JPH11341797A - Method of controlling step-down chopper type dc-dc converter - Google Patents
Method of controlling step-down chopper type dc-dc converterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11341797A JPH11341797A JP14536398A JP14536398A JPH11341797A JP H11341797 A JPH11341797 A JP H11341797A JP 14536398 A JP14536398 A JP 14536398A JP 14536398 A JP14536398 A JP 14536398A JP H11341797 A JPH11341797 A JP H11341797A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- converter
- down chopper
- semiconductor switch
- chopper type
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、直流電源から電
圧を降圧して直流電力を取り出す降圧チョッパ形直流−
直流変換装置、特にその制御方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a step-down chopper type DC-DC converter for stepping down a voltage from a DC power supply and extracting DC power.
The present invention relates to a DC converter, particularly to a control method thereof.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図４に降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変換装
置のこの種の従来例を示す。符号１０が降圧チョッパ形
直流−直流変換装置の主回路部で、半導体スイッチ２，
還流ダイオード３，直流リアクトル４および平滑コンデ
ンサ５から構成される。符号２０がその制御回路部で、
出力電圧フィードバック回路２１およびパルス幅変調
（ＰＷＭ）回路２２から構成される。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows a conventional step-down chopper type DC-DC converter of this type. Reference numeral 10 denotes a main circuit portion of the step-down chopper type DC-DC converter,
It comprises a reflux diode 3, a DC reactor 4 and a smoothing capacitor 5. Reference numeral 20 denotes the control circuit unit.
It comprises an output voltage feedback circuit 21 and a pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit 22.
【０００３】出力電圧フィードバック回路２１は基準電
圧源，誤差増幅器（図示省略）等から構成され、基準電
圧と出力電圧との誤差信号を増幅して出力する。ＰＷＭ
回路２２は例えば三角波発信器およびコンパレータ（図
示省略）などから構成され、出力電圧フィードバック回
路２１からの出力を、パルス幅変調された波形に変換し
て出力する。つまり、降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変換装
置では、制御回路部２０にて半導体スイッチ２のオン，
オフ比率を制御することにより、ここでは直流電源１の
電圧ＶINよりも低い任意の出力電圧ＶOUT を負荷６に供
給する。An output voltage feedback circuit 21 includes a reference voltage source, an error amplifier (not shown), and the like, and amplifies and outputs an error signal between the reference voltage and the output voltage. PWM
The circuit 22 is composed of, for example, a triangular wave transmitter and a comparator (not shown), and converts the output from the output voltage feedback circuit 21 into a pulse width modulated waveform and outputs it. That is, in the step-down chopper type DC-DC converter, the control circuit 20 turns on the semiconductor switch 2 and turns on the semiconductor switch 2.
By controlling the OFF ratio, an arbitrary output voltage V OUT lower than the voltage V IN of the DC power supply 1 is supplied to the load 6 here.
【０００４】直流電源から電圧を降圧して直流電力を取
り出す直流−直流変換装置の別の例として、図５に示す
ようなリニアレギュレータ形直流−直流変換装置もあ
る。これは、ＶINとＶOUT との差電圧を電圧調整回路７
で降下させることにより、ＶOUT に一定の電圧を供給す
る。したがって、効率ηは次式に示すように略ＶINとＶ
OUT との比となる。 η＝ＶOUT ／ＶIN なお、降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変換装置はリニアレギ
ュレータ形直流−直流変換装置に比べて高効率であるた
め、中，大容量の直流−直流変換装置として広く用いら
れている。As another example of a DC-DC converter for taking out DC power by lowering a voltage from a DC power supply, there is a linear regulator type DC-DC converter as shown in FIG. This is because the voltage difference between V IN and V OUT is
To supply a constant voltage to V OUT . Therefore, the efficiency η is approximately V IN and V
It is the ratio to OUT . η = V OUT / V IN Since step-down chopper type DC-DC converters have higher efficiency than linear regulator type DC-DC converters, they are widely used as medium- and large-capacity DC-DC converters. I have.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】通常、半導体スイッチ
のオン，オフを行なう場合には、スイッチング周波数に
比例して半導体スイッチの駆動損失が発生する。例え
ば、スイッチがＭＯＳＦＥＴの場合、各端子間には図６
に示すような寄生容量Ｃoss ，Ｃiss ，Ｃrss が存在
し、オン，オフによりこれらの寄生容量を充放電するこ
とで損失が発生する。このような半導体スイッチの駆動
損失は出力に関係なく一定であるため、降圧チョッパ形
直流−直流変換装置では、軽負荷時には半導体スイッチ
の駆動損失が支配的となり効率が著しく低下するという
問題がある。Normally, when a semiconductor switch is turned on and off, a drive loss of the semiconductor switch occurs in proportion to the switching frequency. For example, when the switch is a MOSFET, the voltage between each terminal is as shown in FIG.
The parasitic capacitances C oss , C iss , and C rss as shown in FIG. 1 exist, and loss occurs when these parasitic capacitances are charged and discharged by turning on and off. Since the driving loss of such a semiconductor switch is constant irrespective of the output, the step-down chopper type DC-DC converter has a problem that the driving loss of the semiconductor switch becomes dominant at light load and the efficiency is remarkably reduced.
【０００６】図７は降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変換装置
とリニアレギュレータ形直流−直流変換装置の効率を比
較して示す一例であるが、降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変
換装置の効率は、或る出力以下の軽負荷時にはリニアレ
ギュレータ形直流−直流変換装置よりも低くなることが
分かる。したがって、この発明の課題は、降圧チョッパ
形直流−直流変換装置における軽負荷時の効率を向上さ
せることにある。FIG. 7 is an example showing a comparison between the efficiency of a step-down chopper type DC-DC converter and the efficiency of a linear regulator type DC-DC converter. The efficiency of the step-down chopper type DC-DC converter is a certain output. It can be seen that the load is lower than that of the linear regulator type DC-DC converter at the following light loads. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of a step-down chopper type DC-DC converter at a light load.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】このような課題を解決す
べく、この発明では、半導体スイッチのオン，オフによ
り直流電圧の変換を行なう降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変
換装置において、その軽負荷時には、前記半導体スイッ
チをオン，オフ動作から増幅器動作に切り換えるように
している。In order to solve such a problem, the present invention provides a step-down chopper type DC-DC converter which converts a DC voltage by turning on and off a semiconductor switch. The semiconductor switch is switched from an on / off operation to an amplifier operation.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】図１はこの発明の第１の実施の形
態を示す回路図である。同図からも明らかなように、こ
れは図４に示す降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変換装置の制
御回路２０に、出力電圧フィードバック回路２１の出力
とＰＷＭ回路２２の出力を切り換えるための切換スイッ
チ２３を追加した構成となっている。以下、図２の動作
波形図も参照して、その動作を説明する。なお、図２の
ＶDS，ＶGSは半導体スイッチ２のドレイン−ソース間電
圧，ゲート−ソース間電圧を、またＩL は直流リアクト
ル４を流れる電流，ＩO は出力電流をそれぞれ示してい
る。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. As is apparent from FIG. 4, this is achieved by providing a control circuit 20 of the step-down chopper type DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 4 with a switch 23 for switching the output of the output voltage feedback circuit 21 and the output of the PWM circuit 22. The configuration has been added. Hereinafter, the operation will be described with reference to the operation waveform diagram of FIG. Incidentally, V DS, V GS of Figure 2 the drain of the semiconductor switch 2 - source voltage, the gate - source voltage, also flows through the I L DC reactor 4 current, the I O shows the output current, respectively.
【０００９】図１の構成において、定格出力の場合に
は、切換スイッチ２３をＰＷＭ回路２２側に切り換え
る。これにより、半導体スイッチ２は図２のようにオ
ン，オフ動作し、図１の回路は降圧チョッパ形直流−直
流変換装置として動作する。これに対し、軽負荷の場合
には、切換スイッチ２３を出力電圧フィードバック回路
２１側に切り換える。このとき、半導体スイッチ２のゲ
ート（またはベース）には、ＶOUT が所定の電圧となる
ように直接負帰還が掛かり、半導体スイッチ２は小信号
で駆動される増幅器動作となる。このため、図１の回路
はリニアレギュレータ形直流−直流変換装置として動作
することになる。In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, in the case of the rated output, the changeover switch 23 is switched to the PWM circuit 22 side. As a result, the semiconductor switch 2 turns on and off as shown in FIG. 2, and the circuit of FIG. 1 operates as a step-down chopper type DC-DC converter. On the other hand, when the load is light, the changeover switch 23 is switched to the output voltage feedback circuit 21 side. At this time, negative feedback is directly applied to the gate (or base) of the semiconductor switch 2 so that V OUT becomes a predetermined voltage, and the semiconductor switch 2 performs an amplifier operation driven by a small signal. Therefore, the circuit of FIG. 1 operates as a linear regulator type DC-DC converter.
【００１０】図３はこの発明の第２の実施の形態を示す
回路図である。これは、出力電圧フィードバック回路２
１を図１のように共用せず、切換スイッチ２３の切り換
え端子対応に設けるようにした点が特徴で、その他の点
は図１と同様なので詳細は省略する。FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. This is the output voltage feedback circuit 2
1 is not shared as shown in FIG. 1, but is provided in correspondence with the switching terminal of the changeover switch 23. The other points are the same as in FIG.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、軽負荷時に半導体ス
イッチをオン，オフ動作から増幅器動作に切り換えるこ
とで、半導体スイッチの駆動損失を低減し、軽負荷時の
効率をリニアレギュレータ形直流−直流変換装置と同等
にすることができる。その結果、電源の定格出力におけ
る高効率化と、軽負荷時における低消費電力化を両立で
きるという利点が得られる。According to the present invention, the drive loss of the semiconductor switch is reduced by switching the semiconductor switch from the ON / OFF operation to the amplifier operation at the time of light load, and the efficiency at the time of light load is reduced by the linear regulator type DC-DC. It can be equivalent to a conversion device. As a result, there is obtained an advantage that both high efficiency at the rated output of the power supply and low power consumption at a light load can be achieved.
【図１】この発明の第１の実施の形態を示す回路図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の各部波形図である。FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of each part in FIG.
【図３】この発明の第２の実施の形態を示す回路図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】第１の従来例を示す回路図である。FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a first conventional example.
【図５】第２の従来例を示す回路図である。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a second conventional example.
【図６】寄生容量の説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a parasitic capacitance.
【図７】第１，第２の従来例効率の比較説明図である。FIG. 7 is a comparative explanatory diagram of the efficiencies of the first and second conventional examples.
１…直流電源、２…半導体スイッチ、３…還流ダイオー
ド、４…直流リアクトル、５…コンデンサ、６…負荷、
７…電圧調整回路、１０…チョッパ形直流−直流変換装
置主回路、２０…制御回路、２１，２１ａ，２１ｂ…出
力電圧フィードバック回路、２２…ＰＷＭ（パルス幅変
調）回路、２３…切換スイッチ。DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... DC power supply, 2 ... Semiconductor switch, 3 ... Reflux diode, 4 ... DC reactor, 5 ... Capacitor, 6 ... Load
7: voltage adjustment circuit, 10: chopper type DC-DC converter main circuit, 20: control circuit, 21, 21a, 21b: output voltage feedback circuit, 22: PWM (pulse width modulation) circuit, 23: changeover switch.
Claims (1)
電圧の変換を行なう降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変換装置
において、その軽負荷時には、前記半導体スイッチをオ
ン，オフ動作から増幅器動作に切り換えることを特徴と
する降圧チョッパ形直流−直流変換装置の制御方法。1. A step-down chopper type DC-DC converter for converting a DC voltage by turning on and off a semiconductor switch, wherein the semiconductor switch is switched from an on-off operation to an amplifier operation at a light load. Of controlling a step-down chopper type DC-DC converter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14536398A JP3802678B2 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-05-27 | Control method of step-down chopper type DC-DC converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14536398A JP3802678B2 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-05-27 | Control method of step-down chopper type DC-DC converter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11341797A true JPH11341797A (en) | 1999-12-10 |
| JP3802678B2 JP3802678B2 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
Family
ID=15383483
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14536398A Expired - Fee Related JP3802678B2 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-05-27 | Control method of step-down chopper type DC-DC converter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3802678B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6489756B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-12-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | DC-DC converter with switchable control mode |
| JP2003525013A (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2003-08-19 | ケイデンス・デザイン・システムズ・インコーポレーテッド | Power converter mode conversion method and device |
| JP2006331080A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Fuji Electric Device Technology Co Ltd | Power circuit |
| DE10339025B4 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2013-08-14 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Power system |
| JP2013191461A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | Lighting power supply and lighting device |
| JP2013191460A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | Illumination power supply and illumination device |
| JP2016139615A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-08-04 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Illumination power source and illumination device |
| JP2016149771A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2016-08-18 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing semiconductor device |
-
1998
- 1998-05-27 JP JP14536398A patent/JP3802678B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003525013A (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2003-08-19 | ケイデンス・デザイン・システムズ・インコーポレーテッド | Power converter mode conversion method and device |
| US6489756B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-12-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | DC-DC converter with switchable control mode |
| DE10339025B4 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2013-08-14 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Power system |
| JP2006331080A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Fuji Electric Device Technology Co Ltd | Power circuit |
| JP2016149771A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2016-08-18 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing semiconductor device |
| JP2013191461A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | Lighting power supply and lighting device |
| JP2013191460A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | Illumination power supply and illumination device |
| JP2016139615A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-08-04 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Illumination power source and illumination device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3802678B2 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
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