JPH1150357A - Knitted fabric having windbreak property - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a knitted fabric for reducing air permeability without damaging a handle and an appearance quality, useful for sport clothing, etc., comprising a middle layer composed of a specific composite yarn, of knitted fabric, having a fixed cover factor, by mainly hot pressing the middle layer. SOLUTION: This knitted fabric comprises three or more layers and the middle layer of the knitted fabric is composed of a composite yarn made by combining two or more kinds of fiber yarns, has 7,000-40,000 cover factor and is mainly hot pressed. Preferably a fiber yarn having a lower softening point as one yarn constituting the composite yarn is either a POY yarn of a polyester multifilament or a modified cross-section yarn.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a windproof knitted fabric for general clothing and sports clothing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a knitted fabric has a very high air permeability as compared with a woven fabric or the like, and when used as an autumn / winter product, it has a drawback that the wind easily passes and it is cold. In order to solve this drawback, several methods for reducing the air permeability of the knitted fabric have been conventionally proposed. For example, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-50891 discloses a method of coating a resin on the back surface of a knitted fabric or laminating a film. In this method, the effect of reducing the air permeability is great, but the texture becomes coarse and hard, and the inherent elasticity of the knitted fabric also decreases.

[0003] There is a method of laminating a high-density woven fabric on the back surface of a knitted fabric, but in this method, the fabric has a bulky knitted fabric and the inherent elasticity is also reduced. Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 3-18191 discloses a method in which a high shrinkage yarn is used in combination with a constituent yarn of a knitted fabric to shrink by heat treatment to reduce the size, but this method has a large bulk and a texture. And the natural elasticity of the knitted fabric also decreases.

[0004] Although there is a method disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 62-11981 using a high crimped yarn as a constituent yarn of a knitted fabric, the knitted fabric has a large bulk and a small effect of reducing air permeability. There is also a method of knitting the density of the knitted fabric densely, but there is a problem that a knitting machine is limited, a high density knitting machine is not easily obtained, and the effect of reducing the ventilation is small.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a knitted fabric having a sufficient windproof performance without significantly changing the feel, appearance quality and knitted fabric characteristics of the knitted fabric. The purpose is to:

[0006]

The present invention relates to a knitted fabric having three or more layers, wherein an intermediate layer of the knitted fabric is composed of a composite yarn in which two or more fiber yarns having a difference in softening point are composited. And a cover factor of 7000 to 40,000, and a windproof knitted fabric characterized in that the intermediate layer is mainly hot-pressed. That is, the present invention relates to a knitted fabric composed of three or more layers, wherein the intermediate layer existing between the front and back layers of the knitted fabric is composed of a composite yarn having a softening point difference, and has a specific range of cover factor.

The composite yarn referred to in the present invention comprises a low softening point fiber yarn and a high softening point fiber yarn. The knitted fabric knitted as described above is hot-pressed to reduce the softening point of the composite yarn. At least a part of the fiber yarn component is thermally deformed to fill or close the stitches of the intermediate layer, so that a windproof knitted fabric having substantially reduced air permeability can be obtained. On the other hand, since the high softening point fiber yarns and other layers are hardly affected by heat, they act so as to hardly impair the soft feel and appearance and feel of the knitted fabric even after hot pressing.

[0008] The windproof knitted fabric of the present invention has an air permeability (according to JIS L1096 Frazier method) of 70 cc.
/ Cm ² / sec or less, preferably 50 cc / cm ² /
sec or less. The air permeability of the knitted fabric is 70cc / c
If it exceeds m ² / sec, a cold wind enters into the clothes when worn in the presence of a wind (particularly in a strong cold wind), making it difficult to withstand the cold.

The knitted fabric referred to in the present invention may have any form as long as the intermediate layer is composed of a composite yarn having a difference in softening point and a cover factor in a specific range. The surface layer, the middle layer and / or the back layer of the knitted fabric are jersey knitting, milling knitting,
Interlock knitting, links knitting, mesh knitting, pile knitting, tack knitting or weft knitting by these applied organizations, etc.
It can be a knitted fabric such as a circular knit or a warp knit. For example, using a double circular knitting machine, a double jersey having a tuck knitting structure with a composite yarn specified by the present invention for a surface layer, a backing layer and a middle layer with a twill knitting, and a ground yarn using a sinker pile knitting using a composite yarn. There is a double-sided pile knitted fabric in which the surface layer and the back layer are made into a pile layer, and the intermediate layer is made into a double-layered knitted fabric.

Here, the layer of the knitted fabric referred to in the present invention includes not only a layer having a knitting structure (a ground structure, a pile structure, an inlay structure, etc.) but also a physical processing after knitting (for example, raising, The layer is defined as a layer including the nap and the pile portion formed by shrinkage processing or the like. The fiber yarn other than the composite yarn used in the knitted fabric of the present invention can be arbitrarily selected from fiber yarns commonly used for clothing fibers. The type of fiber can be appropriately selected from the viewpoints of application and imparting functionality (water absorption, gloss, antistatic, heat retention, strength, etc.). In selecting these fiber yarns, the use of fiber yarns having a softening point equal to or lower than that of the low softening point fiber yarns constituting the composite yarn requires the knitted fabric to be entirely hot-pressed in the knitted fabric hot pressing step described below. It is preferable to avoid this because it will make the texture harder.

[0011] The knitted fabric intermediate layer of the composite yarn in the knitted fabric of the present invention has a cover factor of 7000 to 40,000, preferably 10,000 to 30,000. Here, the cover factor (K) is a value calculated by the following equation. K = W * C * √D Here, W represents the well density of the knitted fabric (books / inch), C represents the course density of the knitted fabric (books / inch), and D represents the thickness of the yarn (denier). However, when the knitted fabric has a staggered or striped pattern and a different material is mixed therein, the waist density W ₁ of the knitted fabric per inch in the pattern portion of the different material is W ₁ ,
W ₂ . . . W _n , the course densities C ₁ , C ₂ ,. . C _n , and thread thickness, D ₂ . . . It is calculated by the following equation using the value of D _n. K ₁ = W ₁ * C ₁ * √D ₁ K ₂ = W ₂ * C ₂ * √D ₂ . . . . . . . . . _{K n = W n * C n} * √D n K = K 1 + K 2 +. . . . If the _Kn cover factor is less than 7000, the target air permeability cannot be obtained because the stitch is too coarse. If the cover factor exceeds 40000, fluff may be generated or knitting may not be performed due to too high density.

In the knitted fabric of the present invention, the composite yarn constitutes at least 20% or more, preferably 30% or more and 100% or less with respect to the cover factor of the intermediate layer. If it is less than 20%, the rate of filling the stitches by hot pressing is low, and the predetermined reduction in ventilation cannot be achieved. The composite yarn constituting the intermediate layer of the knitted fabric of the present invention comprises a low softening point fiber yarn and a high softening point fiber yarn. Here, the softening point referred to in the present invention is a temperature (Tm, ° C) at the time of the occurrence of the maximum thermal stress obtained from the relationship between the temperature and the stress by a thermal stress tester as a softening parameter (measurement condition: initial load 1). / 30g / d, heating rate 150 ℃
/ Min).

The softening point difference between the constituent fibers of the constituent fiber yarn is at least 30 ° C. or more, preferably 5 ° C. or more.
Must be above 0 ° C. This composite yarn is 3 if at least two kinds of yarns satisfy a softening point difference of 30 ° C. or more.
It may be composed of more than one kind of fiber. When the softening point difference is less than 30 ° C., the texture of the knitted fabric tends to be hard due to the influence of heat applied to the constituent fibers by a hot press for reducing the air permeability of the knitted fabric.

The softening point of the low softening point fiber yarn constituting the composite yarn is 80 to 180 ° C, preferably 100 to 160 ° C. If the softening point is lower than 80 ° C., it cannot withstand the heat received during the manufacturing process. If the softening point exceeds 180 ° C., the heat at the time of hot pressing tends to cause yellowing or a decrease in the strength of the fibers constituting the knitted fabric. In the present invention, thermoplastic fibers as a low softening point fiber yarn, especially polyamide,
Undrawn yarn, semi-drawn yarn or copolymerized yarn of polyester,
Low polymerized yarns, graft polymerized yarns, different polymer blended yarns and the like are preferable in view of processing characteristics and physical properties. More preferably, a polyester multifilament POY is used. P
Because OY has a high orientation and a low crystal structure, it easily undergoes thermal deformation at low temperatures, densifying the structure of the intermediate layer and easily filling gaps in the stitches. Excellent in quality and other aspects. Furthermore, this P
When the OY and the high softening point fiber yarns are aligned and preliminarily processed to form a composite yarn having a core-sheath structure, the feeling of swelling due to the POY is developed, and the effect of filling the stitches by hot pressing is increased. Furthermore, the POY is subjected to relaxation heat treatment to impart spontaneous elongation, and by performing the preliminary twisting similarly, the yarn length of the POY increases, the swelling feeling increases, and the gaps in the stitches can be easily filled.

This POY is a yarn spun at a winding speed of 2000 m / min or more, preferably 2500 to 4000 m / min, and has a birefringence (Δn) of 0.02 to 0.
08, preferably from 0.03 to 0.05. △ n
However, since POY outside this range does not become spontaneously elongated yarn,
The feeling of swelling is reduced, and the filling of gaps in the stitches by hot pressing is reduced. The crystallinity of POY is preferably 30% or less. If it is larger than 30%, the heat deformability is inferior.

Further, the low softening point fiber yarn preferably has an irregular cross section. Elliptical,
Polygons such as triangles and squares, C shapes, Y shapes, H shapes, I shapes, L
Various deformed shapes such as a shape, a W shape, and a deformation type to which those shapes are applied can be used, and a yarn having a flat cross section such as a W shape or a flat shape is more preferable. This is advantageous in that the flat cross-section yarns are arranged in the surface direction, and the yarn voids and the stitches are further closed to reduce air permeability. The short / major axis ratio of this flat section is 0.15 or more, preferably 0.20 to 0.8.
Set to 0. If it is less than 0.15, spinning is difficult or yarn properties deteriorate.

On the other hand, examples of the high softening point fiber yarn include fibers having no softening point, such as cotton and wool. Silk, regenerated cellulose fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, synthetic fibers and the like can be appropriately selected and used from all fiber yarns used in clothing. Suitably, it is a thermoplastic synthetic fiber multifilament yarn, preferably a polyester multifilament yarn. For example, a normal polyester multifilament yarn having a single yarn denier of 0.5 to 6 denier, a POY of a polyester multifilament having a birefringence different from that of the POY described above, a cold drawn yarn thereof, and an undrawn portion in the yarn axis direction. So-called thick and thin yarn, solid or hollow conjugate yarn of side-by-side type, eccentric type, etc., spin take-up method spun at a winding speed of 6000 m / min or more, preferably 7000 m / min or more, or 4000 m / min, preferably A so-called high-speed spun polyester yarn obtained by a spin draw take-up method in which spinning-drawing-winding is performed in a series of steps at a winding speed of 5000 m / min or more, and a cold drawn yarn having a boiling water shrinkage of 6 to
There is a high shrinkage yarn of about 30% or a so-called different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn composed of such a high shrinkage yarn and a low shrinkage yarn, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Among them, the use of high shrinkage yarn is more preferable.
This is effective in increasing the density of the knitted fabric by the heat treatment received during the processing step, and providing a swelling to the low softening point yarn serving as the sheath, thereby easily filling the stitches, and is effective in reducing the ventilation. Examples of the high shrinkage yarn include isophthalic acid, sulfoisophthalic acid, diethylene glycol, 2.2-bis@4- (2
-Hydroxyethoxy) phenyl @ propane
Polyester in which the components are copolymerized in an amount of 2 to 12 mol%, cationic dyeable polyester in which dimethyl (5-sodium sulfo) isophthalic acid is copolymerized in an amount of 1 to 4%, or polybutylene terephthalate and ordinary polyethylene terephthalate (such as gloss of titanium oxide) Composite spinning (eg, conjugate yarn of side-by-side type, eccentric type, etc.) or spinning of polyester or the like obtained by copolymerizing other components having no cationic dyeing seat, including so-called semi-dull and full-dull yarns containing an eraser. There is a mixed fiber.

The fineness (thickness of the yarn) of the composite yarn in the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the application, but generally the thickness of about 50 to 500 denier used for knitted fabric for clothing is used. Selected. The fineness ratio of the low softening point fiber yarn / high softening point fiber yarn constituting the composite yarn is 0.5 to 5.0.
0, preferably 1.0 to 3.0. 0.5 fineness ratio
If it is less than 50, the number of low softening point yarns is too small, so that the heat press effect is small and low air permeability cannot be achieved. On the other hand, if the fineness ratio exceeds 5.0, the number of low softening point yarns is too large and the hot press effect becomes large,
There is a tendency that the texture of the knitted fabric is hardened.

The composite yarn can be prepared by using techniques such as twisting, covering, air blending, false twisting, composite spinning, and spinning blending. The form of the composite yarn has a structure in which low softening point fibers are arranged around a high softening point fiber yarn, that is, a core-sheath structure in which a high softening point fiber yarn is arranged in a core portion and a low softening point fiber yarn is arranged in a sheath portion. Composites are preferred. With the core-sheath structure, the fiber yarn with a low softening point in the sheath portion is easily heated by the hot press. That is, it is easy to cause thermal deformation and has an effect of efficiently filling the stitches. On the other hand, the high softening point fiber yarn of the core is
Since it is difficult to receive heat, there is an effect that hardening of the entire composite yarn and damage of the yarn hardly occur. As a composite yarn with a core fiber of a high softening point fiber yarn and a sheath fiber of a low softening point fiber yarn,
A high-shrinkage composite yarn in which a high-shrinkage yarn is disposed on the core side and a low-shrinkage yarn is disposed on the sheath side, or a hetero-shrinkage composite yarn in which the above combination is reversed in terms of shrinkage, and a low-feed fiber yarn is mounted on the core Techniques such as a composite yarn in which a feed fiber yarn is arranged in a sheath and a composite yarn in which a low elongation yarn is arranged in a core and a high elongation yarn is arranged in a sheath can be used for preparing a composite yarn.

The fiber yarns constituting the composite yarn are heat-storing agents such as titanium nitride, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, hafnium, tantalum, antimony-containing tin oxide, indium-containing tin oxide, and carbon in the spinning stage depending on the application and use form. , Zirconia, alumina, silica, titanium oxide,
UV shielding agents such as barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, boron nitride, strontium aluminate, and zinc sulfide; coloring agents such as pigments; heat-resistant agents such as copper oxide; other antistatic agents; phosphorescent agents; antibacterial agents; It may be a fiber having an additional function to which a substance or a fine powder is added.

The windproof knitted fabric of the present invention can be obtained by applying a hot press to the above-mentioned three- or more-layer knitted fabric. By this hot pressing, the low softening point fiber yarns of the composite yarn constituting the intermediate layer of the knitted fabric are thermally deformed, flattened and densified, thereby closing the inter-filament voids and stitches of the knitted fabric intermediate layer and knitting. It increases the degree of fiber filling of the middle layer of the ground and reduces the air permeability. The flattening of the fiber yarn mainly means that the yarn itself is flattened, but a part of the single fiber in the yarn constituting hole may be flattened due to thermal deformation. Since hot pressing effectively acts on the low softening point fiber yarns constituting the composite yarn, the components of the high softening point fiber yarn of the composite yarn and the surface and back layers of the knitted fabric are not significantly affected by heat, and the knitted fabric is not affected. Can maintain a texture in the initial stage (before hot pressing), can hardly reduce the strength, and can obtain a knitted fabric having a windproof property without significantly impairing the appearance of the original knitted fabric.

In the production of the windproof knitted fabric of the present invention, one of the hot presses to be applied is heating, and the other is to press the knitted fabric between a low-temperature roll, belt, flat plate or the like. From the viewpoint of properties, it is preferable to use a general calendering machine including a metal heating roll on one side and a hard low-temperature paper roll on metal or resin, or a medium soft low-temperature roll on rubber or felt.

The temperature condition of the hot press is such that the temperature of the heating side surface (T ₁ ° C) is Tm + 80> T ₁ > Tm-10, preferably Tm + 60> T ₁ > Tm (Tm is the low softening point of the composite yarn) Represents the temperature of the softening parameter of the fiber yarn). In T ₁ is Tm + 80 ° C. or more, the texture of the processed too low softening point fiber yarns softened becomes Hobokata. When T ₁ is Tm−10 ° C. or lower, the low-softening point fiber yarn is insufficiently softened, does not undergo thermal deformation, and cannot be flattened or densified. In addition, the temperature (T ₂ ° C) of the low-temperature side surface is set to T ₁ -30> T _2, preferably T ₁ -50> T ₂ . When T ₂ is T ₁ -30 ° C. or higher, the entire knitted fabric is affected by high-temperature heat, and the texture becomes coarse and hard. The pressure applied to the knitted fabric to be processed is a linear pressure of 10 to 150 kgf / cm, preferably 30 to 1 kgf / cm.
00 kgf / cm. When the linear pressure is 10 kgf / cm or less, the flatness and densification of the low softening point fiber yarn are insufficient, so that the air permeability cannot be reduced. If the linear pressure is 150 kgf / cm or more, the entire knitted fabric is crushed, the texture becomes coarse and hard, and the appearance is impaired. The processing speed is 3 to 30 m / min, preferably 5 to 2
0 m / min. When the processing speed is 3 m / min or less, the productivity is inferior, and when the processing speed is 30 m / min or more, unevenness in hot press occurs to impair the performance.

This hot press processing step is usually performed after dyeing (including printing and shrinking) the knitted fabric or after physical processing of the knitted fabric such as a raising process. ). Further, in order to improve the hot pressability, the hot press may be performed while preheating the knitted fabric immediately before the hot press.

The knitted fabric having a windproof property of the present invention can be used as a water-absorbing agent, a water-repellent agent, a heat storage agent, an ultraviolet shielding or absorbing agent, an antistatic agent, an antibacterial agent, a deodorant, an insect repellent, and a phosphorescent light depending on the application and the use form. Various processes for imparting functions such as an agent and a retroreflective agent may be applied.

[0027]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below in comparison with comparative examples. The evaluation of the texture and appearance of the processed knitted fabric in the examples (comparative examples) is performed by touch feeling and visual observation, and is expressed using the following criteria. (1) Evaluation criteria for texture ○ Almost the same as knitted fabric △ slightly harder than knitted fabric × hardened (2) Evaluation criteria for change in appearance ○ hardly changed △ slightly changed × changed [Example 1 -3, Comparative Examples 1-2] As a high softening point fiber yarn, normal polyester drawn yarn 50d / 24f (softening parameter 185 ° C) and a low softening point fiber yarn of 35
Polyester POY spun at a winding speed of 00 m / min
Using a 75d / 48f round cross section (Δn = 0.043, softening parameter: 95 ° C.), a composite yarn was obtained by performing interlacing and simultaneous simultaneous processing (1 heater at 165 ° C.). Next, using a sinker pile knitting machine 18, 22, or 28 gauge, the composite yarn is knitted into the ground structure using the composite yarn as ground yarn, and the ordinary polyester drawn yarn 50d / 24f (softening parameter: 185 ° C) is used as the pile yarn. A pile knitted fabric having a single-sided pile structure was created. After scouring and dyeing the knitted fabric, a double-faced brushed fabric having a cut and raised surface (hair length: about 8 mm long) on both sides by a raising machine was heat-set finished to prepare a knitted fabric having a cover factor shown in Table 1. Next, one side is a metal heat roll of 160 ° C., and the other is 60 ° C.
Linear pressure 50kg / c using resin paper roll
m, a single-sided thermal calendering was performed at a processing speed of 10 m / min. Table 1 shows the test results. The knitted fabric according to the example of the present invention has good evaluation of the texture and change in appearance, and has a large effect of reducing air permeability.

[0028]

[Table 1]

[Comparative Examples 3 to 4] In Example 1, a normal polyester drawn yarn 75d / 48f (softening parameter: 187 ° C) was used as the low softening point fiber yarn constituting the composite yarn, and a sinker pile knitting machine, 22 gauge The knitting, the dyeing, and the raising were carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except for using. Thermal calendering is 160 on one side,
Example 1 except that a metal heat roll at 200 ° C. was used.
The same conditions were used. Table 2 shows the test results. The knitted fabric of Comparative Example 3 had a small ventilation reduction effect, and the knitted fabric of Comparative Example 4 had a large texture and a large change in appearance. [Example 4] In Example 1, a polyester POY 75d / 30fW type cross section spun at a winding speed of 3300 m / min on a low softening point fiber yarn constituting a composite yarn, and the short / major diameter ratio of the cross section was 0.35 (Δn = 0.047, softening parameter 98 ° C), and knitting, dyeing and raising were carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a sinker pile knitting machine 22 gauge was used. The heat calendering was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a metal heat roll having a surface of 160 ° C. was used. Table 2 shows the test results. The knitted fabric of the present invention had good texture and change in appearance, and had a large effect of reducing air permeability.

[0030]

[Table 2]

Example 5 In Example 4, ηsp / c = 2.2 mol% of dimethyl (5-sodium sulfo) isophthalate was contained in the high softening point fiber yarn constituting the composite yarn.
0.57, ηsp / c = 0.70 not containing polyester and copolymer containing 0.2% titanium oxide, titanium oxide 0.1%.
The usual polyesters containing 2% were separately melted, compounded into side-by-side with a mixing ratio of 1: 1 and spun and wound.
Next, the knitting, dyeing, raising, and heat were conducted under the same conditions and conditions as in Example 4 except that the polyester conjugate yarn having a circular cross section of 50d / 12f (softening parameter: 164 ° C) was used. Calendar processing was performed. Table 2 shows the test results. The knitted fabric of the present invention has a texture,
Both appearance changes were good and the effect of reducing air permeability was large.

[0032]

The windproof knitted fabric of the present invention retains the stretch characteristics of the knitted fabric with almost no impairment of the feel and appearance despite being prepared by applying a hot pressing process. And the air permeability is reduced. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The windproof knitted fabric of the present invention is extremely excellent in windproofness and wearing comfort as an autumn / winter material for general clothing use and sports clothing use.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A knitted fabric having three or more layers, wherein an intermediate layer of the knitted fabric is composed of a composite yarn in which two or more types of fiber yarns having a difference in softening point are composited, and a cover factor of 7000 to 7000.
A knitted fabric having a wind resistance of 40000, wherein the intermediate layer is mainly pressed by heat. 2. The windproof knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein one of the low softening point fiber yarns constituting the composite yarn is made of a polyester multifilament POY fiber. 3. The windproof knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein one of the low softening point fiber yarns constituting the composite yarn is made of a modified cross-section yarn.