JPH1158325A - Manufacture of wooden heat treated material and use thereof - Google Patents
Manufacture of wooden heat treated material and use thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1158325A JPH1158325A JP9239034A JP23903497A JPH1158325A JP H1158325 A JPH1158325 A JP H1158325A JP 9239034 A JP9239034 A JP 9239034A JP 23903497 A JP23903497 A JP 23903497A JP H1158325 A JPH1158325 A JP H1158325A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- heat
- treated
- treated product
- low temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、木材を１５０〜３
５０℃の低温度で熱処理することによって、木材の持つ
多孔性を生かしながら木材の強度を保持しつつ、木材に
微生物や腐朽菌による分解に対する抵抗性を付与した耐
久性の高い農業用、園芸用、土木用、建築用資材に適し
た木質熱処理物を提供するものである。この材料は、土
壌に直接混入すれば、畑地やゴルフ場造成に適した耐久
性の高い土壌改良材となり、また、この物質にみみず
糞、鶏糞、水産加工廃棄物を肥料化したものなどを混合
することによって、肥料効果を長期間保持し得る優れた
有機質肥料などとなる。また、この材料を樹木などの根
回りに１０〜３０ｃｍの厚さで敷き詰めると、これらの
樹木の成長を助け、かつ雑草の発生を防ぐ耐久性の高い
無公害の樹木、園芸用保護資材となる。さらに、最近人
に優しい道路作りの一環として、木質チップなどを防腐
処理し遊歩道に敷き詰める例が出てきたが、この材料を
そのまま、または粘着材やアスファルトなどと混合して
敷き詰めることにより、防腐剤を用いない環境に優しい
土木資材となる。また、この材料は接着剤と混合して圧
締することにより、また、セメントなどと混合して圧締
することにより、防腐剤を用いることなしに寸度安定性
が高く、かつ耐久性の高い建築用資材となる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to
By applying heat treatment at a low temperature of 50 ° C, while maintaining the strength of the wood while taking advantage of the porosity of the wood, it is also highly durable for agricultural and horticultural applications that imparts resistance to the decomposition of microorganisms by microorganisms and rot fungi. It is intended to provide a wood heat-treated product suitable for civil engineering and construction materials. If this material is directly mixed into the soil, it becomes a highly durable soil improvement material suitable for the creation of upland fields and golf courses.Furthermore, this material is mixed with worm droppings, chicken droppings, and fertilized marine processing waste. By doing so, it becomes an excellent organic fertilizer that can maintain the fertilizer effect for a long period of time. When this material is laid around the root of a tree or the like with a thickness of 10 to 30 cm, it becomes a highly durable non-polluting tree and horticultural protection material that supports the growth of these trees and prevents the generation of weeds. Recently, as part of building a road that is friendly to humans, there has been an example of embedding wood chips and embedding them on a promenade.However, this material can be used as it is or mixed with an adhesive or asphalt to spread preservatives. It is an environmentally friendly civil engineering material that does not use any. In addition, this material is mixed with an adhesive and pressed, and also mixed with cement or the like and pressed, so that the dimensional stability is high without using a preservative and the durability is high. It becomes a building material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、この種のものにあっては、下記の
ようなものになっている。 １．農業用、園芸用の土壌改良材の場合 農業用、園芸用に使用される土壌改良材など木質系資材
は、数カ月〜１年間野積みすることによって、木材の主
成分であるセルロースやヘミセルロースを、予め土壌微
生物や腐朽菌によって分解し、窒素飢餓の発生を防いで
いた。 ２．鶏糞など有機質肥料などの場合 そのまま施肥する。 ３．農業用、園芸用の木質系土壌改良材の場合 農業用、園芸用に使用される従来の木質系土壌改良材
は、単に数カ月〜１年間野積みするだけである。 ４．農業用、園芸用資材としての木炭の場合 従来の農業用、園芸用資材として、木炭は５００〜８０
０℃前後の高温度で製造されたものである。 ５．歩道に木材粉砕物を敷き詰める場合 近年、人に優しい道路作りの一環として、木質チップな
どの木材粉砕物を歩道に敷き詰める事例が増してきた
が、これらは木材を無処理の状態のまま、あるいは粘着
材やアスファルトと混合して用いる。また、耐久性を高
める場合は、木材に防腐剤を処理している。 ６．木質建材の場合 パーティクルボードなど従来の木質建材は、寸度安定性
や耐久性を高めるため、それぞれの高価な寸度安定材や
防腐剤を用いている。2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, this type is as follows. 1. For agricultural and horticultural soil improvement materials For agriculture and horticultural use, wood-based materials, such as soil improvement materials, are piled up for several months to one year to produce cellulose and hemicellulose, the main components of wood, It was decomposed in advance by soil microorganisms and rot fungi, preventing the occurrence of nitrogen starvation. 2. In the case of organic fertilizers such as chicken dung, fertilize as it is. 3. In the case of agricultural and horticultural woody soil improvers Conventional woody soil improvers used for agricultural and horticultural use are simply piled up for several months to one year. 4. In the case of charcoal as agricultural or horticultural material, charcoal is 500 to 80 as conventional agricultural or horticultural material.
It was manufactured at a high temperature of around 0 ° C. 5. In the case of laying crushed wood on the sidewalk In recent years, as a part of building a human-friendly road, there has been an increasing number of cases where crushed wood such as wood chips is laid on the sidewalk. Mix with wood and asphalt. In order to enhance durability, wood is treated with a preservative. 6. In the case of wooden building materials Conventional wooden building materials such as particle board use expensive dimension stabilizers and preservatives in order to enhance dimensional stability and durability.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の技術で述べたも
のにあっては、下記のような問題点を有していた。 １．農業用、園芸用の土壌改良材の場合 木材そのものは腐朽が進行して脆くなり、長年の使用に
絶えられなかった。 ２．鶏糞など有機質肥料などの場合 そのまま施肥するため、雨水などにより流失し、長期間
その肥料効果を保持することができなかった。 ３．農業用、園芸用の木質系土壌改良材の場合樹種によ
っては木材に含まれる生育阻害物質を無害化できず、作
物の生育に悪影響を及ぼすことがあった。 ４．農業用、園芸用資材としての木炭の場合 エネルギーコストが高く、かつ強度が脆くなるため、土
のかきおこしなどの際に砕けてしまい、長期間の使用に
耐えられなかった。 ５．歩道に木材粉砕物を敷き詰める場合 木材を無処理の状態のまま、あるいは粘着材やアスファ
ルトと混合して用いるだけのため、耐久性に乏しかっ
た。また、木材に防腐剤を処理するため、防腐剤による
環境汚染が問題視されていた。 ６．木質建材の場合 高価な寸度安定材や防腐剤を用いていたため、価格が高
く、また、防腐剤による環境汚染が問題視されていた。
本発明は、上記のような問題点をことごとく同時に解決
しようとするもので、具体的には、木材を１５０〜３５
０℃の低温度で熱処理することにより木材のもつ多孔性
及び木材の形を保持し得る強度を保ちながら、防腐剤を
用いることなく微生物や腐朽菌による木材の分解を抑止
し、無公害かつ耐久性の高い農業用、園芸用、土木用、
建築用資材に適した木質熱処理物を安価に提供するもの
である。The above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. 1. In the case of soil improvement materials for agriculture and horticulture, the timber itself has decayed and became brittle, and has not been used for many years. 2. Organic fertilizers such as chicken dung are fertilized as they are, they are washed away by rainwater, etc., and the fertilizer effect cannot be maintained for a long time. 3. In the case of woody soil amendments for agriculture and horticulture, the growth inhibitory substances contained in the wood cannot be detoxified depending on the species of the wood, which may adversely affect the growth of the crop. 4. Charcoal as an agricultural or horticultural material The energy cost is high and the strength is brittle, so it breaks up when scraping the soil and cannot withstand long-term use. 5. When pulverized wood is laid on the sidewalk Since the wood is used in an untreated state or mixed with an adhesive or asphalt, the durability is poor. In addition, since a preservative is applied to wood, environmental pollution by the preservative has been regarded as a problem. 6. In the case of wooden building materials, expensive dimensional stabilizers and preservatives were used, so the prices were high, and environmental pollution by preservatives was regarded as a problem.
The present invention seeks to solve all of the above problems at the same time.
Heat treatment at a low temperature of 0 ° C keeps the porosity of wood and the strength to maintain the shape of wood, while preventing the decomposition of wood by microorganisms and decay fungi without using preservatives, pollution-free and durable For agricultural, horticultural, civil engineering,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wood heat-treated material suitable for building materials at low cost.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明は下記のようになるものである。すなわち、
第１発明は、木質系粉砕物、廃棄物などを１５０〜３５
０℃の低温度で、軽度の加熱処理することによって、木
炭のような著しい強度低下を防ぎながら、微生物、腐朽
菌による分解、腐朽性を抑止するよう構成した木質熱処
理物の製造法である。第２発明は、第１発明で得た木質
熱処理物に、みみず糞、鶏糞、水産加工廃棄物を肥料化
したものなどの有機質肥料などを加えるか、加えること
なく形状や肥料効果を長期間持続させ土壌改良材、有機
質肥料などとして使用するよう構成した木質熱処理物の
使用方法である。第３発明は、第１発明で得た木質熱処
理物を防腐剤を用いることなく、樹木の根回りに敷き詰
めることによって雑草の発生を防除させ、樹木保護材な
どとして使用するよう構成した木質熱処理物の使用方法
である。第４発明は、第１発明で得た木質熱処理物を防
腐剤を用いることなく、アスファルトやコンクリートな
どに混ぜるか混ぜることなく、遊歩道などに土木用資材
として使用するよう構成した木質熱処理物の使用方法で
ある。第５発明は、第１発明で得た木質熱処理物を防腐
剤を用いることなく、接着剤やセメントなどと混合し圧
締することによる寸法安定性、耐久性に優れた建築材料
として使用するよう構成した木質熱処理物の使用方法で
ある。Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows. That is,
The first invention is to reduce wood-based pulverized materials, wastes, etc. by 150 to 35.
This is a method for producing a woody heat-treated product configured to suppress decomposition and decay by microorganisms and rot fungi while preventing a remarkable decrease in strength such as charcoal by performing a slight heat treatment at a low temperature of 0 ° C. The second invention is to add an organic fertilizer such as worm dung, chicken dung, fertilized marine processing waste to the wood heat-treated product obtained in the first invention, or to maintain the shape and fertilizer effect for a long time without adding it. This is a method of using a wood-based heat-treated product that is configured to be used as a soil conditioner, an organic fertilizer, or the like. A third invention is a method of controlling a wood heat-treated product which is constructed to be used as a tree protection material by preventing the occurrence of weeds by laying the wood heat-treated product obtained in the first invention around the root of a tree without using a preservative. How to use. The fourth invention uses a wood heat-treated material configured to be used as a civil engineering material on a promenade or the like without mixing or mixing the wood heat-treated material obtained in the first invention with asphalt or concrete without using a preservative. Is the way. A fifth invention is to use the wood heat-treated product obtained in the first invention as a building material having excellent dimensional stability and durability by mixing and pressing with an adhesive or cement without using a preservative. It is a method of using the composed wood heat treatment product.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】発明の実施の形態を実施例に基づ
き説明する。 Ａ．第１発明の木質熱処理物の製造法は下記の通りに構
成されている。木材を砕いてチップを製造する際に発生
するチッパーダストなどの木質系廃材を、１５０〜３５
０℃の低温度で熱処理し、木材に軽度の脱水炭化やセル
ロース分子鎖間、ヘミセルロース分子鎖間などに架橋結
合を形成することによって、土壌微生物による急速な分
解を抑止できるようにする。また、７００℃前後の高温
度で炭化する従来の木炭と異なり、１５０〜３５０℃の
低温度で熱処理することにより、木材の強度低下は木炭
に比べてはるかに小さく、作業時に砕けるようなことも
殆どなくなり、長期間その形状を保持できる。さらに、
外部加熱式の炭化炉にしろ自燃式の炭化炉にしろ、低温
度による熱処理のためエネルギーコストが低く、かつ収
率も高まるため、製造コストが極めて安価になる。ま
た、樹種によっては生育阻害物質が含まれるが、熱処理
による変質を受けて無害化する。このような熱処理物の
発明によって、初めて防腐剤を用いることなく高い耐久
性を持ち、また、適度な強度を保持する環境に優しい優
れた農業用、園芸用、土木用、建築用資材の提供が可能
になったのである。なお、本発明に用いる木質系廃材と
しては、例示のチッパーダストに限らず、建築廃材を粉
砕したものなどその種類を問うものではない。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples. A. The method for producing the woody heat-treated product of the first invention is configured as follows. Woody waste such as chipper dust generated when crushing wood to produce chips is removed from 150 to 35
By heat-treating at a low temperature of 0 ° C., mild dehydration carbonization of wood and formation of cross-links between cellulose molecular chains, hemicellulose molecular chains, and the like can prevent rapid decomposition by soil microorganisms. Also, unlike conventional charcoal, which is carbonized at a high temperature of around 700 ° C., heat treatment at a low temperature of 150 to 350 ° C. reduces the strength of wood much less than charcoal. Almost disappears and its shape can be maintained for a long time. further,
Regardless of whether it is an externally heated carbonization furnace or a self-combustion type carbonization furnace, heat costs at low temperatures lower energy costs and increase yields, resulting in extremely low production costs. In addition, some tree species contain growth-inhibiting substances, but are detoxified by heat treatment. By the invention of such a heat-treated product, it is possible to provide, for the first time, a highly durable, environmentally-friendly agricultural, horticultural, civil engineering, and building material having a high durability without using a preservative and maintaining a suitable strength. It became possible. The wood-based waste used in the present invention is not limited to the illustrated chipper dust, and does not matter what kind such as crushed building waste.
【０００６】Ｂ．第２発明の有機質肥料などとして使用
する木質熱処理物の使用方法は、下記の通りに構成され
ている。例えば、農業用資材について述べるならば、従
来の木質土壌改良材は、数カ月〜１年間野積みすること
によって、木材の腐朽を進めるため、製造に長期間を要
し、かつ木材の強度低下も大きいため長期間の使用に耐
えられなかったが、本発明は数分〜数十分間という極め
て短時間の熱処理で製造することができ、しかも、木炭
のような著しい強度低下を生ずることが無いため、長期
間における使用が可能になった。また、生育阻害物質を
含有する樹種の場合は、野積みによってもその成分が失
われることは無く、土壌改良に不適なものがあったが、
本発明では熱処理の過程で、このような有害物質は変質
を受けて無害化するため、あらゆる樹種の使用が可能に
なった。さらに、化学肥料の施肥による土壌の低質化を
防ぐため、有機質肥料を用いることが重要視されるよう
になったが、有機質肥料といえども単に土壌に施肥する
だけでは、雨水などにより肥料分が流失し、肥料効果を
長期間持続することができなかった。このため、みみず
糞、鶏糞、水産加工廃棄物を肥料化したものなど優れた
有機質肥料を、上述の木質熱処理物と混合することによ
り、肥料成分が木材中の空隙に保持されるようになり、
長期間にわたって肥料効果を維持することが可能にな
る。また、有機質肥料などとしては、例示のみみず糞、
鶏糞、水産加工廃棄物を肥料化したものに限らず畜産施
設の糞尿や生ごみを堆肥化したもの、雑草などを堆肥化
したものなどその種類を問うものではない。B. The method of using the wood heat-treated product used as the organic fertilizer of the second invention is configured as follows. For example, in the case of agricultural materials, the conventional woody soil improver requires a long period of time to manufacture and decay the wood by being piled up for several months to one year, and the strength of the wood is greatly reduced. Therefore, it could not withstand long-term use, but the present invention can be manufactured by heat treatment for a very short time of several minutes to several tens of minutes, and furthermore, since there is no remarkable decrease in strength unlike charcoal, , It can be used for a long time. In addition, in the case of a tree species containing a growth inhibitory substance, its components are not lost even when piled up, and there are some that are unsuitable for soil improvement,
In the present invention, in the process of heat treatment, such harmful substances are deteriorated and made harmless, so that all kinds of tree species can be used. Furthermore, in order to prevent soil degradation due to fertilizer application, it has become important to use organic fertilizers.However, even if organic fertilizers are simply applied to soil, the amount of fertilizers due to rainwater etc. It was washed away and the fertilizer effect could not be maintained for a long time. Therefore, by mixing excellent organic fertilizer such as worm droppings, chicken droppings, and marine processing waste into fertilizer, with the wood heat-treated product, the fertilizer component will be retained in the voids in the wood,
It is possible to maintain the fertilizer effect for a long time. In addition, as organic fertilizers, for example, only worm dung,
It does not matter what kind of fertilizer is used, such as chicken manure and fishery processing waste, as well as composted manure and garbage from livestock facilities, and composted weeds.
【０００７】Ｃ．第３発明の樹木保護材などとして使用
する木質熱処理物の使用方法は、下記の通りに構成され
ている。園芸資材について述べるならば、街路樹などの
緑化木や花壇・鉢植えなどの花木の根回りに、樹皮の粉
砕物を敷き詰める例がある。これは自然の素材で、樹木
の生育を助け、雑草の発生を防ぐことが目的である。し
かし、樹皮をそのまま敷き込むだけでは、樹種によって
は生育阻害物質を含有するため、使用できる樹種は限ら
れていた。しかるに、第１発明における木質熱処理物は
加熱処理の過程でこのような生育阻害物質を無害化する
ため、いかなる樹種もこのような園芸用資材として用い
ることを可能とした。C. The method for using the wood heat-treated product used as the tree protection material of the third invention is configured as follows. Speaking of horticultural materials, there are examples of pulverized bark being spread around greenery trees such as street trees and flower trees such as flower beds and potted plants. It is a natural material that aims to help the tree grow and prevent the emergence of weeds. However, simply laying the bark as it is, depending on the tree species, contains growth-inhibiting substances, so that the tree species that can be used have been limited. However, the woody heat-treated product of the first invention renders such growth-inhibitory substances harmless in the process of heat treatment, so that any tree species can be used as such a horticultural material.
【０００８】Ｄ．第４発明の土木用資材として使用する
木質熱処理物の使用方法は、下記の通りに構成されてい
る。人に優しい道路作りの一環として、木質チップなど
の木材粉砕物を歩道に敷き詰める場合、木材を無処理の
状態のままか、防腐剤を処理して用いていたため、耐久
性が乏しいか、防腐剤による環境汚染が問題視されてい
た。しかるに、本発明では、１５０〜３５０℃という温
度の木質熱処理物を用いるため、土壌微生物や腐朽菌に
対する抵抗性が付与され防腐剤を用いることなくこのよ
うな耐久性のある土木用資材としての使用が可能になっ
た。D. The method for using the wood heat-treated product used as the civil engineering material of the fourth invention is configured as follows. When laying wood chips or other crushed wood on the sidewalk as part of building a road that is friendly to humans, the wood is left untreated or treated with a preservative, so it has poor durability. Environmental pollution was a problem. However, in the present invention, since a wood-based heat-treated product having a temperature of 150 to 350 ° C. is used, resistance to soil microorganisms and rot fungi is imparted, and such a durable material for civil engineering is used without using a preservative. Is now possible.
【０００９】Ｅ．第５発明の建築材料として使用する木
質熱処理物の使用方法は、下記の通りに構成されてい
る。また、パーティクルボードなど、従来の木質建材は
防腐性を付与する場合、防腐剤を木材に含浸していたた
め、解体時における廃材の処理で環境汚染の生じること
が懸念されていた。しかるに、本発明では、１５０〜３
５０℃という温度の木質熱処理物を用いるため、腐朽菌
に対する抵抗性が付与されており、防腐剤を用いること
なく耐久性の高い無公害型の建築用資材の提供が可能に
なったのである。E. The method of using the wood heat-treated material used as the building material of the fifth invention is configured as follows. Further, in the case of imparting preservative properties to a conventional wood-based building material such as a particle board, since wood is impregnated with a preservative, there is a concern that disposal of waste materials during dismantling may cause environmental pollution. However, in the present invention, 150 to 3
The use of a wood-based heat-treated product at a temperature of 50 ° C. imparts resistance to rot fungi, making it possible to provide a durable, pollution-free building material without using a preservative.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】具体的な製造例は下記の通りである。 Ａ．第１発明について まず、ミズナラのチップを製造する際に発生するチッパ
ーダスト約１ｋｇをスクリュー回転式電気炉に入れ、３
００℃で２０分間熱処理することによって、本発明品の
一つである熱処理物を得た。 Ｂ．第２発明について 第１発明で得た木質熱処理物を用いた農業用資材として
の使用例は次の通りである。この木質熱処理物を１ｍ2
当たり約３００ｇ混入した土壌で苺を栽培したところ、
土壌の空隙性が高まり無施用区に比し収量が８％増大
し、甘味も増加した。次に、この木質熱処理物１ｋｇ
に、乾燥したみみず糞３００ｇを加えて混合することに
よって、当該木質熱処理物の一つの特性である土壌改良
性に優れた有機質肥料を得た。この木質熱処理物を土壌
に１ｍ2 当たり３００ｇ混入し、メロンを栽培した結
果、収量が約１２％増大し、甘味も増加した。また、２
年間の施用によっても、木材の形状は保持されていた。EXAMPLES Specific production examples are as follows. A. About the first invention First, about 1 kg of chipper dust generated when manufacturing Mizunara chips is put into a screw rotary electric furnace, and
Heat treatment was performed at 00 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a heat-treated product as one of the products of the present invention. B. About 2nd invention The use example as an agricultural material using the woody heat-treated product obtained by 1st invention is as follows. 1m 2
When strawberry was cultivated in soil mixed with about 300 g per
The porosity of the soil was increased, the yield was increased by 8% and the sweetness was increased as compared with the untreated group. Next, 1 kg of this wood heat-treated product
Then, 300 g of dried worm droppings were added and mixed to obtain an organic fertilizer excellent in soil improvement properties, which is one of the characteristics of the woody heat-treated product. 300 g of this woody heat-treated product was mixed into soil per 1 m 2 , and cultivation of melon resulted in an increase in yield of about 12% and an increase in sweetness. Also, 2
Even after years of application, the shape of the wood was retained.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】本発明は、上述の通り構成されているの
で次に記載する効果を奏する。 １．従来の木質堆肥、木質土壌改良材は木質廃材を数ケ
月〜１年間堆積することによって、微生物による分解を
進め、急速な分解に伴う窒素飢餓を防ぐ手段を講じてい
た。このため、木質堆肥、木質土壌改良材の製造に数ケ
月〜１年間の長期間を必要とするのみならず、分解腐朽
の進行で強度が脆くなり、長期間の使用に耐えられなか
った。しかるに、本発明品は１５０〜３５０℃という低
温度で熱処理するため、数分から数十分という短時間で
製造が可能になる。また、１５０〜３５０℃という低温
度の熱処理で、軽度の脱水炭化やセルロース分子鎖間、
ヘミセルロース分子鎖間に架橋結合が形成され、土壌微
生物による分解を防ぐことが可能になる。このため、従
来の木質堆肥のように数カ月〜１年間も野積みすること
なく、製造後直ちに使用しても、窒素飢餓を生ずること
はない。 ２．従来の木質堆肥、木質土壌改良材は、用いる樹種に
よっては生育阻害物質が含まれているため、作物の生育
に悪影響を及ぼすことがあった。しかし、１５０〜３５
０℃という熱処理の過程で、この生育阻害物質は全て変
質を受けて無害化されるため、あらゆる樹種を使用でき
る効果をもつ。 ３．木炭は優れた土壌改良材として、従来から使用され
ていたが、このような木炭は７００℃前後の高温度で炭
化されていた。このため、炭化に要するエネルギーコス
トが高価となり、また、炭化に伴う強度低下も極めて大
きく、使用時に砕けるなどして長期間の使用に耐えなか
った。しかし、本発明のものは、１５０〜３５０℃とい
う低温度で熱処理するため、エネルギーコストが安価と
なり、かつ強度低下も木炭に比しはるかに小さく、長期
間の使用に耐えるという効果ももつ。 ４．鶏糞などの有機質肥料などは作物の生育に効果を発
揮するのみならず、地力を保持するためにも優れた肥料
として使用されている。しかし、これらの肥料をそのま
ま土壌に混入するだけでは、土壌の空隙性は改良され
ず、また、雨水などによる流失も生ずるため、肥料効果
を長期間保持することはできなかった。このような有機
質肥料を本発明による木質熱処理物に、若干の水と共に
混入するだけで、肥料成分は木材の空隙中に保持され、
土壌の空隙性を改良するのみならず、肥料効果も長期間
維持する効果を持つようになる。 ５．木材を遊歩道などに敷き詰める土木用資材や壁板な
ど建築資材として使用する場合、耐久性を高めるために
は防腐剤を使用する必要があるため、防腐剤による環境
汚染問題が新たに生じてきた。しかるに、本発明のもの
は木質粉砕物を単に熱処理するだけのため、環境汚染を
生ずる心配は全くない無公害型資材の提供が可能にな
る。 ６．従来パルプチップ以外に使いみちのなかった小径間
伐材や、チッパーダスト、建築解体材など、あらゆる木
質系材料の使用が可能になるため、資源の有効利用だけ
でなく、木材を長期間使用し続けることにより炭酸ガス
の固定化が持続され、地球温暖化の防止に貢献できる。Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. 1. Conventional woody composts and woody soil improvers have taken measures to prevent nitrogen starvation caused by rapid decomposition by accumulating woody waste for several months to one year to promote decomposition by microorganisms. For this reason, the production of woody compost and woody soil amendment not only required a long period of several months to one year, but also became brittle due to the progress of decomposition and decay, and could not withstand long-term use. However, since the product of the present invention is heat-treated at a low temperature of 150 to 350 ° C., it can be manufactured in a short time of several minutes to several tens of minutes. In addition, heat treatment at a low temperature of 150 to 350 ° C. results in mild dehydration carbonization and intermolecular cellulose chains,
Crosslinks are formed between the hemicellulose molecular chains, which makes it possible to prevent degradation by soil microorganisms. For this reason, nitrogen starvation does not occur even if used immediately after production without stacking for several months to one year unlike conventional woody composts. 2. Conventional woody composts and woody soil amendments may have an adverse effect on the growth of crops because they contain growth inhibitors depending on the species of tree used. However, 150-35
In the course of the heat treatment at 0 ° C., all of the growth inhibitory substances are degraded and rendered harmless, so that there is an effect that any tree species can be used. 3. Charcoal has been conventionally used as an excellent soil conditioner, but such charcoal has been carbonized at a high temperature of about 700 ° C. For this reason, the energy cost required for carbonization is high, and the strength reduction accompanying carbonization is extremely large. However, according to the present invention, the heat treatment is performed at a low temperature of 150 to 350 ° C., so that the energy cost is low, the strength decrease is much smaller than that of charcoal, and there is an effect that it can withstand long-term use. 4. Organic fertilizers such as chicken dung are used as excellent fertilizers not only to exert an effect on the growth of crops but also to maintain soil strength. However, simply mixing these fertilizers into the soil as it is does not improve the porosity of the soil and also causes runoff due to rainwater or the like, so that the fertilizer effect could not be maintained for a long time. By mixing such an organic fertilizer into the wood heat-treated product of the present invention together with some water, the fertilizer component is retained in the voids of the wood,
In addition to improving the porosity of the soil, it has the effect of maintaining the fertilizer effect for a long time. 5. When wood is used as a construction material such as a civil engineering material or a wall board to be laid on a promenade or the like, a preservative must be used in order to enhance durability, and thus a new environmental pollution problem has arisen due to the preservative. However, according to the present invention, since the wood pulverized material is simply heat-treated, it is possible to provide a pollution-free material having no concern of causing environmental pollution. 6. Use of all wood-based materials, such as small-diameter thinned wood, chipper dust, and building demolition materials, which had never been used other than pulp chips in the past, enables not only effective use of resources but also continued use of wood for a long period of time. As a result, the fixation of carbon dioxide gas is sustained, which can contribute to the prevention of global warming.
Claims (5)
５０℃の低温度で、軽度の加熱処理することによって、
木炭のような著しい強度低下を防ぎながら、微生物、腐
朽菌による分解、腐朽性を抑止するよう構成したことを
特徴とする木質熱処理物の製造法。Claims 1. A wood-based pulverized product, a waste product, etc.
By performing a slight heat treatment at a low temperature of 50 ° C,
A method for producing a heat-treated wood product, characterized in that it is configured to prevent decomposition and decay by microorganisms and rot fungi while preventing a remarkable decrease in strength such as charcoal.
に、みみず糞、鶏糞、水産加工廃棄物を肥料化したもの
などの有機質肥料などを加えるか、加えることなく形状
や肥料効果を長期間持続させ、土壌改良材、有機質肥料
などとして使用するよう構成したことを特徴とする木質
熱処理物の使用方法。2. The woody heat-treated product obtained by the method according to claim 1 is added with an organic fertilizer such as worm droppings, chicken droppings, and marine processing waste into a fertilizer, or the shape and fertilizer effect are added without adding. A method for using a wood-based heat-treated product, which is configured to be used as a soil conditioner, an organic fertilizer, etc. for a long period of time.
を防腐剤を用いることなく、樹木の根回りに敷き詰める
ことによって雑草の発生を防除させ、樹木保護材などと
して使用するよう構成したことを特徴とする木質熱処理
物の使用方法。3. A wood heat-treated product obtained by the method according to claim 1, wherein the heat-treated product is spread around the roots of the tree without using a preservative to prevent the occurrence of weeds and used as a tree protection material. A method for using a wood heat-treated product characterized by the following.
を防腐剤を用いることなく、アスファルトやコンクリー
トなどに混ぜるか混ぜることなく、遊歩道などに土木用
資材として使用するよう構成したことを特徴とする木質
熱処理物の使用方法。4. A wood heat-treated product obtained by the method according to claim 1, wherein the wood heat-treated product is used as a civil engineering material on a promenade or the like without using or mixing with asphalt or concrete without using a preservative. How to use heat treated wood.
を防腐剤を用いることなく、接着剤やセメントなどと混
合し圧締することによる寸法安定性、耐久性に優れた建
築材料として使用するよう構成したことを特徴とする木
質熱処理物の使用方法。5. A building material having excellent dimensional stability and durability by mixing and pressing the heat-treated wood product obtained by the method according to claim 1 with an adhesive or cement without using a preservative. A method of using a wood-based heat-treated product, characterized in that it is configured to be used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9239034A JP3057561B2 (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1997-08-19 | Method of manufacturing wood heat-treated products and use of wood heat-treated products |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9239034A JP3057561B2 (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1997-08-19 | Method of manufacturing wood heat-treated products and use of wood heat-treated products |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1158325A true JPH1158325A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
| JP3057561B2 JP3057561B2 (en) | 2000-06-26 |
Family
ID=17038902
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9239034A Expired - Fee Related JP3057561B2 (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1997-08-19 | Method of manufacturing wood heat-treated products and use of wood heat-treated products |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3057561B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004305085A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-11-04 | Maeda Seikan Kk | Artificial lightweight soil and method for producing the same |
-
1997
- 1997-08-19 JP JP9239034A patent/JP3057561B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004305085A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-11-04 | Maeda Seikan Kk | Artificial lightweight soil and method for producing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3057561B2 (en) | 2000-06-26 |
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