Furthermore, the intensity and energy of the individual emitted to create a field are extremely small as compared with the conventional machine, and the effect on the living body to the operator or the patient is significantly reduced. In addition, if the same magnetic field and electromagnetic field energy as the conventional machine are applied, objects that cannot be achieved with the conventional machine can be measured safely, with high accuracy, and at high speed. It becomes possible to measure a low resonance substance in a living body based on a substance such as a bone or a substance taken into a living body or a functional substance in the living body.

Further, the teeth and bones conventionally observed by X-rays can be measured by MRI, thereby eliminating the need for exposure to X-rays. Furthermore, if taken out together with the contrast agent, no extra time burden is imposed on the patient and the electromagnetic invasion of the living body becomes zero, so that measurement under high energy which cannot be applied to the living body with respect to the contrast agent becomes possible. It is particularly effective for patients with pacemakers, respiratory organs due to reduced pulmonary function, and patients with local administration devices for treating tumors, without adverse effects on these devices.

{Case composed of local unit and external unit-1} FIG. 7 shows a local unit having no special detection mechanism for correcting the position of the local unit with respect to the external unit. The basic configuration of the local unit is as follows. The local frame 3 has a hole 22 used for root canal treatment and the like. A receiving coil and an antenna 7 are installed on the outer periphery thereof, and a local gradient magnetic field coil 4 is further installed on the outer periphery thereof. On the other hand, the local frame 3 is provided with a wing 27, at the tip or inside of which is a main magnet 1, a gradient magnetic field coil 2 in the direction of a static magnetic field,
Then, a high-frequency excitation antenna 28 is provided. This high-frequency excitation antenna is unnecessary if an external antenna or coil is used or the receiving coil or antenna 7 is used for transmission.

In the unit shown in FIG. 7, the conductive plate 28 as an excitation antenna element is preferably made of a material such as aluminum or copper whose relative magnetic permeability can be approximated to 1. In this embodiment, this is aluminum. Behind this antenna plate is a coil 2 for generating a Z-axis gradient magnetic field, ie in the direction of a static magnetic field. The main magnet 1 is provided therein. Here, as a component at the tip of the wing portion, a gradient magnetic field coil may be provided depending on the presence or absence of the excitation antenna or the material thereof. Further, the receiving coil 7 in FIG. 7 may be used as an excitation coil, or may be used for both excitation and reception. In that case, only one of the excitation antenna 28 and the receiving coil 7 may be used, or both may be used to increase the S / N ratio. It is also possible to provide an external unit. The excitation antenna 28 and the receiving coil 7 may be multiplexed and respond to a plurality of frequencies.

When the local unit operates in accordance with the above pulse sequence, a spatially unique pattern in which a magnetic field, an electric field, and an electromagnetic wave having amplitude, frequency, and phase, which are more specific to the spatial position than the coil and the antenna here, is externally generated. When at least two or more antennas, coil elements, and the like are detected as sensors, the position of the local unit is known, and the image can be corrected based on the positional relationship between the local unit and the external unit. These signals may be detected in at least one or more LC arrays 23 (consisting of coil elements 36). At this time, stereo detection or three-axis orthogonal detection in which a pair is detected is particularly preferable. At least one or more position detection coils or antennas may be provided independently. Further, different frequencies may be set individually, or the same frequency as the excitation wave may be used. Especially when different frequencies are used, M
A position detection sequence independent of measurement such as simultaneous position detection during RI measurement is realized. In this case, the position detection receiving means may be another antenna other than the LC array as long as the position can be detected, such as a multi-element antenna such as a phased array, a single-element antenna such as a loop antenna, a rod antenna, or a combination thereof.

As another example of the position detection sequence, a signal for generating an AC magnetic field is supplied to each antenna and coil orthogonal to the three axes of the local unit, and the AC magnetic field radiated from the signal is supplied to an external LC array or antenna element. The position can be calculated by detecting and comparing the three components. Further, the position may be obtained from the phase, frequency, frequency displacement, and the like. Further, a position detecting unit that measures from an external MRI using a contrast agent as a position index may be used.

[Effect of Embodiment] It is easy to insert into a narrow place such as the oral cavity by a very small local unit, and when a position detecting means such as an LC array is provided, high accuracy can be easily achieved without installing extra elements. It can be realized with a simple local unit.

{Case composed of local unit and external unit—2} Case where a light spot is added. FIG.

The unit of FIG. 8 uses light spot tracking to correct the position of the local unit with respect to the external unit, and has a light spot 29 that shines on the unit based on the energy supplied by an optical fiber or electric wire or by optical excitation. This light is used to detect a spatial position using at least one or more cameras such as a CCD and a HgCdTe sensor, and to use the light for analyzing a magnetic field or matching a positional relationship between a local unit and an external unit. In this case, the light spot is used to detect the position of the local unit. However, since the affected part is dark, irradiation for brightening may be attached, or this may be used as position detection. Further, a light spot may be attached to an object to be measured such as a tooth, or may be attached to a treatment device or the like to measure each position and use it for diagnosis and treatment information. As the light, light having a wavelength such as ultraviolet light, visible light, or infrared light is used. In particular, in the case of measuring teeth, it is preferable to use a wavelength that easily transmits through the cheek. Alternatively, a phase conjugate mirror may be used, or heterodyne detection may be performed to correct distortion due to the propagation. These light-tracking types have good operability without contact. These light spots may be made of an MRI resonance material or used in combination therewith to improve matching and accuracy.

[Effect of Embodiment] Since the light spot is located in the local unit, an image error due to the positional relationship between the local unit and the external unit can be corrected without contact.

{Case composed of local unit and external unit—3} Case where articulated unit is added. FIG.

The unit shown in FIG. 9 uses a multi-joint arm to correct the position of the local unit with respect to the external unit, detects the spatial position, and uses it for magnetic field analysis or matching of the positional relationship between the local unit and the external unit. The connection part 30 of FIG.
A multi-joint arm is connected to the joint. Each joint and each joint have an angle detection mechanism such as a rotary encoder, and this multi-end is connected to an external unit. It is installed on an external unit (FIGS. 17 to 20) or installed (not shown) at an external reference site.

[Effects of the Embodiment] In this case, the position detection is hardly affected by disturbance by surrounding tissues and the like, and the position error can be corrected because the articulated unit connects the local unit and the external unit.

{Cooling Mechanism} These units may be used together with a cooling mechanism through which cooling water passes through a passage indicated by an arrow 31 (cooling passage) in FIG. In particular, since the gradient magnetic field coil can obtain a high resolution by passing a large amount of current, the efficiency is improved when cooled. Of course, if a superconducting wire is used, there is no need to circulate a medium such as water for cooling purposes, but water injection into the affected area,
Install if necessary for cooling. In addition, each unit of the present embodiment may be provided with a cooling mechanism irrespective of a local part or an external part. For example, it may be more efficient to cool other elements such as a local frame and a transmitting antenna.

(External Unit) As the local unit shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, at least one of FIG. 11 (external unit 1) or FIG. 12 (external unit 2), or both, or a combination thereof is used. "External unit 1" Here, the external unit 1 FIG.
Consists of These are installed as needed. That is, the installation may be determined according to the necessity of the local unit such as the one having only the gradient magnetic field coil and the one having only the receiving coil. "External unit 2" Here, external unit 2 FIG.
This is an example in which two or more external units are used. In this case, the external units in FIG. 11 are installed in the orthogonal direction. The relative installation direction, location, number, coupling, non-coupling, and the like determine the radiation field of the electric field and the electromagnetic field, and vary depending on the position and shape of the measured object. "Other external units" Here, external units may be created in the forms shown in FIGS. 17 to 20, and local units may be arranged as shown in the drawings. Here, external magnetic field generating means may be installed at both ends of the external unit shown in FIGS. Here, these magnetic field generating means may generate a magnetic field in a time-division manner, and may obtain a desired image such as adding an external magnetic field to a local magnetic field in a timely manner. May be measured by a local machine. Representative figure 1
At 7, any combination of the gradient magnetic field generating means 2, 32, 33, 34, 39, 40 is installed on the ring frames on both sides as appropriate. The chin rest, which is a part of the outer frame 8, is not always necessary. Here, a gradient magnetic element, a receiver, or an exciton may be provided. FIG.
Is an example of an external local shielding means, and is an example in which an insertion port for a device, a patient's head, an operator's hand, or the like is provided on the left, right, front, and bottom.

[Effects of the Embodiment] The external unit can install a gradient magnetic field, an excitation coil, a receiving coil, etc. of a size which is not affected by local space, and can be installed much closer to the measured part than the conventional machine. Large energy can be easily added to only the local unit, and small radiation can be received efficiently. Furthermore, when a plurality is used, various radiation fields can be obtained. In addition, a variety of images can be provided as compared to images only of the local machine.

{Case of Local Unit Only—1} In FIG. 13, the gradient magnetic field coils 32 and 33 in the X or Y direction are incorporated in the external unit combined type shown in FIGS. Here, which of X and Y is determined by the producer. Thus, independent measurement can be performed without using an external unit.

Although a one-turn saddle coil is used as the gradient magnetic field coil 32 in FIG. 13, when the number of turns is two or an even number as shown in FIG. 21, the magnetic field efficiency and the uniformity of the magnetic field are improved. Two turns are relatively good in combination with miniaturization. Further, the gradient coil 3 shown in FIGS.
3 is an X or Y gradient magnetic field coil.
The coils or antennas may be used in a number of turns or an even number of turns. The coils or antennas may be denser than those shown to increase the magnetic field generation efficiency, or may be sparsely wound to increase the transient response. Excitons 6 and 28 may be either one or only one. 6, 7, 4 are receivers,
Any of the excitons, any of the gradient elements,
However, they may be used together. Here, in all embodiments and modifications, the position, the number, the arrangement, and the like of each receiver, exciter, and gradient magnetic element may be set based on the locally inserted magnetic field generating means. A child is an antenna, coil,
It is an electric field, magnetic field, or electromagnetic field sensing element such as C in an LC resonator. This child may be used in all embodiments and modifications.

[Effects of the Embodiment] Since there is no external unit, the whole is very compact and easy to use. The local unit is smaller with the external unit under the same conditions. The proximity effect due to a magnetic field, an electromagnetic field, and an electric field increases in proportion to the square of the distance or more, so that it is very large.

{Case of Local Unit Only—2} FIG. 14 shows a local unit combined with an external unit.
Each gradient magnetic field coil 3 in the X or Y direction
2, 33 are built-in. This enables independent measurement without using an external unit. Excitons 6 and 28
May be either one or only one.
Reference numerals 6, 7, and 4 may be any one of a receiver, an exciton, and a gradient element, or may be used in combination.

Although a one-turn saddle coil is used as the gradient magnetic field coil 32 in FIG. 14, if the number of turns is two or an even number as shown in FIG. 21, the magnetic field efficiency and the uniformity of the magnetic field are improved. Two turns are relatively good in combination with miniaturization. Further, the gradient coil 3 shown in FIGS.
3 is an X or Y gradient magnetic field coil.
The coils or antennas may be used in a number of turns or an even number of turns. The coils or antennas may be denser than those shown to increase the magnetic field generation efficiency, or may be sparsely wound to increase the transient response.

{Case of Local Unit Only—3} In FIG. 15, if a C-like excitation element 28 such as a transmission line, a top load antenna, or a transmission line is installed and the circuit of FIG. It can be stored in the wing 27. Here, the receiving coil and the transmitting coil (6, 7) may be installed in the main body, or may be used as a single coil. Here, in the case of the transmission line element, the dummy load may be installed locally or externally. 13 and 14 may be made more compact by using X and Y gradient coils such as 39. These excitons, receivers, and gradient elements may be used in any combination as long as predetermined performance is obtained.

{Case of Local Unit Only—4} The X and Y gradient coils 40 and 41 in FIG. 15 may be made independent of two. Power may be supplied to each element such as a coil near each element. A magnetic field analysis to be described later may be used, an unnecessary signal removing means to be described later may be provided, or a shielding means to be described later may be provided so as to eliminate disturbances of the lead lines 42 and 43. Also, the cooling fluid 43 such as water or oil may be refluxed, or a dynamic wave path such as an optical fiber may be used together.

[Effects of the Embodiment] Since there is no external unit, the whole is very compact and easy to use. The local unit is smaller in the form with the external unit if the same conditions are the same, and it is more difficult to manufacture the local unit than the one with the external unit by supplying a large amount of power to a small unit.
There are advantages such as not having to perform spatial positioning between the local unit and the external unit, and the system can be easily introduced into treatment and diagnosis. Exposure is also more localized. If used with a shielding means described later, the exposure is further reduced, so that the safety is high and the resolution is high.

{Although it is possible to use only the local unit, but also using an external unit-1} When using the unit shown in FIG. 13 to FIG. 16 together with the unit shown in FIG. 11 or FIG. There are a plurality of receiving coils (antennas). A plurality of transmitting antennas (coils) of the excitation means are provided.

[Effects of Embodiment] In this case, the same type of coil
Since the antenna is installed in a different place, the gain of the coil or the antenna increases. In addition, since the excitation can be applied from different directions, penetration into the tissue is good, and if the overall excitation power is increased or the overall excitation power is kept constant, the power injected into individual coils and antennas can be reduced. In particular, local units can be made smaller. In addition, the sensitivity of reception is increased, and the S / N ratio is improved up to several times depending on the installation position, relative position, number of coils, number of turns, Q, gain, directivity, radiation resistance, etc. in the coil or antenna. Also, the multiplexing of the excitation coil and the antenna can efficiently increase the electromagnetic field power at the observation site spatially, so that other tissues can be exposed to less radiation, and S
/ N can be improved. Further, adverse effects on a patient having a device such as a pacemaker or a medical device used at the same time can be reduced.

When there are a plurality of excitation, receiving coils, and antennas, the excitation can be made into multiple frequencies to observe a plurality of resonance substances, and a tomographic image can be taken at a higher speed by using together with a multi-frequency contrast agent. These combined effects are applicable to all of the present invention.

{When the main magnet is provided with a magnetic field correction function} When a very strong and uniform static magnetic field by the main magnet is used, it is not necessary, but an inexpensive magnet has a non-uniform magnetic field. Therefore, ghosts, multiple images, tomographic position shifts, and the like occur due to the non-uniformity. The function to prevent these will be shown.

Taking the typical characteristics of these magnets as an example of an imaginary axis passing through the center of the main magnet, the non-uniformity is represented by a substantially quadratic curve. However, when a gradient magnetic field is applied, it moves to either one. Then, either side of the minimum portion at that time is used. Alternatively, one of the two sides may be used, and then a reverse gradient magnetic field may be applied to perform measurement on the other side.
It is preferable to install a spacer in advance or attach power to the angular movement axis of the articulated arm to move the arm.

When a gradient magnetic field is applied so as to eliminate the minimum portion, multiple images can be avoided. If the magnetic field at that time is analyzed in advance, it can be corrected linearly.

The magnetic field may be corrected by changing the shape of the main magnet into a concave shape or the like, or a similar effect may be obtained by using a coil and an auxiliary magnet. Here, the correction may be performed by the magnetic field analysis function of the main magnetic field alone or in combination.

[Effects of the Embodiment] Since the main magnet may be non-uniform, a very inexpensive magnet can be used. Conventionally, only a portion corresponding to a part of the magnet can be measured. Is gone.

{Example of a case where a shielding means is provided} Agar is made of a shielding material, that is, H2O containing metal ions such as Fe and Mn as a shielding material, as shown in FIG. 24 for a portion to be inserted into the oral cavity. Then, it is applied as a fluid at an appropriate temperature as indicated by the dotted line. After cooling, the object becomes an elastic body or a viscoelastic body. Here, metal ions of a good conductor serve as a shielding material of an electromagnetic field, and the carrier becomes agar. Of course, H2O of agar also contributes to the shielding of the electromagnetic field, so it may not be necessary to mix metal ions, and the number of mixed metal ions is not limited as long as the desired shielding effect can be obtained. good. α covers all or almost all of the measurement object and MRI insertion part. β is the case where the measurement area and the MRI measurement space are covered. γ is the case where the periphery of the measurement unit, the MRI measurement space, and the wing are covered.
Local frame part (including the outer frame in rare cases), shield material and measurement surrounding area, or shield material and measurement surrounding area, or shield material only, or local frame only (with or without support Various combinations, such as passive or active shielding objects (regardless of whether or not) are timely shielding means.

Α indicates that the shielding effect is very good. β has good operability and visibility. γ has an intermediate effect between 1 and 2. This is an effective arrangement, especially when all working devices are on the wing. In this case, as an example, the surrounding area may be covered with an alginate-based shielding means, and a shielding means using a hybrid shielding material such as putting vegetable oil or the like in the center may be adopted. When an external unit is used, supply with care for shielding, excitation, and application of a magnetic field. There are advantages such as. In these cases, supply and removal may be performed through the holes 22.

The shielding means can be used as a contrast medium. In this case, a substance that is difficult to measure with an ultra-miniature resonance substance such as enamel is imaged. At this time, a heat absorbing means having an endothermic effect may be arranged at a site in contact with the contrast medium such as the wing. The cooling unit may also be used, or an electronic cooling element such as a Peltier element may be provided. In this case, the sensitivity is increased because the spin temperature of the contrast agent or the measurement site can be lowered. Of course, non-contrast shielding means may be employed here.

Here, the magnetic field portion within the magnetic flux density used for measurement in the main magnet in order to suppress the generation of unnecessary re-radiation waves is made of a non-resonant substance like the unnecessary radiation prevention cover of FIGS. It is good also as a noise removal means.
In this case, the cover needs to be set in a timely shape because the cover has a shape for preventing unnecessary radiation. Further, as shown in FIG. 25B, a magnetic circuit may be used to reduce the magnetic field portion of such a magnetic flux to serve as noise removing means. It is also a kind of magnetic shielding means. Unless shielded with the same substance as the MRI resonance target, it is often unnecessary.
However, it is necessary if the surrounding tissue exists outside the main magnet.

Here, another noise removing means is shown in FIG.
Unnecessary re-radiation wave is detected by the re-radiation detection means that uses a coil, antenna, etc. as sensors, and data is collected by the same mechanism as the receiving path shown in Figs. You may. At this time, the left and right pairs may be used as an operation input, or the phase difference may be removed in combination with a receiving element around the main body 22.

Here, if the frame for holding and supplying the contrast agent as shown in FIG. 26 is a local magnetic field generating means, the space can be reduced. Here, the gap 22 may be used as a contrast medium supply unit, or may be provided near the MRI local unit using a simple syringe or the like. In this case, a contrast agent that cures in the living body can be taken out of the living body and measured. In the case of the local frame shape shown in FIGS. 5, 7 to 10, 13 to 16, 30 and the like, when it is installed around the teeth in the oral cavity, it also serves as simple moisture proofing, prevention of accidental swallowing of the reamer, and prevention of scattering of the cutting tip. Also, frames as shown in FIGS. Further, a shielding means as shown in FIGS. 19 and 24 may be used.

[Effects of the embodiment] Since it is difficult for external noise to enter the measurement site, sensitivity and resolution are further improved, and noise from other treatment devices is hardly received.
Noise from I to other therapies is also reduced. Needless to say, no shield room is required. Further, since the electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field generated by MRI hardly reach other tissues, the influence on the tissues other than the measurement site is further reduced, so that patients and operators receive safe treatment without invasion. It can be used in combination with other treatment devices such as various treatment devices such as navigation, diagnostic devices, and biological monitoring devices.

[Fifth Embodiment] A measurement for a dental crown having a metal crown having a magnetic permeability far from that of a living body will be described. Conventional MR
Magnetic field analysis is performed based on magnetic information such as shape information and magnetic permeability of restorations that cannot be measured by I, and the static magnetic field and gradient magnetic field of this MRI, and the electromagnetic field distribution of the excitation high frequency, etc. By corresponding to the temporal and spatial positions of the measured object, it becomes possible to measure a substance to which a substance having a magnetic permeability different from 1 is added. These are shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, an example in which the time is fixed is presented. Of course, it may be performed spatially and dynamically (temporally) by repeating the following operations.

The restoration manufactured by various methods is adjusted in the oral cavity, such as trial adjustment of occlusal adjustment, and if possible, the restoration adjusted after the trial period is measured by three-dimensional measuring means. Then, it is stored in the shape storage means of FIG. On the other hand, magnetic information such as magnetic permeability is input to the magnetic information storage means in FIG. In this case, the measured value of the restoration may be measured and input. Naturally, the analysis is performed here assuming that the magnetic field by MRI is known.

After obtaining the shape information and the magnetic information such as the magnetic permeability, the magnetic field analysis shown in FIG. 27 is performed between the measurement tooth including the restoration and the present MRI apparatus (not directly shown) as shown in FIG. At this time, the spatial information and the magnetic information are obtained by feedback so as to mutually obtain the optimum value, that is, the magnitude of the magnetic field vector of the magnetic field 18 depending on the position and strength of the magnetic field source,
The position and direction are changed by the position determining means in FIG. 27 and set to the optimum position. In this case, the position is determined by controlling the position determining means of FIG. 27 using a mouse and a keyboard based on FIG. 28 and the like displayed by the display of FIG. 27 on the screen. Thus, a spatial magnetic field such as a static magnetic field generated by the local magnetic field generating means and a dynamic magnetic field generated by the gradient magnetic field generating means are obtained, and the data is transmitted to the correcting means shown in FIG. 29 via a data output. This data is transmitted to the CAM machine and used as data for forming the support 20 as the position defining means. In this case, when the structure of the living body, that is, the positional relationship between the measurement site in the oral cavity and other surrounding tissues is measured, the insertion possible area is set, and the installation position of the magnetic field generating means is restricted, there is no inconvenience that actual installation cannot be performed. good. In these cases, the correction means may be provided before the FFT, or the main magnetic field may be corrected using this correction means. For the analysis of the main magnetic field, at least the magnetic field analysis means in FIG. 27 is sufficient.

In a normal MRI in which the total transfer function of spatial position information is operated linearly in signal addition or signal processing spatially and temporally without correcting or correcting magnetic fields and electromagnetic fields, static magnetic fields, gradients, The magnetic field or the excitation high frequency is modulated using this analysis result, and the radiation or the signal processing path is corrected. In the present embodiment, in the signal processing process after reception in FIG. 29, correction is performed by the correction means in FIG. 29 using data from the data output in FIG. 27, that is, coordinate conversion with respect to time and space is performed. Here, the position of the correction means may be before the FFT. In addition, the electromagnetic field of the excitation high frequency may be calculated and the resonator may be effectively and spatially and quantitatively excited, or may be analyzed together with the spatial radiation electromagnetic field correction.

On the other hand, the supporting body 20 as a position defining means for supporting the measured tooth including the determined restoration and the spatial position of the MRI apparatus from the spatial position for mounting the tooth and the MRI apparatus.
To produce This support is shown in FIG.
It is designed on the screen of the computer by the position determining means and supplied to the CAM via the data output unit for processing. Then, the present MRI is set on this support (FIG. 30b). Then, a support is placed on the teeth in the oral cavity (FIG. 30a,
b). FIG. 30A is a cross-sectional view indicated by 21 in FIG. 30B. In this case, the teeth 15 are displayed not in cross section but in outline to facilitate understanding. The support can be integrated with the measurement site, and a spatial pattern of a magnetic field and an electromagnetic field between the MRI main body and the object to be measured can be obtained. Here, the drive circuits shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the circuits shown in FIGS. 27 and 29 may be connected to an external device connection port, a computer connected to one of the ports, or a part of each function thereof. You may take in as. 29 is a part of FIGS. 2 and 3, and the latter part of FIG. 29 may be realized as a part of a computer.

On the other hand, using an inserter or an inserter whose magnetic permeability is more than one, the living body is diagnosed with a living body through the cavity 22 or the gap from the outside of the frame 3 such as probing to a lesion, and a root canal. When performing treatment, such as treatment, implant treatment, periodontal treatment, and navigating, the above-described magnetic field analysis may be performed, and at the same time, the inserter or the inserter to the living body may be subjected to the magnetic field analysis and used. In this case, detection means for detecting the temporal and spatial positions of the inserter and the inserter is required.

[Effects of the Embodiment] In the conventional apparatus, it is impossible to measure a living body such as a tooth covered or inserted with a metal or the like having a value far from the magnetic permeability of a living body such as a ferromagnetic material. However, this mechanism makes it possible to observe images inside or around it, and not only to observe good images without distortion and artifacts, but also to use it together with treatment equipment such as tooth cutting or periodontal scraping. Furthermore, it has become possible to use it as an active navigator for diagnosis, treatment and repair of inserts and inserts. These effects make it possible to diagnose and treat with incredible accuracy in current clinical practice, and in addition to conventional MRI and X-ray observation, it was impossible to observe, especially teeth with metal crowns. And the surrounding tissue can be measured. In addition, the risk of damage to a living body or a treatment machine such as exposure to X-rays or the like can be avoided for a tissue that can be seen only by X-rays.

Sixth Embodiment FIG. 31 shows an example in which a magnetic attachment is used for a maintenance device that is a magnetic source.

One of the local magnetic fields of the present MRI is removed, and the magnetic attachment is used as a static magnetic field generating means on one of the removed magnetic fields.

The shape of the magnetic attachment in the oral cavity and the spatial magnetic field are measured or investigated. A local frame 23 for utilizing a magnetic field in a living body for defining the relative position of the extraoral magnetic field generating means 1 is manufactured on the magnetic attachment, and is coupled to the local frame 3. When the spatial position is determined, a spatial static magnetic field, a dynamic magnetic field such as a gradient magnetic field, or a spatial density of the excitation high frequency is calculated, and modulation or correction or frame adjustment is performed. In this embodiment, a magnetic field is formed between the in-vivo magnetic field 26 and the external local magnetic field generating means 1 via the teeth 15 and bone tissue 24 and the skin and connective tissue 25 in the lower jaw. Measured.

[Effects of the Embodiment] In the conventional machine, it is impossible in principle to use a patient having a ferromagnetic material such as a magnet, and a wide range of measurement can be performed even at a site far from the magnetic material where image observation is barely possible. Observation was impossible due to significant distortion and distortion in the image. However, by using the above-described magnetic material itself as a local magnet, the distance in contact with the magnetic material is reduced to zero.
Good images can be obtained for all the regions from the tissue to the magnet of the inserted local magnetic field generating means 1.

[Seventh Embodiment] The fourth embodiment discloses an application to a unit for measuring a large object by expanding a local or external unit or its components as it is, or expanding it into a continuous type or a distributed type or a combination thereof. I do.

{Unit expansion type} A unit or a unit in which a component expansion type main magnet, various coils and antennas are expanded in a predetermined direction of space as shown in FIG. In the figure, it is extended perpendicularly to the magnetic field of the local main magnet of the local unit.

[Effects of the Embodiment] A wide range can be measured with high resolution and at high speed, particularly when arranged on a free-form surface such as a tooth row.

{Continuous unit type} A caterpillar shape along a tooth row as each unit is a continuous type (including intermittent) FIG.
May be scanned manually or automatically to combine the images. An elastic body may be used for the connection means, or mechanical connection using a universal joint 38 or the like may be used.

[Effects of the Embodiment] The different forms of the living body, such as the dentition, which undulate up, down, left, right, front and back can be freely measured without customization and adaptation to each individual. Further, they may be installed continuously or intermittently along a path such as a blood vessel or a nerve. In this case, blood vessel and nerve activities can be continuously observed.

{Unit component or part expansion type} A magnet array type in which the main magnets 1 of the component parts are arrayed and attached to the wing 27 is used, or a local position determined by further determining the relative position with respect to the present apparatus is used. The magnetic field may be analyzed in conjunction with the magnetic field analysis with the spatial position information of both the magnetic field and the magnetic field to measure the enhancement of the magnetic field.

[Effects of the Embodiment] Since an expensive main magnet is not used, it can be manufactured at very low cost. A diseased part that requires a high resolution can be observed with a higher resolution. This method is suitable for making the local MRI larger.
In particular, it is suitable for a large measurement object such as measurement of a contrast agent of the whole jaw outside the oral cavity.

{Dispersion type} A method is disclosed in which one or more units are installed on the finger and one or more units are installed on the affected part as a dispersion type to cooperate. Perform MRA with fingers to check circulation. At the time of thoracotomy and laparotomy, it is recommended to place it in an appropriate artery such as the aorta. Along with this, the diagnosis and treatment status of the affected part is monitored by the unit installed in the affected part. FIG. 3 (not shown)
The communication between the five clients may be performed by the same measurement object.

[Effects of the Examples] By this, it is possible to observe the blood circulation and the expansion / contraction state of the blood vessels closer to the center, so that the relationship and delay in the reaction in the diagnosis of the affected part are found out. Since hypersensitivity reaction and the like by the central reaction system can be detected, smooth diagnosis and treatment can be performed. At this time, the conventional large-sized machine could not be used for such a system because it was too slow or it was difficult to specify the measurement site.

[Eighth Embodiment] FIG. 35 and the like show an example of a case where the whole body machine is used as a function improving machine for MRI, that is, as an accelerator. This is a whole body machine MRI and a local machine M
The apparatus includes a position matching unit, a magnetic field analysis unit, and a correction unit thereof, which are device support functions based on the RI and the local MRI, and an image construction unit that outputs an image including position information from these units. Further, communication between local machines may be performed. Whole body machine or MRI equivalent to whole body machine is Global MRI
And the local machine becomes the Local MRI.

In this case, the electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field of the conventional whole-body MRI are detected and matched with the information of those of the local machine MRI and the spatial position information of the whole-body machine and the local machine by the position matching means. Perform magnetic field analysis with magnetic field analysis means based on the above, control the simultaneous or time-division shooting command using correction means, and control high-resolution and high-speed image or function information of local machine with high resolution By transmitting the image from the whole-body machine MRI to the image-constructing unit via the correction means, thereby electrically or electromagnetically synthesizing the whole-body machine at the information stage, Perform spatial synthesis. At this time, the correction means may sometimes be a through path.

In this case, the information of the whole body machine may be used in time or space by pattern matching. Then, the tomographic information and mutual position information are transferred by a telephone line or a LAN, etc., and the local machine performs a spatial scan based on the information to link with the whole body information. Is also good.

The magnetic field, electric field, and electromagnetic field of the whole machine are accelerated by the electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field of the local machine, so that the function of the whole machine may be improved. In this case, it is preferable that the optimum conditions are obtained and controlled by the magnetic field analysis means. The optimum image may be obtained analytically, may be obtained convergently or stochastically, or may be a combination thereof. Each unit may be manually or automatically arranged at the optimum position using the results.

For all the embodiments and modifications, a position detecting mechanism such as a light spot, an articulated joint, an LC array or a sensor for receiving them is provided for the local frame or the external frame, the object to be measured, or the whole machine. In this case, if the position information and the image information are transferred via a telephone line or a LAN, it is possible to more easily combine the information with the whole-body machine information in the dock. At this time, it is easy to use if a tooth clamp or the like is attached to the tooth to be measured and a resonance substance is attached to the clamp. Alternatively, the resonance substance may be used as fluorescence to be used as a light spot and measured with a CCD or the like. In this way, the whole body machine in the dock and the clinic in the remote area can interact strongly in real time, so the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment including implants is greatly improved,
Aim to improve safety.

In the matching at these times, since the local machine has a higher spatial and temporal resolution than the whole machine, the local machine information which is clear information is matched with the whole machine information which is less clear information. Therefore, it is more preferable to use prediction or artificial intelligence type inference matching together.

[Effects of the Embodiment] Since the whole body machine is installed in a remote place such as a medical or dental dock or in a room separated from other departments such as a radiology department in a large hospital, real-time diagnosis is performed. Or, it is particularly effective when the use as a treatment navigator in each department or other diagnosis, combined use with a treatment device or spatial diagnosis, or when it is difficult or impossible to use a whole body device in the case where it interferes with treatment. For example, when applying a load such as exercise to the patient's finger to measure the MRA or bone shaping,
There is a case where it is desired to obtain consistency between continuous spatial information in a local region and its surrounding region due to bone reduction.

[Modification] In the above embodiment, the MRI is a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus, but a whole body machine may be used if it can be used. And a similar effect may be obtained. However, in many cases, better results can be obtained by using a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus.

In the above embodiment, the dental treatment and the diagnosis are described as examples. However, whether the treatment is used for industrial use or medical use is not particularly limited by the operator's freedom.

The insert may be a probe or a cutting tool such as a bar. The insert may be a liquid, a solid, a fluid, a powder, a film, a viscous material, a viscoelastic material, an elastic material. It may be a body. Further, a combination thereof may be used. An example of a solid case is a reamer, file, or the like.

In the case of a solid, for example, when inserting a reamer, a file, or the like, the property change of the inserter may be detected by the excitation means, such as a change in high-frequency characteristics due to contact with surrounding tissue. In the case of a liquid or a fluid, a change in properties may be detected by the excitation means by the same operation, or a phase change between an individual, a fluid, and a liquid may be detected by measuring a resonance Q or the like. May be. In addition, the tissue may be excited to perform the hot compress method, or the tissue may be excited to act on the operator. In those cases, the resonance wavelength may be tuned and operated, or the excitation may be intentionally shifted from the resonance wavelength. Further, a property change of the measurement tissue may be detected by detecting the Q of the resonance instead of the inserter. The measurement of Q may use a known circuit or method in a high-frequency element.

The inserter may be of any shape, material, or property as long as position measurement is possible, including reamers and files. As an example, an MRI image may be measured by inserting an insert made of a high resonance substance, and then a ferromagnetic insert may be inserted to measure the insertion position. Further, an insert may be inserted together with a contrast agent and a material. Further, an insert may be inserted that shields a portion other than the distal end so that the high frequency is emitted only from the distal end.

The added high frequency may have any waveform or any spectrum as long as similar effects such as pulse, continuous wave or use of a plurality of frequencies can be obtained. In addition, a cord is directly attached to the inserter, and a signal such as direct current or alternating current is added thereto, and this electric field or / and magnetic field or / and electromagnetic field or / are controlled by a controller or a receiver. It may be detected. In the case of using multiple frequencies, it may be possible to eliminate the electrical effects of the tissue properties.

Although used for root canal enlargement, the purpose of use is arbitrary for the operator, such as use for periodontal pocket measurement, catheters or various probing.

The impedance of the high-frequency excitation coil 6 or the reception coil 7 may be measured by impedance measuring means such as a back electromotive force or a bridge circuit, and the value may be set as a positioning value. A change in the excitation wave from the high-frequency excitation coil to the inserter may be received by the reception coil and used as position information.

The inserter measurement sequence may be performed simultaneously with the imaging by using the high frequency and the gradient magnetic field of the imaging sequence during the imaging sequence.

The field control signal may be independent of the imaging sequence, or may share at least a part thereof. When independent of the imaging sequence, they may be simultaneous, time-division, or a combination thereof. Insertion, induction, and excitation may be performed while performing MRI imaging, or may be performed independently.

Here, the L element (39, 40, 41, 2,.
4, 6, 7, etc.), a magnetic field and / or an electromagnetic field can be used as the insert position determining means using a C element (28, etc.). Alternatively, an LC array diagram 23 or the like may be used. Any of these elements may be used, any combination may be used, and L and C elements unnecessary for imaging may be added to improve the accuracy. When only an electric field and a magnetic field are used, the power pattern to the element is DC. In the case of an alternating current, a pulse, a burst, a continuous wave, or the like may be set as appropriate according to the purpose.

The two components of the gradient magnetic field coils 39, 40, 41, etc.
Elements may be used, or more elements may be used. Depending on the conditions of the inserter, the absolute position can be measured by using two elements, and the absolute position can be measured more accurately by using multiple elements. As an example, the gradient magnetic field coil 3
A total of eight elements of four elements on each side at 9 are formed. At this time, the electromotive force or impedance change of each element from the antenna element is amplified at a high frequency, and the voltage, current or power of each element is compared and calculated by the comparison calculation means. As a result, the spatial position of the insert may be detected.
Of course, the accuracy may be further increased by using the antenna 28 or the like in combination. In these cases, MRI tomographic imaging does not have to be performed, and depending on conditions, position determination accuracy is better than MRI tomographic imaging, exposure is reduced, and the speed is remarkably high.

An apparatus having only the position determining means for the inserter may be manufactured. In this case, if the shape is the same as that of the local magnetic field insertion type MRI main body, the position can be easily secured on the support and exchange can be performed.

Although the controller provided in the MRI is a part of the guiding means, the guiding means may be separately manufactured and added.
Further, newly required control elements and receiving elements may be removable or fixed. Further, here, the controller may also serve as the receiver, and there are various cases such as the controller being the receiver. However, the same term is not particularly limited as long as a similar effect is obtained.

In FIGS. 1 to 35, the components and operation modes are the same as those in the fourth to eighth embodiments. The components such as the circuit, the controller and the receiver are as follows. Not all are necessary for the purpose of detecting only the position and properties of the inserter. 1 to 3
Since any electric field, magnetic field and electromagnetic field can be generated in space by MRI controllers, receivers, or those newly added to the MRI 5 or the like, any static or dynamic field can be realized. . If a magnetic field controlling substance, an electric field controlling substance, and an electromagnetic field controlling substance are used, a desired field and a field vector can be generated in a desired space. This may be applied to all embodiments and modifications. These fields are generated by the general formula, FFT, Wa
It may be obtained analytically, such as by velet, or FE
Using a method such as M, the value may be input to the control means and used. Of course, it may be done manually or by a can.

The excitation material or agent may be directly excited by the addition of a good conductive metal ion such as Fe, a powder, or a good-moving molecular substance.

The position deciding means for deciding the position in the inserter or the like may be realized by software, or may be realized by hardware.

The above embodiments may be used independently or in conjunction. In particular, the support in the fifth embodiment can be a substance to be measured by using a substance having a contrast property for the support in addition to the function as the support and further forming a joint with a living body such as a tooth using an elastic body. Since the shape of an object that cannot be resonated can be measured, it may be used regardless of whether or not a magnetic field analysis is performed. In that case, the measurement may be performed after taking out the MRI together with the support from the living body. Further, the support may be used for simple moisture proofing, reamer, file dropout prevention, accidental ingestion prevention, and cutting element scattering prevention. The operator is free to use any object to be measured, such as implant, drilling, tooth transplantation, monitoring during tooth extraction, probing, root canal length measurement, medulla opening, restoration, bone density measurement, model measurement, etc. The drug may be induced by an electric field, a magnetic field, or an electromagnetic field.

In the fifth embodiment, a metal-coated crown is taken as an example. However, the method of the fifth embodiment can of course be applied to a tooth using a magnetic attachment using a ferromagnetic material such as a magnet for a maintenance device. In this case, as in the fifth embodiment, the shape and the magnetic properties thereof, that is, in this case, in particular, in addition to the magnetic permeability, the magnetic flux density and the like must be measured to be known.
If a substance having a relative magnetic permeability other than 1 is used and a magnetic field analysis is performed, the function of the magnetic field may be controlled as a magnetic field lens. It may be used for controlling an electric field and an electromagnetic field by a simple operation. Although these have conventionally generated artifacts and disturbed the image, they may be actively used as a magnetic field control substance.
In the case of an electric field, the dielectric constant is stored in the magnetic information storage means, and in the case of the electromagnetic field, the magnetic permeability and the dielectric constant are stored as appropriate.
Then, similarly, an electric field analysis or an electromagnetic field analysis is performed. By these operations, a magnetic field, an electric field, and an electromagnetic field controlling substance may be selectively used.

The magnetic field control substance may be used to correct the magnetic field of each controller using the magnetic substance and the analysis system in the fifth embodiment. As an example, since the local magnet 1 is small, it tends to diverge at both ends of a surface facing in parallel with the object to be measured, so a monoconcave or biconcave lens made of a ferromagnetic material or the like is installed here. The magnetic field analysis may be performed according to the fifth embodiment to perform the correction. At this time, if it is carried out at the time of shipment, the apparatus becomes simple. In addition, if a series of magnetic field analysis means mounted on the device is used, it is possible to enjoy a self-calibration function such as absorbing a change with time. Further, the measurement side surface of the main magnet may be concave, or both may be combined. Needless to say, these are merely the same as those in the fifth embodiment, and are only described in more detail.

The correction means of the fifth embodiment may be on the excitation side, and its mechanism may be software-based or hardware-based.

The local magnetic field coil may be mounted locally or externally as appropriate depending on the shape of the object to be measured.
Any position, number, or number of turns may be used, and a correction coil may be attached to correct the magnetic field distribution in the space. In this embodiment, a permanent magnet is used as the (local) magnetic field generating means. However, an energizing magnet may be used. A correction magnetic field coil or a correction magnet may be used for these, or a magnetic circuit diagram 25-b or the like may be used together. Further, the non-linear portion may be corrected by the magnetic field correction means. The number of magnetic field generating means may be any number as long as predetermined performance is obtained. FIG.
In the external units shown in FIG. 20 to FIG. 20, one-sided installation may be performed, for example, an external magnetic field generating means may be attached to the upper part of FIG. Further, the magnetic field of the whole body MRI may be used as the external magnetic field. It is up to the developer to make all these means by hardware, to make it mainly by software, or to make them in any form or form. FIG.
May be performed in the control means, or may be performed by connecting a computer as an external device. In this case, the non-linear pattern may be measured in advance, generated, and stored in a storage unit such as a memory. If the position of each part of the MRI is required, it may be stored or measured.

The local magnetic field coil, the high frequency excitation coil, the antenna, the receiving coil, and the antenna may be shared, or may be independent. The shape is desirably a pair, but the shape may be a pair or not, and may be a direction for a quadrature. Regardless of the shape of the coil and the antenna, any shape such as a loop, a rod, a dipole, a coil, a Helmholtz, a saddle, a solenoid, a birdcage, a slot resonator, and an LC resonance circuit in the middle of L is used. Good. When a large number is used, it is possible to improve the S / N or use multiple images.

A plurality of frequencies may be excited by using a plurality of coils of the same type or other types in combination with an antenna for excitation and reception, or the sensitivity may be increased. Also, the gradient magnetic field coil may be used in combination of a plurality of coils of the same type or other types. The number of turns and the number of coils and antenna elements are not limited, and may be spatially independent or coupled, or electrically independent or coupled. Also, the relative or absolute installation positions of the coils and antennas may be any positions as long as the effects of the embodiment and the modification can be obtained. In addition, an electric field, a magnetic field, an electromagnetic field lens may be used for the output of the excitation coil or the antenna, and the excitation may be performed only on the measurement site of the measured object.

In the figures in the above embodiment, the gradient magnetic field coils are sparsely wound for the sake of drawing, the square coils are round, and their shapes, connections or wirings are slightly different from actual ones. However, this is merely an example, and a different shape may be used for the purpose.

The external frame 8, the local frame 3,
The wing 27 and the like may be provided with a slide mechanism or a rotation mechanism capable of changing the length and position of the frame, or may be of a fixed type so that the position of each coil can be adjusted as appropriate. At that time, a position detection mechanism may be provided in the variable mechanism or the fixed mechanism.

The positions of the inner frame and the outer frame may be determined by installing a tracking type relative position detecting mechanism such as an articulated arm, a light spot, an electric field, a magnetic field, or an electromagnetic field, and measuring the position to analyze a magnetic field pattern. It may be performed manually or automatically so as to converge to the optimum position. In the case of the automatic operation, a known mechanical part such as a positioning robot or a table may be used. In addition, a tracking type relative position detection mechanism may be provided to a living body in order to define a spatial position with respect to the living body. The MRI may be obtained by analyzing the magnetic field pattern using these pieces of information. Further, an electric field, a magnetic field, or an electromagnetic field may be externally added to an LC element such as a coil or an antenna for a position index in a pulse form, and the re-radiated wave or echo may be detected.

Also, several types of frames having different sizes may be prepared and used as appropriate. In this embodiment, the frame employs two separate frames, external and local. However, the frame may be an integral type, three or more separate types, and may be an integral type or a separate type with a shield case. In the cases of to 16 and the like, organs other than the measurement site are hardly exposed by the local shield. At this time, each frame may be supported and the position detected, or the position may be detected independently. In the above embodiment, the wings are immovable, but may be provided with an expansion / contraction function to change the length thereof, or may be provided with an angle adjustment function to change the angle to adjust to the measured part. In that case, a length or angle adjustment mechanism may be provided to detect the position and perform the magnetic field analysis and the position movement of other components.

The drive circuit shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is an example, and any drive circuit may be used as long as a similar effect can be obtained. Also, M
The result of the magnetic field analysis based on the RI magnetic field pattern may be performed at the time of manufacture or design. In this case, the magnetic field information may be stored as control information and corrected at the time of actual operation, or the set value of the magnetic field correction means may be set in accordance with it.

The support in the fifth embodiment may be a liquid or semi-solid fluid, supplied between the magnetic field generating means and the object to be measured, and then cured and installed. It may be manufactured and then subjected to magnetic field analysis. In this case, it is desirable to match the relative position with the living body by three-dimensional measurement or point matching. In addition, some ready-made supports may be prepared, or free-handing may be performed without being caught by the supports. When performing freehand, it is desirable to detect the local frame and the position of the living body temporally and spatially and perform a magnetic field analysis. In addition, if the position detecting mechanism of the MRI itself including the electromagnetic field, the light spot, the local by the articulated arm, and the external unit of the fourth embodiment is used, it is possible to perform the position detecting means such that the measurement can be performed without manufacturing the support. The magnetic field analysis may be performed by providing position information to the position determining means. In this case, only the position information may be transmitted to the position determining unit, or a position defining unit that obtains the position information from the position determining unit and converges to the optimum position may be used. Here, if the same position detecting means is installed on the object to be measured, or three-dimensional shape measurement is performed on the object to be measured, and the position is linked to these position determining means, both positions can be detected. The subsequent operation is the same as in the fifth embodiment. Here, a known tooth position sensor may be used. As the position defining means, an active multi-joint arm in which power is added to a joint may be used, or an arm using a parallel link may be used. These mechanisms may be used as appropriate for measurement and / or drive.

The restoration manufactured by CAD / CAM has its shape data and is used. The restoration manufactured by the indirect method using lost wax, which is a conventional method, is used for three-dimensional shape measurement. After that, put it in the mouth. On the other hand, the magnetic properties such as the magnetic permeability of each restoration are measured or investigated and stored. CAD / CAM
In the case of a restoration manufactured by the method described above, especially in the case of shaving, the internal magnetic field characteristics are uniform, which is advantageous over a restoration by casting.

The cavity formed by the pre-piercing digitizer is filled with a restoration such as amalgam, and the crown shape including the cavity shape and the magnetic characteristics such as the magnetic permeability of the restoration of the filling material such as amalgam are measured by computer. The same measurement can be performed even if it is stored in the memory.

The magnetic field generating means, the gradient magnetic field generating means, the high frequency excitation means and the like may be all locally disposed, or may be distributed to the outside and the local parts as needed.

As the pulse sequence, any existing sequence such as the gradient echo diagram 4a or the spin echo diagram 4b may be used.

In the above embodiment, the analysis is performed by the analytical method, but the magnetic field analysis may be performed by the finite element method or the like. Although FFT was used for demodulation, Fresnel analysis,
Demodulation means such as wavelet analysis may be used or used together.

The position determination means of the fifth embodiment is manually performed by using a mouse and a keyboard, but may be automatically positioned by giving imaging conditions such as a tomographic plane for diagnosis. The modulation of the static magnetic field, the gradient magnetic field, and the like may be performed individually, or may be performed in cooperation. The excitation high frequency mainly looks at the excitation rate, but it is better to analyze the electromagnetic field and see if appropriate excitation is performed.

In the above embodiment, the measurement of the oral tissue was performed. However, the measurement may be performed by inserting a finger, an ear, or any organ of a living body such as an intestine exposed during a surgical operation. Bacteria or plaque may be measured by MRI. As an example, saliva may be removed from teeth with air or cotton wool to measure. In this case, a signal higher than that of a low-resonant substance such as enamel or dentin can be obtained, so that the plaque-attached portion can be three-dimensionally detected. Cells emitting self-powered potential such as nerves, nerve fibers, muscles, and bacteria may be used as the magnetic source. In this case, those magnetic sources may be measured together with the magnetic field analysis method of the fifth embodiment, or may be measured based on a change in an image.

When measuring teeth and exposed bones, using a timely contrast agent facilitates the measurement, further reduces the influence of magnetic and electromagnetic fields on the living body, and shortens the measurement time. In this case, when the substance is applied, the substance can be measured in vitro in a state of a fluid, and thereafter, by using a substance which is effective and becomes an elastic body. Examples are alginate, agar and the like.

This may be performed in an electromagnetically shielded room,
This may be done with a local or simple shield. The operating reference potential of the MRI may be set on the basis of the living body for noise reduction. Further, the lead-in line may be floated. Further, the lead-in wire may be shielded by a shielding means, or may be covered with a twisted pair wire, a coaxial cable or the like, or an electromagnetic wave absorbing material or a shielding material for preventing unnecessary radiation.

In the magnetic field analysis, it is more preferable to perform analysis taking into account an external magnetic field such as geomagnetism. A coil or magnet for canceling geomagnetism may be provided. Use those coils or magnets, or install coils, antennas, magnets, etc. that eliminate or attenuate the leakage of external magnetic fields, electric fields, and electromagnetic fields by using antiphase driving, etc. to reduce invasion and contraindicate MRI. It may be applicable to patients and the like.

LC for transmission or reception for all types
The spatial position of each unit due to an electric or magnetic field or an electromagnetic field may be detected by a single element such as an element or a Hall element or an aggregate such as an array to perform magnetic field analysis or position adjustment of each unit. That is, from each unit or their components, self-excited (such as a video pulse sequence or unrelated oscillation or excitation) or separately excited (such as by a coil or antenna or semiconductor installed in a spatially separated place) An electric or magnetic or electromagnetic field is emitted into space in a spatial or temporal or a mixed pattern of both. Since this field (field) has spatial anisotropy, the position of each unit or component is determined by detecting the pattern of these fields, and magnetic field analysis or the position of each unit is performed based on this positional information. Adjustment is possible. At this time, if a self-excited or separately-excited oscillating device is installed on the measured object such as a tooth, the movement of the measured object can be detected.

The cooling water may be attached to any type of place, the water may be injected into the oral cavity,
It may be circulated.

The measurement may be performed by installing a resonance substance on the object to be measured. In this case, this may be used as a matching index with the whole body machine, or may be used for position matching between the measured object and a local unit or an external unit. Further, the contrast agent taken out of the living body may be measured outside the living body.

An electromagnetic coupling means may be provided for the locally inserted MRI apparatus to enhance the shielding effect.
Shielding substances are electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic field or any combination of them, such as absorbers such as magnetic materials, reflectors such as hybrids with different magnetic permeability or different dielectric constants, and impermeable materials such as superconductors Either is acceptable.

A magnetic material such as Mn may or may not be added to the shield material or the contrast material. When added, Fe, Gd and the like are also effective. Co, Ni,
Cu, Cr, Sr, Sm, Nd, etc. may be added. Further, a conductive metal (such as Al) and a metal ion may be added. Also, when applying shielding material or contrast material,
A solid, liquid, fluid, viscous body, elastic body, viscoelastic body, thin film body, powder, and the like may be in any state as long as shielding and imaging can be performed.

Any material may be used as long as it has a shielding effect such as conductivity and electromagnetic wave absorption, such as aluminum or a thin film of aluminum foil. In addition, any shape may be used, and properties at the time of application may be changed. For example, it may be applied by a fluid, and then cured and temporarily fixed. In this case, it may be used as the support described above.

In the case of a solid, it may be prepared by a CAM technique or a forming technique based on the formation of a shield or a contrast material on a model based on an impression, and may be applied to an MRI apparatus. These are used by adapting them to an object to be measured such as the oral cavity.

Oil (such as liquid or viscous material) such as salad oil or silicone oil may be used as the shielding material. In this case, there is no unnecessary radiation.

[0183] A starch syrup, avocado oil, condensed milk or the like may be used as a viscous shielding material. When cooling water is injected into the oral cavity, surrounding H2O may be used, for example, this water may be used as a liquid shielding material.

Here, as the carrier, a carrier such as agar, alginate, glycerin, collagen, gypsum or the like, or a carrier such as glue, potato starch, kuzu, etc. may be used. If H2O is added to these (having properties such as a viscous body, a viscoelastic body, and an elastic body) and supplied, held, and provided to the MRI, a shielding means and / or an imaging means can be used. The carrier itself may have a shielding effect.
Further, it may be applied by curing.

Here, the contrast agent may be covered with a polymer thin film and attached to the measurement side of the main magnet for photographing.

These shield materials and contrast agents may be used alone or in combination. Further, it may be processed into various forms and shapes, for example, woven into a fibrous form or impregnated with a fiber as a carrier. Furthermore, it may be used as a temporary fixing material to a tissue or as a hemostatic agent. Of course, it is definitely a tissue invasion prevention material outside the measurement.

[0185] The property of the tissue may be measured by applying vibration to a molecule having a resonator excited by high frequency. Further, the sensitivity may be increased by absorbing heat of the contrast medium or the measurement tissue using a Peltier element, ice, cold water, or a heat pipe. In this case, it is optional whether the endothermic action part or the conduction path is built in the frame or independent.

An operator may be administered for measures against electromagnetic waves.

All the elements such as the above embodiment or each unit or each component may be used alone or in cooperation with each other without mentioning. The electromagnetic wave also includes an electric field when no magnetic field is generated and a magnetic field when no electric field is generated. Each mechanism may be realized by software or may be realized by hardware. In addition, if there is a similar effect, each mechanism is parallel,
They may be mixed. In addition, the captured image may be recorded in a memory or a hard disk or the like as appropriate, or may be observed with a transmission-type head-mounted display. At this time, the image from an intraoral camera or the like may overlap. The above embodiment or the modified example may be performed in cooperation with any external device, such as cooperation with other devices may be performed by an external connection port or the like, or may be performed through an external computer or the like. May be implemented alone or in combination. With the above effects, it is possible to cooperate without causing an excessive price drop of the whole machine.

[0188]

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is an example of a diagram of an MRI apparatus for insertion, guidance and excitation. b is a mechanism diagram of a local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus.

FIG. 2 is an example of a drive circuit. Also includes receiving means. a Circuit example in which transmission and reception are independent. b Circuit example in which transmission and reception have a shared part.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an MRI apparatus for insertion, guidance, and excitation. Peripheral devices such as display means and storage means may be provided.

FIG. 4 is an example of a pulse sequence.

FIG. 5 is an example of a usage image.

FIG. 6 is an example of a usage image.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a local unit. For position detection, each coil and antenna used for tomographic measurement are used for position detection.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a local unit having a light spot.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a local unit to which an articulated arm is attached.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a cooling mechanism.

FIG. 11 shows an example of an external unit of a straight type.

FIG. 12 shows an example of an external unit of a cross type. The angle and position of each unit are arbitrary.

FIG. 13 is an example of an object that can be photographed only with a local unit.
Most of the gradient coil is in the body.

FIG. 14 is an example of an object that can be photographed only with a local unit.
Most of the gradient coils are on the wing.

FIG. 15 shows an example of an object that can be photographed only with a local unit.
A wing that can be equipped with all or most of the working elements.

FIG. 16 shows an example of an object that can be photographed only with a local unit.
A wing that can be equipped with all or most of the working elements.

FIG. 17 shows an example of an external frame. Horizontal type.

FIG. 18 shows an example of an external frame. Horizontal type.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an operation port with a shield attached to an external frame.

FIG. 20 is an example of an external frame, which is a vertical type.

FIG. 21 shows an example of a gradient coil.

FIG. 22 shows an example of a gradient magnetic field coil.

FIG. 23 shows an LC array as a receiving antenna of the local unit position detecting means.

FIG. 24 shows an example of a shielding means. (An example in which use as a contrast agent may be possible.)

FIG. 25 shows an example of a means for preventing unnecessary radiation due to re-radiation or the like. a: Prevention by cover or signal processing. b: The thing by a magnetic circuit.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a contrast agent supply unit as a local magnetic field generating unit.

FIG. 27 is a block diagram of a magnetic field analysis.

FIG. 28 is a display example of an MRI magnetic field and a measurement object.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram of a correction unit.

FIG. 30 is a view showing how a support is attached.

FIG. 31 is an MRI inset using an in-vivo magnetic field.

FIG. 32 is a diagram in which a local unit is spatially expanded.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a configuration in which local units are continuously connected.

34 shows a main magnet array installed on the wing 27. FIG.

FIG. 35 is a diagram of a function improvement of a whole body MRI by a local MRI, and a diagram of an MRI distributed utilization function.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 local magnetic field generating means (magnet) 2 gradient magnetic field coil in static magnetic field direction 3 local frame 4 local magnetic field gradient coil, external gradient magnetic field coil 5 external gradient magnetic field coil 6 high frequency excitation coil, antenna 7 receiving coil, antenna 8 external frame 9 High frequency excitation pulse 10 Z gradient magnetic field signal 11 X gradient magnetic field signal 12 Y gradient magnetic field signal 13 Received signal 14 Contrast agent holding and supplying frame 15 Teeth 16 Periodontal tissue 17 Contrast agent 18 Magnetic field 19 Coated crown 20 with considerably different relative permeability 20 Support 21 Cut surface for explanation 22 Void for supply, insertion and installation of various jigs such as root canal treatment, contrast material, shield material 23 Local frame for use of in vivo magnetic field 24 Bone tissue 25 Skin and connective tissue 26 In-vivo magnetic field source 27 Wing 28 High frequency excitation antenna 29 Light spot 30 Articulated arm attachment 31 cooling path 32 one example of gradient magnetic field coil 33 one example of gradient magnetic field coil 34 one example of gradient magnetic field coil (two turns) 35 one example of gradient magnetic field coil (two outermost turns) 36 coil element 37 LC array (C is not shown) ) 38 Connecting part 39 One example of gradient magnetic field coil 40 One example of gradient magnetic field coil 41 One example of gradient magnetic field coil 42 An example of an external inlet or / and a cooling medium circulation port 43 An example of an external external inlet or the like

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. An MR for a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus or the like.
In the I device, when a treatment or diagnosis is performed by inserting an inserter, a newly added controller in the MRI device, a controller native to the MRI device, or at least one or more field controllers in a combination thereof Is used as a field controller to control an electric field or / and a magnetic field or / and an electromagnetic field by a field control means for applying at least a part of an MRI imaging sequence or a field control signal to the field controller. An MRI apparatus applied to an insert to measure a position or a property change of the insert. 2. The MRI apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a newly added receiver (controller) or M
An MRI apparatus that uses, as a receiving means, at least one field receiver (controller) in the RI receiver or a combination thereof. 3. An MR for a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus or the like.
In the I device, newly added controller or MRI
Ion or magnetism that is moved by an electric or / and magnetic field or / and an electromagnetic field using the device's native controller or at least one or more field controllers in a combination thereof as a field controller An MRI apparatus comprising an inducing means for inducing an inductive substance such as a body. 4. An MR such as a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus.
In the I device, newly added controller or MRI
The device's native controller, or at least one or more field controllers in a combination thereof, may be used as a field controller to control a living or non-living body by an electric or / and / or magnetic field or / and electromagnetic field. An MRI apparatus comprising an excitation means for exciting a substance. 5. An MRI apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a magnetic field generating means for inserting a local part of an object to be measured such as a human body, a gradient magnetic field generating means based on the local magnetic field generating means, and high frequency excitation. And a small local magnetic field insertion type MRI apparatus comprising a receiving means. 6. An MRI apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least external noise to a measurement site in a band required for measurement is cut off as much as possible, and an electric field and a magnetic field generated at the MRI measurement site. In order to keep electromagnetic waves at the measurement site as much as possible, at least one component of a shielding substance in one or a combination of an electric field, a magnetic field and an electromagnetic field, and at least at the time of application, a fluid, a viscous substance, an elastic substance, At least one of the object to be measured and the MRI apparatus is provided by a shield material which is provided in any one of a body, a thin film body, a fibrous body, a liquid, a solid, and a powder, or a combination thereof. An MRI apparatus including, as a shielding unit, a shielding material whose part or all is part of the shielding unit. 7. An MRI apparatus according to claim 1, for measuring an object to be measured accompanied by a substance having a relative magnetic permeability other than 1 in a measurement magnetic field, or using such a magnetic field control substance. Position detecting means for detecting and / or defining a position based on one or both of temporal and / or spatial relations between the MRI apparatus for performing magnetic field control and the DUT and / or the magnetic field control substance. And / or magnetic field analysis means for analyzing the magnetic field based on the positional relationship between the MRI apparatus and the object to be measured or / and the magnetic field control substance by the position defining means, and measuring the object to be measured with the analyzed magnetic field. MRI measurement method. 8. An MRI apparatus or method according to claim 1, for measuring an object to be measured accompanied by a substance having a relative magnetic permeability other than 1 in a measurement magnetic field, or such magnetic field control. Position detection, which detects and / or defines the position based on one or both of the MRI apparatus which controls the magnetic field using the substance, the object to be measured and / or the magnetic field control substance, either temporally or spatially, or both. A magnetic field analyzing means for analyzing a magnetic field based on a positional relationship between the MRI apparatus and the object to be measured or / and the magnetic field control substance by the means and / or the position defining means, and the object to be measured is analyzed by the analyzed magnetic field. MRI device to measure. 9. An MRI apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the MRI apparatus is provided with a contrast medium or a heat absorbing means for an object to be measured. 10. The MRI apparatus or method according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the magnetic field generating means or the MRI apparatus holds or / and has a contrast medium.
And / or an MRI apparatus characterized by comprising an imaging means for supplying. 11. The MRI apparatus or method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the magnetic field generating means includes a magnetic source applied to an object such as a living body and / or a magnetic source emitted from an object such as a living body. MR characterized by having
I device or method. 12. The MRI apparatus or method according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic field generated by a shield or a surrounding object, MRI or an external device, or the like.
An MRI apparatus or method comprising noise removing means for removing re-radiated waves in an electromagnetic field. 13. An MRI apparatus or method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that its components, parts, units or functions are continuously or intermittently or dispersed or expanded. 14. The MRI apparatus or method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more units or components thereof include a pulse sequence, a position detection sequence, an external magnetic field, and / or an electric field, Or /
Local coils, antennas, etc.
An echo emitted from the C element and / or an electric field emitted by each means such as a re-radiated wave, an electromagnetic field from a light spot, a mechanical position detecting means such as an articulated arm, or /
An MRI apparatus or method, which includes an apparatus or a method for detecting the position of a magnetic field, a magnetic field, and / or an electromagnetic field, and / or state information by a mechanism of each means. 15. An MRI apparatus or method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the electromagnetic field or electric field is controlled by an electric field or an electromagnetic field controlling substance, and the electromagnetic field or electric field is kept only at the measurement site as much as possible. MRI apparatus or method. 16. The MRI apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the function of the whole body MRI is improved.
And an MRI apparatus or method for improving or distributing the functions of the whole-body machine or the local machine by providing means for dispersing the functions of the whole-body machine or the local machine.