JPH1143780A - Production of composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To apply a method of melting by heat with electromagnetic induced current in placing a nonferrous metallic member on the surface of a substrate and joining this nonferrous metallic member to the surface of the substrate. SOLUTION: The surface of a substrate is mounted with a nonferrous alloy member having the m.p. lower than that of the substrate, in the substrate, heat is generated by electromagnetic induced current, and by the heat generation in the substrate, the nonferrous alloy member is heated to melt and is deposited on the base material. A high frequency induction heating coil is arranged at a position and distance effective for the heating of the substrate such as steel or the like, electromagnetic induced current is efficiently generated on the substrate, which is heated, and by utiliging the heat to be generated in the base material, the nonferrous alloy member mounted on the substrate is efficiently heated to melt. Since the heat to be generated in the substrate is utilized, this method can be applied to nonferrous alloys with any shapes and dimensions, and since the heating and cooling rates are high, a composite material having a nonferrous alloy lining layer excellent in performance can be obtd. relatively at a low cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the production of a composite material having a non-ferrous alloy lining layer on a steel sheet base material, such as a chock liner of a rolling mill.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of manufacturing such a composite material, a method of joining a lining material to a base material by arc welding, plasma welding, or the like, or a method of continuously casting a molten lining material on the base material or casting the lining material. Melt joining method,
A joining method by hot rolling and a solid-phase joining method such as diffusion joining in a special atmosphere are known. There is also a method in which a powdery or granular material having a predetermined composition is placed on a base material as a lining material, and this is heated and sintered to be joined to the base material.

[0003] As the heating means, electric furnace heating in a protective atmosphere and electromagnetic induction current heating are applied.
In the case of heating with an electric furnace, the application takes a long time, whereas in the case of electromagnetic induction current, the time for heating can be shortened, so that it is considered to be the most efficient.

However, in the production of a composite material using this electromagnetic induction heating, the degree of induction of the electromagnetic induction current differs depending on the magnetic permeability and specific resistance of the lining material itself that is heated and melted, and the steel lining material and the base material When a non-ferrous alloy such as a copper alloy or a tin alloy coexists as a material, the base material preferentially induces an electromagnetically induced current to rapidly generate heat, but the lining material, which is a non-ferrous alloy, is heated and melted by itself. Therefore, there is a problem that bonding with the base material is difficult.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to place a non-ferrous metal member on a base material and to apply the electromagnetic induction current in joining the non-ferrous metal member to the base material. Is to find a way to make it possible.

[0006]

According to a method of manufacturing a composite material of the present invention, a non-ferrous alloy member having a lower melting point than a base material is placed on the base material, and the base material is heated by electromagnetic induction current. Is characterized in that the non-ferrous alloy member is heated and melted by the heat generated and welded onto the base material.

By heating and cooling by electromagnetic induction,
Compared with atmospheric heating using a normal electric furnace, it is possible to extremely increase the heating rate and cooling rate,
Increasing the heating rate and the cooling rate not only can increase the production efficiency during construction, but also have an advantage in terms of the material of the non-ferrous alloy to be heated and melted. In other words, the non-ferrous metal component having a high melting point and a high melting point during heating and melting has a large loss in a normal heating method, but the time required for heating and cooling is short in the case of heating and melting by electromagnetic induction, so the loss of these components is small. , The yield can be set high, and composition control becomes easy. Furthermore, because of the high cooling rate,
Even in the case where a component which is easily segregated is contained, segregation is small because the time required for solidification is short, and the structure tends to be finer than in the case of ordinary heat dissolution.

[0008] The rapid heating of the base material by the electromagnetic induction current makes it possible to perform rapid heating and melting by effectively utilizing the heat transfer from the base material to the lining material placed thereon. Enables joining.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, a heating coil for exciting an electromagnetic induction current has a shape and dimensions corresponding to the shape and dimensions of an object to be heated. Heating efficiency is strongly affected, and the smaller the distance between the two, the higher the heating efficiency. A heating coil having an appropriate shape such as a cylindrical through-type coil or a flat plate-shaped coil may be used in accordance with the shape of the composite to be heated. In addition to the distance between the heating coil and the object to be heated, the positional relationship between the heating coil and the base material is also important, especially when the non-ferrous metal member is placed on the flat base material to construct the composite.

In other words, when the lining layer is formed only on one surface of the base material, the heating coil is arranged on the non-ferrous metal member side mounted on one surface of the flat base material. If the heating coil is arranged on the material side, the distance can be set smaller, and the base material can be efficiently heated.

Further, in the case of the present invention, a heating coil is arranged at a position closer to the base material in order to heat and melt the placed non-ferrous metal member by utilizing the heat generated by the base material. The shape and dimensions of
As a result, the degree of freedom of usable raw materials is increased.

In some cases, the heating efficiency is higher when heating is performed using a plurality of heating coils. In addition to disposing the heating coil on one side of the base material side on which the non-ferrous alloy member is not mounted, Another heating coil may be arranged on one side of the side on which the metal member is mounted, or a plurality of heating coils may be arranged in an appropriate positional relationship on one side of the base material side where the non-ferrous metal member is not mounted. good.

The non-ferrous metal placed on the base material for applying the present invention may be any non-ferrous metal having a melting point lower than that of the base material depending on the type of the base material. Although a non-ferrous metal can be used, a white metal or a copper alloy is preferable as the lining material when the base material is steel.

The shape of the non-ferrous metal member mounted on the base material can be cut or cut into appropriate shapes and dimensions, and can be used alone or in combination.

It is preferable that the mounting is performed as densely as possible so that the surface of the base material is not exposed in order to form a uniform lining layer. Among these, when using only powdery and granular raw materials, they may be mixed in advance so as to have a predetermined composition and dispersed as uniformly as possible on the base material.
For the method of uniform spraying, a conventionally used method and apparatus may be appropriately used, and in a simplified manner, a certain effect can be obtained even by using a suitable double-screen sieve. It is also effective to add a motion such as vibration or rotation during spraying.

That is, since the contact area of the granular material can be larger than that of the raw material of any other shape on the surface of the base material of any shape, it is better to include the granular material in at least a part of the non-ferrous metal. In addition, the exposure of the base material can be reduced, and the contact area with the base material can be further increased, so that the heat generated by the base material can be used effectively.

In order to assist the dissolution of the non-ferrous metal placed on the base material, it is possible to add and mix components having a small effect on the composition. For example, it is a low-melting non-ferrous metal for adjusting the melting point and a flux for removing surface oxides of the base material, a coating material for preventing contamination from the atmosphere during melting, and a non-ferrous metal member and a base material. It may be added in order to improve the wettability of the bonding interface with the material.
These may be mixed with the mounting raw material in advance, or may be mounted on the mounting member or the base material by an appropriate method after mounting the non-ferrous metal member on the base material.

The base material is not particularly limited as long as it can be heated by electromagnetic induction.
Steel generally used is used, for example, carbon steel, tool steel,
Alloy steel.

[0019]

【Example】

Example 1 The present invention is applied to the manufacture of a liner composite material using two types of tin alloy-based white metals WJ2 of 9% by weight of antimony, 5% by weight of copper, and the balance of tin and inevitable impurities as a non-ferrous metal. An example will be described.

Thickness 10 mm, width 120 mm, length 120
block of a WJ2 ingot is placed on a base material in a square box-shaped container having a 20 mm high and 10 mm wide weir made of the same material over the entire periphery of mild steel SS400 serving as a base material of 6 mm.
Then, 3 g of zinc chloride powder and graphite powder having a particle size of 80 mesh were sprayed so as to cover the massive cut pieces. The container was covered with a ceramic wool lid, and a flat, high-frequency induction heating coil of 80 mm x 80 mm placed under the container was adjusted so that the upper surface of the coil was positioned at a position 15 mm from the bottom of the container, and the input was performed. Power 4kW, frequency 32
The energization was started under the condition of kHz. A thermocouple was inserted from the top of the container through a hole provided in the lid, and the temperature of the bonding interface was measured. The temperature reached 450 ° C 5 minutes after the start of energization, and it was confirmed that molten white metal had already been generated. Therefore, the energization was terminated, and the white metal was air-cooled in the vessel to solidify.

The white metal lining layer obtained in this manner has a white metal layer
No defects were observed in the vicinity of the interface between the white metal and the joint in the cut cross section formed on the 400 base metal, and it was confirmed that the joint was excellent.

When the shear strength at the joint interface was determined using an in-house test piece, a value of 4.4 kgf / mm ² was obtained, and it was determined that the joint at the interface was sound. Example 2 Approximately 600 g of WJ2 scrap flakes and linear bodies were placed on the same base material in the same rectangular box-shaped container as in Example 1, 6 g of tin powder having a particle size of 325 mesh, 3 g of zinc chloride powder and 3 g of particle size. 80 mesh graphite powder was sprayed so as to cover the flakes and the linear bodies. The vessel is covered with a mild steel lid, and a high-frequency induction heating coil installed below the vessel is placed 1 mm from the bottom of the vessel.
The distance was adjusted so that the upper surface of the coil was located at a position of 5 mm, and energization was started under the conditions of an input power of 4 kW and a frequency of 32 kHz. A thermocouple was inserted from the top of the container through a hole provided in the lid, and the temperature of the bonding interface was measured. The temperature reached 330 ° C. in 5 minutes after the start of energization, and a liquid phase was generated in part of the tin alloy. Was confirmed. Five minutes after the start of the energization, the energization was terminated, and the white metal was air-cooled in the vessel to solidify.
The white metal lining layer thus obtained has a thickness of about 5 mm formed on the SS400 base material, and has a larger amount of foreign matter floating and separated than in the case of Example 1. No large defects were observed near the layer and the joint interface, and it was confirmed that the joint was almost excellent.

Example 3 An example in which the present invention is applied to the manufacture of a liner composite material using a bronze casting BC3 equivalent as a non-ferrous metal will be described.

Thickness 10 mm, width 120 mm, length 120
In a square box-shaped container having a 20 mm high and 10 mm wide weir made of the same material over the entire circumference of mild steel (SS400) as a base material of 10 mm, a typical composition: 10% by weight tin, 2% by weight % Zinc, residual copper, and 1200 g of a copper alloy powder having a particle size of 80 to 120 mesh mixed to become inevitable impurities.
And a powdery raw material obtained by adding 6 g of graphite powder having a particle size of 80 mesh. The container is covered with a mild steel lid, and a high-frequency induction heating coil (flat type, area: 80 ×
80), the distance was adjusted such that the upper surface of the coil was located at a position 5 mm from the bottom of the container, and energization was started under the conditions of an input power of 17 kW and a frequency of 37 kHz. A thermocouple was inserted into the copper alloy powder from the top of the container through a hole provided in the lid, and the temperature of the bonding interface was measured.
The temperature reached 50 ° C., and it was confirmed that the molten copper alloy had already been generated. During the heating and melting, the heating coil was manually rocked while maintaining the distance to the container so that the entire container was heated as uniformly as possible.

9 minutes after the start of energization, the temperature of the molten metal near the interface becomes 1
The input was adjusted to be 050 ° C., and the heating and melting were completed 12 minutes after energization, and the copper alloy was air-cooled and solidified in the vessel. In the copper alloy lining layer thus obtained, a copper alloy layer having a thickness of about 10 mm was formed on the SS400 base material, and no defects were observed near the copper alloy layer and the joint interface in the cut cross section. It was confirmed that they were joined.

An analysis sample was collected from the solidified copper alloy layer and subjected to component analysis.
It was 7% by weight, and the composition was almost as set.

Further, when the shear strength at the joint interface was determined by using an in-house test piece, a value of 30.5 kgf / mm ² was obtained. Since the position where the shear fracture occurred was also within the copper alloy, the joint at the interface was sound. It was also confirmed that this was being done.

Example 4 Mild steel (SS) serving as a base material having a thickness of 10 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm
400) The same material, height 20 mm, width 1
On the bottom surface inside a cylindrical container having a structure with a 0 mm weir,
Disk (φ50) of aluminum bronze C6191 equivalent (typical composition: 10% by weight aluminum, 5% by weight iron, 1% by weight manganese, 1% by weight nickel, residual copper and unavoidable impurities)
Two pieces of about 500 g were placed, 0.3 g of borax was sprayed on the disk, and graphite powder having a particle size of 80 mesh was further sprayed so as to cover the copper alloy raw material. The vessel was covered with a mild steel lid, and the high-frequency induction heating coil installed under the vessel was adjusted so that the upper surface of the coil was positioned at a position 10 mm from the bottom of the vessel, and the input power was 11 kW and the frequency was 35 kHz. Energization was started. A thermocouple was inserted into the vicinity of the copper alloy from the top of the container through a hole provided in the lid, and the temperature of the bonding interface was measured. During the heating and melting, the heating coil was manually rocked while maintaining the distance to the container so that the entire container was heated as uniformly as possible.

It was confirmed that the temperature of the molten metal near the interface became 1120 ° C. 10 minutes after the start of energization, the energization was terminated, and the copper alloy was air-cooled and solidified in the vessel. In the copper alloy lining layer thus obtained, a copper alloy layer having a thickness of about 10 mm was formed on the SS400 base material, and no defects were observed near the copper alloy layer and the joint interface in the cut cross section. It was confirmed that they were joined.

An analysis sample was collected from the solidified copper alloy layer and subjected to component analysis. As a result, 10.0% by weight of aluminum, 4.7% by weight of iron, 1.0% by weight of manganese, and 1.1% by weight of nickel were obtained.
% By weight, and the composition was almost as set.

[0031]

【The invention's effect】

(1) The copper alloy placed on the base material can be rapidly heated and melted by the high-frequency induction heating coil, and the non-ferrous alloy lining layer can be formed with high efficiency.

(2) With a base material such as steel containing iron as a main component, raw materials can be freely selected regardless of the shape and dimensions of the copper alloy, and an inexpensive product can be obtained.

(3) Since the heating and cooling rates are increased as compared with the usual treatment using a heating furnace, it is easy to obtain a lining layer having better performance.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A non-ferrous alloy member having a lower melting point than a base material is placed on the base material, and the base material is heated by an electromagnetic induction current induced by a heating coil, and the non-ferrous alloy member is heated by the heat generated by the base material. A method for producing a composite material, comprising melting and welding on a base material. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the heating coils for inducing the electromagnetic induction current is located on one side of the base material on which the non-ferrous alloy member is not mounted. . 3. The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein the non-ferrous alloy member is in the form of a lump, a plate, a line, or a powder. 4. The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein the base material is steel.