JPH1161142A - Production of charcoal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain charcoal generating heat similarly to conventional charcoal and capable of sustaining its combustion, by subjecting wood to densification treatment under pressure followed by dry distillation of the resulting wood under heating. SOLUTION: Wood (pref. thinnings) is swollen pref. in water at normal temperatures or pressurized hot water, and then compressed by a press to conduct a densification treatment. The resultant wood is bored to have a number of transverse holes and to form air channels, and then subjected to dry distillation under heating to obtain the objective charcoal. Specifically, swollen thinnings 1 are packed in a vessel 5 standing high pressures, a pressing element 6 is fitted into the opening of the vessel 5 and pressurized using a press 7 to compress the thinnings in the vessel and discharge the water absorbed during the above swelling process. There are provided an appropriate number of drain ports 5a on the vessel, enabling the thinnings to be compressed while discharging the water squeezed out of the thinnings. When the vessel is to be packed with the thinnings, the vessel is raised on a support stand 8 with the opening turned upward.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for producing charcoal using wood, particularly relatively soft wood such as thinned wood.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Charcoal emits a large amount of far-infrared rays when it is burned, so it is most suitable as a heating means for cooking and roasting fish and meat inside, and especially dried fish such as eels. It is widely used in stores that mainly use porcelain such as yakitori and yakitori. Recently, it has been suitably used for cooking outdoors such as campsites where there is no equipment using gas.

[0003] Charcoal, as typified by Bincho charcoal, is obtained by heat-distillation of shrubs or the like as a raw material. Since it is relatively solid and hard, it has strong and stable thermal power and a long burning time. There is a feature.

[0004]

Recently, however, shrubs of a suitable size for obtaining good-quality charcoal have been reduced, and cutting of these shrubs has been restricted in protecting the natural environment. Furthermore, there are very few people who make full use of this charcoal production, and it is difficult to obtain good quality charcoal from such various circumstances.

[0005] On the other hand, a method of obtaining useful wood while protecting the forest by planting cedars, cypresses and other trees has been implemented. In order to obtain such high quality wood, thinning work is performed at a predetermined time. This is very important. A large amount of thinning material is generated during this thinning operation, but since this thinning material is often a young tree with a small diameter and is soft, except for special uses such as fences and simple fences. However, since it is difficult to use it as a material for wood products, in many cases, it has to be used only as a fuel.

Therefore, the present inventors have already proposed, as a method of using the thinned wood, an invention relating to perforated charcoal having good ignitability, which can be used outdoors such as a camp.
However, as described above, since this thinned wood is a young tree, it has a small diameter and is soft, and the charcoal obtained by heating and carbonizing it is also soft. Therefore, the combustion time is relatively short, and the calorific value fluctuates, so that attention must be paid to the degree of fire during combustion.

[0007] The present invention relates to a conventional charcoal which is obtained by using wood other than wood which is a main raw material of charcoal such as shrubs, preferably charcoal obtained using "thinned lumber". It is intended to provide a method for producing charcoal which can generate heat in a state similar to or similar to that described above, and can sustain its combustion.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems A method for producing charcoal according to the present invention for achieving the above object is constituted as follows. 1) After the wood is compressed and densified, the wood is heat-distilled. 2) Thinned wood is used as the wood.

3) The wood is swollen, and the swollen wood is subjected to a densification treatment by compression, and then the treated wood is dried.
Next, the treated wood is heat-distilled. 4) The wood is swollen in room temperature water, preferably in warm water, and the swollen wood is densified by compression. 5) The wood is swollen in pressurized hot water, and the swollen wood is subjected to a densification treatment by compression.

[0010] 6) The densification treatment is performed by compressing the wood with a pressing device. 7) A large number of horizontal holes are made in the densified wood so as to form an air passage in the obtained charcoal. Since thinned wood such as cedar and cypress is softer than shrubs, it is generally not suitable as a raw material for high quality charcoal. When charcoal is manufactured using this thinned wood, the charcoal has a light specific gravity and is soft, so that it is easily broken. Therefore, this charcoal burns in a short time and has a property of easily breaking down during burning.

Therefore, in the present invention, thinned wood and other soft wood which is not suitable for charcoal are subjected to a densification treatment to reduce the interval between annual rings and increase the hardness, thereby obtaining a material close to shrub. Is changing. The densification process is performed by compressing wood,
Dry thinned wood is difficult to compress and the wood is easily destroyed. Therefore, the wood is swelled in water, warm water, and boiling water to make it soft.

The swelling treatment carried out by immersion in warm water makes the wood considerably flexible because it can contain a large amount of water. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the swelling treatment can be performed even at room temperature water. If the wood is treated in a reduced-pressure atmosphere or in a vacuum before the swelling treatment, the swelling treatment can be performed efficiently. In this swelling treatment, ordinary water or warm water can be used. However, it is more efficient to mix a liquid having a swelling effect such as methanol in water and to perform the swelling treatment by this.

In the present invention, the wood is softened and less cracked by the swelling process, and the wood is pressed to increase the density and then dried. The charcoal can be manufactured by cutting the dried wood to a predetermined length and heating and carbonizing the wood. A press machine or a press roller can be used for press working, but in some cases, a processing method in which high pressure is applied in a short time by using, for example, explosion or impact pressure may be adopted. it can.

[0014] Since about 50% to 65% of the water contained in the wood mainly composed of thinned wood during this pressing is discharged, the subsequent drying treatment can be performed efficiently. By the way, in the present invention, the method for determining whether or not the densification treatment has been performed efficiently is based on the comparison between the original wood and the wood after the densification treatment, and how much the interval between the annual rings is reduced. Check whether it has been converted. Also, the degree of increase in hardness is measured using a hardness meter. Further, it can be determined by measuring the rate of change of the electric resistance.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Embodiment 1) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a compressible wood 1 such as a thinned wood is prepared. Then, place the water 3 in the kettle 2 as shown in FIG.
(Or liquid mainly composed of water)
Is heated to heat the water 3, preferably boiled.

This heating operation is for heating the water 3 to heat the thinned material 1 as warm water, and to make the thinned material 1 contain a large amount of water during the heating to swell as much as possible. Wood 1 such as thinned lumber swelled with a large amount of water is soft and has increased toughness, and is decomposed into pieces even when compressed by a press machine, and is in a state where it does not crack significantly. I have.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the thinned wood 1 swollen as described above can withstand high pressure as shown in FIG. 3 (in this embodiment, it is configured to be sufficiently long in the front and back directions of the paper). And the pressing body 6 is inserted into the opening of the container 5.
And pressurizing the pressing body 6 by using a press device 7 to discharge the water absorbed when the wood 1 such as a thinned wood in the container 5 is compressed and swelled.

The container 5 is provided with an appropriate number of drain holes 5a, so that water squeezed out of the wood 1 such as thinned wood can be compressed while draining. Reference numeral 8 denotes a support table. When the thinning material 1 is filled in the container 5, the container 5 is raised on the support table 8 and the opening is directed upward. The pressing body 6 is placed on the thinned material 1 so that the thinned material 1 does not escape from the container 5. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the container 5 is turned sideways (to the right) from the vertical direction, and
The pressing device (or piston rod) is attached and the press device 7 is driven to press.

As described above, by operating the pressing device 7 to compress the wood 1 such as thinned wood in the container 5, the water contained in the wood 1 is densified while gradually discharging water, thereby increasing the density. Gradually increase. Due to the swelling process, the relatively soft wood 1 such as a thinned wood is further softened and easily deformed. Therefore, the wood 1 is less likely to crack or decompose during the compression step of the press device 7.

As described above, the wood 1 such as the thinned wood swollen in the container 5 is compressed while applying high pressure by using a pressurizing device such as a press device 7 to squeeze out the moisture, thereby performing a densification process. In this compression process, wood 1 such as thinned wood
The spacing of the annual rings decreases, and the tissue becomes denser with it.
Then, the weight and hardness increase as the interval between the annual rings decreases.

The thinned wood 1 subjected to the above densification processing does not return to its original state even when the pressure of the press device 7 is removed and the thinned wood 1 is taken out of the container 5. Next, the thinned wood 1 is left in a well-ventilated place and dried. Wood 1a, such as thinned wood, which has been subjected to densification processing and then dried as described above, increases in weight by about 30% to 50% as compared with the original wood 1 such as thinned wood.
The density has increased accordingly. Therefore, it has been confirmed that the soft wood 1a such as thinned wood that has been subjected to the densification treatment has the same density as that of the shrub and has an increased hardness. By heating and carbonizing the wood, good charcoal can be obtained. Can be manufactured.

Example 2 As shown in FIG. 1, wood 1 mainly comprising thinned wood immediately after logging or not so dried is prepared, and supplied to the press device shown in FIG. Treatment is performed, and then heating and carbonization are performed in accordance with the above-described steps to produce charcoal. (Embodiment 3) The chance of using charcoal in ordinary households is reduced, and especially young people may not know how to ignite. Therefore, in order to facilitate ignition, wood having many lateral holes is prepared. This is heated and carbonized in a charcoal kiln to convert the wood to charcoal, so that perforated charcoal can be obtained.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a lumber 1a, such as a thinned wood, which is a raw material of charcoal, which has been processed in the densification process. The thinned wood 1a has a large number of lateral holes 10 penetrating from one surface (front surface) to the opposite surface (rear surface). In this example, a large number of horizontal holes 10 are penetrated in parallel with each other and in a state where the distance between the adjacent horizontal holes 10 is changed in the longitudinal direction, thereby facilitating the processing of the horizontal holes 10.
By dispersing the horizontal holes 10, care is taken so that the charcoal made from the horizontal holes 10 is not weakened locally.

The horizontal holes 10 are not holes formed in the longitudinal direction of the wood 1a such as thinned wood, but are provided in a large number in the transverse direction.
The direction is not orthogonal to the axis of the lumber 1a such as thinned wood, but may be at a certain angle to this axis. As shown in FIG. 1, the work of drilling a large number of horizontal holes 10 in parallel with wood 1a such as thinned wood is performed by fixing the wood 1a such as thinned wood on a support board of a drilling machine, and May be fed by a predetermined distance.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the lumber 1a, such as thinned wood, showing the lumber 1a having the lateral holes 10 radially formed. Such an opening operation is performed when one opening operation is completed. It is preferable to perform this operation while rotating the wood 1a such as thinned wood at a predetermined angle (45 degrees). FIG. 6 shows a cross-section of a wood-like hole made of thinned wood or the like while taking care not to connect a portion where the first horizontal hole 11 and the second horizontal hole 11a that have penetrated in a plane cross each other. Form.

In this operation, the thinned wood 1a is placed on a drilling machine, and then the first horizontal hole 11 is opened by a drill. Then, the wood 1a such as the thinned wood is rotated by 90.degree. The lateral hole 11a is opened. In this case, since it is only necessary to open the horizontal holes in two directions, the drilling process becomes extremely easy.
Compared to the size of charcoal made from shrubs, the wood according to the present invention, especially wood 1a mainly composed of densely thinned wood
Some of them have a considerably large diameter. Therefore, even if they are heated and carbonized in the same size, they may be inefficient or may not be able to produce good quality charcoal. Therefore, it is preferable that the wood such as the thinned wood is divided into two or four pieces and heated and carbonized in a charcoal kiln to have a size that can be used as charcoal.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing wood 1b such as thinned timber.
3 is a cross-sectional view in which a through hole 12 is formed at an angle perpendicular to or close to a flat bottom surface a. FIG.
Is a cross-sectional view of the wood 1c, such as a thinned lumber, divided into four parts, in which a through hole 13 is opened substantially in parallel with a flat bottom surface a. As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, wood, such as thinned wood, is divided into two or four parts, and a horizontal hole is preferably formed in the raw material, and swelled as described above. After that, a densification treatment is performed by applying pressure. Then, the wood is dried and heated and carbonized in a charcoal kiln to produce charcoal.

As described above, the third embodiment of the present invention is to produce various types of horizontal holes in wood, which is a raw material of densified charcoal, and to produce charcoal by burning charcoal in a conventional manner. Therefore, the operation of opening the horizontal holes in the wood is extremely simple, and a large number of horizontal holes of a predetermined size can be arranged at an accurate position at arbitrary intervals. When igniting this perforated charcoal, it can be easily ignited by illuminating the mouth of the side hole with fire, and the side hole serves as a small chimney for discharging combustion gas or a heat storage zone. Therefore, even a person who has little opportunity to use charcoal can easily ignite and use it for cooking or the like.

Further, charcoal having excellent ignitability can be obtained by impregnating or filling a substance having good ignitability into the horizontal hole before or during use.
Further, as an application example, an assembly of charcoal or a charcoal structure is formed by assembling into a slender, net or woven shape through a wire or the like through the opened horizontal hole as described above. By providing this in a multistage manner like a curtain in a passage of air or gas, a duct or a casing, it can be used as a device for purifying gas such as air.

Further, by perforating the perforated charcoal of the present invention between two perforated metal plates or a wire mesh,
A filter having a large contact area can be manufactured.
In addition, the present invention is most effective when the densification treatment is performed before turning the thinned wood into charcoal, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any wood that can be subjected to the densification treatment can be used. Anything can be applied.

[0031]

The present invention is based on the basic technique of compressing wood, performing a densification treatment, and then heating and carbonizing the wood to produce charcoal. Therefore, in particular, even when the thinned wood is used, the thinned wood is compressed to increase the density, and then heated and carbonized to produce charcoal. Since the firepower is relatively strong and can be stably burned, the effective use of the thinned wood can be measured.

In the densification treatment, the wood is preferably immersed in warm water or the like, and further pressurized to swell at an early stage to increase flexibility, so that when the wood is pressed, cracks are generated in the wood. Since the water contained during the pressing step is gradually discharged without performing the pressing, the densification treatment can be performed efficiently. By subjecting the wood subjected to the densification treatment to a heating / drying treatment in accordance with a conventional method, a wood having an appropriate hardness and a calorific value can be produced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state where wood such as thinned wood is stacked.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a wood swelling process.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a step of compressing and densifying the swelled wood.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of wood having a horizontal hole.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a piece of wood in which lateral holes are radially formed.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of wood having a horizontal hole formed in a cross-girder shape.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a half-split wood with a horizontal hole.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a four-piece wood piece having a horizontal hole.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1a, 1b, 1c Wood such as thinned wood 10 Side hole 11 First side hole 11a Second side hole 12, 13 Through hole

Claims (7)

[Claims] After the wood is compressed and densified,
A method for producing charcoal, comprising heating and carbonizing the wood. 2. The method for producing charcoal according to claim 1, wherein said wood is thinned wood. 3. A method for producing charcoal, comprising swelling wood, subjecting the swollen wood to a densification treatment by compression, drying the treated wood, and heat-distilling the treated wood. 4. The method for producing charcoal according to claim 3, wherein the wood is swollen in normal temperature water or hot water, and the swollen wood is densified by compression. 5. The method for producing charcoal according to claim 3, wherein the wood is swollen in pressurized hot water, and the swollen wood is densified by compression. 6. The method for producing charcoal according to claim 1, wherein the wood is compressed by a pressing device to be densified. 7. The method for producing charcoal according to claim 1, wherein a number of horizontal holes are formed in the densified wood to form air passages in the charcoal.