JPH1133847A - Piston inserting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily allow the axis of a cylinder to coincide with the axis of a ring guide. SOLUTION: A piston inserting device inserts a piston 7 into a cylinder 21 in a block 3 from the crank shaft side, and is equipped with a cylindrical ring guide 55 to lead the piston to the cylinder in the condition that the piston rings 12 are contracted diametrically, a male taper formed at the forefront of the ring guide to fit to the female taper formed at the open end of the cylinder, a holder 54 to support the ring guide with a certain degree of freedom in the radial direction, and a holder moving mechanism 56 which advances and retreats the holder in the axial direction of cylinder.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a piston insertion device for inserting a piston into a cylinder of a cylinder block in an engine assembly process.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A piston insertion device for inserting a piston with a piston ring and a connecting rod attached thereto into a cylinder is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 60-5797.
No. 7, there is an "Assembly device for pistons". According to the above technique, according to FIGS. 7 and 10 of the publication, four pistons P... (The numbers cited are those described in the publication.
same as below. ) Are inserted into the cylinder bores Sb by the following procedure. Insert the pistons P into the holding cylinders 49A to 49D of the insertion head 6.
Press into. The insertion head 6 is moved forward and stopped at a position slightly before the front end thereof hits the cylinder head mounting surface Sh. The guide forks 88A to 88D are inserted into the cylinder bores Sb. Push plates 68A to 68D and guide forks 88A to 88D
Then, the connecting rods C are inserted into the cylinder bores Sb while sandwiching the connecting rods C with the pistons P.

According to the above technique, according to FIGS. 7 and 10 of the publication, a piston holding cylinder 49A
To 49D (corresponding to a ring guide) so that the pistons P and cylinder bores Sb are slightly displaced, so that the piston holding cylinders 49A to 49D move following the piston P. It is.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned prior art merely uses the insertion head 6 to move the piston holding cylinders 49A to 49A.
It has a structure that only supports D so that it can float, and has a gap between the piston holding cylinders 49A to 49D and the cylinder head mounting surface Sh. In such a configuration,
With respect to the axis of the cylinder bores Sb.
If the axes of A to 49D are shifted, the pistons P may not be inserted smoothly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of easily matching the axis of a cylinder with the axis of a ring guide.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a piston insertion device for inserting a piston into a cylinder of a cylinder block from a crankshaft side. A cylindrical ring guide that guides the piston to the cylinder with the piston ring reduced in diameter, a male taper formed at the tip of the ring guide to fit into the female taper formed at the open end of the cylinder, and a ring guide A holder is provided which supports the holder with a degree of freedom in the radial direction, and a holder moving mechanism which moves the holder back and forth in the axial direction of the cylinder.

A male taper on the ring guide side is inserted into a female taper on the cylinder side. At this time, if the axis of the cylinder is not aligned with the axis of the ring guide, the ring guide moves in the radial direction, and the two axes are automatically aligned. With the ring guide set at the open end of the cylinder, the piston with the piston ring is inserted into the ring guide and pushed forward, whereby the piston can be inserted into the cylinder.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings should be viewed in the direction of reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an engine according to the present invention. An engine 1 is a single-cylinder general-purpose engine employing an OHC (overhead cam) system. For more information,
Engine 1 has crankcase 2, cylinder block 3,
A head cover 4, a crankshaft 5, a connecting rod 6 (hereinafter simply referred to as a "connecting rod 6"), a piston 7, a valve operating mechanism 8, and a spark plug 9 are main components. The piston 7 pin-connected to the crankshaft 5 via the connecting rod 6
In this case, the cylinder head side is closed, and the inner cylinder 21 is fitted.

The crankcase 2 and the cylinder block 3 are divided by a diagonal dividing surface (flange mating surface) M, and the flanges are bolted to each other. For this reason, by changing the direction of the cylinder block 3 with respect to the crankcase 2, the engine 1 can be changed between a vertically mounted type shown in the figure and a horizontal type not shown. The cam mechanism driving timing belt 11 is of a type with a built-in engine. In the figure, 12 ... (... indicates a plurality, the same applies hereinafter) denotes a plurality of piston rings, 13 denotes a pulley for a timing belt, 14
Is an oil slinger, 15 and 16 are oil seals, and 17 is a cooling fan.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the cylinder block according to the present invention, and shows a state where the cylinder block 3 is set horizontally on the pallet P. Specifically, the cylinder block 3 is placed in a horizontal state by setting a plurality of legs 22 integrally formed on the outer surface of the cylinder block 3 on the pallet P. For this reason, the cylinder axis S becomes horizontal, and the dividing surface M
Is obliquely upward, and the open end 21a (crankshaft side) of the cylinder 21 is inward of the division surface M. The open end 21a of the cylinder is formed with a female taper 21b having an angle θ (for example, about 60 °). Further, the cylinder block 3 is characterized in that an upper opening positioning hole 23 is formed in an upper part in the figure in the figure. In the figure, 24 is a flange, 25 is a crankshaft bearing hole, and 26 is a timing belt insertion hole.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the piston insertion device according to the present invention. The piston insertion device 30 is provided with the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 3 set horizontally as shown in FIG.
1 is a device for automatically inserting a piston 7 (hereinafter referred to as a "piston semi-assembly A") with a piston ring 12 ... and a connecting rod 6 attached thereto. Specifically, the piston insertion device 30 includes a block transport conveyor 31 that sequentially transports the cylinder blocks 3 set horizontally on the pallet P to a predetermined insertion position, and a ring guide set mechanism that sets the ring guide 55 on the cylinder block 3. 32
, A piston transport conveyor 33 for sequentially transporting the piston half-assemblies A, a transport mechanism 34 for transporting the piston half-assemblies A one by one from the piston transport conveyor 33 into the ring guide 55, and a transport into the ring guide 55. And a pushing mechanism 35 for pushing the piston half-assembly A into the cylinder 21. Details of the ring guide 55 will be described later (FIG. 6 and thereafter).

The ring guide set mechanism 32 has an upside-down L
The vertical drive mechanism 42 is attached to the horizontal beam 41 a on the upper part of the stand 41, and the subset mechanism 50 is attached to the lower part of the vertical drive mechanism 42.
The vertical drive mechanism 42 uses the air cylinder 43 to move the lower arm 4
The lowering arm 44 has a hanger 51 of a subset mechanism 50 attached thereto via an elastic member 45. The elastic member 45 is a member that absorbs the displacement of the subset mechanism 50 with respect to the descending arm 44, and is made of rubber or the like.

The conveyor belt 33 includes a belt 33.
a, which comprises a belt conveyer on which the piston semi-assemblies A are placed horizontally and conveyed to the vicinity of the cylinder block 3. The transfer mechanism 34 includes, for example, a stand 34a, a side rail 34b, a first beam 34c moving forward and backward on the side rail 34b, a second beam 34d moving left and right on the first beam 34c, and a vertical This is a transfer robot comprising a piston gripping mechanism 34e that moves and grips the piston subassembly A. Thereby, the piston gripping mechanism 34e is movable in the front-rear, left-right and up-down directions.
The pushing mechanism 35 is provided with a cylinder axis S of the cylinder block 3.
Above is a mechanism for moving the pushing fork 35b forward and backward (horizontal movement) by the air cylinder 35a.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the piston insertion device according to the present invention, and shows a plan layout of a block transport conveyor 31, a ring guide set mechanism 32, a piston transport conveyor 33, a transfer mechanism 34, and a pushing mechanism 35. The block transport conveyor 31 transports the cylinder blocks 3 from the bottom of the figure to the center insertion position, and temporarily stops at this insertion position.
This is a conveyor that conveys upward again in the figure after completion of insertion of the piston.

FIGS. 5A to 5C are explanatory views of a piston gripping mechanism according to the present invention, wherein FIG.
Is a side view of a state in which is gripped by a piston gripping mechanism 34e of the transfer mechanism 34, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line bb of (a), (c)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line cc of FIG. Piston gripping mechanism 3
4e, the pair of left and right grips 34f, 34f
The connecting rod 6 is grasped from both sides while being applied to the end of the skirt.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view around the subset mechanism according to the present invention. The subset mechanism 50 includes a hanger 51,
A positioning pin 52 for setting the hanger 51 in the positioning hole 23, a positioning table 53 for positioning the hanger 51 on the dividing surface M (flange 24), and an axial direction of the cylinder 21 (a direction parallel to the cylinder axis S). ), A cylindrical ring guide 55 (supported in a floating state) supported by the holder 54 with a degree of freedom in the radial direction, and a holder 54 that moves in the axial direction of the cylinder 21. The holder moving mechanism 56 to be operated.

More specifically, the positioning pin 52 is
These pins are fixed to one horizontal substrate 51a with bolts 57. The positioning table 53 is lowered from the substrate 51a of the hanger 51, forms an oblique flange 53a at the lower end thereof, and mounts the flange 53a so as to match the division surface M. The position of the subset mechanism 50 with respect to the cylinder block 3 is determined by fitting the positioning pin 52 into the positioning hole 23 (first positioning) and fitting the flange 53a to the division surface M (second positioning).

The holder 54 lowers a vertical plate 62 from a horizontal substrate 61 which can move in the axial direction of the cylinder 21, and opens a notch hole 62 a which is open downward at the center of the vertical plate 62, and inserts the notch hole 62 a into the notch hole 62 a. The ring guide 55 penetrates the ring guide 55, and the flange 55a of the ring guide 55 is overlapped with the vertical plate 62, and the vertical plate 62 and the flange 55a are loosely connected by a plurality of pins 63.

Specifically, the diameter of the notch hole 62a is larger than the outer diameter of the ring guide 55, the diameter of the pin holes 55b of the flange 55a is larger than the diameter of the pins 63, and the length of the pins 63. The flange 55a is a ring guide 55
Large enough to be able to move slightly in the axial direction. For this reason,
The holder 54 can loosely connect the ring guide 55 radially and axially so that the ring guide 55 can be slightly swung. That is, the ring guide 55
Can be supported with a degree of freedom in the radial direction as well as in the axial direction. The axis of the notch hole 62a and the axis of the ring guide 55 are lines that coincide with the cylinder axis S when the position of the subset mechanism 50 with respect to the cylinder block 3 is determined as a result of the first and second positionings.

The ring guide 55 is a cylindrical body (cylindrical) for guiding the piston 7 to the cylinder 21 in a state where the diameter of the piston rings 12 shown by imaginary lines is reduced.
The front end is fitted to the open end 21a (see FIG. 2) of the cylinder 21, and a female taper 55c having a gentle angle is formed at the rear end. The female taper 55c is a taper that gradually reduces the diameter of the piston rings 12 by inserting the piston 7 with the piston rings 12.

The holder moving mechanism 56 includes an air cylinder 71 mounted on the substrate 51a of the hanger 51 and an air cylinder 7
And a drive arm 72 attached to one rod 71a. The drive arm 72 is formed by bolting the holder 54. 51b is a through hole formed in the substrate 51a. By the way, in the piston insertion device 30 (see FIG. 3), the position where the piston 7 is inserted into the cylinder 21 is a position where the top of the piston 7 has a predetermined gap C from the top dead center with respect to the cylinder 21.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6, and a pair of right and left rails 81, 8 are provided on the lower surface of the substrate 51a of the hanger 51.
1 are attached by bolts 82, 82, sliders 83, 83 are movably suspended on the rails 81, 81, and the horizontal substrate 61 is attached to these sliders 83, 83 by bolts 84, and the driving arm 72 is attached to the horizontal substrate 61. To bolt 85,
85 indicates that it was mounted. More specifically, the rail 81 is a rectangular cross-section that extends in the front-rear direction (the front and back direction in the figure) and has grooves on both sides. The slider 83 has a suspended structure in which a substantially groove-shaped groove which is open upward is formed, and this groove is hung on the rail 81.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 6, and shows the positioning tables 53, 5 lowered from the substrate 51a of the hanger 51.
3 indicates that a pair of left and right sides is formed, and that obliquely oriented flanges 53a, 53a are formed at the lower ends thereof, and that the flange 55a of the ring guide 55 and the vertical plate 62 are connected by three pins 63. Show.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion 9 in FIG. 6, in which a male taper 55d is attached to the tip of the ring guide 55 in order to fit the female taper 21b formed at the open end 21a of the cylinder 21.
Is formed. The angle of the male taper 55d is the same as the angle θ of the female taper 21b (see FIGS. 2 and 6). To exemplify the dimensional relationship, (1) the length L ₁ of the female taper 21b is 2 to 3 mm, more preferably 2 mm. (2) the length L ₂ from the back end to the front end of the ring guide 55 of the female taper 21b, the piston rings 12 (see FIG. 6)
Is smaller than the width dimension. For example, if the width of the piston ring 12 is 1 mm, the length L ₂ is preferably sized not exceeding 0.5 mm. This is because the piston ring 12 can smoothly move from the hole of the ring guide 55 to the cylinder 21. (3) the length L ₃ of the male taper 55d is 1 to 2 mm, more preferably set appropriately 1 mm. For example, if the length L ₁ is 2
mm and the length L ₂ are 0.5 mm, the length L ₃ is 1
mm is preferable.

As described above, the angle θ is set to about 60 ° (about 60 °).
°), the male taper 55d becomes
It is easily guided by b. For this reason, the cylinder axis S
Even if the axis of the ring guide 55 is slightly deviated from
The alignment of the axes is easy. Further, by setting the angle θ to about 60 ° and setting the lengths L _{1 to} L ₃ substantially to the above-mentioned dimensions, the tip of the ring guide 55 is formed at the fitting portion between the female and male tapers 21b and 55d. The supporting stiffness when supporting is large. Furthermore, the inner diameter D ₁ of the ring guide 55
Slightly smaller diameter (e.g. 0 than the inner diameter D ₂ of the cylinder 21.
The diameter of the pinson ring 12 attached to the piston 7 in FIG. 6 can be smoothly moved from the inside of the ring guide 55 to the inside of the cylinder 21.

Next, the operation of the piston insertion device 30 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 17 show a piston insertion device according to the present invention (parts 1 to 8).
FIG. 4 shows that the piston insertion device 30 automatically inserts the piston half body A into the cylinder 21 in the following order. First, in FIG. 10, the cylinder block 3 set on the pallet P is transported to the center insertion position. Thereafter, the lowering arm 44 is lowered by the air cylinder 43 to lower the subset mechanism 50.

In FIG. 11, when the subset mechanism 50 is lowered to a predetermined position, the positioning pin 5 is inserted into the positioning hole 23.
2 is fitted, and the oblique flange 53a overlaps the oblique split surface M, whereby the position of the subset mechanism 50 with respect to the cylinder block 3 is determined. That is,
The position of the axis of the ring guide 55 with respect to the cylinder axis S is determined. Next, the holder 54 is advanced toward the cylinder 21 by advancing the drive arm 72 with the air cylinder 71. For this reason, the ring guide 55 advances toward the open end 21a of the cylinder 21.

In FIG. 12, the male taper 55d of the ring guide 55 is fitted to the female taper 21b of the cylinder 21. As a result, the tip of the ring guide 55 is
Fits the open end of By the way, since the male taper 55d is guided by the female taper 21b, the position of the tip of the ring guide 55 with respect to the open end of the cylinder 21 is automatically determined. At this time, the ring guide 5 with respect to the cylinder axis S
Even if the axis of 5 is slightly deviated, the ring guide 55 moves in the radial direction because the ring guide 55 is supported by the holder 54 (see FIG. 11) with a degree of freedom in the radial direction.
For this reason, the axes automatically match. That is, if the cylinder axis S and the axis of the ring guide 55 do not match, the ring guide 55 moves in the radial direction, and the two axes automatically match. Next, the piston half assembly A is transferred to the rear end of the ring guide 55 by the piston gripping mechanism 34e,
It is inserted into the ring guide 55 from the rear end side. That is, the insertion direction is a direction from the crankshaft 5 side to the cylinder 21 side in FIG.

In FIG. 13, the piston gripping mechanism 34e
Inserts the piston half-assembly A halfway so as to gradually reduce the diameter of the piston rings 12 with the female taper 55c, and then retracts to the original standby position. Next, the air cylinder 35
By moving the fork 35b forward with a, the piston semi-assembly A is pushed into the cylinder 21. By the way, the piston rings 12 perform a radially expanding action in the ring guide 55. For this reason, there is frictional resistance between the piston rings 12 and the inside of the ring guide 55, and the fork 35
When pushed in at b, the ring guide 55 is pressed against the cylinder 21. Therefore, the fitting state between the female taper 21b and the male taper 55d is appropriately maintained.

In FIG. 14, the air cylinder 35a is
The fork 35b that has pushed the piston half-assembly A to the predetermined position of the cylinder 21 is retracted.

In FIG. 15, after the fork 35b has retreated to the original standby position, the drive arm 72 is retracted by the air cylinder 71, whereby the holder 54 is moved to the cylinder 2 position.
Step back from 1. Therefore, the ring guide 55 retreats from the cylinder 21.

In FIG. 16, the lowering arm 44 is raised by the air cylinder 43 to raise the subset mechanism 50 to the standby position.

In FIG. 17, the cylinder block 3 in which the piston subassembly A is inserted is transported again to the next step by the block transport conveyor 31 shown in FIG. Thus, one cycle of the piston automatic insertion process is completed.

In the above embodiment, the engine 1 is not limited to a single-cylinder general-purpose engine.
For example, a multi-cylinder engine may be used. Engine 1
In addition to the configuration in which the cylinder head side of the cylinder block 3 is closed, an open configuration may be used.
The open end will be closed by the cylinder head and the head cover. The division surface M between the crankcase 2 and the cylinder block 3 is not limited to an oblique division surface, and may be, for example, a division surface on the axis of the crankshaft 5 and parallel to this axis. The holder 54 may be configured to support the ring guide 55 with a degree of freedom in the radial direction. Air cylinder 3
5a, 43, and 71 may be replaced with another drive source, for example, a hydraulic cylinder or a motor.

[0035]

According to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited by the above configuration. (1) Since a ring guide is employed and the piston is inserted into the cylinder via the ring guide, the piston can be easily and reliably inserted into the cylinder of the cylinder block. In particular, even for a cylinder block with the cylinder head side closed as in a general-purpose engine,
The piston can be easily inserted. (2) Since a male taper is provided at the tip of the ring guide and this male taper is fitted to the female taper on the cylinder side, the axis of the ring guide can be favorably aligned with the axis of the cylinder. (3) Even if the axis of the ring guide is displaced from the axis of the cylinder before setting, the ring guide can be moved in the radial direction, so that the axes of both members can be easily adjusted. (4) Therefore, according to the present invention, the piston can be efficiently and easily set in the recessed cylinder, and the assembling time can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a cylinder block according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the piston insertion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a piston insertion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a piston gripping mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view around a subset mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6;

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 6;

9 is an enlarged view of a part 9 in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is an operation view of a piston insertion device according to the present invention (part 1).

FIG. 11 is an operation diagram (part 2) of the piston insertion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an operation diagram (part 3) of the piston insertion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an operation diagram (part 4) of the piston insertion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an operation view (part 5) of the piston insertion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an operation view of the piston insertion device according to the present invention (part 6).

FIG. 16 is an operation diagram (part 7) of the piston insertion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an operation view (part 8) of the piston insertion device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Engine, 3 ... Cylinder block, 5 ... Crankshaft, 6 ... Connecting rod, 7 ... Piston, 12
... piston ring, 21 ... cylinder, 21a ... open end,
21b ... female taper, 30 ... piston insertion device, 54 ... holder, 55 ... ring guide, 55b ... pin hole, 55d ...
Male taper, 56: Holder moving mechanism, 62a: Notch hole,
63: pin, M: dividing line, S: cylinder axis.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Teruo Yoshioka 1-10-1, Shinsayama, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture Honda Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A piston insertion device for inserting a piston into a cylinder of a cylinder block from a crankshaft side, wherein the piston insertion device guides the piston to the cylinder while reducing the diameter of a piston ring. A ring guide, a male taper formed at the tip of the ring guide for fitting into a female taper formed at the open end of the cylinder, and a holder for supporting the ring guide with a degree of freedom in the radial direction. And a holder moving mechanism for moving the holder in the axial direction of the cylinder.