JPH1141961A - Drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly reliable drive device, which can surely operate a motor in correspondence with the operation of a switch, even if leaking due to an accident such as immersed in water or the like has occurred, in the drive device for operating a relay, which supplies an electric power source to a motor 1 corresponding to the operating state of the switches 4 and 5. SOLUTION: Transistors 21a and 22a and transistors 21b and 22b, which turn on and off the power-supply sides and the grounding sides of relay coils 2a and 3a, and a microcomputer 23 are provided. The process for reading the magnitudes of the terminal voltages of switches 4 and 5 and discriminating that the operation of the switches has been made. The drive signals, which turn on the both transistors on the power supply side and the ground side corresponding to the case when the operation of the switches is discriminated, is outputted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a driving device for driving a motor for opening and closing a power window of a vehicle, and the like.
The present invention relates to a highly reliable driving device that can accurately operate a motor in response to a switch operation even when a water submersion accident occurs due to a vehicle falling into the sea or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in an opening / closing mechanism such as a power window of a vehicle, electronic control for realizing an automatic reversing function of a window and multiplex communication control is mainly used, and power is supplied to a motor which is a driving source. A driving system using a relay is generally used as a driving device for controlling the operation, and a conventional basic configuration of this type of driving device is as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. Hereinafter, this device will be described.

[0003] This drive unit supplies power to the motor 1 to drive the motor 1 in the forward or reverse direction, respectively, and relays 2 and 3 for instructing the motor 1 to operate in the forward or reverse direction, respectively. Switches 4 and 5.

Here, the relays 2 and 3 are respectively provided with coils 2a and 3a for excitation, a common terminal (hereinafter referred to as a C terminal), a normally open terminal (hereinafter referred to as an NO terminal), and a normally closed terminal (hereinafter referred to as a normally closed terminal). In the non-operating state where the coils 2a and 3a are not energized, C.C.
Terminal and N. C terminal is connected and coil 2
a, 3a, the terminal C and the terminal N. O
The terminal is in the connected state.

[0005] The N.V. The O terminal is connected to a power supply 6 (for example, a battery of a vehicle) and the N.O.
The C terminal is connected to the ground. The C terminal of the relay 2 is connected to the terminal 1a on the side on which the motor rotates in the forward direction when connected to the power supply side, of both terminals of the motor coil of the motor 1. The C terminal of relay 3
Of the two terminals of the motor coil of the motor 1, the terminal is connected to a terminal 1 b on the side where the motor rotates in the opposite direction when connected to the power supply side.

The switches 4 and 5 each have one contact which is operated by an operation of the driver of the vehicle, for example, the operation unit is turned in one direction by a common operation unit which can be turned. When the switch is turned on, the switch 4 is turned on, and when the switch is turned in the other direction, the switch 5 is turned on. In the case of FIG. 5, these switches 4, 5
Are provided on a line connecting the coils 2a and 3a of the relays 2 and 3 to the power supply 6, and this line is opened and closed. In the case of FIG. 6, the contact is provided on a line connecting the coils 2a and 3a of the relays 2 and 3 to the ground, and this line is opened and closed.

In the above driving device, the operation of the motor 1 is controlled by directly opening and closing one side of the terminals of the coils 2a and 3a of the relays 2 and 3 with the contacts of the switches 4 and 5. That is, first, when the switch 4 is operated and its contact is closed, a current flows through the exciting coil 2a of the relay 2 by the voltage of the battery 6 and only the contact 2b is operated, and the C terminal of the contact 2b and the N.C. Terminal 1a of motor 1 via O terminal
Only the power is connected to the power supply and the motor operates in the forward direction. On the other hand, when the switch 5 is operated and its contact is closed, a current flows through the exciting coil 3a of the relay 3 due to the voltage of the battery 6, and only the contact 3b is operated, and the C of the contact 3b is actuated.
Terminal and N. Only the terminal 1b of the motor 1 is connected to the power supply via the O terminal, and the motor operates in the reverse direction.

[0008]

In the above-mentioned conventional driving device, for example, when the vehicle falls into the sea or a lake and the device is submerged, depending on the water quality, the switches 4 and 5 are not operated. Inadvertently, a phenomenon (so-called leakage) that current flows carelessly to the contacts of the switches 4 and 5
Even if the switches 4 and 5 are operated, there is a possibility that the motor 1 does not operate in either the forward or reverse direction.

That is, when the electrolyte has a considerable concentration in the water, the electrolyte causes conduction between the contacts of the switches 4 and 5, so that a leak current flows through the coils 2a and 3a, and the magnitude of the leak current is increased. Depending on the relay 2,
Each of the contact portions 2b, 3b of No. 3 operates. As a result, even if the terminals 1a and 1b of the coil of the motor 1 are both connected to the power supply and the switches 4 and 5 are subsequently operated, the state of the circuit does not change, and the motor 1 cannot operate as a result. Becomes

It is conceivable to solve the above problem by making the contacts of the switches 4 and 5 waterproof, but this is not practically easy. Because switches 4,5
It is necessary to actuate the contact by the mechanical operation of the pressing operation part that needs to be exposed in the vehicle, so it is difficult to mold the contact, and the structure becomes too complicated to make it waterproof. That's why.

The above-described driving device shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 directly opens and closes a power supply line of a motor relay by a switch, and turns on and off a terminal voltage of the switch by a one-chip microcomputer or the like. Read by the processing means and determine whether the switch has been operated
This is called operation determination. ) Is performed, and when it is determined that the operation has been performed, there is a type in which the output of the processing means supplies power to the relay to control the start of the motor.

However, even when the relay is driven by such a processing means, conventionally, the operation of the switch is determined based on whether or not the terminal voltage of the switch exceeds a certain threshold value. Since the value was set without particularly considering the leak current, there was a possibility that the processing unit might erroneously determine that the switch was operated when submerged. Also in this case, the energization of the relay is also performed by turning on and off one end side (power supply side or ground side) of the coil of the relay by a switching element such as a transistor. In addition, current may flow through the coil of the relay due to leakage due to submersion, which may hinder motor start control.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a highly reliable drive device that can operate a motor accurately in response to a switch operation without inadvertently operating a relay even when a leak occurs due to a submersion accident or the like. It is intended to provide.

[0014]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a driving device comprising: a relay for supplying power to a motor to drive the motor; and a switch for instructing operation of the motor. A drive device that drives the motor by operating the relay according to the operation state of the switch, and reads the magnitude of the terminal voltage of the contact point of the switch, and changes the magnitude of the terminal voltage. Based on, the operation of the switch, performing a process of distinguishing from the change in the terminal voltage at the time of leakage, to perform a process, when it is determined that the switch has been operated, energize the coil of the relay, the A control processing means for operating the relay is provided.

The drive device according to claim 2, wherein the control processing means determines that the switch has been operated when the terminal voltage exceeds a set threshold value,
The threshold value is set to a value between the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the terminal voltage when the switch is operated.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the control processing means calculates a rate of change of the terminal voltage, and determines that the switch has been operated when the rate of change exceeds a set threshold value. Wherein the threshold is set to a value between the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the rate of change of the terminal voltage when the switch is operated. I do.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the driving device, the relay and the switch include two relays and a switch for forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor, and the control processing means includes a terminal of each contact of the two switches. The voltage is compared, and when the difference between these terminal voltages exceeds a set threshold value, it is determined that the switch with the larger change amount of the terminal voltage is operated, and the threshold value is The value is set to a value between a difference between the terminal voltages at the time of leakage and a difference between the terminal voltages when one of the switches is operated.

A drive device according to claim 5, wherein the relay and the switch include two relays and switches for forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor, and the control processing means includes a terminal at each contact of the two switches. Comparing the rate of change of the voltage, when the difference between the rates of change of these terminal voltages exceeds a set threshold, it is configured to determine that the switch with the larger rate of change of the terminal voltage is operated, The threshold value is set to a value between the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage when one of the switches is operated. Features.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the driving device, the control processing means reads a switching element for turning on and off a power supply side and a ground side of a coil of the relay, respectively, and reads a magnitude of a terminal voltage of a contact point of the switch. A processing circuit that performs a process of determining that the switch has been operated, and outputs a drive signal that turns on both the power supply side and the ground side of the switching element when it is determined that the switch has been operated. It is characterized by.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the driving device, the control processing means comprises a molded control circuit.

The drive device according to the present invention has a relay for supplying power to the motor to drive the motor, and a switch for commanding the operation of the motor. A drive device for driving a motor by operating the relay, wherein both ends of a coil of the relay are synchronously turned on and off in accordance with an operation state of the switch, and connected to a ground side or a power supply side, respectively. It is characterized by being cut off.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the driving device, the on / off control is executed by a command of a control processing means according to an operation state of the switch.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the drive device, the switch includes a switch for simultaneously opening and closing both ends of the coil of the relay, and the on / off control is performed by the operation of the switch.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the driving device includes two relays and a switch for forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor as the relay and the switch, and one of the relays operates according to the operation state of one of the switches. The motor rotates forward,
It is characterized in that the other relay operates according to the operating state of the other switch, and the motor reversely rotates.

A twelfth aspect of the invention is characterized in that the motor is a motor for opening and closing a power window of a vehicle.

The drive device according to claim 13 is characterized in that the motor is a motor for opening and closing a sunroof of a vehicle.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First Example First, a first example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a main part of a driving device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an outline of an external appearance and the like of the driving device. 2A is a plan view of the device, FIG. 2B is a side view of the device, and FIG. 2C is a side sectional view of the device. FIG. 3 is a diagram (a diagram showing a change in terminal voltage of a switch) for explaining a threshold setting for operation determination of the device. Note that the same components as those of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2, the driving device of this embodiment supplies power to the motor 1 (not shown here) to
And switches 4 and 5 for instructing the operation of the motor 1, and switches 4 and 5 for commanding the operation of the motor 1.
And a control circuit 11 (control processing means) for controlling the energization of the relays 2 and 3 according to the result of the operation determination, and a connection line to the power supply line of the apparatus and the motor (the above-mentioned C terminal of the relays 2 and 3) The power supply (eg, vehicle battery)
And a connector 12 for connecting to a coil of the motor 1.
It is housed inside.

Here, the switches 4 and 5 are, as described above,
For example, the contact is activated by a rotation operation of the operation unit 15 as shown in FIG. In this case, the operation unit 15 is disposed so as to protrude outward from an opening provided in the case 14 and is exposed to, for example, a vehicle interior or the like, and is raised as shown by an arrow in FIG. It is supported rotatably in the direction or pushing down direction.
When the operation section 15 is pressed in either direction, the switches 4 and 5 are pushed through the rod 15a.
Any one of the pressing portions is mechanically pressed and the corresponding contact is operated in a closing direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the control circuit 11 includes transistors 21a and 21b (switching elements) for turning on and off the power supply sides of the coils 2a and 3a of the relays 2 and 3, and the coils 2a and 3a of the relays 2 and 3. Transistors 22a and 22b (switching elements) for turning on and off the ground side
And a process of reading the magnitude of the terminal voltage at the contacts of the switches 4 and 5 to determine that one of the switches 4 and 5 has been operated (ie, an operation determination). And a microcomputer 23 (processing circuit) for outputting a drive signal of

In this case, the control circuit 11 connects the power supply lines 24 and 25 to which a power supply voltage from a vehicle battery or the like is applied and the terminals 4a and 5a of the contacts of the switches 4 and 5 to the ground. Resistors 26 and 27
And Zener diodes 28 and 29 connected between the ground sides of the coils 2a and 3a and the ground to prevent overcurrent.
In addition, a resistor (not shown) for input / output of a microcomputer 23 (hereinafter, referred to as a microcomputer 23) is provided as shown in FIG.

As the voltage supplied to the power supply lines 24 and 25, a power supply voltage of a vehicle battery or the like is transformed by a transformer circuit not shown if necessary, or a stabilization circuit not shown if necessary. A predetermined voltage (for example, 5 V or 12 V) stabilized by the circuit is applied. The control circuit 11 includes, for example, components or circuit conductors mounted or formed on a small substrate, and is entirely resin-molded.

The power supply line 24 supplies power to the microcomputer 23 and is connected to the other terminals 4b and 5b of the switches 4 and 5 to supply power for generating terminal voltages of the switches 4 and 5. That is, in this case, when the switches 4 and 5 are operated to close the contacts, a terminal voltage corresponding to the voltage drop by the resistors 26 and 27 is generated at one of the terminals 4a and 5a of the contacts. Note that this terminal voltage changes depending on the amount of current flowing through the contacts of the switches 4 and 5, and if the contact resistance of the contacts is ignored, the power supply voltage (for example, 5V or 12V) is obtained when the contacts are normally closed. Is equal to
If a leak occurs at the contact, the voltage is in accordance with the leak current.

The resistors 26 and 27 are connected to the power supply side of the switch.
And the voltage of the other terminals 4b and 5b of the switches 4 and 5 can be read as a terminal voltage. In this case, when the switch is operated and the contact is closed, the terminal voltage is changed from the power supply voltage. It becomes the ground level (0 V).

The power supply line 25 is connected to the transistor 21
a, 21b are connected to the power supply side of the coils 2a, 3a of the relays 2, 3 to apply a voltage for operating the relays 2, 3.

The microcomputer 23 has input terminals S1 and S2 to which the terminal voltages of the switches 4 and 5 are inputted.
And output terminals a ₁ , b ₁ , a ₂ , b _{2 for} outputting drive signals for the transistors 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, respectively.
And operates according to a program stored in a ROM or the like, and performs the following processing.

That is, the magnitude of the terminal voltage at the contacts of the switches 4 and 5 is read, and based on the manner of change in the magnitude of the terminal voltage, it is determined that one of the switches 4 and 5 has been operated. An operation determination is performed in distinction from the change in the terminal voltage, and when it is determined that one of the switches 4 and 5 has been operated, a drive signal for activating the corresponding transistor is output, and the relay 2 is output. 3
The power supply side and the ground side of the corresponding one of the coils 2a and 3a are simultaneously turned on to operate.

Specifically, when it is determined that the switch 4 has been operated by the operation determination described later, a drive signal for operating the transistors 21a and 22a is output, and the power supply side and the ground side of the coil 2a are output. At the same time, the relay 2 is activated. As a result, the motor 1 rotates forward. When it is determined that the switch 5 has been operated, a drive signal for operating the transistors 21b and 22b is output, and the power supply side and the ground side of the coil 3a are simultaneously turned on to operate the relay 3. As a result, the motor 1 rotates in the reverse direction.

The configuration of the microcomputer 23 is not particularly limited, and may be a one-chip one in which a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and an input / output circuit are formed on one chip, or each circuit may be a separate chip. May be used.

Next, various specific examples (first to fourth determination methods) of the operation determination performed by the microcomputer 23 will be described. First, the first determination method will be described. In this case, the microcomputer 23 sequentially reads the terminal voltages of the switches 4 and 5 at a predetermined sampling time, and operates the switches when the terminal voltage of any of the switches exceeds a preset threshold value. Is determined. Then, the threshold value is set to a value between the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the terminal voltage when the switch is operated.

In this case, specifically, when one of the switches is operated and the contact is normally closed, the terminal voltage is substantially equal to the power supply voltage (for example, 5 V) from 0 V as shown in FIG. It rises sharply to the value. However, when the contact of one of the switches is turned on due to leakage due to submersion or the like, the contact voltage is normally higher than when the contact is normally closed, and the terminal voltage is reduced accordingly, and FIG. The terminal voltage changes as shown in FIG.

For this reason, the maximum value of the terminal voltage finally reached by leakage such as submersion is determined by an experiment or the like, and the threshold value is set to a value larger than the value of the terminal voltage at the time of the leak and sufficiently smaller than the power supply voltage. If set, it is possible to reliably determine that one of the switches has been operated, in distinction from the change in the terminal voltage at the time of leakage. Note that when the terminal voltage of the switch is at a high level during non-operation, and the terminal voltage is reduced to the ground level by operating the switch, the terminal voltage is smaller than the value of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and sufficiently higher than the ground level. The threshold may be set to a large value, and when the terminal voltage falls below the threshold, the switch may be determined to be operated.

Next, the second determination method will be described.
In this case, the microcomputer 23 sequentially calculates the rate of change of the terminal voltage of each of the switches 4 and 5 at a predetermined cycle, and when the rate of change exceeds a preset threshold, the terminal exceeding the threshold. It is determined that the voltage switch has been operated. The threshold value is set to a value between the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the rate of change of the terminal voltage when the switch is operated.

In this case, specifically, when one of the switches is operated and its contact is normally closed, the terminal voltage is substantially equal to the power supply voltage (for example, 5 V) from 0 V as shown in FIG. It rises sharply to the value. However, when the contact of one of the switches becomes conductive due to leakage due to submersion or the like, the contact resistance gradually decreases, so that the terminal voltage also gradually increases, and the terminal voltage as shown in FIG. It will change.

For this reason, the maximum value of the rate of change of the terminal voltage due to leakage such as submersion is determined by an experiment or the like, and is larger than the value of the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of the leak. If the threshold value is set to a value sufficiently smaller than the rate, it is possible to reliably determine that one of the switches has been operated, in distinction from a change in terminal voltage at the time of leakage. Note that, even when the terminal voltage of the switch is at the high level when the switch is not operated and the terminal voltage is reduced to the ground level by operating the switch, the sign of the rate of change of the terminal voltage only becomes negative, and the absolute value Since the relationship is the same, if the rate of change is treated as an absolute value, a similar determination can be made with a similar threshold value.

Next, a third determination method will be described.
In this case, the microcomputer 23 sequentially compares the terminal voltages of the contacts of the switches 4 and 5 at a predetermined cycle, and when the difference between the terminal voltages exceeds a preset threshold value, the amount of change in the terminal voltage. It is determined that the switch with the larger is operated. Then, the threshold value is set to a value between the difference between the terminal voltages at the time of leakage and the difference between the terminal voltages when one of the switches is operated.

In this case, specifically, the terminal voltage of each switch is 0 V when no operation is performed and there is no leak, and the terminal voltage is equal to each other. Is normally closed, its terminal voltage sharply rises to a value substantially equal to the power supply voltage (for example, 5 V) as shown in FIG. 3A, and has a value greatly different from the terminal voltage of the other switch. Moreover, even if the contact of the other switch that is not operated due to leakage due to submersion or the like becomes conductive, the terminal voltage is usually relatively small,
The difference between the terminal voltage of one of the operated switches and the terminal voltage of the other switch that is not operated is a large value as compared with the case where the value of each terminal voltage is different due to leakage when the switch is not operated.

For this reason, the maximum value of the difference between the terminal voltages due to leakage such as submersion is determined by an experiment or the like, and is larger than the value of the difference between the terminal voltages at the time of the leak. If the threshold value is set to a value sufficiently smaller than the difference, it is possible to reliably determine that one of the switches has been operated, in distinction from the change in the terminal voltage at the time of leakage.

Next, a fourth determination method will be described.
In this case, the microcomputer 23 sequentially compares the change rates of the terminal voltages of the respective contacts of the switches 4 and 5 at a predetermined cycle, and when the difference between the change rates of the terminal voltages exceeds a set threshold value, It is determined that the switch with the larger rate of change in terminal voltage has been operated. Then, the threshold value is set to a value between the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage when one of the switches is operated.

In this case, specifically, when one of the switches is operated and its contact is normally closed, the terminal voltage rises rapidly as described above, and the rate of change is different from that of the other switch. The values differ greatly. Moreover, even if the contact of the other switch that is not operated due to leakage due to submersion or the like is turned on, the rate of change of the terminal voltage is extremely small. The difference between the change rate of the terminal voltage of the other switch and the change rate of the terminal voltage of the other switch is larger than that in the case where the value of the change rate of each terminal voltage is different due to leakage during non-operation.

For this reason, the maximum value of the difference in the rate of change of each terminal voltage due to a leak such as submersion is determined by an experiment or the like, and is larger than the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of the leak. If the threshold is set to a value sufficiently smaller than the difference in the rate of change of the voltage, it is possible to reliably determine that any switch has been operated, in distinction from the change in the terminal voltage at the time of leakage.

According to the driving apparatus of the present embodiment described above, the above-described operation determination is performed by the microcomputer 23, and based on the determination result, the microcomputer 21 controls the transistors 21a and 22a or the transistor 21b based on the aforementioned control. And 22b are driven to energize either of the relays 2a or 3a, and the motor 1 rotates in the direction according to the operation command.

Thus, even if a submergence accident occurs,
The motor can be operated accurately according to the operation of the switch, and the reliability of the device is improved. That is, first, the operation of any of the switches 4 and 5 is reliably distinguished from the leak by the operation determination processing of the microcomputer 23 described above. For this reason, due to the leakage at the contacts of the switches 4 and 5 due to the submersion accident,
The possibility that the operation determination of No. 5 is erroneously determined is extremely low.

The lines for energizing the coils 2a and 3a of the relays 2 and 3 are opened and closed at both ends of the coils 2a and 3a by the switching operation of the transistors 21a and 22a or the transistors 21b and 22b. . In other words, unless one of the switches 4 and 5 is operated, both ends of the coils 2a and 3a are reliably disconnected from the line. For this reason, even if the insulation resistance between the terminals of the control circuit 11 decreases due to submersion, the leakage current due to the voltage to be applied to the coils 2a and 3a is reduced to the power supply side (in this case, for example, the terminal to which the power supply line 25 is connected). ) Directly flows to the ground side (for example, a ground terminal (not shown) of the control circuit 11).
It does not flow to 3a.

Accordingly, a phenomenon in which the relays 2 and 3 for supplying power to the motor 1 are inadvertently activated due to a water submersion accident,
In addition, a malfunction that the operation of the switch becomes ineffective after the submersion accident occurs can be reliably prevented. If the drive unit of this example is applied to a motor for opening / closing a power window of a vehicle or a motor for opening / closing a sunroof, opening / closing operation of the power window / sunroof can be reliably performed even if a vehicle submerges. As a result, it is possible to easily escape from the cabin and safety is enhanced.

In the present embodiment, since the entire control circuit 11 including the microcomputer 23 is resin-molded, it is possible to reliably prevent the control circuit 11 from breaking down due to submersion in a short time. Therefore, also from this point, the reliability of the motor drive control becomes higher.

Second Example Next, a second example of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the driving device of the present example. 5 and 6
The same reference numerals are used for the same elements as those in the apparatus described above, and the duplicate description will be omitted. In this example, two-contact type switches 40 and 50 are provided instead of the switches 4 and 5 in the apparatus of FIGS.

The switches 40 and 50 are respectively provided with two contacts 41 and 42 which are simultaneously operated by operating the operation unit 15.
Alternatively, it has contacts 51 and 52. And the switch 40
Are connected to both sides (power side and ground side) of the coil 2a of the relay 2, and the contacts 51 and 52 of the switch 50 are connected to both sides (power side and ground side) of the coil 3a of the relay 3. ).

In the driving device of this embodiment, when the switch 40 is operated to close the contacts 41 and 42, both sides of the coil 2a are connected to the power supply side or the ground side, respectively, and the coil 2a is energized, and the relay 2 is turned on. The motor 1 operates to rotate forward. When the switch 50 is operated to close the contacts 51 and 52, both sides of the coil 3a are connected to the power supply side or the ground side, respectively.
a is energized, the relay 3 operates, and the motor 1 rotates in the reverse direction.

Then, the switches 40 and 5 are caused by the submergence accident.
Even if a leak occurs at the contact 0, a leak current due to the voltage of the power supply 6 does not flow through the coils 2a and 3a, and the relays 2 and 3 are inadvertently activated, which may cause a malfunction or a failure to start the motor 1. Absent.

That is, according to the circuit configuration of this example, when the switches 40 and 50 are not operated, the coils 2 of the relays 2 and 3
Since both ends (the power supply side and the ground side) of the a and 3a are disconnected from the line, even if a water immersion accident occurs, the leak current flows from the power supply side (in this case, terminals indicated by reference numerals 41a and 51a in FIG. 4). Direct grounding side (in this case, reference numeral 42 in FIG. 4)
a, 52a) and the coil 2
a, 3a does not flow. Therefore, even when a submergence accident occurs, the motor drive relays 2 and 3 are not inadvertently activated, and the operation of the motor 1 according to the switches 40 and 50 is reliably realized, and the drive is performed. The reliability of the device is significantly improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but may have various aspects and modifications. For example, as in the case of the first example (FIG. 1), when the drive control of the motor is performed by the control processing of the microcomputer or the like, the drive of the motor is performed by the special processing function of the microcomputer or the like without operating the switch. Control may be performed. That is, for example, in the case of a motor for opening / closing a power window of a vehicle or opening / closing a sunroof, transmission is performed by a method such as an automatic reversing function of detecting a jam and automatically reversing the motor to open a window or the like, or a multiplex communication method. It may have a communication control function of opening and closing a window or the like in accordance with the received signal.

[0063]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the control processing means reads the magnitude of the terminal voltage of the contact of the switch, and determines that the switch has been operated based on the change in the magnitude of the terminal voltage. When the switch is determined to be operated, the coil of the relay for driving the motor is energized to activate the relay.

Therefore, it is possible to avoid a problem that a relay for driving a motor is inadvertently activated due to a leak of a switch contact caused by a water submersion accident or the like, and the operation of the motor by the switch becomes impossible.

In particular, in the driving device according to the second aspect, the control processing means determines that the switch has been operated when the terminal voltage exceeds a set threshold value. It is set to a value between the terminal voltage at the time of operation and the terminal voltage when the switch is operated.

For this reason, it is not reliably determined that the switch has been operated based on the change in the terminal voltage due to the leak, and the terminal voltage exceeds the threshold value and the operation is determined only after the switch is operated. The operation determination can be reliably performed in distinction from the leak, and the reliability of the motor operation can be improved even in the event of a submersion in water.

Further, in the driving device according to the third aspect, the control processing means calculates a change rate of the terminal voltage, and determines that the switch has been operated when the change rate exceeds a set threshold value. In this case, the threshold value is set to a value between the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the rate of change of the terminal voltage when the switch is operated.

For this reason, it is not determined that the switch has been operated based on the change in the terminal voltage due to the leak, and the operation is determined only when the switch is operated because the rate of change in the terminal voltage exceeds the threshold value. Is reliably distinguished from a leak, and the reliability of motor operation is improved even in the event of a submergence.

It is to be noted that the operation determination based on such a change rate facilitates the setting of the threshold value as compared with the case where the magnitude of the terminal voltage is simply compared with the threshold value, and improves the reliability. There is a specific effect that the improvement is facilitated.

This is because the decrease in insulation resistance due to water immersion or the like always progresses irrespective of conditions such as water quality, and the increase in leak current (ie, change in terminal voltage) due to the decrease
It occurs slowly as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the switch is operated, the terminal voltage changes instantaneously as shown in FIG. Therefore, there is always a large difference between the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the rate of change of the terminal voltage when the switch is operated, and the setting range of the threshold value is always large. .

Further, the driving device according to the fourth aspect includes two relays and switches for normal rotation and reverse rotation of the motor,
The control processing means compares the terminal voltages of the respective contacts of the two switches, and when the difference between the terminal voltages exceeds a set threshold value, the switch with the larger change amount of the terminal voltage is operated. In this case, the threshold value is set to a value between the difference between the terminal voltages at the time of leakage and the difference between the terminal voltages when one of the switches is operated. I have.

For this reason, it is not determined that a switch has been operated based on a change in the terminal voltage due to leakage, and the operation is determined to be performed only after one of the switches has been operated because the difference between the terminal voltages exceeds the threshold value. Therefore, the operation determination of the switch can be reliably performed in distinction from the leak, and the reliability of the motor operation can be improved even in the event of a submergence.

This is because a leak due to water immersion or the like usually occurs at the contacts of any of the switches at the same time, so that the terminal voltage changes at the time of the leak similarly occur for the two switches. For this reason, the difference between the terminal voltages of the switches at the time of the leak becomes almost zero. On the other hand, the difference between the terminal voltages when one of the switches is operated has a certain magnitude even when a leak occurs at the contact of the other switch that is not operated. With the above-described determination based on the threshold value set as a value between the difference values, the operation determination is reliably performed.

In the driving device according to the fifth aspect, two relays and a switch for forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor are provided,
The control processing means compares the rates of change of the terminal voltages of the respective contacts of the two switches, and, when the difference between the rates of change of the terminal voltages exceeds a set threshold value, It is configured to determine that the larger switch has been operated, and in this case, the threshold value is the difference between the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage and the terminal voltage when one of the switches is operated. It is set to a value between the rate of change.

For this reason, it is not determined that the switch has been operated by the change in the terminal voltage due to the leak, and the difference in the rate of change in the terminal voltage exceeds the threshold value only after one of the switches is operated. Since the determination is made, the operation determination of the switch can be reliably performed in distinction from the leak, and the reliability of the motor operation can be improved even in the case of a water submersion accident.

This is because a leak due to submersion or the like occurs similarly for the two switches as described above. For this reason, the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage of each switch at the time of leakage also becomes a value close to zero. On the other hand, the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage when one of the switches is operated has a certain magnitude even when a leak occurs at the contact of the other switch that is not operated. Therefore, the operation determination is reliably performed by the above-described determination using the threshold value set as a value between these difference values.

When the operation is determined based on such a change rate, the difference between the magnitudes of the terminal voltages is compared with a threshold value. There is a specific effect that setting is facilitated and reliability is easily improved.

Further, in the driving device according to the sixth aspect, the control processing means includes a switching element for turning on and off a power supply side and a ground side of the relay coil, respectively, and a processing circuit for outputting a driving signal of the switching element. Then, the processing circuit reads the magnitude of the terminal voltage of the contact point of the switch, performs the operation determination, and when it is determined that the switch is operated, outputs a drive signal that turns on the switching element on both the power supply side and the ground side. Output. That is, the operation determination as described above is performed by the processing circuit,
The switching element is driven by the control of the processing circuit based on the determination result, the relay is energized, and the motor rotates according to the operation command.

As a result, even if a submergence accident occurs,
The motor can be operated accurately according to the operation of the switch, and the reliability of the device is improved. That is, first, the operation of the switch is reliably determined by the above-described operation determination in distinction from the leak. For this reason, it is extremely unlikely that a switch operation determination will be determined due to a leak at a switch contact point due to a water submersion accident.

The opening and closing of the line for energizing the relay coil is performed at both ends of the coil by the switching operation of the switching element. That is, as long as the switch is not operated, both ends of the coil are reliably disconnected from the line. Therefore, even if the insulation resistance between the terminals of the control processing means decreases due to submersion, the leak current due to the voltage to be applied to the coil only flows directly from the power supply terminal to the ground terminal, and the relay coil has Not flowing.

Therefore, a phenomenon in which the relay for supplying power to the motor is inadvertently activated due to a water submersion accident and a problem that the operation of the switch becomes ineffective after the water submersion accident occurs can be prevented with high reliability.

In the driving device according to the seventh aspect, since the control processing means comprises a molded control circuit, the control processing means may fail in a short time due to submersion.
Avoided with high reliability. Therefore, also from this point, the reliability of the motor drive control becomes higher.

In the driving device according to the eighth to eleventh aspects, both ends of the coil of the motor driving relay are synchronously turned on / off in response to the operation of the switch, and are connected or disconnected to the ground side or the power supply side, respectively. Is done.

Therefore, when the switch is operated, both sides of the relay coil are connected to the power supply side or the ground side, respectively, the coil is energized, and the relay operates to operate the motor. And even if a leak occurs at the switch contact due to a water submersion accident, the leak current due to the power supply voltage to be applied to the relay coil does not flow through the coil, and the relay operates carelessly, causing a malfunction or motor start failure accident. Will not occur.

In other words, according to the configuration of the present apparatus, when the switch is not operated, both ends (power supply side and ground side) of the relay coil are disconnected from the line. Only flows directly from the power supply side terminal to the ground side terminal, not to the coil. Therefore, even when a submersion accident occurs, the motor drive relay does not accidentally operate, the operation of the motor corresponding to the switch is reliably realized, and the reliability of the drive device is markedly improved. improves.

Further, when the drive device of the present invention is applied to a motor for opening and closing a power window of a vehicle, the opening and closing operation of the power window can be reliably performed even if a vehicle submergence accident occurs. It is possible to easily escape from the cabin, and the safety of the vehicle is enhanced.

Further, when the drive device of the present invention is applied to a motor for opening and closing a sunroof of a vehicle, the opening and closing operation of the sunroof can be reliably performed even if a vehicle submerges in water. In addition, the vehicle can easily escape from the cabin, and the safety of the vehicle is enhanced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a driving device that is a first example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view, a side view, and a schematic diagram showing the external appearance of the apparatus.
It is a side sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change in terminal voltage of a switch.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a driving device according to a second example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional driving device.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing another configuration example of a conventional driving device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor 2, 3 Relay 2a, 3a Relay coil 4, 5 Switch 11 Control circuit (control processing means) 21a, 21b Transistor (switching element) 22a, 22b Transistor (switching element) 23 Microcomputer (processing circuit) 40, 50 switch

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] September 12, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0031

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In this case, the control circuit 11 connects the power supply lines 24 and 25 to which a power supply voltage from a vehicle battery or the like is applied and the terminals 4a and 5a of the contacts of the switches 4 and 5 to the ground. Resistors 26 and 27
And Zener diodes 28 and 29 connected between the ground sides of the coils 2a and 3a and the ground to prevent overvoltage.
In addition, a resistor (not shown) for input / output of a microcomputer 23 (hereinafter, referred to as a microcomputer 23) is provided as shown in FIG.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0080

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The opening and closing of the line for energizing the relay coil is performed at both ends of the coil by the switching operation of the switching element. That is, as long as the switch is not operated, both ends of the coil are reliably disconnected from the line. Therefore, even if the insulation resistance between the terminals of the control processing means decreases due to submersion, the leak current due to the voltage to be applied to the coil only flows directly from the power supply terminal to the ground terminal, and the relay coil has Not flowing.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Fig. 1

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Figure 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 2

Claims (13)

[Claims] A relay for driving the motor by supplying power to the motor; and a switch for commanding the operation of the motor. The relay is operated in accordance with an operation state of the switch to operate the motor. A drive device for driving, the magnitude of the terminal voltage of the contact point of the switch is read, and based on the change in the magnitude of the terminal voltage, the operation of the switch, the terminal voltage of the A drive device, comprising: a control unit that performs a process of distinguishing from a change and, when it is determined that the switch is operated, energizes a coil of the relay to operate the relay. 2. The control processing means is configured to determine that the switch has been operated when the terminal voltage exceeds a set threshold value, wherein the threshold value is the terminal voltage at the time of leakage. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein the drive voltage is set to a value between the terminal voltage and the terminal voltage when the switch is operated. 3. The control processing means calculates a rate of change of the terminal voltage, and determines that the switch has been operated when the rate of change exceeds a set threshold value. The threshold value is the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage,
2. A value which is set to a value between the terminal voltage and the rate of change of the terminal voltage when the switch is operated.
The driving device as described. 4. The relay and the switch include two relays and a switch for forward rotation and reverse rotation of a motor, and the control processing means compares terminal voltages of respective contacts of the two switches, and When the voltage difference exceeds a set threshold value, it is configured to determine that the switch with the larger change amount of the terminal voltage is operated, and the threshold value is a value of the terminal voltage at the time of leakage. 2. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein a value is set to a value between a difference and a difference between the terminal voltages when one of the switches is operated. 5. The relay and the switch include two relays and a switch for normal rotation and reverse rotation of a motor, and the control processing unit compares a rate of change of a terminal voltage of each contact of the two switches. When the difference between the rates of change of the terminal voltages exceeds a set threshold, it is determined that the switch with the larger rate of change of the terminal voltage is operated, and 2. A value between the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage at the time of operation and the difference in the rate of change of the terminal voltage when one of the switches is operated. Drive. 6. The control processing means reads a switching element that turns on and off a power supply side and a ground side of a coil of the relay, and a magnitude of a terminal voltage of a contact point of the switch,
A processing circuit that performs the process of determining that the switch has been operated, and outputs a drive signal that turns on both the power supply side and the ground side of the switching element when it is determined that the switch has been operated, The driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein 7. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein said control processing means comprises a molded control circuit. 8. A relay for supplying power to the motor to drive the motor, and a switch for commanding the operation of the motor, wherein the relay is operated in accordance with the operation state of the switch to operate the motor. A drive device that drives both ends of the coil of the relay synchronously on and off in accordance with the operation state of the switch, and is connected or disconnected to the ground side or the power supply side, respectively. A driving device characterized by the above-mentioned. 9. The drive device according to claim 8, wherein the on / off control is executed by a command of a control processing unit according to an operation state of the switch. 10. The drive device according to claim 8, wherein the switch includes a switch that simultaneously opens and closes both ends of a coil of the relay, and the operation of the switch performs the on / off control. 11. The relay and the switch,
It has two relays and a switch for forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor, and one relay operates according to the operation state of one switch to rotate the motor forward, and the other relay according to the operation state of the other switch. The drive device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the motor operates in the reverse direction. 12. The motor according to claim 1, wherein said motor is a motor for opening and closing a power window of a vehicle.
2. The driving device according to claim 1, 13. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a motor for opening and closing a sunroof of a vehicle.