JPH11344099A - Slip control device for torque converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make approx. equal the amounts of friction heat transmitted to the housing side and the piston side. SOLUTION: A slip control device for a torque converter includes two discs 11 and 21 installed between the inner surface of a housing 1 and the front surface of a piston 2 in such a way as confronting each other, wherein the disc 11 is coupled with the housing 1 through a spline part 15 while the disc 21 is coupled with the piston 2 through a spline 25. The surfaces of the two discs 11 and 21 are lined with friction material 111, 119, 211, 219. The heat emitting amounts of the opposing friction members 111 and 211 due to contacting with the mating disc are made approx. the same. Thereby the amounts of friction heat generated in the discs 11 and 21 when the slip control device is in operation become approx. the same, and an effective heat radiation can be performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slip converter for a torque converter in which the amount of fluid slip between an input and an output shaft in a torque converter is appropriately controlled to thereby improve the torque transmission efficiency.
In particular, the present invention relates to a device for improving a heat transfer coefficient and a heat radiation efficiency around a friction plate for controlling a slip amount.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a torque converter is designed to transmit power through a liquid (fluid), so that when the torque converter is operated, energy is lost due to the slip of the liquid (fluid). There is a problem. In order to solve such a problem, between the housing as the input side member and the turbine as the output side member,
A so-called lock-up mechanism has been developed in which a piston formed of a friction mechanism is provided and the piston and the housing are appropriately frictionally engaged to reduce the amount of fluid slip between the input side and the output side. . In order to increase the frictional engagement area between the housing and the piston, such a lock-up mechanism has been developed in which a friction member is provided in a multi-plate shape between the housing and the piston. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
It is already known, for example, from Japanese Patent No. 5151.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned prior art, a friction member is provided between the housing and the piston in a multi-plate shape, thereby reducing the amount of heat generated per unit area due to the enlargement of the friction area. However, no consideration is given to a method of radiating frictional heat generated at the friction member. In such a torque converter with a lock-up mechanism, during high load operation, frictional engagement frequently occurs between the housing and the piston, and a large amount of frictional heat is generated around these mechanisms. Become. In order to solve such problems, friction heat generated by engagement of a multi-plate friction member (friction plate) provided between the housing and the piston is efficiently transmitted to the housing and the piston. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object (problem) of the present invention to provide a slip control device for a torque converter having a mechanism for finally dissipating the air into the atmosphere.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following measures. That is, in the present invention, the housing includes an input-side member, a turbine that is an output-side member, and a piston that mechanically frictionally connects the input-side member and the output-side member. A torque converter slip control device that appropriately controls a fluid slip amount between an input side and an output side so that relative rotation cannot be performed on one of the housing and the piston. And, it is mounted so as to be capable of sliding movement in the axial direction, and while providing one disk made of a metal material, on the other side,
The other disk made of a metal material is provided so that relative rotation cannot be performed and sliding can be performed in the axial direction. Each side is provided with a friction material.

[0005] By adopting such a configuration, the present invention has the following effects.
In other words, according to the present invention, when the slip control device is operated, heat is generated by frictional contact between the respective discs provided on the housing side and the piston side and the friction material provided on the other side at the respective discs. Occurs. In this case, the amount of heat generated by the frictional contact is also affected by the relative sliding speed between the frictional contact members.
A difference occurs in the peripheral speed, and even if the friction materials having the same friction coefficient have the same area, a difference in the calorific value occurs. In consideration of these facts, in the present invention, the arrangement of the friction material is divided in the radial direction, and the area occupied by the friction material is reduced on the outer peripheral side and increased on the inner peripheral side, whereby The influence of the peripheral speed is reduced. Further, when the areas of the friction members provided on the contact surfaces of the two disks are the same, it is not always necessary to have the same friction coefficient. In accordance with the magnitude of the velocity, that is, the difference in the peripheral speed due to the difference in the radial arrangement position of the friction material, the friction coefficient of the friction material is reduced on the outer peripheral side and increased on the inner peripheral side, thereby increasing the peripheral velocity. The effect can be reduced. By adopting such a configuration, in the present invention,
The amount of frictional heat generated in the two disks can be made substantially the same, so that the amount of heat transmitted to the housing side and the piston side can be made almost the same value. As a result, the generated frictional heat can be efficiently dispersed, and the heat can be prevented from staying around the heat generating portion, that is, around the disk.

The heat (frictional heat) is transmitted to the disk made of a metal material. By the way, in the disk drive of the present invention, each of these disks has a large heat capacity and is designed to be connected to a housing or a piston having a high thermal conductivity. The generated frictional heat is efficiently transmitted to the housing or the piston, so that the heat does not stay at the disk. Then, the heat transmitted to the housing or the piston in such a manner is efficiently radiated into the atmosphere from these members having a large heat radiation area. Therefore, when the slip control device operates, the frictional heat generated at the disk is efficiently dissipated, and the area around the disk is efficiently cooled.

In addition, in the present invention, in addition to the above, a means (method) that considers not only heat generation on the friction surface but also a heat transfer path is conceivable. In the case where the thickness and mass of the two disks are significantly different, the capacity of the friction material provided on the contacting surface side of the two disks is determined by the ratio of the thickness and mass of each disk. Is set to a value corresponding to Specifically, it is arranged that the ratio of the value of the area of the friction material provided on both disks × the value of the coefficient of friction is the same as the ratio of the thickness and the mass of the disks in contact with each other. .

By adopting such a structure, in the present invention, the amount of heat generated by frictional contact between the two disks and the mating friction material can be efficiently distributed. In other words, the state of the heat generated by the frictional contact is determined by the movement path of the heat. If the thicknesses of the two disks are significantly different, the larger the thickness of the disk member, the more heat is transferred, so that a large deviation in the amount of heat transfer occurs, and there is a possibility that heat will stay only around one of the disks. To The present invention adopts a configuration in which heat is transferred more to the thicker disk side and less to the thinner disk side so that heat can be efficiently distributed. Heat does not stay around one of the disks. That is, the generated frictional heat is efficiently dispersed and does not stay around the heat generating portion, that is, around the disk. As a result, the overall thermal conductivity can be increased, and the cooling efficiency around the disk can be increased.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Although it relates to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the configuration is such that a housing 1 connected to the engine side and forming a member on the input side and a housing 1 connected to the transmission side and the output side And a turbine 3 forming the member
Side (O1 O1 direction)
A piston 2 provided so as to be capable of sliding movement to
It is basically composed of

In such a structure, a plurality of friction members are provided between the housing 1 and the piston 2 in a multi-plate shape. The specific contents will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the basic embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The spline portion 15 of the housing 1
On the other hand, the inner side of the disk is spline-coupled, so that one of the discs is mounted so as to be able to slide in the axial direction (O1 O1 direction) and not to rotate relative to the housing 1. The housing-side disk 11) and the spline portion 25 of the piston 2
The outer diameter side is spline-coupled so that sliding movement in the axial direction (O1 O1 direction) is possible, and
The piston 2 is composed of the other disk (hereinafter, referred to as a piston-side disk) 21 which is attached so that relative rotational movement is impossible. A friction material 11 is provided on each surface side of these two disks 11, 21.
1, 119, 211, and 219 are provided. By moving the piston 2 toward the housing 1, that is, forward in FIG. 1, the friction members 111 and 11 provided in a multi-plate shape between the inside of the housing 1 and the front side of the piston 2.
9, 211, and 219, the housing 1 or the piston 2, and the respective discs 11, 21 are brought into contact with each other to perform frictional engagement.

Among the friction members provided on the two disks 11 and 21, one frictionally engaging with the inner surface of the housing 1 (219) and one frictionally engaging with the front surface of the piston 2 (119), respectively. , Each disk 11, 21
Are provided so as to cover almost the entire surface and uniformly. On the other hand, those which frictionally engage with each other's disk surface (111, 211)
As shown in FIG. 2, they are installed so that their widths are different. More specifically, the heat generation amounts of the (111, 211) mating disk surfaces are set to be substantially the same. That is, the area of the friction material 111 × the friction coefficient of the friction material 111 × the peripheral speed (average value) ≒ the area of the friction material 211 × the friction coefficient of the friction material 211 × the peripheral speed (average value). As a result, the amounts of heat generated at the contact surfaces of the mating disks 11 and 21 that frictionally engage (frictionally contact) with the friction members 111 and 211 have the same value, and the piston 2 side and the housing 2 have the same heat value. The state of heat conduction to one side will exhibit a similar situation.

Incidentally, such disks 11, 21
Of the friction materials 111, 2 provided on the respective contact surface sides
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the arrangement (11) provided on the housing-side disk 11 is arranged on the outer diameter side, and the arrangement (211) provided on the piston-side disk 21 is arranged on the inner diameter side, as shown in FIGS. In addition to the above structure, for example, as shown in FIG.
It is also conceivable that the component (111) provided on the inner side is disposed on the inner diameter side and the component (211) provided on the piston side disk 21 is disposed on the outer side. Also in this case, the heat generation values at the contact portions of the two 111 and 211 with the mating disks 21 and 11 are set to be substantially the same.

Further, regarding the arrangement of the friction material provided on the contact surface of the two disks 11 and 21 with the other disk, the influence of the heat transfer path around the friction surface as shown in FIG. Consideration is also conceivable. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, when the thickness of the disk 21 is, for example, approximately twice the thickness of the disk 11,
What is provided on the disk 11, that is, the disk 2
The value provided by the contact area of the friction material contacting 1 × the friction coefficient is provided on the disk 21, that is, the contact area of the friction material contacting the disk 11 × the value of the friction coefficient is approximately twice as large. That is to say. As a result, the amount of movement of heat generated by frictional engagement with the respective mating frictional members 111 and 211 via the respective disks 21 and 11 becomes a value corresponding to the respective heat capacities. Thereby, the housing 1 side and the piston 2
The frictional heat is efficiently transmitted to the side. When the disk 11 and the disk 21 have the same thickness and different masses, the larger the mass, the larger the heat capacity, and thus the more heat can be stored. When the value of the frictional material that comes into contact with the disk 21 times the value of the friction coefficient that is provided on the disk 21,
That is, the contact area of the friction material in contact with the disk 11 ×
They can be arranged so as to be approximately twice the value of the coefficient of friction.

Further, with respect to the arrangement of the friction material provided on the contact surface of the two disks 11 and 21 with the other disk, the influence of the peripheral speed on the friction surface as shown in FIG. 4 is reduced. It is also conceivable. This takes into account that the amount of heat generated on the friction surface is affected by the relative sliding speed. More specifically, the friction material provided on each of the disks 11 and 21 is divided in the radial direction so that the radial width is not increased, and the divided friction materials 111 and 11 are divided.
1 'and 211 are that the one provided on the housing-side disk 11 and the one provided on the piston-side disk 21 are arranged alternately in the radial direction. Specifically, the area of the friction material 111 × the friction coefficient of the friction material 111 × the peripheral speed (average value) + the area of the friction material 111 ′ ×
By setting the friction coefficient of the friction material 111 ′ × the peripheral speed (average value) ≒ the area of the friction material 211 × the friction coefficient of the friction material 211 × the peripheral speed (average value), the respective counterpart disks 11, 2
A large difference can be prevented from occurring in the amount of heat generated by the frictional engagement with the motor 1. As a result, the amounts of frictional heat generated in the housing-side disk 11 and the piston-side disk 21 have substantially the same value, and the amounts of the frictional heat transmitted to the housing 1 and the piston 2 are substantially equal. Value can be controlled.
In the present embodiment, if the friction material is excessively finely divided in the radial direction, the contact pressure on the contact surface locally increases, thereby maximizing the heat generation around the friction portion, and causing an extreme temperature rise. In order to cope with this, there is a possibility that a part may be formed. For example, as shown in FIG.
Are integrated without being subdivided, and this is provided on the housing side disk 11 (111, 111 ′).
It is arranged to be wrapped in the radial direction. In this way, the friction materials are arranged alternately as a whole, so that the influence of the peripheral speed can be reduced and the contact pressure on the contact surface can be prevented from extremely increasing.

Next, the operation and the like of the embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described. That is, in the present embodiment, when the slip control device is operated, the respective discs 11 and 21 provided on the housing 1 side and the piston 2 side are in contact with the friction material provided on the other side. Heat is generated by frictional contact between the two. And this heat (friction heat)
Is propagated to the disks 11 and 21 made of a metal material. By the way, in the present embodiment, these disks 11 and 21 have a large heat capacity and are connected to the housing 1 or the piston 2 having high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the frictional heat generated in the respective disks 11 and 21 is efficiently transmitted to the housing 1 or the piston 2, and the heat does not stay in the respective disks 11 and 21.

The heat transmitted to the housing 1 or the piston 2 as described above is efficiently radiated from the members having a large heat radiation area into the atmosphere. Therefore, when the slip control device operates,
The frictional heat generated at the disks 11 and 21 is efficiently dissipated, and the area around the disks 11 and 21 is efficiently cooled. Further, the frictional members 111 and 211 provided at the housing-side disk 11 and the piston-side disk 21 are transmitted to the housing 1 side since the calorific values of the friction members 111 and 211 are substantially equal to each other. The amount of heat and the amount of heat transmitted to the piston 2 side have substantially the same value, and there is no large deviation to one side. By these things,
The generated frictional heat is efficiently dispersed, so that heat does not stay around the heat generating portion, that is, around each of the disks 11 and 21. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature around the friction material (around the disks 11 and 21) when the slip control device operates.

In the case where the area ratio of the friction members 111 and 211 is arranged in accordance with the ratio of the thickness and mass of each disk (see FIG. 5), the friction generated in each of the disks 11 and 21 is different. The amount of retained heat can be equivalent. That is, the amount of temperature rise due to the heat generated by frictional contact is determined by how the heat moves. If one of the disks has a smaller heat transfer capacity than the other, heat stays in the disk with the smaller heat transfer capacity and the amount of temperature rise increases, resulting in a bias of heat. Considering these facts, in the present embodiment, the arrangement of the friction material (specifically, the ratio of division)
Is determined according to the state of the heat transfer path, so that the influence of the difference in the heat transfer path is reduced. By adopting such a configuration, in the present embodiment, the movement of frictional heat generated in the housing-side disk 11 and the piston-side disk 21 is smoothed, and the heat is efficiently transmitted to the housing side and the piston side. I try to make it. As a result, the overall heat conduction efficiency can be improved, and heat does not stay around the disks 11 and 21. That is, the cooling efficiency around the disks 11 and 21 is increased, and the temperature rise during operation of the slip control device can be suppressed.

In the case where the friction members 111 and 211 are divided in the radial direction and are arranged alternately (see FIG. 4),
Can be made to have the same value as the amount of frictional heat generated at. Specifically, in the present embodiment, while arranging the friction material in the radial direction,
These are arranged alternately in consideration of the peripheral speed, thereby reducing the influence of the difference in the heat generation amount due to the peripheral speed. By adopting such a configuration,
In the present embodiment, the amount of frictional heat generated in the housing-side disk 11 and the piston-side disk 21 can be made to be substantially the same value, and distributed to the housing side and the piston side. The amount of heat to be applied can be more equalized. As a result, the overall heat transfer efficiency can be improved, and heat does not stay around the disks 11 and 21. That is, the cooling efficiency around the disks 11 and 21 is improved, and the operation of the slip control device can be more finely controlled.

[0019]

According to the present invention, a housing which is an input side member, a turbine which is an output side member, a piston which mechanically frictionally connects the input side member and the output side member, A slip control device for a torque converter for appropriately controlling a fluid slip amount between an input side and an output side, wherein a relative rotational motion is not applied to one of the housing and the piston. As much as possible and mounted so as to allow sliding movement in the axial direction, one disk made of a metal material is provided, and no relative rotational movement is possible on the other side. In this way, it is mounted so as to be capable of sliding movement in the axial direction, and another disk made of a metal material is provided. With each providing the friction material,
The friction material to which these two disks are attached has a configuration in which the amount of heat generated by contacting the mating disk surface is made substantially equal, so that the heat is transmitted to the housing side. The amount of heat transmitted to the piston and the amount of heat transmitted to the piston side have substantially the same value, and there is no large bias toward one of the sides. As a result, the generated frictional heat is efficiently dispersed, and the heat does not stay around the heat generating portion, that is, around each disk. Therefore, the cooling function around the slip control device can be enhanced, and the slip control device can be operated more finely.
As a result, the fuel efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an arrangement state of friction materials around a disk according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing another example of an arrangement of friction materials around a disk according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an arrangement of a radially divided friction material around a disk according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an arrangement state of a friction material around a disk according to the present invention divided according to a heat transfer path.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 11 Disk (housing side disk) 111 Friction material 111 'Friction material 119 Friction material 15 Spline part 2 Piston 21 Disk (piston side disk) 211 Friction material 219 Friction material 25 Spline part 3 Turbine

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Kuroishi 41-cho, Yokomichi, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, Aichi Prefecture Inside of Toyota Central Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuji Nagasawa Yuji Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, Aichi No. 41, Chochu, Yokomichi 1 Inside Toyota Central Research Institute, Inc. (72) Inventor Masahiro Kojima 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Inventor Hiroaki Takeuchi 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A housing, which is an input-side member, a turbine, which is an output-side member, and a piston that mechanically frictionally couples between the input-side member and the output-side member. In a slip converter for a torque converter that appropriately controls a fluid slip amount between an input side and an output side, a relative rotational movement is not possible on any one of the housing and the piston, and Is mounted so as to be capable of sliding movement in the axial direction, and is provided with one disk made of a metal material, and on the other side, relative rotation is not possible, and Attached so as to be capable of sliding movement in the axial direction, another disk made of a metal material is provided, and a friction material is provided on each of the contact surfaces of these two disks. A slip control device for a torque converter, which is provided.