JPH11505688A - High capacity communication satellite - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] To be a fully switched connection communication system that is fully bi-directional and has high bandwidth and high channel capacity, a high-capacity communication satellite uses a large number of parallel beam and optical processing technologies. Use The satellite is reusing the allocated bandwidth in each of the multiple beams. The beam is formed by RF or optical means. The specific users in each beam are then optically separated using spatial light modulator (SLM) array correlation techniques. A single large SLM or a combination of multiple smaller SLMs is used. Individual users are then repositioned in the array by optical SLM mixing and re-correlation. It is then remodulated by another SLM array used as a mixer and recombined to reshape the appropriate output beam. This results in a completely switched connection, high bandwidth, high capacity communication network on a single satellite.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION High capacity communication satellite Background of the Invention Technical field   The present invention relates to communication satellites, and in particular to high bandwidth, low bandwidth within a single satellite. Large channel capacity, fully automatic, fully interchangeable, fully bi-directional Communication network. The system of the present invention is a high-capacity communication satellite That is, HCCS. Description of related technology   Satellites have been used for communication for many years. One of the satellites in general Typical uses include direct broadcast satellites with one or two beams (dire ct broadcas satellite), such as C and Ku band communication satellites. Includes scattered transmissions. These satellites have a geosynchronous orbit (that is, their orbital velocities) And altitude appear to fly over a specific location on the surface of the earth). It broadcasts a series of simultaneous "programs" in one direction to a number of individual ground stations. Po There are no inter-point or two-way (two-way) satellites. However, this kind of Stars have a fairly wide bandwidth (typically 100-500 MHz).   Other uses for communication satellites include so-called point-to-point gateways Type applications, where the receiving beam is a large transmitting dish ( (For example, Europe) and the corresponding transmit beam is (Eg, Intersat). This system is also static Bandwidth and wide bandwidth (100-500 NHz) but limited number of beams (In such a system, for example, eight beams would be a large number). Similarly, The territories covered by these systems are limited, switching connections are limited, Only very few communication channels can be processed.   Some newer designs (Iridium, Ellipsat, Cal Ring Communications) is a fully bi-directional network. Many (66-840) passing messages between each other to create network A) low-orbit satellites. These are very complex and expensive systems. Low bandwidth (less than 10 KHz) and small capacity (total system) 50-200 channels in the system).   A typical, using a standard video exchange connection that can be included in the satellite Satellite communication systems have a bandwidth (eg, 50-500 channels at 50-500 MHz). And only the switching connection network is limited). Only 100 switching channels can be processed. Working nationwide with A typical telephone system handles only voice, but lower bandwidth (10KH) z or less), and about 1 million customers are simultaneously switched and connected. Ground phone The system costs 10,000-20,000 for over $ 100 billion. Includes switching connection facilities.   Has a large number of channels and wide bandwidth, and is fully switched and bidirectional It is desired to provide a satellite system. For example, 08/13 of co-application 3,879, the optical-based spatial light modulator (SLM) technology, It is also known that this technology can be used for transmission through air, It has been known by the present inventor to apply SLM technology to provide high capacity satellite communications. As far as is unknown. Summary of the Invention   It is an object of the present invention to create a communication satellite without the above disadvantages.   A special object of the present invention is the use of multiple antenna beams and novel optical processing and replacement. To provide a system combining a system using SLM technology for connection It is in.   Numerous parallel beams (100 to 4,000), and customers within each beam ( 100 to 1,000 customers / beam) and appropriate output for each customer Based on spatial light modulator (SLM) to shift to beam and output frequency By utilizing optical processing, the present invention provides one million simultaneous 1 MHz (total) Video) signal, and can be switched simultaneously to provide fully bi-directional video A video network has been realized.   The bandwidth achieved by the present invention is one of the bandwidths of expensive low earth orbit systems. 00x and processing 20x customers simultaneously within a single satellite. This is in contrast to the 66 to 840 satellites currently required. As a result, the system of the present invention Stems have very low relative costs. SLM and beam forming equipment is very A single, inexpensive integrated circuit that is less than half the size of current satellite designs. Weight can be reduced.   The HCCS system uses 100-4,000 simultaneous beams. The design of the baseline is 1,000). If the beam is encoded correctly, Since it is possible to reuse the entire spectrum in the beam, 50 per beam 0 customers can be processed, and a total of about 1 million Can be used.   The remaining question is how to make a switched connection of 500,000 output channels It is. As mentioned above, the telephone system provides the same number of narrower bandwidth audio channels. It requires 10,000-20,000 facilities to switch and connect channels. Furthermore, HCCS systems have the same number of wider bandwidth (1 MHz) video channels. Must be switched within a small satellite.   Recent advances in SLMs using quantum well technology have resulted in near zero Until reflection (dynamic range exceeds 40 dB) at 1 GHz speed 1024x1024 pixel array that can be driven is there. Arrays of this size can fully implement the invention and are preferred An embodiment, but the current practical problem is that a smaller SLM is needed And at a cost. Performance achieved by larger SLMS Multiple (2, 4, 8, or 16 or more) to provide performance comparable to The use of smaller SLMs depends on the invention. It is within the range shown.   According to a preferred embodiment of the switched connection technique of the present invention, 500 chips per beam The channel is first coded by frequency allocation or wideband coding. Then 1024 x 1024 SLM array (single SLM or composite smaller SLM LM) baseband the incoming frequency from the assigned frequency And these frequencies are detected and bandpassed. Or a wideband code When decoded, the decoded signal is multiplied by the input and 50 per beam. Integrate to separate 0 channels. If separated and detected, Match name per output beam to navigate to the beam or retransmit information It is re-modulated by another set of SLMs to produce a wide bandwidth. overall The system consists of roughly seven to ten 1024 x 1024 SLM arrays, several An emitter array and some linear (1024 × 102) with appropriate optics 4) An array is provided.   To handle larger volumes of local calls, a portion of each beam is located in that same region. Another optical element for turning back can be added.   To categorize some channels into more than 100 voice channels Or to combine multiple channels for the transmission of high definition television (HDTV) It is within the scope of the present invention to add specific circuits as needed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES   BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the drawings, The relevant details will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter.   FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of the present invention used as a single communications satellite system. 1 is an overall view of a state.   2A to 2C show a multiple beam antenna design according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a more detailed diagram of a set of techniques for producing.   FIG. 3 shows a structure for executing optical processing in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG.   FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are diagrams for retransmitting a portion of each beam back to the same area. It is a figure explaining a mechanism.   FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment using digital encoding instead of frequency encoding. FIG.   FIG. 6 shows the configuration of an "arbitrary" crossbar switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment   FIG. 1 shows a large-capacity communication satellite system according to the present invention. N beams 2 with M simultaneous customers per hit are shown. These M The customer is a small part of all customers in the beam. However, the customer , Only about 1% use a two-way communication system at a time, The user has a small antenna, a transceiver, and a video camera and TV player. , Each representing a potential customer or terminal of 100 × M.   M concurrent users (M is 100 to 4,000, typically 500) In a simple configuration, a 1 MHz band (or digital With low level near lossless video compression to compress each signal doing. These 500 signals, each with a bandwidth of 1 MHz, are It is frequency-coded or digital-coded to distinguish it. These signals are Produced by a multi-beam antenna receiving system on a geostationary satellite (not shown) , N parallel receive beams (typically N = 1000) 3 You.   On the satellite, 1000 beams 3 (each containing 500 concurrent users ) Is 1 × N S illuminated by a laser to form M optical channels 6 It is transmitted to the multiple beamformer 5 along N channels using LM. Each light The learning channel 6 then passes through an individual channel resolver 7 with an N × M SLM array. It is diffused in one dimension using a diverging cylindrical lens to illuminate a. This N XM SLM array downconverts desired individual channels to video Driven by an appropriate sine wave signal on the backplane. Proper inspection After exiting and filtering, each channel of each beam is efficiently combined and The signal is separated on one pixel of the N × M detector array and the N × M optical Create channel 8.   A valid crossbar switch 9 is then applied to any desired output position. Applied to switch the individual channels of In its simplest embodiment The signal at its source to ensure that it has been detected once. To transmit to the desired receiving position within the desired column Be done. This is the "intelligence" in the satellite part and changes in the operation of the satellite No changes are required.   In somewhat more complex configurations, the selected (or all) beam Terrestrial transceiver receives the signal and reroutes it to the desired point A "double hop" function is added. This allows you to alternate routing if needed It can be performed.   In a more general embodiment, the selected pixels are at any frequency (such as Or code), and the down-conversion and detection It is repeated in that plane. To allow perfect random crossbar join Then, the signal on any pixel is moved to any other pixel.   Each signal, once decoded and detected, produces an N × M optical signal path 10 Used to modulate other NxM SLMs. These are then The backplane has an appropriate sinusoid to fill the bandwidth of the retransmitted beam. Individual channel modulators, including other N × M SLMs including wavy or code modulation 11 is supplied. The signal output on the N × M optical channel 12 is then 1 × N detector channels and cylindrical optical elements, and N optical channels 14 It is supplied to the beam combiner 13 that produces the beam. Next, the N receive beams are coaxially In order to generate N retransmitted beams 17 in reverse, a number of beamformers 1 are used. 5 is used. Each of these beams (typically 1000) has a complete Video, including 500 channels for simultaneous communication of 1 million customers .   The K direct channel 18 is subdivided to generate from multiple beamformers. It is. This is a direct return if the frequency is frequency coded This is most easily performed by a simple filter 19 such as a filter. Filtered Channels allow for multiple local video connections within each local beam To be added along the K direct channel 20 to a number of beamformers. You.   2A to 2C show another method of generating a "multiple antenna beams". It is a thing. FIG. 2A shows generally a multi-beam antenna fed by a Kurgorio (Greo gorian fed multiple beam antenna), a standard multiple feed curve reflector (Multiple feed curved reflector). This Ann In Tena, a series of actual RF supplies 21 cover a large area (like the United States) Positioned at the focal plane of the curved reflector 22 to produce a series of beams 23 Have been. FIG. 2B focuses one of the parallel rays at a point on the far end of the sphere. RF Luneberg lens using a dielectric sphere with a variable dielectric constant to adjust It is shown. If the supply of M is positioned on the appropriate point 25, M beams 23 covering the desired area are generated.   The above two techniques are more known to those skilled in the art. And need not be described in further detail. However, these technologies are not When adopted in the star system, it becomes unwieldy. Luneberg optical lens FIG. 2C shows a more capacity-efficient design 2 showing the approach. this In the case, M incoming beams 26 are elements suitable for producing M beams. Are sampled and spaced by a number of RF multiplex element arrays 27, and each element is It is connected to the N × M SLM 29 in the form of pixels and array elements. SLM2 9, the output of array 27 is converted from RF to downcon converter 28. Downconverted to baseband. The laser 30 is a SLM The element 31 and the half mirror 32 are illuminated, and the output beam is M beams. Focus on appropriate M detectors using variable dielectric spheres 33 to pull Are combined. M supplies 34 (such as diode lasers) Array to generate the system. Naturally, the embodiment of FIG. It is one bit smaller than the embodiment of FIG. 2A or B.   FIG. 3 shows the output (N optical channels) 6 of the incoming beamformer 5 Of internal processing through the input (N optical channels) of the beamformer 15 It is. Referring to FIG. 3, the signals from the incoming beamformer 5 are M Multi-frequency or digitally encoded simultaneous signals (typically M = 500) N signals on the isolated signal path 100 (typically 1000 paths) It is constituted by a tena beam signal. These signal paths are 1 × N SLM arrays It is connected to 101. This array includes a parallel lens 104 and a half mirror 1 03 and is illuminated by the laser 105, the output of the laser 105 is then The columnar lens 102 focuses on the line array 101. Lens 1 02 also covers each coupling via to cover the complete row of the other SLM array 106. Diffuse the reflected signal. This array hardware connects each column together and Modulation is performed by the same signal in each channel resolver 107. Last column is frequency Until modulated by Mf1, for example, the first column is modulated by frequency f1, The second column is modulated by frequency 2f1, and the third column is modulated by frequency 3f1. You. Thus, a beam containing all frequencies from f1 to Mf1 is then The reflectance of each pixel modulated by f1 to Mf1 according to the position in the column is Multiplied. (The above process is actually in-phase to cover both dimensions ( I) and in quadrant (Q). ) In this way, the frequency is efficient The desired channel is shifted or down-converted to video. Is The array of signals is then returned by the half mirror 103 and the parallel lens 1 08 focuses on the detector / accumulator array 109. This procedure And the desired signal is low-pass filtered for each pixel. It is.   The detector / accumulator array 109 is a parallel lens on a pixel-by-pixel basis. 112 and other S illuminated by laser 113 through half mirror 111 Connected to LM array 110. At this point, each individual channel is complete Fully detected and the signal is on one of the N × M pixels of the SLM array 110. Is located. This image is then individually used to “fill” the output beam. Is reflected by the SLM array 114 which "remodulates" the signal. At this point, the incoming N beams cross each row where beam 1 is row 1 and beam 2 is row 2 Spread. The columns represent the individual customers inside the beam, ie column 1 is the customer 1 and column 2 represent customer 2. In the present embodiment, the SLM array 106 The modulators SLM115 for the individual channels, which are identical but rotated 90 °, Obtain this demodulated array and send the signal to customer 1 and beam 1 Frequency f1 for customer 2 and frequency 2f1 for beam 2 Adjust. As with the SLM array 106, the procedure is in-phase (I) steps and This is performed in the quadrant (Q) step. Next, each signal is detected by the half mirror 111. After being reflected by a single pixel, a single pixel Compressed. Each of the beams is compressed in this way, and the beam is 1 × N Are output to the N antenna supply units 118 through the detector array 117. this is Possible because demodulation has the effect of modulating each "customer 1" at a different frequency And the receiving customer can distinguish between those calls.   Thus, each customer J from all N beams is demodulated and in frequency Separated and optically combined to produce a new output beam J.   For 1000 concurrent customers per beam, and 1000 beams, In the embodiment described above, one customer can use each beam as the other beam. Calling customers at each is allowed. The power of the system is clear Despite being quite large (10,000 simultaneous video circuits), typical communication It does not fit very well into the application. This typically means that many calls Local and non-local, in dense areas (eg New York City, Eagle Tonton D. C. ).   One technique to mitigate the problem of call density is to use repeaters in multiple locations. May be placed in the area. These repeaters move beam K between the original point and the desired destination. Used as a stopover between This technology works with beam K Significantly improve system flexibility while using some of the capacity of Region K Can be.   FIGS. 4A and 4B dedicate frequencies f1 to fk as "local" calls. To increase the number of available in-region (ie, intra-beam) calls. It shows two mechanisms. This is on a per beam basis, see FIG. 4A. Direct filtering, which is a technique described in FIG. The technique described, they spatially filter all f1 to fk signals. It is performed by performing filter processing after processing. FIG. 4A shows an electronic solution ( Signal Filter Bypass) and performs a partial bandwidth bypass For this purpose, an optical modification of the N × M array is included. In FIG. 4A, the incoming Signal 200 is divided by a divider 201 into two signals. One of the signals is The above processing is continued on the 1 × N SLM array 101. Other cha The channel is filtered in bandpass filter 202 and a 1 × N detector array is used. B. It is directly coupled with the output signal coming from b. These signals are added to adder 203 To drive the output beam 204 corresponding to the same input beam. An additional signal is provided, which is used for   FIG. 4B shows an optical solution to the same problem. Half mirror 11 The signal coming in through is vertical to map what is in area b from within area a. 45 ° facing full mirror reflecting mirror 206 and other 45 ° mirrors It is partially blocked by 205. In addition, the region b is rotated 90 ° with respect to the region a. Has been turned over. After appropriate modulation, the output beam is transmitted at the frequency transmitted in the same beam. It contains the same frequencies f1 to fk as the numbers f1 to fk.   FIG. 5 shows the SLM 106 for down-conversion and the SLM 115 for demodulation. 14 shows another embodiment replaced by digital code multiplication. This figure The standard names used in the two countries are different codes for communication in two directions. Is used. As shown, the frequency f1 has the sign K + 1, the frequency f2 is replaced by the sign K + 2, and Are similarly replaced in the conversion process, and the frequency f1 is 3 and the frequency f2 is replaced by code 2 and also in the demodulation process. And are similarly replaced. The reflected signal is then integrated to decode the desired signal Is done. With this technology, compared to conventional code division multiplexed access (CDMA) , More channels can be included within a given bandwidth.   In the simplest embodiment, the intra-beam is used to increase the available local calls. With two separate repeaters and partial bandwidth bypass technology It is difficult to handle many calls between teams. The use of repeater technology is Use one channel per minute call. Therefore, for example, Beam10 (b 10 calls between San Jose (San Jose) and Beam 342 (Washington, DC) The unit uses 19 channels. Its embodiment is shown in FIG. A crossbar switch can easily handle this problem.   The arbitrary crossbar switch configuration in FIG. 6 includes all the configurations in FIG. XM SLM array 110 and additional detector / accumulator 109 and SLM Optical elements are added between the arrays 110. First detector / accumulator 1 09 and the SLM array 110 identify incoming customers by column and each Each of the teams is identified. The optical output from the SLM 110 is the half mirror 3 01, and is converted by the half mirror 300 and N × by the lens 302. Focused on M arbitrary modulator SLM array 303 (arbitrary modulator # 1). This array 303 has a frequency in the N × M array for any of the frequencies f1-Mf1. A composite N × M array that can modulate any pixel. Arbitrary variable By providing the Tone # 1, each pixel has a different arbitrary Kf for each pixel. It can be multiplied by one.   The reflected arbitrary modulated signal from the array 303 is then applied to the first cylindrical lens. Lens 304 focuses on the line, and the second cylindrical lens 304 Through the half mirror 305, and down-copy each pixel to its f1-Mf1 position. And spread to other SLM arrays 306 to be inverted. Output by array 306 The image is then passed through half mirror 307 by half mirror 305, A second Nx multiplying the pixel by a different arbitrary value Lf1 for each pixel The M arbitrary modulators are reflected by the SLM array 308 (arbitrary modulator # 2). SLM The output of ray 308 is reflected by half mirror 307 and The first and second cylindrical lenses 309, 309 are passed through in the same manner as the output is processed. Spend. In this way, each pixel is represented on the SLM array 311 by its f1 to f1 Downconverted to N position.   The first SLM array 306 moves signals in plane # 1 efficiently and the second SLM M array 311 efficiently moves signals in plane # 2 orthogonal to plane # 1. Faith The signal is then rediscovered (as done by detector / accumulator 109). Used to modulate other SLM arrays (such as SLM array 110) And is combined with the original signal from SLM array 110. So either Any signal from one beam, like any other signal from another beam Can be moved to a very high degree of flexibility.   As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea. Is self-evident. Therefore, the present invention is limited only by the appended claims. It is.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI H04J 14/04 14/06 (81) Designated country EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), OA (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AP (KE , MW, SD, SZ, UG), AM, AT, AU, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, GB, GE, HU, IS , JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LK, LR, LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, E, SG, SI, SK, TJ, TM, TT, UA, UG, UZ, VN

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Optically exchange signals in a two-way communication system using only one satellite. In the method for exchange connection,   Receiving a first set of N beams;   Forming a first set of N optical channels from each one of said N beams. ,   The first set of N lights in one dimension to illuminate a first N × M array Spreading each of the channels;   A signal present at one location of the first N × M array is converted to a second set of N optical channels. Exchange connection to any location on the panel,   Forming a second set of N beams from the second set of N optical channels; Steps, and   Transmitting the second set of N beams, wherein the second set of N beams is transmitted. G's beam serves M customers simultaneously, a step-by-step method . 2. The optical channel forming means includes a first 1 × M spatial light modulator. The system of claim 1. 3. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said diffusing means includes a diffusing cylindrical lens. On-board system. 4. The exchange connection means,   Channel decomposition means for receiving an output from said spreading means in an N × M channel ,   For receiving and decoding the output from the channel decomposition means and separating the N × M channels Crossbar switch, and   Receiving the output from the crossbar switch and receiving the non-spreading means and the beam shape For re-encoding the N × M channel for subsequent compression and transformation by The system of claim 1, including channel modulation means. 5. The channel disassembly means,   A first N × M spatial light modulator array for receiving the output from the spreading means;   For irradiating the first N × M spatial light modulator array with a first laser beam; First laser beam source means, and   A first half mirror illuminated by the first laser beam; The system according to claim 4. 6. The crossbar switch,   Receives the output of the channel decomposition means and provides N × M output in the separated channel. N × M detector / accumulator to supply, and   N × M output of the N × M detector / accumulator through one of the N × M elements N × M spatial light modulator array having N × M elements for receiving any of 5. The system according to claim 4, comprising: a. 7. The channel modulation means,   A third N × M spatial light modulator array for receiving an output from the crossbar switch ,   For irradiating the third N × M spatial light modulator array with a second laser beam. Second laser beam source means, and   And a second half mirror illuminated by the second laser beam. 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: 8. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said non-diffusion means includes a diffusion cylindrical lens. On-board system. 9. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said beam forming means includes a second 1 × N spatial light modulator. The system described in the section. 10. At least one terrestrial-based transmitter, said at least one terrestrial-based transmitter; The top-based transmitter transmits the M carriers served by each of the N beams. A means for frequency encoding the signal of the star, the other of the M customers Before the signal associated with the other one of the M customers and the particular one of the M customers And the spreading means separates the signal from the M customer. Providing an N × M frequency-encoded signal spread along a separate optical path. The system of claim 1 wherein: 11. The crossbar switch,   Receiving and decoding the N × M frequency-encoded signal from the spreading means, N × M decoded according to the decoding frequency supplied in the spatial light modulator array of A first N × M spatial light modulator array for providing a modulated signal; and   The N × M decoded signal is received, and the N × M decoded signal is converted into N × M individual signals. And a first N × M detector array for separating into a plurality of channels. The system of claim 0. 12. The crossbar switch further comprises:   Receiving the N × M decoded signals in the N × M individual channels and The N × M decoded t sub-signals in any other of the M individual channels are A second N × M spatial light modulator for transmitting; and   According to the encoding frequency provided in the third spatial light modulator array, A second N × M space for frequency modulation and re-encoding the N × M decoded signal. The system of claim 11, comprising an inter-light modulator array. 13. At least one terrestrial-based transmitter, said at least one terrestrial-based transmitter; The top-based transmitter transmits the M carriers served by each of the N beams. Digitally encode the star's signal and associate it with the others of the M customer One of the signals associated with a particular one of the M customers from another of the signals 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system identifies one. 14． Receiving an M × N digitally encoded signal from the spreading means and decoding M according to the decoding information supplied to the first spatial light modulator array A first N × M spatial light modulator array that provides × N decoded signals; and   Receiving the N × M decoded signal and converting the N × M decoded signal to an N × M Claims: Includes a first NxM detector array for separating into individual channels. 14. The system of claim 13. 15. The crossbar switch further comprises:   Receiving the N × M decoded signals in the N × M individual channels; The N × M decoded signals within any other of the × M individual channels A second N × M spatial light modulator array for transmitting   According to the digitally encoded information supplied in the third spatial light modulator array. A third N × M space for modulating and re-encoding the N × M decoded signal. 15. The system of claim 14, comprising an inter-light modulator array. 16. The system of claim 1, wherein N is about 1000. 17． The system of claim 1, wherein M is about 500. 18. The exchange connection means,   An N × M signal from the spreading means is received and decoded, and the first spatial light modulator A N × M decoded signal is supplied according to the decoding information supplied to the ray. One N × M spatial light modulator array,   The N × M decoded signal is received and the N × M decoded signal is received in a first cell. A first N × M detector array for decoding into N × M individual channels of   Receiving the N × M decoded signals in the N × M individual channels; The N × M decoding in any other of a set of N × M individual channels. A second N × M spatial light modulator array for transmitting the encoded signal;   For modulating said N × M decoded signals as N × M individual pixels. A third N × M spatial light modulator array,   A fourth N × M for moving the N × M individual pixels along a first plane Spatial light modulator array,   The N × M individual pixels are further modulated to provide a further modified N × M pixel. A fifth N × M spatial light modulator array for providing cells,   A second modified N × M pixel is orthogonal to the first plane. A sixth space moving along the plane to provide N × M moved and modified pixels Light modulator array,   The N × M moved and modified from the sixth N × M spatial light modulator array Receive pixels and replace the N × M moved and modified pixels with another set of N × M pixels A second N × M detector array for separation within M individual channels;   Receiving said another set of N × M individual channels and receiving said another set of N × M individual channels; Each individual channel may be any other of the other set of N × M individual channels. A seventh N × M spatial light modulator array for transmitting along   According to the encoding information provided in the eighth spatial light modulator array, The another set of N × M pieces received from the seventh N × M spatial light modulator array. Eighth N × M for modulating and re-encoding the decoded signal in each channel The system of claim 10, comprising a spatial light modulator array. 19. A predetermined encoding scheme from a first source to a first destination The signal transmitted along the specific channel thus selected is transmitted to the specific channel. At least one intermediate destination / source pair if the file is occupied 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising means for re-routing via Tem. 20. The first N × M spatial light modulator array comprises a single N × M spatial light modulator. The system of claim 5, wherein 21. The first N × M spatial light modulator array comprises a plurality of spatial light modulators; The system according to claim 5. 22. The second N × M spatial light modulator array comprises a single N × M spatial light modulator. 7. The system according to claim 6, comprising: 23. The second N × M spatial light modulator array comprises a plurality of spatial light modulators; The system according to claim 6. 24. The third N × M spatial light modulator array comprises a single N × M spatial light modulator. A system according to claim 7, comprising: 25. The third N × M spatial light modulator array comprises a plurality of spatial light modulators; The system according to claim 7. 26. The first through third N × M spatial light modulator arrays each comprise a single N × M 13. The system according to claim 12, comprising a spatial light modulator. 27. The first to third N × M spatial light modulator arrays each include a plurality of spatial light 13. The system according to claim 12, comprising a modulator. 28. The first to third N × M spatial light modulator arrays each comprise a single spatial light The system according to claim 15, comprising a modulator. 29. The first to third N × M spatial light modulator arrays each include a plurality of spatial light The system according to claim 15, comprising a modulator. 30. The first to eighth N × M spatial light modulator arrays each have a single spatial light. 20. The system of claim 18, comprising a modulator. 31. The first to eighth N × M spatial light modulator arrays each include a plurality of spatial light 20. The system of claim 18, comprising a modulator.