JPH1147734A - Water purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out the antibacterial treatment, deodorzation, removal of trihalomethanes, and dechlorination of city water by a composite ceramic material. SOLUTION: In a water purifier, a composite ceramic material 4 obtained by mixing a mixing material consisting of 20-30 wt.% of amphibole, 15-25 wt.% of silica, and 5-15 wt.% of cristobalite into a main material consisting of 20-30 wt.% of serpentinite and 15-25 wt.% of magnesia is set in the cartridge 5 of a water purifier main body 1. Otherwise, a composite ceramic material 4 obtained by mixing a mixing material consisting of 5-15 wt.% of amphibole, 25-35 wt.% of quartz diorite, and 20-30 wt.% of granite porphyry into a main material consisting of 5-15 wt.% of serpentinite and 20-30 wt.% of magnesia may be set in the cartridge 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purifier using composite ceramics, and more particularly to a water purifier capable of achieving antibacterial, deodorizing, removing trihalomethanes and dechlorinating tap water by using composite ceramics. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is no water purifier using composite ceramics for the purpose of antibacterial action, deodorization, trihalomethanes removal and dechlorination of tap water, and it has not been put to practical use.

[0003] In general, drinking water must be visually clean, delicious to drink, and of course hygienic and safe. Therefore, tap water contains no coliforms, cyanide,
Contains no toxic substances such as mercury and organophosphorus.
Strict water quality standards, such as less than 00 / ml, are set. And in order to meet the water quality standards,
Tap water is used to remove most of suspended substances and microorganisms in water by the action of chemicals.
m), a rapid filtration method of sand filtration is used. In the conventional rapid filtration method, turbidity, chromaticity, bacteria, and the like are removed, but other components cannot be removed unless the type and amount of chemicals are increased.

[0004]

Since tap water using the rapid filtration method contains a large amount of chemicals, especially chlorine, the tap water has a chlorine odor and also contains a trace amount of trihalomethanes. Although water purifiers are widely used to remove them, there is also a problem that chlorine odor and trihalomethanes cannot be sufficiently removed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.
An object of the present invention is to provide a water purifier capable of deodorizing, removing trihalomethanes, and dechlorinating, and also containing mineral substances to make tap water delicious.

[0006]

The present invention provides a serpentine stone 20 to
30% by weight and 15 to 25% by weight of magnesia as main components, 20 to 30% by weight of amphibole, 15 to 2% of silica
Means for loading a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 5% by weight and 5 to 15% by weight of cristobalite into the main material as a mixed material into a cartridge, serpentine 5 to 1
5% by weight and 20 to 30% by weight of magnesia as main materials, 5 to 15% by weight of amphibole, 25 to 3% of quartz diorite
Means for charging a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 5% by weight and 20 to 30% by weight of granite porphyry as a mixed material to the main material into a cartridge, serpentine 20 to 30
% By weight and 20 to 30% by weight of magnesia, 25 to 35% by weight of amphibole, 5 to 15% of quartz diorite
Means for loading a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing the above-mentioned main material as a mixed material with 5 to 15% by weight of silica and 5 to 15% by weight of silica into a cartridge, 20 to 30% by weight of serpentine
And 25 to 35% by weight of magnesia as a main material, and 5 to 15% by weight of quartz diorite, 20 to 30% by weight of granite porphyry and 5 to 15% by weight of cristobalite as a mixed material. Means for loading the composite ceramics obtained in the above into a cartridge, serpentine stones 20 to 30
% By weight and 25 to 35% by weight of magnesia, 20 to 30% by weight of amphibole, 5 to 15% of quartz diorite
The above-mentioned problem has been solved by adopting any one of means for charging a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing a mixed material of 5% by weight and 5 to 15% by weight of silica to the main material as a mixed material into a cartridge.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Among single component ceramics,
Magnesia has an extremely high far-infrared emissivity and an antibacterial rate close to 100% against Escherichia coli and staphylococci, but the deodorization rate for ammonia and hydrogen sulfide is not so high, and the serpentine also has an extremely high far-infrared radiation. It has an antibacterial rate close to 100% against staphylococci, but has only a moderate antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli, and has a 100% deodorizing rate against hydrogen sulfide. Has a moderate deodorization rate, silica has an extremely high far-infrared emissivity, 100% against hydrogen sulfide, and an extremely high deodorization rate against ammonia. And the antibacterial rate against staphylococci is known to be negligible.

From the above viewpoint, the present inventor individually measured far-infrared emissivity, antibacterial rate and deodorization rate of a single-component ceramic, and obtained a ceramic excellent in any one of the above-mentioned measurement items; It is thought that if a composite ceramic is obtained by mixing other ceramics, a composite ceramic having far-infrared radiation properties, antibacterial properties and deodorizing properties can be obtained due to the synergistic effect of each ceramic. The composite ceramics to be used was obtained.

The far-infrared ray emissivity, antibacterial rate, deodorizing rate and hydrogen ion concentration of a single component ceramic as a material of the composite ceramic used in the present invention were measured, and the measured values shown in Table 1 were obtained. .

[0010]

[Table 1]

From the measurement results in Table 1, the far-infrared emissivity of each ceramic is extremely high in the range of 93 to 97%.
The hydrogen ion concentration was 8.1 to 9.8, and it was found that all of them belonged to the alkaline region. Amphibole has an antibacterial rate of 82% against staphylococci, but has only a moderate antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli, and 50% and 65% against ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, respectively. Has only a moderate deodorization rate, serpentine has an antibacterial rate of 98% against staphylococci, but only a moderate antibacterial rate of 65% against Escherichia coli, and against hydrogen sulfide It has a deodorization rate of 100%, but only a moderate deodorization rate of 50% for ammonia.

Quartzite has a moderate antibacterial activity of 75% and 67% against Escherichia coli and staphylococci,
65% and 67% respectively for ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
Has a moderate deodorization rate, granite porphyry has a moderate antibacterial rate of 65% and 70% against E. coli and staphylococci, and 60% and 70% against ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. % Deodorization rate. In addition, silica is 15% against E. coli and 35% against staphylococci.
But has a high deodorization rate of 100% against hydrogen sulfide, 94% against ammonia, and magnesia is 99.000 against E. coli and staphylococci.
At 9% and 98%, the antibacterial rate is almost 100%, but the deodorization rate against ammonia and hydrogen sulfide is 25% and 4%.
It was found that cristobalite had low antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and staphylococci at 45% and 35%, while deodorization rates against ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were high at 95%.

According to the above measurement results, serpentine and magnesia, which are excellent in far-infrared emissivity, antibacterial rate and deodorization rate, were each used as a main material, and the other three types of ceramics were mixed with these two main materials, respectively. By adding and mixing as a material, a composite ceramic having far-infrared radiation characteristics, antibacterial properties and deodorizing properties, and also excellent in elution of mineral substances into an aqueous solution was obtained.

That is, based on 20 to 30% by weight of serpentine as the main material and 15 to 25% by weight of magnesia, 20 to 30% by weight of amphibole and 15 to 25% by weight of silica as a mixed material.
And 5 to 15% by weight of cristobalite and mixed ceramics, or 5 to 15% by weight of serpentine and 20 to 30% by weight of magnesia, which are main materials, are mixed with amphibolite 5 to 5% by weight. A composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 15% by weight, 25 to 35% by weight of quartz diorite and 20 to 30% by weight of granite, or 20 to 30% by weight of serpentine as a main material, and 20 of magnesia
For 30 to 30% by weight, amphibole 25 to 35 as a mixed material
% By weight, 5 to 15% by weight of quartz diorite and 5 to 1% of silica
5 to 15% by weight of quartz diorite as a mixed material with respect to the composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 5% by weight, and 20 to 30% by weight of serpentine and 25 to 35% by weight of magnesia as main materials, A composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 20 to 30% by weight of granite porphyry and 5 to 15% by weight of cristobalite, respectively, and further a serpentine 2 as a main material
0 to 30% by weight and 25 to 35% by weight of magnesia are mixed and added with 20 to 30% by weight of amphibole, 5 to 15% by weight of quartz diorite and 5 to 15% by weight of silica, respectively. When the far-infrared emissivity, antibacterial rate, and deodorization rate of the obtained composite ceramics were measured, good measurement results were obtained.

[0015] Then, with respect to the composite ceramics mixed at the most preferable mixing ratio of each ceramic shown in Table 2,
When the above measurement items were measured, measured values as shown in Table 3 were obtained. Further, when the amount of the mineral substance eluted into the aqueous solution by each of the composite ceramics in a state of being immersed in static water at normal temperature (15 ° C.) and normal pressure was measured, the measured values as shown in Table 4 were obtained. The composite ceramics obtained at the most preferable mixing ratios in Table 2 were also applied to Tables 3 and 4 as Composite Ceramics A to E, respectively.

[0016]

[Table 2]

[0017]

[Table 3]

[0018]

[Table 4]

From the measurement results in Table 3 above, all of the composite ceramics A to E have a far-infrared emissivity of 92.5 to 9
The antibacterial rate against E. coli is 96-98%, and the antibacterial rate against staphylococcus is 97-9.
8%, which is extremely high, and the deodorization rate against ammonia is 9
3 to 95%, deodorizing rate for hydrogen sulfide is 94.5 to 97
%, Each of which was extremely high.

As shown in Table 3, the hydrogen ion concentration of the composite ceramics obtained by compounding each ceramic having the hydrogen ion concentration shown in Table 1 exhibits a very stable alkaline property at pH 8.3 to 8.7. There is no change with time of the hydrogen ion concentration. Further, these composite ceramics have a function of generating electric field energy (cations) between grains (between different ceramics) between the ceramics by far-infrared radiation possessed by the ceramics of a single component constituting the composite ceramics. It becomes a composite ceramic having.

Further, from Table 3 above, each of the composite ceramics is a composite ceramic having a function of generating electric field energy (cation) by far infrared radiation.
It becomes hydrogen ions in the alkaline region and is stable with no aging over a long period of one year or more. As a result, each of the composite ceramics has far-infrared radiation characteristics,
It was found to have both antibacterial properties and deodorizing properties.

Further, from the measurement results in Table 4, it was found that mineral substances such as potassium, calcium, sodium and magnesium eluted into the aqueous solution at an extremely early time of 10 to 20 seconds for each composite ceramic at normal temperature and normal pressure. Although only typical minerals are shown in Table 4, other minerals are naturally eluted.

The antibacterial mechanism of the composite ceramics is that the surface layer (wall) of general living bacteria such as Escherichia coli and staphylococci is an anion, and therefore has a neutral region (pH 7.0 to 7.0).
Although it is impossible to inhabit it only in the case of 5), the composite ceramic used in the present invention generates cations by far-infrared radiation as the greatest characteristic. At the same time as being destroyed by the cations of the ceramics, the bacterial proteins are denatured and become dyspnea and die.

The deodorizing mechanism of the composite ceramics against ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and the like is not a general effect such as physical adsorption or chemical adsorption, but is not saturated because of a decomposition effect based on far-infrared radiation. As with, it has deodorizing power semi-permanently and has no toxicity.

Next, the composite ceramics used in the present invention is used by being charged into a cartridge of a water purifier. The present invention is applicable to any water purifier as long as the cartridge can be replaced. Can be.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail using a water purifier of the type attached to the tip of a water tap as shown in FIG. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a water purifier main body, which is fixed to the tip of a faucet 3 via a fixing adapter 2 and in which a composite ceramics 4 manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method is loaded into a cartridge 5 and a cartridge storage section 6
The cartridge 5 can be taken out and replaced by removing the cover 7 of the cartridge housing 6. In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a clean water / raw water switching lever.
By switching the switching lever 8, it is possible to switch between purified water and tap water. In the water purifier shown in the figure, tap water flows along the outer peripheral edge of the cartridge 5 as shown by the arrow, flows into the cartridge 5 from the right end side of the cartridge 5, comes into contact with the composite ceramics 4, and contacts the composite ceramics 4 at the left end. The water is purified while flowing to the outlet side and flows down from the outlet 9.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the details of the cartridge 5. The cartridge 5 is formed in a tubular shape, and a side plate having a large number of small holes 10 of about 1 to 1.5 mm formed at its left and right ends. The cartridges 11 and 12 are fixed, and the cartridge 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably formed by charging the composite ceramics 4 having a particle size of about 5 to 10 mm.

In the cartridge 5, the composite ceramics 4 has an air gap 1 between itself and the inner wall of the cartridge 5.
The space 13 is not particularly limited, but preferably, the composite ceramics 4 is loaded so as to be about 85% of the volume of the cartridge 5, whereby the cartridge It is recommended to form the gap 13 of about 15% of the volume of No. 5.

When the switching lever 8 is switched to the water purification side and the tap water is passed through the cartridge 5 by forming the gap 13, a large number of particles of the composite ceramics 4 are disturbed in the cartridge 5, and The water soaked and each particle of the composite ceramics 4 flow and contact without interruption, and the contact area with tap water can be increased.

When it is not necessary to carry out antibacterial action, deodorization and removal of trihalomethanes, the switching lever 8 can be switched to the raw water side to be used as ordinary tap water.

The antibacterial and deodorizing effects of the composite ceramics 4
If trihalomethane removal and dechlorination functions are lost, remove the cover 7 and remove the old cartridge 5.
It can be replaced with a cartridge 5 in which a new composite ceramics 4 is loaded.

Next, the composite ceramics having a particle size of about 5 to 10 mm shown in Table 2 were charged into the cartridge 5 and tested by passing water through the test. Table 5 shows the results. The measured values in Table 5 are average values obtained by individually loading the composite ceramics A to E shown in Table 2 and testing. Table 6 shows reference values of tap water for comparison. The test conditions were as follows: the volume of the cartridge 5 was 4 cm ³ , the charged amount of the composite ceramics was 25 g, the height of the gap 13 was 0.5 cm, and the flow rate was 1.
Water was passed at 5 m / sec.

[0033]

[Table 5]

[0034]

[Table 6]

According to the measurement results in Table 5, the use of the composite ceramics reduced the amount of general bacteria and residual chlorine, which were slightly present in tap water, to zero, and showed antibacterial and dechlorinating effects. The trihalomethanes were not detected at all, and the effect of removing the trihalomethanes was recognized. In addition, the odor of chlorine mixed in the tap water disappeared, and the deodorizing effect was recognized. On the contrary, mineral substances such as calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium which were not detected at all in tap water were eluted into tap water. Although only typical examples of the minerals are shown, other minerals were naturally eluted. Although the elution amount of the mineral substance according to Table 5 is larger than the elution amount of Table 4, each particle of the composite ceramics is disturbed and the contact area with tap water is increased. Naturally, the elution amount of the mineral substance is larger than in the case. Then, almost no change in the hydrogen ion concentration was recognized.

Therefore, it has antibacterial properties against general bacteria, is free of trihalomethanes, and is deodorized chlorine odor, so that it can be used more safely than tap water.

Further, since a considerable amount of mineral substances such as calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium were eluted in the tap water passed through the composite ceramics, the tap water became delicious water to drink, and tea, coffee, etc. And it is most suitable for cooking water.

Further, the hydrogen ion concentration of tap water passed through the composite ceramics is adjusted to pH 6.
At pH 6.9 compared to 8, there is almost no change in the neutral region.

[0039]

Since the present invention is as described above, the antibacterial action, deodorization, trihalomethane removal and dechlorination of tap water can be achieved by the action of the composite ceramics loaded in the cartridge, which is extremely safe. Tap water can be provided. Further, minerals not contained in ordinary tap water are eluted from the composite ceramics loaded in the cartridge, so that the drinking water becomes delicious water, which is most suitable as tea, coffee and cooking water.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a water purifier of the present invention in a cutaway manner.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing details of the cartridge.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 water purifier body, 2 fixed adapter, 3 faucet, 4 composite ceramics, 5 cartridge,
6 cartridge storage section, 7 cover, 8 switching lever, 9 outlet, 10 small hole, 11, 12 side plate, 13 gap.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) The main material is 20 to 30% by weight of serpentine and 15 to 25% by weight of magnesia.
A water purifier, wherein a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 0% by weight, 15 to 25% by weight of silica, and 5 to 15% by weight of cristobalite with the main material as a mixed material is charged in a cartridge. 2. Serpentine 5 to 15% by weight and magnesia 2
0 to 30% by weight as a main material, 5 to 15% by weight of amphibole, 25 to 35% by weight of quartz diorite and 20 of granite porphyry
A water purifier, wherein a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing about 30% by weight as a mixed material with the main material is loaded in a cartridge. 3. Main composition comprising 20 to 30% by weight of serpentine and 20 to 30% by weight of magnesia;
5% by weight, 5-15% by weight quartz diorite and 5% silica
A water purifier, wherein a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 15% by weight of the mixed material with the main material is charged into a cartridge. 4. A composition mainly comprising 20 to 30% by weight of serpentine and 25 to 35% by weight of magnesia, and
A composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 15% by weight, 20 to 30% by weight of granite and 5 to 15% by weight of cristobalite as a mixed material into the main material, and charging the resulting mixture into a cartridge; vessel. 5. Serpentine 20 to 30% by weight and magnesia 25 to 35% by weight as main materials and amphibolites 20 to 3
0% by weight, 5-15% by weight quartz diorite and 5% silica
A water purifier, wherein a composite ceramic obtained by adding and mixing 15% by weight of the mixed material with the main material is charged into a cartridge.