JPH11334338A - Shock absorber for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To operate a shock absorber with a good responsiveness when the posture of a car body is changed, by applying a structure to block the transmission of the vibration of a wheel by using a damper rubber. SOLUTION: An inner side pressure receiving member 7 is provided at the center in the expansion direction of a damper rubber 4, and a first and a second oil chambers 8 and 9 are formed at both ends of the damper rubber 4. The inner side pressure receiving member 7 is connected to either one side of shock absorber units 1 and 2 provided to a car body by making a pair, and a shock absorber unit installing member. A cylinder 3a to hold the both ends of the damper rubber 4 is connected to the other side of them. The two oil chambers 8 and 9 are connected to the oil chambers 8 and 9 of the other side damper rubber 4 for shock absorber through two hydraulic pressure transmission systems.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicular shock absorber in which a damper rubber is interposed in a support system of a shock absorber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, a shock absorber mounted on an automobile has been proposed to prevent the vibration of the wheel side from being transmitted to the vehicle body via the shock absorber as much as possible. Damper rubber is interposed between the shock absorber mounting member on the vehicle body side. In an automobile, a shock absorber is provided for each wheel, and a damper rubber is mounted on at least one of a wheel side end and a vehicle body side end of these shock absorbers. In some motorcycles, damper rubber is interposed in each of the shock absorber support systems of the shock absorber on the front fork side and the shock absorber on the rear arm side.

[0003]

However, the conventional shock absorber constructed as described above uses a damper rubber to transmit the minute vibration generated when the wheel passes through small unevenness on the road to the vehicle body side. If the damper rubber can be prevented, the damper rubber is likely to be elastically deformed, so that the posture of the vehicle body may be changed in a state where the damping force of the shock absorber does not occur at the start of turning or sudden stop.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and employs a structure in which vibration of wheels is prevented from being transmitted to the vehicle body via a shock absorber by a damper rubber. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle shock absorber in which a shock absorber operates with good responsiveness when the posture changes.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a shock absorber for a vehicle, wherein an inner pressure receiving member is provided at a central portion of the damper rubber in the direction of expansion and contraction of the shock absorber, and the inner pressure receiving member is provided between the shock absorber and the shock absorber mounting member. Connect to one of them,
An outer pressure receiving member for sandwiching both ends of the damper rubber in the direction of expansion and contraction is connected to the other of these, and first and second oil chambers are provided inside the damper rubber and at both ends in the direction of expansion and contraction. The first and second oil chambers are formed so as to face each other with the pressure receiving member interposed therebetween. The first and second oil chambers are connected to the other oil chamber of the damper rubber for the shock absorber by two hydraulic transmission systems, and the damper for the one shock absorber is used. The oil chamber that is compressed when the shock absorber of rubber is compressed and the oil chamber that is compressed when the shock absorber of the other damper rubber for rubber is expanded communicate with each other.

According to the present invention, when the pair of shock absorbers operate in opposite directions, the oil pressure of the compression-side oil chamber of one damper rubber and the oil pressure of the compression-side oil chamber of the other damper rubber are added. As a result, the rigidity of the damper rubber becomes relatively high. When the pair of shock absorbers operate in the same direction as each other, the oil pressure of the compression-side oil chamber of one damper rubber and the oil pressure of the extension-side oil chamber of the other damper rubber cancel each other, and the rigidity of the damper rubber is relatively reduced. Lower.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle shock absorber in the vehicle shock absorber according to the above-described invention, wherein a communication passage for connecting two hydraulic transmission systems to each other is formed, and a throttle member is interposed in the communication passage. Things. According to the present invention, by changing the throttle amount of the throttle member, it is possible to change the hydraulic pressure when the pair of shock absorbers operate in opposite directions.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle shock absorbing device according to the above-described invention, wherein an accumulator is connected to a hydraulic transmission system via a flow rate restricting means, and the flow rate restricting means is connected to a hydraulic transmission from the accumulator. The configuration is such that oil is allowed to flow into the system, and the outflow of oil from the hydraulic transmission system to the accumulator is restricted by a throttle.

According to the present invention, when the oil in the hydraulic transmission system decreases, the oil is replenished from the accumulator,
When the volume of the oil increases due to the temperature rise, the oil flows out of the hydraulic transmission system to the accumulator.

A vehicle shock absorber according to another aspect of the present invention is the vehicle shock absorber according to the first aspect of the present invention.
A damper rubber having an oil chamber is interposed between the end portion of the shock absorber on the vehicle body frame side and the shock absorber mounting member on the vehicle body frame side, and pipes constituting two hydraulic transmission systems are supported on the vehicle body frame. It is.

According to the present invention, since the pipe constituting the hydraulic transmission system can be fixed to the vehicle body frame, the pipe can be formed only of a high-rigidity pipe such as a metal pipe.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vehicle shock absorber according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a shock absorber for a vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG.

In these figures, reference numerals 1 and 2 indicate a shock absorber according to this embodiment. These shock absorbers 1 and 2 have a conventionally known hydraulic type structure in which a piston (not shown) is inserted into a cylinder 3 and are mounted on a vehicle body (not shown) so as to form a pair.

To mount the shock absorbers 1 and 2 to the vehicle body, the lower end of the cylinder 3 is connected to a wheel-side shock absorber mounting member (not shown) via a damper rubber 4 which will be described later. 5 is connected to a shock absorber mounting member (not shown) on the vehicle body side. In addition, what is indicated by reference numeral 6 in FIG. 1 is a spring for a suspension device.

The damper rubber 4 is formed in an annular shape and has an inner pressure receiving member 7 formed of a cylindrical body fixed at the center thereof, and is integrally formed at the lower end of the cylinder 3 so that the axial direction thereof is directed horizontally. It is fitted and fixed inside the cylinder 3a. In this embodiment, the cylinder 3a constitutes the outer pressure receiving member according to the present invention. A wheel-side shock absorber mounting member (not shown) is fixed to the inner pressure receiving member 7. That is, the damper rubber 4 is interposed between the inner pressure receiving member 7 on the shock absorber mounting member side and the cylinder 3a of the shock absorbers 1 and 2.

Further, the damper rubber 4 forms a first oil chamber 8 above the inner pressure receiving member 7 and a second oil chamber 9 below the inner pressure receiving member 7. 8 is formed so as to be opposed to the inner pressure receiving member 7. These oil chambers 8 and 9 are filled with oil, respectively, and connected to the damper rubber 4 of the other shock absorber by two hydraulic transmission systems. This hydraulic transmission system is formed by two pipes indicated by reference numerals 10 and 11 in FIG.

Among these pipes 10, 11, the pipe 10 connected to the first oil chamber 8 of the damper rubber 4 attached to the left shock absorber 1 in FIG. The other end is connected to the second oil chamber 9. The second damper rubber 4 on the side of the shock absorber 1
The other end of the pipe 11 connected to the oil chamber 9 is connected to the first oil chamber 8 of the damper rubber 4 on the side of the shock absorber 2.

That is, the hydraulic transmission system includes an oil chamber that is compressed when the shock absorber of the damper rubber 4 for one shock absorber contracts (when the piston rod 5 is lowered).
The other damper rubber 4 for the shock absorber communicates with the oil chamber which is compressed when the shock absorber is extended. The two pipes 10 and 11 are provided with a flexible pressure-resistant rubber pipe (not shown) or the like in the middle so that the other end can be displaced with respect to one end.

According to the shock absorber configured as described above, for example, when the shock absorber 1 located on the left side of FIG. 1 contracts and the shock absorber 2 located on the right side extends, for example, the two damper rubbers 4 The first oil chamber 8 of the damper rubber 4 on the side of the shock absorber 1 is compressed, and the second oil chamber 9 of the damper rubber 4 on the side of the shock absorber 2 is compressed. For this reason,
Oil does not flow through the pipe 10 communicating between the oil chambers 8 and 9, and the oil pressure in the pipe 10 is increased by adding the oil pressures of the oil chambers 8 and 9. In addition,
At this time, the other hydraulic transmission system increases the volume of the oil chamber (the second oil chamber 9 of the damper rubber 4 on the side of the shock absorber 1 and the first oil chamber 8 of the damper rubber 4 on the side of the shock absorber 2). Decrease. This phenomenon similarly occurs even when the shock absorber 1 extends and the shock absorber 2 contracts.

When the shock absorbers 1 and 2 operate in the same direction as each other, for example, when both the shock absorbers 1 and 2 contract, the first oil chamber 8 of both damper rubbers 4 is compressed and , The capacity of the second oil chamber 9 increases. At this time, the oil flows from the first oil chamber 8 on the compression side to the second oil chamber 9 of the other damper rubber 4.

That is, when the pair of shock absorbers 1 and 2 operate in opposite directions, the oil pressure of the compression-side oil chamber of one damper rubber 4 and the oil pressure of the compression-side oil chamber of the other damper rubber 4 are added. As a result, the rigidity of the damper rubber 4 becomes relatively high. In addition, a pair of shock absorbers 1
2 operate in the same direction, the oil pressure in the compression-side oil chamber of one damper rubber 4 and the oil pressure in the extension-side oil chamber of the other damper rubber 4 cancel each other, so that the rigidity of the damper rubber 4 is relatively low. Become.

In order to equip the four-wheeled vehicle such as an automobile with the shock absorber configured as described above, pipes 10 and 11 may be provided as shown in FIG. FIG.
, The vehicle body is indicated by a two-dot chain line A, and the front of the vehicle body is indicated by an arrow F.

FIG. 2A shows a pair of shock absorbers 1 for a front wheel.
2 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a pair of rear wheel shock absorbers 1 and 2 while applying the present invention. With such a configuration, in the case where the left and right wheels cross over a minute projection on a road such as a pedestrian crossing and simultaneously vibrate vertically, the rigidity of the damper rubber 4 becomes relatively low,
It is possible to prevent the minute vibration from being transmitted to the vehicle body A via the shock absorbers 1 and 2. Further, when the vehicle body A rolls at the time of cornering or the like, the rigidity of the damper rubber 4 is increased, and the shock absorbers 1 and 2 can be operated with good responsiveness.

FIG. 1B shows a front wheel shock absorber 1 on the left side of the vehicle body.
An example in which the present invention is applied to the shock absorber 2 for the rear wheel and the shock absorber for the front wheel 1 and the shock absorber 2 for the rear wheel on the right side of the vehicle body is shown. With this configuration, when the vehicle body A pitches, for example, at the time of sudden stop or sudden acceleration, the rigidity of the damper rubber 4 becomes relatively high, and the shock absorber 1,
2 can be operated with good responsiveness. When the vehicle body front part and the vehicle body rear part move in the same vertical direction, that is, at the time of bouncing, the rigidity of the damper rubber 4 becomes relatively low. The fact that the minute vibrations of the wheels are not transmitted to the vehicle body A is the same as in the case shown in FIG.

FIG. 2C shows a front wheel shock absorber 1 on the left side of the vehicle body.
An example is shown in which the present invention is applied to a shock absorber 2 for a rear wheel on the right side of a vehicle body, and is applied to a shock absorber 1 for a front wheel on the right side of the vehicle body and a shock absorber 2 for a rear wheel on the left side of the vehicle body. By adopting this configuration, when the vehicle body A rolls,
Damper rubber 4 for both pitching
Has relatively high rigidity.

Second Embodiment Two hydraulic transmission systems for connecting a pair of damper rubbers can be connected to each other via a throttle member as shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a vehicle shock absorber according to another invention. In the figure, the same or equivalent members as those described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

In the shock absorber shown in FIG. 3, a communication pipe 21 is connected to two pipes 10 and 11 forming a hydraulic transmission system so that the two hydraulic transmission systems communicate with each other. 21 is interposed. The aperture member 22 is
For example, it can be formed by an orifice or a throttle valve having a structure in which the cross-sectional area of an oil passage is increased or decreased by a needle valve.

As described above, the pipe 1 is
By adopting a structure for connecting the 0 and 11 to each other, the hydraulic pressure when the pair of shock absorbers 1 and 2 operate in opposite directions can be changed by changing the amount of throttle of the throttle member 22.

The throttle member 22 is connected to the pipe 10,
In addition to the connection to 11, the first oil chamber 8 and the second oil chamber 9 of the damper rubber 4 can be provided so as to communicate with each other as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Even with such a configuration, the same operation and effect as in the case of connecting to the pipes 10 and 11 can be obtained.

An accumulator denoted by reference numeral 23 in FIG. 3 can be connected to the hydraulic transmission system. The accumulator 23 is divided into an oil chamber 25N ₂ gas chamber 26 by a partition wall 24 having a flexible inside,
The oil chamber 25 is connected to the pipe 10 via a check valve 27.

The check valve 27 is formed so that oil can flow from the accumulator 23 to the pipe 10 with almost no resistance, and that only a small amount of oil can flow in the opposite direction. I have. Since a generally used check valve leaks to the extent that the fluid seeps in the reverse direction, an off-the-shelf check valve is used in this embodiment instead of a special check valve.

By connecting the check valve 27 to the pipe 10 as described above, the oil is replenished from the accumulator 23 when the oil in the hydraulic transmission system decreases, and the oil is replenished when the volume of the oil increases due to a rise in temperature. Pipe 1
It flows out from 0 to the accumulator 23. For this reason, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic transmission system can be kept constant.

Third Embodiment In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which a damper rubber is interposed between the cylinder of the shock absorber and the mounting member for the shock absorber.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the damper rubber can be interposed between the piston rod and the shock absorber mounting member.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views showing another embodiment in which damper rubber is interposed between the piston rod and the shock absorber mounting member. In these figures, FIG.
The same or equivalent members as those described with reference to FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The shock absorber 1 shown in FIG. 4 is mounted on a strut type suspension device. An annular pressure receiving plate 33 is fixed to a cylindrical body 32 rotatably mounted on a piston rod via a bearing 31. ing. The pressure receiving plate 33 constitutes an inner pressure receiving member according to the present invention. An inner peripheral portion of a cylindrical damper rubber 34 is fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 32 in a state where the pressure receiving plate 33 is buried in a vertically central portion of the damper rubber 34.

The outer peripheral portion of the damper rubber 34 is fixed to a mount member 36 fixed to the vehicle body frame 35. The mount member 36 includes an upper plate 36a fixed to the vehicle body frame 35 and a lower plate 36b welded to the upper plate 36a, and is formed so as to sandwich the damper rubber from above and below and surround the damper rubber from the side. . This mounting member 3
6 constitutes the outer pressure receiving member according to the present invention.

The damper rubber 34 forms a first oil chamber 37 above the pressure receiving plate 33 and a second oil chamber 38 below the pressure receiving plate 33. These first and second oil chambers 37 and 38 are
It is formed in an annular shape when viewed from above.

The pipe 39 connected to the first oil chamber 37
In this embodiment, the pipe 40 connected to the second oil chamber 38 is supported by a body frame 35 via a bracket (not shown). In FIG. 4, the reference numeral 41 provided on the shock absorber 1 denotes a rubber bump stop, and 42 denotes a cover for covering the sliding surface of the piston rod 5.

The piston rod 5 of the shock absorber 1 shown in FIG.
A pressure receiving plate 43 having a circular shape in a plan view is fixed to an upper end portion with bolts 44, and the pressure receiving plate 43 is connected to a mount member 47 on the vehicle body frame 46 side by damper rubber 45. The pressure receiving plate 43 forms an inner pressure receiving member according to the present invention, and the mount member 47 forms an outer pressure receiving member according to the present invention.

The damper rubber 45 is formed in an annular shape in plan view, and is attached to the mount member 47 in a state where the pressure receiving plate 43 is buried in the center in the vertical direction. The first oil chamber 48 in the damper rubber 45 is formed above the pressure receiving plate 43, and the second oil chamber 49 is formed below the pressure receiving plate 43.
Also in this case, the oil chambers 48 and 49 are formed in an annular shape in plan view. Further, the pipe 50 connected to the first oil chamber 48 and the second oil chamber 4
The pipes 51 connected to the pipe 9 are supported on the vehicle body frame 46 via brackets (not shown).

The mount member 47 includes an upper plate 47a and a lower plate 47b, and is formed so as to sandwich the damper rubber 45 from the up and down directions and surround the damper rubber 45 from the sides. In this embodiment, a suspension spring 6 is elastically mounted between the mount member 47 and the cylinder 3 of the shock absorber 1, so that the weight of the vehicle body is not applied to the damper rubber 45. Since the weight of the vehicle body is not added to the damper rubber 45, the range of selection of factors such as the size, material, and hardness of the damper rubber 45 can be widened, and the degree of freedom in designing the damper rubber 45 increases. Thus, the allowable hydraulic pressure of the pipes 50 and 51 constituting the hydraulic transmission system can be reduced.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, even when the damper rubbers 34, 45 are disposed on the piston rod 5 side of the shock absorber 1, the first and second oils of the damper rubbers 34, 45 are provided. The chamber is the first of the other damper rubbers 34, 45,
The second oil chamber is connected in the same manner as in the case shown in FIG.

4 and 5, the positions of the cushion rubbers 34 and 45 do not change when the shock absorber 1 expands and contracts. It can be formed only by such a highly rigid tube. For this reason, the pressure loss of the hydraulic transmission system is reduced as compared with a case where a rubber hose or the like is interposed in the hydraulic transmission system. Further, when the shock absorber shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is applied to a four-wheeled vehicle, a hydraulic transmission system can be piped as shown in FIG. Further, also in the shock absorber shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the throttle member 22 is provided between the two hydraulic transmission systems as shown in FIG.
And the accumulator 23 can be connected.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the pair of shock absorbers operate in the opposite directions, the oil pressure in the compression-side oil chamber of one damper rubber and the compression-side oil chamber of the other damper rubber. When the pair of shock absorbers operate in the same direction, the oil pressure in the compression-side oil chamber of one damper rubber and the oil pressure in the extension-side oil chamber of the other damper rubber cancel each other. Will be done.

Therefore, the rigidity of the damper rubber can be relatively increased when the shock absorbers operate in opposite directions, and the rigidity of the damper rubber can be relatively increased when the shock absorbers operate in the same direction. Can be lowered. For this reason, it is possible to both prevent the minute vibration of the wheels from being transmitted to the vehicle body via the shock absorber and to operate the shock absorber with good responsiveness when the posture of the vehicle body changes. A vehicle shock absorber can be provided.

According to another invention in which the throttle member is interposed in the two hydraulic transmission systems, the oil pressure when the pair of shock absorbers operate in opposite directions can be changed by changing the throttle amount of the throttle member. Therefore, it is possible to easily set the damping force characteristics when the posture of the vehicle body changes so as to be optimal.

According to another invention in which the accumulator is connected to the hydraulic transmission system via the flow restricting means, when the oil in the hydraulic transmission system decreases, the oil is replenished from the accumulator, and the volume of the oil increases due to a rise in temperature. Since oil sometimes flows out of the hydraulic transmission system to the accumulator, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic transmission system can be kept constant. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vehicle shock absorber in which the damping force characteristic does not change.

According to another invention in which the damper rubber is interposed between the end portion of the shock absorber on the vehicle body frame side and the shock absorber mounting member, the piping constituting the hydraulic transmission system can be fixed to the vehicle body frame. This pipe can be formed only by a pipe having high rigidity such as a metal pipe. For this reason, since the pressure loss of the hydraulic transmission system is reduced as compared with the case where the pipe is formed by a rubber hose or the like, the responsiveness of the shock absorber can be increased, and the performance of the shock absorber can be reduced. Absent.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a vehicle shock absorber according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example of piping in a case of being installed in a four-wheeled vehicle.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a vehicle shock absorber according to another invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment in which a damper rubber is interposed between a piston rod and a shock absorber mounting member.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment in which damper rubber is interposed between a piston rod and a shock absorber mounting member.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,2 ... buffer, 4,34,45 ... damper rubber, 7 ...
Inner pressure receiving member, 8, 37, 48 ... first oil chamber, 9,
38, 49: second oil chamber, 10, 11, 39, 4
0, 50, 51 ... pipe, 22 ... throttle member, 23 ... accumulator, 27 ... check valve, 33, 43 ... pressure receiving plate, 3
6, 47 ... Mount member.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shock absorber for a vehicle in which shock absorbers are arranged on a vehicle body so as to form a pair, and a damper rubber is interposed between the shock absorber and a shock absorber mounting member. An inner pressure receiving member is provided at a central portion in the direction of expansion and contraction, and this inner pressure receiving member is connected to one of the shock absorber and the buffer mounting member, and both ends of the damper rubber in the direction of expansion and contraction are connected to the other of these. The first and second oil chambers are formed on the inside of the damper rubber and at both ends in the direction of expansion and contraction so as to face each other with the inside pressure receiving member interposed therebetween. The first and second oil chambers are connected to the first and second oil chambers of the damper rubber for the other shock absorber by two hydraulic transmission systems, and the shock absorber of the damper rubber for one shock absorber shrinks. A vehicular shock absorber wherein an oil chamber that is sometimes compressed and an oil chamber that is compressed when the shock absorber of the other damper rubber for the shock absorber is extended communicate with each other. 2. The shock absorber for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein a communication passage connecting the two hydraulic transmission systems to each other is formed, and a throttle member is interposed in the communication passage. . 3. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein an accumulator is connected to the hydraulic transmission system via a flow restricting unit, and the flow restricting unit is connected to the hydraulic transmission system by means of oil from the accumulator to the hydraulic transmission system. A shock absorber for a vehicle, wherein the damper is configured to allow inflow and restrict outflow of oil from a hydraulic transmission system to an accumulator by a throttle. 4. The shock absorber for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the damper rubber having the first and second oil chambers is connected to a vehicle body frame side end of the shock absorber and a vehicle body frame side. A shock absorber for a vehicle, wherein a pipe interposed between the shock absorber mounting member and two hydraulic transmission systems is supported by a body frame.