JPH1171654A - Carburized gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carburized bear excellent in peeling resistance and bending fatigue strength. SOLUTION: This gear is composed of a steel in which the base metal has a chemical compsn. contg., by weight, 0.1 to 0.3% C, 0.1 to 1.2% Mn, 0.1 to 1.5% Cr, >0.15 to 0.70% Mo, 0.001 to 0.005% B, 0.01 to 0.1% Al, 0 to 0.05% Nb, 0 to 0.05% Ti, 0 to 0.015% N, <=0.4% Si, <=0.5% Ni, <=0.4% Cu, <=0.03% P, <=0.03% S, and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities, and in which the content of C on the surface in a carburized and hardened layer is regulated to 0.6 to 1.1%, and, the area fraction rate of troostite in the region from the surface to a depth of 0.5 mm is regulated to <=5% in the tooth surface part and to >=5% in the deddendum part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a carburized gear,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a carburized gear having excellent resistance to peeling due to fatigue and excellent bending fatigue strength.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Highly repetitive stress is applied to tooth surfaces of power transmission gears used in automobiles and industrial machines.
For this reason, the tooth surface which is the contact portion of the meshing teeth of the gear has a long life against peeling (spalling or pitting) due to fatigue, and the tooth root which is the non-contact portion has a long life against bending fatigue. Is required. Here, among the fatigue phenomena in which the tooth surface peels off due to repeated application of surface pressure, those with relatively large peeling are called "spalling" and those with relatively small peeling are called "pitting". There is also. The peeling of the tooth surface (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “peeling”) causes noise when the gear rotates and causes partial tooth loss.

[0003] In recent years, starting from global environmental problems, it has been required to improve the output of an engine and to reduce the size and weight of structural components. For this reason, the load on the gears is increasing, and measures against the above-mentioned "peeling" and "bending fatigue" have become important.

The gear is conventionally made of SCr42 of JIS standard steel.
0, SCM420, SNCM420, and the like are processed into a desired shape as a base material (base steel), and then carburized to be processed. However, when the above-mentioned JIS standard steel is used as a base material, a sufficient life cannot be obtained against the above-mentioned peeling and bending fatigue. Therefore, in order to increase the resistance to the fatigue described above, various steels have been proposed on the premise of gas carburizing.

For example, JP-A-60-243252 and JP-A-62-63653 disclose Si, Mn, C
A steel in which the content of r is limited and Ni or Mo is positively added is disclosed. However, even if the steel proposed in each of the above publications is used as a base material, it is possible to simultaneously increase the resistance to the fatigue, that is, the resistance to the peeling of the tooth surface and the bending fatigue of the tooth root that is a non-contact portion, at the same time. was difficult.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a carburized gear having excellent resistance to peeling due to fatigue and resistance to bending fatigue (bending fatigue strength). Aim.

[0007]

The gist of the present invention resides in the following carburized gear.

[0008] That is, "the base material is C: 0.
1 to 0.3%, Mn: 0.1 to 1.2%, Cr: 0.1
-1.5%, Mo: more than 0.15% and 0.70% or less, B: 0.001-0.005%, Al: 0.01-
0.1%, Nb: 0 to 0.05%, Ti: 0 to 0.05
%, N: 0 to 0.015%, Si: 0.4% or less, N
i: 0.5% or less, Cu: 0.4% or less, P: 0.03
% Or less, S: 0.03% or less, steel having a chemical composition of the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the surface C amount of the carburized hardened layer is 0.6-1.1% by weight% and the carburized hardened A carburized gear "characterized in that the area fraction of troostite in the region from the surface of the layer to a depth of 0.5 mm is 5% or less at the tooth surface portion and 5% or more at the root portion.

Here, the "surface C amount" is "0.
"C concentration (% by weight) of matrix in a region up to 1 mm", and "area fraction of troostite" means "average area fraction in a region from the surface to a depth of 0.5 mm".
Refers to.

[0010] The "tooth surface" of a gear means a portion where the teeth of the gear contact each other when the gear meshes. Also, "tooth root"
The term refers to a portion where the teeth do not contact each other, and refers to a portion including the gear root.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present inventors have studied the chemical composition and the structure of a steel for gears used as a base material of a carburized gear, the structure after carburizing, the state of fracture of the carburized gear, etc. in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. As a result, the following findings were obtained.

B is known as an element that enhances the hardenability of steel. However, when the C content is high, such as in a carburized layer, the effect of improving the hardenability hardly occurs. Therefore, B
If the added steel is carburized and quenched, only the hardness of the base material (base steel) can be increased.

When a proper amount of B is added to a steel whose quenching property is controlled by adjusting the contents of C, Mn, Cr and Mo, the case is carburized and quenched. In addition to martensite and residual austenite, troth is added to the carburized hardened layer. Tights can be generated.

[0014] The "troostite" here is different from the "incompletely quenched layer" found on the surface of a steel material when ordinary gas carburizing is performed. That is, in the so-called "incompletely quenched layer", alloying elements such as Cr, Mn, and Si on the surface of the steel material are oxidized during carburizing and quenching, and the alloying elements (Cr, Mn, Si, and the like) are deficient in the periphery. This is a structure caused by insufficient hardenability. This structure appears as a layer on the surface of the steel material or in a shape along the oxide at the grain boundary. On the other hand, the above-mentioned "troostite" is observed in the form of particles in martensite and retained austenite, and has a structure clearly different in form from the so-called "incompletely quenched layer". Both of them can be easily distinguished by observing with an optical microscope at a magnification of about 500 times.

When troostite is formed in the carburized hardened layer, resistance to bending fatigue (bending fatigue strength) increases. However, when the area fraction of troostite increases, the resistance to peeling deteriorates.

From the above, in order to simultaneously solve the problem of the occurrence of peeling on the tooth surface of the gear and the occurrence of bending fatigue at the root of the gear, the structure of the gear tooth surface is mainly composed of martensite and residual The root structure may be a mixed structure of martensite, residual austenite, and troostite having excellent bending fatigue characteristics.

As described above, the "tooth surface" of the gear
The term "part" refers to a part where the teeth of the gears come into contact with each other when the gears mesh with each other. The “root” refers to a portion where the teeth do not contact each other, and includes a tooth bottom of the gear.

The starting point of the separation occurs on the tooth surface of the gear. Therefore, in order to increase the resistance to peeling, the structure of the carburized hardened layer of the tooth surface of the carburized gear may be controlled. In this case, controlling the structure in a region from the surface to a depth of 0.5 mm is extremely effective for suppressing the progress of peeling.

In order to increase the bending fatigue strength of the root, the strength of the base material after carburizing and quenching is increased, and the structure of the carburized hardened layer at the root of the carburized gear, especially, 0.5 mm deep from the surface.
What is necessary is to control the organization in the area up to.

The amount of surface C of the carburized hardened layer in the carburized gear affects bending fatigue strength and resistance to peeling. That is, if the amount of surface C of the carburized hardened layer is less than 0.6% by weight, the peel resistance is deteriorated. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1.1% by weight, the bending fatigue strength decreases.

The "surface C amount" refers to "base C concentration (% by weight) in a region from the surface to 0.1 mm" as described above. The phrase "the surface C amount is less than 0.6%" means that "the C concentration distribution in the region is at least partially less than 0.6%". Similarly, “the surface C amount exceeds 1.1%” means that “the C concentration distribution in the above-mentioned region partially exceeds 1.1%”.

The surface C amount (surface C concentration distribution) may be measured by a calibration curve using an apparatus such as a wavelength dispersion type EPMA.

At the extreme surface, there is a case where it is difficult to perform accurate analysis due to a problem of a characteristic X-ray generation region due to a mount of a sample and the like, but in such a case, the influence of the mount is closest to the surface. The surface C amount may be read by extrapolating from the points that do not exist.

The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.

Hereinafter, each requirement of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, “%” of the component content means “% by weight”.

(A) Chemical composition of the base material (base steel) C: 0.1 to 0.3% C increases the strength of the base material (base steel) after carburizing and quenching to increase the bending strength and Has the effect of improving fatigue strength. However, if the C content is less than 0.1%, the base material strength is reduced, and the bending strength and fatigue strength of the gear are significantly reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.3%, the machinability deteriorates during the cutting process, which is a gear manufacturing process, and the tool life is shortened. Therefore, the content of C is 0.1-0.3%
And Note that the C content is preferably set to 0.15 to 0.25%.

Mn: 0.1 to 1.2% Mn is an element that enhances the hardenability of steel and has an effect of hardening the carburized hardened layer and the base material of the gear after carburizing and quenching. However, if the content is less than 0.1%, the above effects cannot be expected. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1.2%, the hardenability becomes too large, so that the formation of root-torstite becomes difficult, and the present invention aims to increase the bending fatigue strength of the root by forming troostite. Can not achieve the purpose. Therefore, the content of Mn is set to 0.1 to 1.2%. Note that the Mn content is desirably 0.3 to 1.1%.

Cr: 0.1 to 1.5% Cr is also an element that enhances the hardenability of steel, and has an effect of hardening the carburized hardened layer and the base material of the gear after carburizing and quenching. However, if the content is less than 0.1%, the above effects cannot be expected. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1.5%, the hardenability becomes too large, so that it is difficult to form root-torstite, and it is desired to increase the bending fatigue strength of the root by forming troostite. Can not achieve the purpose.
Therefore, the content of Cr is set to 0.1 to 1.5%.
The preferable content of Cr is 0.2 to 1.2%.

Mo: more than 0.15% and not more than 0.70% Mo has the effect of increasing the hardenability of steel. Further, it also has the effect of increasing the toughness of martensite. However, when the content is 0.15% or less, the effect of improving toughness is poor.
On the other hand, when added in a large amount to improve toughness, the hardenability of the carburized hardened layer becomes too high to generate troostite, and the machinability and cold forgeability of the base material decrease. I will. In particular, the content of Mo is 0.70%
, This problem becomes significant. Therefore, the content of Mo is set to more than 0.15% and 0.70% or less.

B: 0.001 to 0.005% B is an important element in the present invention. B has the effect of increasing only the hardenability of the base material without increasing the hardenability of the carburized layer quenched after carburization. For this reason, even if the base material hardness after carburizing and quenching is increased, generation of troostite in the carburized hardened layer, especially, the carburized hardened layer at the tooth base is not suppressed. Therefore, after carburizing and quenching, it is a very effective element for increasing the root fracture life (bending fatigue life) of the carburized gear due to the synergistic effect of the high hardness of the base material and an appropriate amount of troostite at the root. However, if the content of B is less than 0.001%, the effect of addition is poor. Even if the content of B exceeds 0.005%, the effect is saturated and the cost is increased. It causes deterioration. Therefore, the content of B is 0.001 to
0.005%. In addition, the content of B is 0.001 to
It is preferably 0.003%.

Al: 0.01 to 0.1% Al suppresses austenite grains from being coarsened during carburizing treatment, and refines the crystal grains of the hardened layer and the base material after carburizing and quenching. There is. However, if the content is less than 0.01%, the above effect cannot be expected. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 0.1%, the above-mentioned effect is saturated. Therefore, the content of Al is set to 0.01 to 0.1%. The desirable content of Al is 0.02 to 0.06%.

Nb: 0 to 0.05% Nb may not be added. When added, it has the effect of suppressing the coarsening of austenite crystal grains during carburizing treatment, and making the crystal grains of the hardened layer and the base material after carburizing and quenching finer. In order to surely obtain this effect, the content of Nb is preferably set to 0.005% or more. However, when its content is 0.1.
If it exceeds 05%, the above-mentioned effect is saturated, and the cost is increased. Therefore, the content of Nb is 0 to 0.05%
And

Ti: 0 to 0.05% Ti may not be added. When added, it has the effect of suppressing the coarsening of austenite crystal grains during carburizing treatment, and making the crystal grains of the hardened layer and the base material after carburizing and quenching finer. To ensure this effect, the content of Ti is preferably set to 0.005% or more. However, when its content is 0.1.
If it exceeds 05%, the above-mentioned effect is saturated, and the cost is increased. Therefore, the content of Ti is reduced to 0 to 0.05%.
And

N: 0 to 0.015% N may not be contained. When it is contained, it has an effect of forming nitrides to suppress coarsening of austenite crystal grains during carburizing treatment, and to refine crystal grains of a hardened layer and a base material after carburizing and quenching. To ensure this effect, it is preferable that the content of N is 0.003% or more. However, when the content exceeds 0.015%, the above-mentioned effect is saturated, and the above-mentioned effect of adding B is lost.
Therefore, the content of N is set to 0 to 0.015%. The upper limit of the N content is preferably set to 0.012%.

Si: 0.4% or less Si increases the deformation resistance during cold forging, which is a gear manufacturing process, and lowers the machinability during cutting. In particular, when the content exceeds 0.4%, remarkable deterioration of cold forgeability and machinability is caused. Therefore, the upper limit of the content of Si is set to 0.4%. The Si content is 0.3%
It is desirable to make the following.

Ni: 0.5% or less Ni lowers the machinability during cutting, which is a gear manufacturing process. In particular, when the content exceeds 0.5%, the machinability is remarkably deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit of the Ni content is set to 0.5%. The Ni content is 0.3%
It is desirable to make the following.

Cu: 0.4% or less Cu causes cracking during hot working. Especially,
If the content exceeds 0.4%, the hot workability at a high temperature, for example, the workability in slab rolling and hot forging, is significantly reduced. Therefore, the upper limit of the Cu content is set to 0.4%.
And It is desirable that the Cu content be 0.3% or less.

P: not more than 0.03% In carburized steel, P segregates particularly at the former austenite grain boundaries, embrittles the carburized hardened layer, and lowers the bending fatigue strength of the tooth root. In particular, if the content exceeds 0.03%, the bending fatigue strength at the root of the tooth is significantly reduced. Therefore,
The upper limit of the P content was set to 0.03%. Note that the content of P is preferably set to 0.02% or less.

S: 0.03% or less S also in carburized steel, the carburized hardened layer is embrittled and the bending fatigue strength of the tooth root is reduced. In particular, the content is 0.1.
If it exceeds 03%, the bending fatigue strength of the tooth root is significantly reduced. Therefore, the upper limit of the S content is set to 0.03%.
Note that the content of S is desirably 0.02% or less.

(B) Amount of Surface C of Carburized Hardened Layer The amount of surface C of the carburized hardened layer of the carburized gear affects the bending fatigue strength at the root and the peeling resistance of the tooth surface. That is, if the amount of surface C of the carburized hardened layer is less than 0.6%, the peeling resistance of the tooth surface deteriorates. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1.1%,
The bending fatigue strength of the tooth root is reduced. Therefore, the surface C amount of the carburized hardened layer is set to 0.6 to 1.1%. In addition,
The surface C amount of the carburized hardened layer is preferably set to 0.7 to 1.0%.

(C) Structure of carburized hardened layer The starting point of peeling occurs on the tooth surface of the gear. Therefore,
In order to increase the resistance to peeling due to fatigue, the structure of the carburized hardened layer at the tooth surface of the carburized gear may be controlled. In this case, controlling the structure in a region from the surface to a depth of 0.5 mm is extremely effective for suppressing the progress of peeling.

On the other hand, it is necessary to increase the strength of the base material after carburizing and quenching, and to control the structure of the carburized hardened layer at the base of the carburized gear, particularly, the structure in the region from the surface to a depth of 0.5 mm. This is effective for increasing the bending fatigue strength of the steel.

Therefore, in the present invention, which aims to simultaneously solve the problem of peeling on the tooth surface of the gear and the occurrence of bending fatigue at the root of the gear, the structure of the carburized hardened layer has a depth of 0.5 mm from the surface. Define the organization in the area.

Generally, in a carburized and quenched gear, the main structure in a region from the surface of the carburized hardened layer to a depth of 0.5 mm is composed of martensite and retained austenite. However, in the case of a gear using the target steel of the present invention as a base material (material steel) to which an appropriate amount of B is added while the amounts of C, Mn, Cr and Mo are strictly controlled, carburizing and quenching are performed.
Troostite is formed in the above-mentioned region in addition to martensite and retained austenite. The area fraction of this troostite is small at the tooth surface portion where the cooling rate during carburizing and quenching is high, and is large at the root portion where the cooling rate is low.

The troostite formed in the carburized and quenched gear in a region from the surface of the carburized hardened layer to a depth of 0.5 mm affects the resistance to bending fatigue (bending fatigue strength) and the peeling resistance. More specifically, troostite in the above-mentioned region increases the bending fatigue life of the tooth root (breakage life of the tooth root), but decreases the peel life of the tooth surface.

Regarding the tooth surface, when the troostite in the above-mentioned region exceeds 5% in area fraction (average area fraction),
The peel life is shortened. Therefore, the area fraction of troostite in the region is set to 5% or less. In addition,
Although the lower limit of the troostite fraction need not be particularly defined, troostite has a structure that is not resistant to peeling, and therefore it is better to reduce the troostite fraction as much as possible. That is,
The structure of the gear tooth surface may be a normal carburized and quenched structure composed of martensite and retained austenite.

Regarding the tooth root, when the troostite in the above-mentioned region is less than 5% in area fraction (average area fraction),
Bending fatigue life (breaking life) is reduced. Therefore, the area fraction of troostite in the region is 5%.
It was above. The area fraction of troostite in the region is preferably 10% or more. Truostite does not affect the root bending fatigue strength.
Therefore, the upper limit of the fraction does not need to be particularly defined, but it is considered that the upper limit is actually about 80% in terms of manufacturing. However, the area fraction of troostite in the above-mentioned region may of course be more than 80%.

In the case of a gear made of the target steel of the present invention as a base material, the above-described tooth surface portion structure and root portion structure can be made compatible only by performing normal carburizing and quenching. However, in order to obtain greater peel resistance and bending fatigue strength, as described above, the area fraction of troostite is reduced as much as possible at the tooth surface, and the troostite fraction is 5% at the root of the tooth. In particular, it is important to exceed 10%.

Therefore, in the case of performing normal carburizing and quenching, it is preferable that the target gear has an outer diameter of about 20 mm to about 250 mm in consideration of the mass effect at the time of carburizing and quenching. On the other hand, in order to easily obtain a desired structure irrespective of the size of the target gear, it is desirable to perform a dough pickling process that can adjust the cooling at the root portion and the tooth surface portion during carburizing and quenching. In addition, “dipping” refers to a method of immersing in a cooling medium (quenching agent). The cooling medium is not particularly limited, and water, oil, salt (salt) or the like may be used at an appropriate temperature depending on the size of the gear.

The carburized gear according to the present invention is obtained by melting a base material (base steel) having the above-mentioned chemical composition by, for example, a usual method, hot rolling or forging, and further performing a heat treatment as necessary. Then, after forming into a desired gear shape by cutting, forging, etc., carburizing and quenching are performed, and if necessary, tempering, grinding, and polishing at a low temperature are performed.

[0051]

EXAMPLES Steel having the chemical composition shown in Tables 1 and 2 was vacuum-melted in a usual manner by 150 kg. Steel A to Table 1
J is a target steel of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present invention steel), and steels K to S in Table 2 are comparative steels in which one of the components is out of the range specified in the present invention. Note that, among the comparative steels, steel S is a conventional steel of high Mo-high Ni, which is known as high-strength gear steel.

[0052]

[Table 1]

[0053]

[Table 2]

Next, these steels were made into billets by a usual method, heated to 1200 ° C.,
It was hot forged at a temperature of 1000 ° C. to form a round bar having a diameter of 85 mm, and was further normalized at 925 ° C.

From the thus obtained round bar after normalization, a gear base material was prepared by hot forging by a usual method, and then subjected to cutting (hobbing and shaving). The original "helical gear" was cut out.

[0056]

[Table 3]

(Example 1) Carburizing conditions for the above-mentioned helical gear having steel A as the base material of the present invention as a base metal were set to a to
In place of e, carburizing and quenching were performed according to the heat pattern shown in FIG. 1, and then tempering was performed at 180 ° C. for 2 hours. Note that, under all of the carburizing conditions a to e, the carburized gear was quenched in oil at 120 ° C.

[0058]

[Table 4]

Thereafter, a power circulating gear test was carried out by using a test machine having the outline shown in FIG. 2 using the above-mentioned carburized and tempered gears as test materials.

That is, the large gear 2 and the small gear 3 manufactured as described above are mounted in the test gear box 1, and the load torque (displayed on the torque detector 6) is determined by the weight lever 4 and the stopper 5. The small gear 3 was rotated at 3123 rpm by adjusting to a constant value (200 N · m). When a power circulating gear test is performed under these conditions, the root of the small gear 3 is broken due to bending fatigue, or the tooth surface of the small gear 3 is separated. Breakage at the root of the small gear 3 or peeling of the tooth surface (hereinafter, these are also simply referred to as "damage")
The vibrometer attached to the test gearbox 1
7 and can be detected by torque fluctuation. Here, the “number of times of meshing with the tooth of the mating gear” at the time when any of the above-mentioned damages occurred was determined as the fatigue life of the gear pair (hereinafter simply referred to as fatigue life). The number of n in the power circulating gear test is 5.

For the small gears treated under the respective carburizing conditions, the surface C amount of the carburized hardened layer was measured by EPMA, and the carburized hardened layers at the tooth surface and the tooth root were measured by an optical microscope.
The structure of the region from the surface to a depth of 0.5 mm was observed.

Table 5 shows the results. Table 5 shows the effect of the surface C content of the carburized hardened layer on the fatigue life of the carburized gear. In Table 5, the terms "tooth surface troostite amount" and "tooth root troostite amount" refer to the amount of truth in the carburized hardened layer at the tooth surface and the root, respectively, in a region from the surface to a depth of 0.5 mm. It refers to the average area fraction of tight, and the portion other than troostite (area fraction) means martensite and retained austenite.

[0063]

[Table 5]

From Table 5, it can be seen that the comparative examples of carburizing conditions d and e in which the amount of surface C of the carburized hardened layer is out of the range specified in the present invention have a shorter fatigue life than the carburizing conditions a to c of the present invention. It is clear that. Under the carburizing condition d in the comparative example, the surface C amount of the carburized hardened layer is as low as 0.54%, so that the surface hardness is insufficient, and the carburized layer is damaged in a short time by peeling. On the other hand, under the carburizing condition e, the carburized hardened layer becomes brittle because the surface C amount is too high as 1.15%, breaks due to bending fatigue, and breaks in a short time.

(Example 2) Steels A to J of the present invention,
The above-mentioned helical gear having a base material of steel K to S, which is a comparative steel, is subjected to the carburizing and quenching of the heat pattern shown in FIG. 1 under the carburizing conditions shown in Table 4b, and then at 180 ° C. for 2 hours. Was tempered. In addition, also in this Example, the gear after carburizing was quenched in 120 degreeC oil.

Thereafter, a power circulating gear test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 above, using the carburized, quenched and tempered gears as test materials. In addition, as in the case of the first embodiment, regarding the small gear, the surface C amount of the carburized hardened layer was measured by EPMA, and the carburized hardened layer at the tooth surface portion and the root portion was measured by an optical microscope to a depth of 0.5 mm from the surface. The structure of the region was observed.

Table 6 shows the results. In Table 6, the “tooth surface troostite amount” and the “tooth root troostite amount” are the same as those in Table 5 above, from the surface of the carburized hardened layer at the tooth surface portion and the tooth root portion, respectively.
It refers to the average area fraction of troostite in a region up to 5 mm, and the portion other than troostite (area fraction) means martensite and retained austenite.

[0068]

[Table 6]

In the case of the carburized gear using the steel of the present invention as a base material, Table 4
By the carburizing and quenching under the carburizing condition b, the amount of surface C and the structure in the carburized hardened layer within the range specified in the present invention were obtained. And in each case, the carburized gear is 2.0 ×
Has a fatigue life of more than 10 ⁶ . The fatigue life of the gear made of the steel of the present invention as a base material is twice as long as the fatigue life of a carburized gear made of a conventional steel (steel S) having high Mo and high Ni, and is extremely good.

In the case of the carburized gear using the steel of the present invention as a base material, the area fraction of torstatite in the region from the surface of the carburized hardened layer of the tooth surface to the depth of 0.5 mm is slightly higher than that of the other cases. (Steel C and Steel H as base materials) were damaged by peeling. In other cases, the root of the tooth was broken due to bending fatigue.

On the other hand, a comparative steel of steels K to R was used as a base steel (base metal).
Each of the carburized gears has a short fatigue life of less than 1 × 10 ⁶ .

Steel K has a higher content of Mn and Cr than the values specified in the present invention. For this reason, in the case of carburized gears made of steel K as a base material, the hardenability of the carburized hardened layer is increased, so that no torsite is formed at the root of the tooth, the root is broken by bending fatigue, and the fatigue life is short.

Steel L has a high content of impurity elements P and S. For this reason, in the carburized gear made of steel L as the material steel, the carburized hardened layer is embrittled, the root of the tooth is broken by bending fatigue, and the fatigue life is short.

The steel M has a higher N content than the value specified in the present invention. For this reason, in a carburized gear made of steel M as a base material, the effect of the addition of B is lost, so that the hardness of the base material is low, root fracture occurs due to bending fatigue, and the fatigue life is short. Incidentally, the base metal hardness of steel M was Hv290. On the other hand, Al
In the case of the steel A of the present invention, in which the amounts of the other constituent elements except for N and N were substantially the same as those of the steel M, the base metal hardness was Hv380.

Steel N has a higher Mo content than the value specified in the present invention. For this reason, carburized gears made of steel N as the material steel have high hardenability of the carburized hardened layer, and the
No stite is formed, and root breakage due to bending fatigue occurs, resulting in a short fatigue life.

Steel O and steel P have a B content lower than the value specified in the present invention. For this reason, in the case of carburized gears made of steel O and steel P, the hardness of the base material is low, root fracture occurs due to bending fatigue, and the fatigue life is short. By the way, steel O and steel P
Were Hv275 and Hv295, respectively.

[0077] Steel Q has a Cr content lower than the value specified in the present invention and a Mn content close to the specified lower limit. For this reason, in the case of carburized gears made of steel Q as a material steel, the hardenability is insufficient, and a large amount of troostite is generated on the tooth surface, which is broken by peeling and has a short fatigue life.

In steel R, the contents of Cr and B are lower than the values specified in the present invention. For this reason, carburized gears made of steel R as a base material have insufficient hardenability, generate a large amount of troostite on the tooth surface, and are broken by peeling, resulting in a short fatigue life.

[0079]

The carburized gear of the present invention has excellent resistance to peeling due to fatigue (peeling resistance) and bending fatigue strength, and therefore can be used as a gear for power transmission used in automobiles and industrial machines. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a heat pattern of carburizing and quenching performed in Examples.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of a power circulating gear tester used in Examples.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Test gearbox 2: Large gear 3: Small gear 4: Weight lever 5: Stopper 6: Torque detector 7: Vibration meter

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) The base material is, by weight%, C: 0.1 to 0.3.
%, Mn: 0.1 to 1.2%, Cr: 0.1 to 1.5
%, Mo: more than 0.15% and 0.70% or less, B:
0.001 to 0.005%, Al: 0.01 to 0.1
%, Nb: 0 to 0.05%, Ti: 0 to 0.05%,
N: 0 to 0.015%, Si: 0.4% or less, Ni:
0.5% or less, Cu: 0.4% or less, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, steel having a chemical composition of balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the surface C of the carburized hardened layer Amount is weight%
And the area fraction of troostite in the region from the surface of the carburized hardened layer to a depth of 0.5 mm is 5% or less at the tooth surface portion and 5% or more at the root portion. A carburized gear characterized by the following.