JPH1157795A - Treatment of sludge and equipment therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sludge treating device optimum for small-scale treatment good in handlability and capable of treating sludge, at a low cost. SOLUTION: In this equipment sludge is separated into an extracted liquid 1A and dehydrated sludge 1B with a dehydrator 3, then the extracted liquid 1A is evaporated and dried by an indirection dryer 4, and also the dehydrated sludge is sterized by heating. Since each of the separated extracted liquid 1A and dehydrated sludge 1B is independently treated, the treatment efficiency of sludge can be enhanced and thereby the treatment cost can be reduced and also, so much energy for the treatment can be unnecessitated. As the result, in the treatment, the need of separately installing a storage vessel can be eliminated and the drying rate is not affected by whether and temp. and also, there is no possibility of causing diffusion of malodor by a draft and further, any high temp. heat source such as boiler is unnecessitated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating sludge, and more particularly to a method suitable for drying sludge such as excrement discharged from livestock of a livestock farmer and performing a desired treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in particular, the treatment of livestock excreta has become a problem, and the scale of livestock farmers has increased, and general houses and the like have been mixed around the livestock farmers, resulting in odors and water pollution. Such environmental problems cannot be ignored.

[0003] Excrement produced by livestock or sludge from sewage treatment plants is strongly treated because it is not only unpleasant due to bad smell but also causes environmental destruction such as water pollution when dumped naturally. There is a need.

[0004] As a method of treating manure of livestock, there is a method in which manure is dehydrated or dried and this can be recycled as compost or the like. One of the devices for dehydrating livestock manure is a dehydrator. This is a device that separates a solid and a liquid by pressing manure against a screen with a screw or a roller and pressing it. Here, the separated solid can be reused for compost and the like, but the liquid squeezed liquid contains a considerable amount of manure and cannot be discarded as it is due to environmental problems.

[0005] For this reason, there is an aeration treatment apparatus as an apparatus for treating a liquid component treated by a dehydrator or liquid manure mixed with water for discharge.

This conventional aeration apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a first conventional technique) is an apparatus for fermenting a liquid in a storage tank, stirring the liquid while mixing air by rotating a stirring blade by a motor or the like, and fermenting the liquid. It is. This treatment turns the liquid sludge into a liquid fertilizer that can be recycled as fertilizer.

[0007] As a conventional example for drying manure, there is a sun dryer. This conventional solar drying apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a second conventional technique) deposits manure thinly in a greenhouse or the like, and dries it by solar heat and ventilation. In such a case, since the heat source for drying uses solar heat,
There is an advantage that the processing cost is reduced.

On the other hand, a vacuum dryer using boiler combustion heat as a heat source is a recent new processing apparatus with less environmental destruction. This conventional vacuum dryer (referred to as a third prior art) is a device that controls the evaporation temperature of the sludge moisture by adjusting the degree of vacuum in the drying chamber and evaporates the moisture at a low temperature. By lowering the evaporation temperature in this way, the nutrient source of the raw manure remains unchanged, and the treated manure can be composted. At this time, the heat transferred to the manure is transferred by indirect heat transfer through a wall heated by hot water or steam. The evaporated water is returned to the water by the condenser,
It can be discarded after simple treatment such as deodorization and does not destroy the environment. In addition, since the treatment is performed in a closed container, there is an advantage that odor is hardly generated.

Further, the present applicant has previously developed and proposed a vacuum dryer using microwave heating using electric energy and heat pump heating. This conventional vacuum dryer (referred to as the fourth prior art) uses a heat pump capable of efficient heating using electricity as a heat source to vacuum-dry sludge by heat transfer, and then heat-treats the sludge by microwaves. It is. Then, microwave heating and heat pump heating are performed in the same chamber.

As for sludge in a sewage treatment plant, there is a sludge treatment apparatus utilizing waste heat from an internal combustion engine or the like, which is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-2-28099. This known example (hereinafter referred to as a fifth prior art) is a method of drying sludge by transmitting heat to a sludge dryer through a boiler using waste heat of a cogeneration system using a gas turbine engine in a sewage treatment plant. It is to let. A cogeneration system using a gas turbine engine is effective for relatively large-scale facilities such as a sewage treatment plant.

[0011]

However, the prior art shown above does not consider the following points. That is, in the first prior art, since the liquid put in the storage tank is fermented, aeration time is required about 3 to 6 days, and a separate storage tank for temporarily storing manure during the aeration is required. In addition, there is a problem that the space must be secured. Further, the treated liquid fertilizer has problems that it cannot be applied to livestock farmers who do not have their own farmland, and that they are unsuitable for transportation because they are liquid and large in volume.

In the second prior art, since the sun is used, the drying speed is greatly affected by the weather and the temperature, and there is a problem that the processing cannot be performed smoothly. In addition, a large amount of processing area is required for thinly depositing manure, which requires a lot of space, and there are many problems such as the diffusion of bad smell by ventilation.

In the case of the third prior art, since sludge is put into a drier as it is with a large amount of moisture and dried, a large amount of energy is required to dry the sludge until it can be used for compost or the like. . Further, as the sludge is dried, a space is formed between the sludges, and the efficiency of heat transfer is reduced, so that the drying efficiency is reduced. In addition, if a boiler is used, there is a problem that it cannot be handled unless it is a qualified person, and the handling is difficult.

In the fourth prior art, since the vacuum dryer is processed using only electricity, there is a problem that the operation is limited at night when the electricity rate is low in terms of running cost, and the processing capacity is limited. There are some problems. In addition, since external power is required, laying work for large power must be performed, and there is a problem that the installation property cannot be said to be good.

The fifth prior art is a cogeneration system using a gas turbine engine, so that it cannot be miniaturized, which increases the equipment cost, and is unsuitable for small-scale processing facilities such as livestock farmers. is there.

An object of the present invention is to provide a sludge treatment method which is optimal for small-scale treatment such as a livestock farmer, has good handling, and has a low treatment cost in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sludge treatment apparatus capable of appropriately performing the above-mentioned method. In addition to this, the sludge treatment apparatus can be easily installed without laying out power supply from outside. It is to provide a sludge treatment device.

[0018]

According to the method of the present invention, a dehydration treatment for separating sludge into a squeezed liquid and a dewatered sludge, a drying treatment for drying the squeezed liquid separated by the dehydration treatment by evaporation, and a dehydration treatment are provided. A heating treatment for heating the separated dewatered sludge to perform a final treatment, and a repetitive treatment for terminating the drying treatment when concentrated sludge is formed from the squeezed liquid and dehydrating the concentrated sludge together with sludge that has not been separated yet. And

In the apparatus of the present invention, a dehydrator for separating sludge into juice and dewatered sludge, and drying the juice separated by the dehydrator by evaporation and forming concentrated sludge from the juice. A heat transfer dryer that completes the drying process, a drying medium is circulated through the heat transfer dryer, a heat exchange mechanism that evaporates the juice by heat exchange, and microwave heating of the dewatered sludge separated by the dehydrator, Microwave heating means for performing a final treatment.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Before describing an embodiment of a sludge treatment apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, the principle of the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

That is, in the method of the present invention, the sludge 1 previously stored in the sludge tank 2 is taken out, and the sludge 1 is subjected to a dehydration treatment 101
Then, the sludge 1 is separated into the squeezed liquid 1A and the dehydrated sludge 1B by the dehydration treatment 101. Then, the separated juice 1A
Is dried by heat transfer drying treatment 102. The heat transfer drying process 102 ends when the evaporation of the juice 1A proceeds to some extent and the juice 1A becomes concentrated sludge 1C and the drying efficiency decreases. The formed sludge 1C is dehydrated and separated again in the dehydration treatment 101 together with the new sludge 1.

On the other hand, in the microwave heating treatment 103, the separated dewatered sludge 1B is irradiated with microwaves and heated to sterilize not only the surface side but also the inside of the dewatered sludge 1B, and furthermore, contained in the dewatered sludge 1B. It can be sterilized regardless of the water content.

As described above, the sludge 1
Is separated into a juice 1A and a dewatered sludge 1B, and the separated juice 1A is evaporated and dried by a drying treatment 102,
Since the separated dewatered sludge 1B is heated and sterilized by the heat treatment 103, the separated squeezed liquid 1A and the dewatered sludge 1B are independently processed in a method suitable for each state, so that the processing efficiency of the sludge 1 is improved. And the cost can be reduced accordingly. Moreover, when the separated squeezed liquid 1A is dried, when the drying process proceeds to form the concentrated sludge 1C, the drying process 102 is terminated. Therefore, it is not necessary to say that the drying process is continued forever. The processing 102 can be prevented from lowering, and the processing efficiency of the sludge 1 can be further increased.

Next, a sludge treatment apparatus for performing the method according to the principle of the present invention will be described. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the sludge treatment apparatus of the embodiment includes a sludge tank 2 for storing sludge 1, a dehydrator 3, a vacuum heat transfer dryer 4,
The apparatus is provided with a vacuum type microwave heater 5 and a simple private generator 6 as an electric power source for driving these.

The sludge tank 2 is for temporarily storing excrement discharged from livestock farmers.

The dewatering machine 3 has a rotating body such as a screw or a roller, for example. By pressing the sludge 1 against the rotating body, the sludge 1 is squeezed to extract the juice 1A and the dewatered sludge 1B.
And to separate and generate. The juice 1A separated by the dehydrator 3 is sent to the heat transfer dryer 4 via a pipe or the like, and the dewatered sludge 1B is sent to the microwave heater 5.

When the juice 1A is fed into the heat transfer dryer 4 from the dehydrator 3, the juice 1A is evaporated by heat transfer and dried. For this reason, the heat transfer dryer 4 has a heat exchange mechanism (not shown) for evaporating the juice 1A by heat exchange and performing a drying process.

The heat exchange mechanism feeds a high-temperature and high-pressure drying medium (for example, chlorofluorocarbon) to the heat transfer dryer 4 and evaporates the juice 1A in the heat transfer dryer 4 as steam by the heat transfer. A condenser 8 that takes in the steam generated by the heat transfer dryer 4 and condenses the steam as condensed water; a cooling tower 9 that sends a cooling medium to the condenser 8 through a pipe 11; It comprises a vacuum pump 10 for performing a drying process in a vacuum and taking in water vapor generated in the heat transfer dryer 4. Therefore, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 2, a pipe for guiding steam from the heat transfer dryer 4 is connected to the vacuum pump 10 via the condenser 8, and the amount of steam in the pipe between the vacuum pump 10 and the condenser 8 is increased. An adjustment valve 12 is provided.

The heat pump unit 7 includes a heat transfer dryer 4
Pipe 7 for piping the drying medium, which is piped between
and a compressor 7b provided at an intermediate position of the pipe 7a for converting a drying medium into high temperature and high pressure and supplying the same to the heat transfer dryer 4; And 4, when the heat exchange is performed, the expansion means 6c expands the heat-exchanged drying medium to convert it into a liquid. Further, a part of the pipe 7a is provided in the condenser 8, and at a stage before the condenser 8 condenses the steam from the heat transfer dryer 4, heat exchange between the steam and the liquid having passed through the expansion valve 7c is performed. Thus, the liquid is converted into a gas.

When the juice transfer liquid 1A is subjected to the drying treatment, the heat transfer dryer 4 proceeds with the drying treatment so that the juice extraction liquid 1A becomes concentrated sludge 1C.
, The drying process is terminated. This is because if the drying is continued forever, the squeezed liquid 1A becomes concentrated sludge 1C, and the drying process cannot be completely completed. caused by.

The heat transfer dryer 4 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
a, a main body 41 provided with the energy utilization pipe 15 and a stirring section 42 rotatably supported in the main body 41. An inlet 43 and a vacuum outlet 44 for the juice 1A from the dehydrator 3 are provided at an upper part of the main body 41, and a door 45 is attached to one side surface so as to take out concentrated sludge. In the vicinity of the door 45, a sludge discharge device 46 for discharging the concentrated sludge is installed. When the door 45 is open, the sludge discharging device 46
When the take-out rod 48 is advanced and retracted into the main body 41 by the drive of the drive 7, the spatula 49 attached to the tip of the take-out rod 48 pushes or pulls out the concentrated sludge 1C. At the time of removing the concentrated sludge 3C, the stirring unit 42 is at the position shown in FIG. 3B and is stopped so as not to interfere with the spatula 49.

On the other hand, the microwave heater 5 uses the microwave from the microwave oscillator 14 to heat the dewatered sludge 1B treated in the dehydrator 6 by the microwave.
It is for processing as fertilizer. The microwave heater 5 has a specific function of not only heating the dried sludge 1B by microwaves but also sterilizing it. Moreover, since the water content is originally reduced by the dewatering machine 3, the sterilization is carried out in advance. Functions can be performed efficiently. Also, when prioritizing the sterilizing effect of microwaves,
Raise the evaporation temperature by setting the degree of vacuum in the heater close to the atmospheric pressure,
The microwave energy may not be deprived by moisture evaporation, or by irradiating microwaves in a state where the heating device itself is pressurized by pressurizing means, to obtain a sterilizing effect efficiently. Is also good.

This microwave heater 5 is also connected to a vacuum pump 10 via a condenser 8 like the heat transfer dryer 4, and is depressurized to a predetermined degree of vacuum by the pump 10. To condense the water vapor generated in the process.

In this embodiment, the condenser 8 employs a structure in which steam from the heat transfer dryer 5 and steam from the microwave heater are condensed in the same chamber. Because the degree of vacuum in the room between the heater 5 and the dryer 4 is changed due to the difference in the heating method described above, both the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heater 5 must be open to the condenser 8. Therefore, a steam amount control valve 13 is provided in a pipe between the microwave heater 5 and the condenser 8.

Since the valve 13 always recovers heat by the heat pump unit 7 in the heat transfer dryer 4, it is necessary to always open the steam path between the heat transfer dryer 4 and the condenser 8. Since the amount of water vapor from the microwave heater 5 is small and there is no problem even when the microwave heater 5 is closed, and since the degree of vacuum of the microwave heater 5 is close to the atmospheric pressure, it takes a short time to open and adjust the degree of vacuum. Already, and therefore are often substantially closed.

The simple private power generator 6 generates power by burning fuel, and as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 2, a dehydrator 3, a heat pump unit 7 of a heat exchange mechanism, a cooling tower 9,
It supplies necessary power to each of the vacuum pump 10 and the microwave oscillator 14, and in this example, is composed of a diesel engine generator (hereinafter abbreviated as DEG).

An energy utilization pipe 15 is provided between the simple private generator 6 and the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heater 5.
Is provided, and the high heat heated by the waste heat generated by the simple private power generator 6 is sent to the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heater 5, respectively, so that the waste heat can be used. Generally, in a DEG, a coolant (cooling water) for cooling the engine is cooled by a radiator. When the refrigerant takes heat from the engine, the energy utilization pipe 15 sends the waste heat of the DEG to the microwave heater 5 and the heat transfer dryer 4 before reaching the radiator to warm the respective containers. It can be easily used for heating. Therefore, the energy utilization pipe 15 is configured to send hot water that has exchanged heat with the engine of the DEG 6 to the heat transfer dryer 4, branch the hot water sent to the heat transfer dryer 4, and send it to the microwave heater 5. Hot water heats the heat transfer dryer 4 and
When returning to 6, the microwave heater 5 is connected with the heated hot water and is returned to the DEG 6.

Since the sludge treatment apparatus of the embodiment has the above-described configuration, an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described below in relation to its operation. First, the simple private generator 6 is driven to generate electric power, and the electric power is supplied to each of the dehydrator 3, the heat pump unit 7, the cooling tower 9, the vacuum pump 10, and the microwave oscillator 14 of the heat exchange mechanism. I do.

Here, the sludge accumulated in the sludge tank 2 is introduced into the dehydrator 6, and when the dehydrator 6 is driven, the sludge is converted into the juice 1
A and the dewatered sludge 1B. Here, the separated squeezed liquid 1A is sent to the heat transfer dryer 4, and when each of the heat exchange mechanisms is driven, a high-temperature and high-pressure dry refrigerant is supplied to the heat transfer dryer 4, whereby heat transfer drying is performed. Juice 1 in machine 4
A evaporates and dries, and the steam generated at that time is evacuated by the vacuum pump 10 and condensed by passing through the condenser 8. Since the condensed water from the condenser 8 almost satisfies the environmental standards, it can be drained as it is after simple post-treatment.

In this case, the drying process of the heat transfer dryer 4 proceeds to some extent, and the process of the heat transfer dryer 4 ends when the internal juice 1A becomes concentrated sludge.

On the other hand, when the dewatered sludge from the dehydrator 3 is supplied to the microwave heater 5 and the microwave oscillator 14 is driven, the dewatered sludge is heated and sterilized in the microwave heater 5. Therefore, the dewatered sludge is heated and sterilized, and the drying process is completed, and the dewatered sludge can be used as compost or the like. At this time, if it is desired to further dry the sludge, the inside of the microwave heater 5 is further reduced in pressure to lower the evaporation temperature, and the microwave energy is used for evaporating water, so that the evaporation efficiency can be further improved. .

Thus, the sludge is separated into the juice 1A and the dewatered sludge 1B by the dewatering machine 3, and the separated juice 1A
Is evaporated and dried by the heat transfer dryer 4, and the separated dewatered sludge 1B is heat-sterilized. Therefore, the separated squeezed liquid 1A and dewatered sludge 1B are treated independently, so that the sludge treatment efficiency is improved. And the cost can be reduced accordingly. In addition, if the juice 1A and the dewatered sludge 1B are treated independently, a large amount of energy is not required.

As a result, there is no need to provide a separate storage tank as in the first prior art, which requires several days of aeration time, and the drying speed is influenced by weather and temperature as in the second prior art. Not only is there no danger of the odor being diffused by the ventilation, but also there is no need for a high-temperature heat source unlike the third conventional technique of supplying heat by the boiler.

When the container of the heat transfer dryer 4 and the container of the microwave heater 5 are separated from each other, the container can be selected according to each processing content, and the most suitable shape can be obtained. And heat transfer drying can be performed simultaneously in parallel, respectively, and the processing efficiency can be improved from this point as well. Further, when the separated juice is dried, the drying process of the heat transfer dryer 4 is completed when the drying process proceeds to form the concentrated sludge 1C, so that a decrease in the drying efficiency can be suppressed, and the sludge can be suppressed. Processing efficiency can be further improved.

In addition, since the juice is classified into the juice 1A and the dewatered sludge 1B as described above, the malodor of the dewatered sludge 1B can be reduced, and the juice 1A is dried by evaporation in the heat transfer dryer 4. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a bad odor from leaking to the outside, so that a problem with the bad odor can be surely avoided.

Further, since the sludge treatment apparatus operates with electric power, each component can be easily controlled. Therefore, even a person who has never used the apparatus can use the apparatus, and the usability is improved. In addition, since the simple private generator 6 is used as the power source for driving the electric power, it is possible to suppress the increase in the size of the device and reliably realize the miniaturization as in the fifth related art, and to reduce the size of the device such as a livestock farmer. Also, unlike the fourth conventional technique, construction work for laying an external power supply is not required, and the installation property is improved. In particular, it is extremely useful when the installation of the power cable is difficult, such as in a corner of a large farm.

In the illustrated embodiment, since the heat pump unit 7 is used as a processing source of the heat transfer dryer 4, the heating and cooling can be performed while efficiently circulating the drying medium, and the compression is simply performed. It is possible to obtain several times the heating amount as compared with the case where a machine is used. Moreover, in order to balance the operation of the heat pump unit 7, it is necessary to take out the circulating energy added to the drying medium by the compressor 7b to the outside of the circulating system.
Since the steam is taken out from the dryer 4 through the cooling tower 9,
The heat balance of the heat pump becomes good, and efficient heating can be performed.

Since the DEG is used as the simplified private generator 6 in the illustrated embodiment, it is possible to obtain economical fuel and inexpensive electric power for a long time. There is no need to be restricted. Moreover, as compared with the fourth conventional technique using a private power generator that generates electric power by a boiler, not only is there no need for permission but also the handling becomes simple and the installation space can be saved. In addition, by using the DEG, the waste heat generated during the operation is exchanged with the refrigerant in the energy utilization pipe 15, and the heat-exchanged refrigerant is circulated to the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heater 5, so that both are used. Since the heaters 4 and 5 are heated, the energy can be effectively used, and the generator 6 having an engine can be efficiently processed. In addition, if the heat-exchanged refrigerant is further used in sludge that has been subjected to heat treatment, the sludge can be heated and fermented as compost to promote fermentation of sludge, so that compost can be efficiently produced. It becomes possible.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, in order to be most effective when used as compost, the treatment of the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heater 5 is performed in a vacuum state, respectively, and the evaporation temperature during the treatment is reduced. This prevents the nutrients in the sludge from deteriorating. However, it goes without saying that the treatment may be performed under atmospheric pressure regardless of the vacuum.

Furthermore, the operating characteristics of the DEG 6 are such that the operating efficiency is generally improved by operating the output near the rated output. In this embodiment, FIG.
By adjusting the power for vacuum heat transfer drying and the power for microwave heating as shown in FIG.
Since the output is made equal to the rated output of G6, the operation efficiency is good and the processing cost can be reduced accordingly.

Next, various operation examples in the DEG 6 will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 5, the power for microwave heating and the power for heat transfer drying are the same as the rated output of DEG6. In this case, since microwave heating and heat transfer drying have different times, they are operated separately. This is effective when the heat transfer drying and the microwave heating must be performed in the same container due to space limitations, for example.

In FIG. 6, when the power for microwave heating and the power for heat transfer drying cannot be balanced, surplus power may be generated. Therefore, by using the power of various electric devices other than the power of microwave heating and heat transfer drying as surplus power, that is, by using the power of various electric devices after the microwave heating power as shown in the figure. , Balance with the power of heat transfer drying. At this time, since the heat transfer drying and the microwave heating are performed at the same time, separate containers are used.

Examples of the various electric devices include household electric appliances (for daily use such as air conditioners) and agricultural implements of livestock farmers such as cow milking machines. Of course. Thereby, DEG6
The operation cost can be reduced indirectly while efficient processing by the rated operation is performed.

In FIG. 7, when there is a gap between the power for heat transfer drying and the power for microwave heating, the output of the diesel engine is set between the respective powers, and the surplus power surplus during the heat transfer drying is set. The stored electric power may be used for microwave heating. In this case, it can be realized by a storage battery unit that stores surplus power and supplies power during microwave heating. This gives D
There is no need to match the rated output of the EG6 to the one with the larger power, and it is not necessary to select a large-capacity DEG6. This can be achieved by using a storage battery or the like for storing electric power.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
In this case, a container 20 for storing the dewatered sludge 1B separated by the dehydrator 3 is used, and the container 20 is moved to the microwave heater 5 by a moving device 21 such as a crane, and is heated by the heater 5. After the fertilizer is generated and processed by the processing, the processed fertilizer can be moved together with the container 20 to a place where the fertilizer is used by the carrier vehicle 22.

For this reason, when the container 20 is set in the microwave heater 5, the container 20 is formed of a member that transmits or reflects microwaves, and has a heat conductive property such that heat from the energy utilization pipe 15 is reliably transmitted. It is preferable to be composed of a good member. On the other hand, as the microwave heater 5, an upper lid 51 having an opening / closing means 52 is attached to the upper part of the main body so that the container 20 can be taken in and out, and a stirrer 53 for microwave stirring is attached to the upper lid 51. In the drawing, reference numeral 54 denotes a vacuum exhaust port.

According to this embodiment, the heat treatment is performed while the dewatered sludge 1B is placed in the container 20, and the treated dewatered sludge can be moved together with the container 20. Sludge handling can be simplified.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show still another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment described above with reference to FIG.
Although the example in which the condenser 8 condenses the steam from the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heater 5 in the same chamber has been described, in the present embodiment, the steam from the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heating The steam from the compressor 5 is separated from the condenser 8
A, 8B. That is, the one condenser 8A condenses the steam from the heat transfer dryer 4 and, before condensing the steam, heat-exchanges the drying medium in the heat exchange mechanism pipe 7a with the heat of the steam. A cooling tower 9A as a cooling source and a vacuum pump 10A for evacuating the inside of the heat transfer dryer 4 are connected. The other condenser 8B only condenses water vapor from the microwave heater 5, and is connected to a cooling tower 9B and a vacuum pump 10B.

According to this embodiment, each of the condensers 8A and 8B has a dedicated condenser 8A and 8B.
The operation can be performed in accordance with the amount of steam from each of the heat transfer dryer 4 and the microwave heater 5, and the control becomes simpler.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the inside of the condenser 8 is partitioned by a partitioning means 81 into a condenser 82 for a heat transfer dryer and a condenser 83 for a microwave heater. The outlet pipe of the condenser 82 for the heat transfer dryer and the condenser 83 for the microwave heater is connected to the steam flow control valve 12.
It is connected to one vacuum pump 10 via A and 12B.

In this embodiment, one condenser 8 fulfills two functions, and can reliably take in vapors having different degrees of vacuum. In addition, one vacuum pump 10 and one cooling tower 9 Therefore, the size of the apparatus can be reduced as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG.

In the illustrated embodiment described above, the microwave heater 5 for heating the dewatered sludge 1B by microwaves.
Although an example of using is shown, heating may be performed by far infrared rays instead. In the far-infrared method, since far-infrared rays are heated from the surface of the dewatered sludge, a means for stirring the sludge is required, but it has an effect of sterilizing bacteria similarly to microwaves, and has the same effect as the above-described embodiment. Can be fulfilled.

Although an example using DEG as the simple private generator 6 has been described, a solar power generator that converts sunlight into electric energy can be used instead. When such a solar power generator is used, it is suitable for use in outer space where the processed material needs to be recycled.

[0064]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, sludge is separated into juice and dewatered sludge by dehydration, and the separated juice is evaporated to dryness by drying, and the separated dewatered sludge is dried. The sludge is heat-treated, and therefore, each of the separated squeezed liquid and the dehydrated sludge is configured to be treated independently, so that the sludge treatment efficiency can be increased and the cost can be reduced accordingly. In addition, it does not require a large amount of energy, so there is no need to provide a separate storage tank, and the drying speed does not depend on the weather or temperature, and the odor does not diffuse. No need for energy.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, a dehydrator for separating sludge into juice and dewatered sludge, the juice separated by the dehydrator is dried by evaporation, and concentrated sludge is formed from the juice. A heat transfer dryer that completes the drying process when it is finished, a heat exchange mechanism that circulates a drying medium through the heat transfer dryer, and evaporates the squeezed liquid by heat exchange, and microwaves the dewatered sludge separated by the dehydrator. Since the apparatus is provided with the microwave heating means for heating and performing the final treatment, there is an effect that the above method can be carried out accurately.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention, since the dehydrator, the heat transfer dryer, and the simple self-generator for supplying electric power to the microwave heating means by the self-generation are provided, it is not necessary to lay the power supply. Not only that, the apparatus can be downsized, and it has an energy utilization piping system for supplying waste heat generated by the simple private generator to the heat transfer dryer and the microwave heating means, respectively. Therefore, the energy can be effectively used, and the cost can be further reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the principle of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing one embodiment of a sludge treatment apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are an explanatory perspective view showing a vacuum heat transfer dryer and an explanatory sectional view of a main body corresponding to a section taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between rated output operation of a diesel engine generator used as a simple private generator and the power of each of a heat transfer dryer and a microwave heater.

FIG. 5 is another explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the rated output operation of the diesel engine generator and the power of each of the heat transfer dryer and the microwave heater.

FIG. 6 is still another explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the rated output operation of the diesel engine generator and the power of each of the heat transfer dryer and the microwave heater.

FIG. 7 is another explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the rated output operation of the diesel engine generator and the power of each of the heat transfer dryer and the microwave heater.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a main part showing another example of the condenser.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a main part showing still another example of the condenser.

[Description of Signs] 1 ... sludge, 1A ... juice, 1B, dewatered sludge, 1C ... concentrated sludge, 2 ... sludge tank, 3 ... dehydrator, 4 ... vacuum heat transfer dryer, 5 ... vacuum micro Wave heater, 14: Microwave oscillator, 6: Simple private power generator (DEG), 7: Heat exchange mechanism.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhisa Kaneko 216 Totsuka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside the Space Technology Development Headquarters, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Akihiro Yamashita Totsuka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa No. 216 Hitachi, Ltd. Space Technology Development Promotion Division

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A dehydration treatment for separating sludge into a juice and a dewatered sludge, a drying treatment for drying the juice separated by the dehydration by evaporation, and heating the dewatered sludge separated by the dehydration treatment. A sludge characterized by having a heat treatment for performing a final treatment and a repetitive treatment for terminating the drying treatment when concentrated sludge is formed from the squeezed liquid and dehydrating the concentrated sludge together with sludge that has not yet been separated. Processing method. 2. A dehydrator for separating sludge into juice and dewatered sludge, drying the juice separated by the dehydrator by evaporation, and performing a drying treatment when concentrated sludge is formed from the juice. A heat transfer dryer to be finished, a heat exchange mechanism for circulating a drying medium through the heat transfer dryer and evaporating the juice by heat exchange, and microwave heating the dewatered sludge separated by the dehydrator to perform final treatment. And a microwave heating means for performing the treatment. 3. A dehydrator for separating sludge into a juice and a dewatered sludge, drying the juice separated by the dehydrator by evaporation, and performing a drying treatment when concentrated sludge is formed from the juice. A heat transfer dryer to be finished, a heat exchange mechanism for circulating a drying medium through the heat transfer dryer and evaporating the juice by heat exchange, and microwave heating the dewatered sludge separated by the dehydrator to perform final treatment. A sludge treatment apparatus comprising: a microwave heating means for performing the treatment; and a dehydrator, a heat exchange mechanism, and a simple private power generator for supplying power to the microwave heating means by private power generation. 4. A dehydrator for separating sludge into a juice and a dewatered sludge, drying the juice separated by the dehydrator by evaporation, and performing a drying process when concentrated sludge is formed from the juice. A heat transfer dryer to be finished, a heat exchange mechanism for circulating a drying medium through the heat transfer dryer and evaporating the juice by heat exchange, and microwave heating the dewatered sludge separated by the dehydrator to perform final treatment. Microwave heating means to be performed, a dehydrator, a heat exchange mechanism, a simple self-generator for supplying power to the microwave heating means by self-generation, and a simple self-generator, a heat transfer dryer, and a microwave heating means. A sludge treatment apparatus characterized by having an energy utilization piping system which is piped and supplies waste heat generated by a simple private generator to a heat transfer dryer and a microwave heating means, respectively.