JPH11332395A - Covering panel for soil culture and covering structure for ridge using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a covering panel for soil cultivation and a ridge-covering structure using the same that minimizes the fluctuation of the soil temperature even in summer and in winter to improve the growing environment, solves the inconvenience accompanied by the planting holes without anxiety of damaging the crop plants. SOLUTION: The covering material to be laid on the soil surface for cultivating crop plants is made of a thermally insulating material shaped in a plate 4 of 2-5 cm thickness. On this plate 4, the holes 5 bored through in the thickness direction are perforated at a certain interval and the plate 4 has the grooves 6 for guiding the corrugating tubes on its undersurface and the plates 4 are fixed on the ground surface with fixing means thereby providing the objective covering panel for the soil culture. In this ridge-covering structure, the covering panel 2 is fixed onto the upper surface of the ridge 1 and both sides of the ridge 1 are covered with the side-face panel plates 3 that are made of a thermally insulating material and fixed with fixing means so that these covers may cover the ridge 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cover panel for soil cultivation for covering the ground surface when cultivating agricultural products, and a ridge covering structure using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the ground surface is generally covered with a soft vinyl sheet because a large fluctuation in the soil temperature in the ground is not preferable for the growth of agricultural products.

However, coating with a conventional vinyl sheet has the following problems. First,
With a vinyl sheet with a thickness of about 0.02 mm, the effect of suppressing the rise of the soil temperature in summer and the effect of keeping the temperature of the ground in winter cannot be sufficiently achieved, which is the original purpose, and the soil temperature is affected by the weather and temperature of the day. Therefore, it is difficult to reduce fluctuations in soil temperature, and it is insufficient to maintain a suitable soil temperature environment for growing crops.

[0004] Next, the vinyl sheet must be provided with a planting hole for planting a crop, and there are the following problems associated with this. (1) It takes time to open the planting holes. (2) If the ridges are uneven, plant the seedlings in a low place on the ground surface (ridge surface), the seedlings will be buried under the vinyl sheet,
The seedlings grow poorly because they are not exposed to sunlight. (3) When a hole is made in a vinyl sheet, sunlight shines into the hole and causes weeds to grow. (4) A vinyl sheet is generally discarded in a crop cultivation operation by making a hole. (5) In crops with high planting density, most of the mulching is perforated because the spacing between planting holes is narrow,
The effect of mulching is inferior and the strength is reduced. For this reason,
When cultivating crops with high planting density, mulching cultivation using vinyl sheets is difficult. Next, the vinyl sheet has poor fixation to the ground surface and is blown by the wind,
Crops can rub against each other and hurt.

[0005]

Accordingly, the present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and makes it possible to improve the growing environment of crops by reducing fluctuations in soil temperature even in summer and winter.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cover panel for soil cultivation and a ridge covering structure using the same, which eliminates inconveniences caused by the planting holes at once and does not damage the crop.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a covering member laid on a ground surface where a crop is cultivated is covered with a heat insulating material of 2 cm to 5 cm. It is formed in the shape of a plate having a thickness, planting holes penetrating in the thickness direction are formed on the plate at intervals, and a guide groove for passing an irrigation tube is provided on the lower surface of the plate, A cover panel for soil cultivation, wherein a body is fixed to a ground surface by a fixing means.

Here, the thickness of the plate having heat insulation performance is set to 2
cm to 5 cm is a thickness necessary for suppressing the rise of the soil temperature in summer and keeping the soil temperature warm in winter, and also suitable for filling the planting holes with soil for sowing and raising seedlings. It is because of the thickness. A typical example of the heat insulating material is Styrofoam, but is not limited thereto, and includes all materials formed of a material having the same heat insulating performance.

The size of the planting hole is sufficient as long as it does not interfere with sowing or planting of seedlings. Specifically, a diameter of 2 cm to 9 cm is desirable, but is not necessarily limited to this. Also, the shape of the planting holes is not limited to a columnar shape, and includes various forms such as an elliptical columnar shape and a prismatic shape. Keep it.

One or several guide grooves are provided along the longitudinal direction and / or the transverse direction of the plate.

The fixing means includes all means for immovably fixing the covering panel to the ground surface so as not to be blown off by wind or the like. For example, a hole for driving a pile is provided in the covering panel, and a fixing pile is provided in the hole. For example, there is a means to be fixed by driving deep into the ground.

[0011] According to this structure, the ground surface is covered with a thick plate body having heat insulation performance, so that the influence of weather and temperature is remarkably reduced, and the fluctuation of the ground temperature is reduced. The growth environment can be suitably maintained. Further, the inside of the planting hole formed in the thick plate body can be conveniently filled with the soil for sowing and seedling raising.

The invention according to claim 1 can be applied to the ridged upper surface or other ground surface as it is. In particular, when the ridge is formed, the covering panel is formed as in the invention according to claim 2. A side panel plate fixed to the upper surface of the ridge and formed of a heat insulating material on both sides of the ridge can be used as a ridge covering structure fixed so as to be covered by fixing means.

When formed in this manner, the upper surface of the ridge as well as both sides of the ridge are covered with side panel plates having heat insulating properties, so that fluctuations in the ground temperature can be further reduced, and a more suitable growth environment for cultivated crops on the ridge. Can be obtained.

Here, the side panel plate may be formed of a heat insulating material of the same material as the covering panel, or may be formed of a different heat insulating material. The thickness of the side panel plate may be the same as the thickness of the covering panel, but a different thickness may be sufficiently implemented.

The fixing means of the side panel is not particularly limited as long as it can stably fix the side panel plate. For example, a flange projecting from the upper edge of the side panel plate extends along the longitudinal direction of the covering panel. While locking the edge from above,
The upper side of the side panel plate is fixed together with the covering panel with a pile that penetrates the overlapping portion and is inserted into the ground, and the other lower side is mounted on an outward projection provided at the lower edge of the side panel plate. And fixing the same by burying the lower part of the side panel in the ground as it is. Also, the lower part of the side panel can be embedded in the ground and fixed without providing an outwardly extending portion at the lower end.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a typical embodiment of the present invention applied to a ridge, in which a covering panel 2 is provided on the upper surface of a ridge 1 and side panel plates 3 are provided on both sides of the ridge. 3 are arranged respectively.

The covering panel 2 is composed of an elongated plate 4 made of styrene foam and having a thickness of 3 cm, a cylindrical planting hole 5 having a diameter of 5 cm penetrating in the thickness direction, and an irrigation tube (not shown). And a guide groove 6 through which the air flows.

The planting holes 5 are arranged in two rows of holes at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the plate body 4. Each of the planting holes 5 constituting the two rows of holes is arranged in the width direction ( The studs may be arranged in a staggered manner so that the spacing between the planting holes (short direction) can be kept wide. The guide groove 6 is provided between the two plate rows 4
Are formed continuously along the longitudinal direction of the plate body 4 on the lower surface side of the plate body 4.

On the other hand, each side panel plate 3 is also made of Styrofoam, and a flange 7 is provided at the upper edge of each side panel plate 3 to lock the longitudinal edge of the covering panel 2 from above. A protruding portion 8 is provided on the lower edge of each side panel plate 3 in a direction opposite to the flange 7 along the longitudinal direction. And, in the overlapping portion of the covering panel 2 where each flange portion 7 overlaps, a pile-stopping hole 9 penetrating the overlapping portion.
Are formed in the flange portion 7 and the cover panel 2, respectively, and a stop hole 10 for pile driving is also formed in the overhang portion 8.

The cover panel 2 and the pair of side panel plates 3 and 3 constructed as described above are arranged so as to cover the upper surface of the ridge 1 and both sides thereof. ,
12 and is inserted deep into the ground to fix the covering panel 2 and the side panels 3 and 3 immovably. Thus, the covering panel 2 and the side panel boards 3, 3 are sequentially fixed without any gap along the longitudinal direction of the ridge 1. Then, in the covered ridge 1, the seeding is performed in the planting hole 5.
The seedling raising soil is filled, and seeding or cutting buds and seedlings are planted there. Needless to say, watering is appropriately performed from the irrigation tube passing through the guide groove 6 according to the degree of drying of the furrow soil.

Table 1 below shows the change in the ground temperature in a certain summer day showing the embodiment of the present invention performed on an experimental farm with coating as described above. Show.

[Table 1]

Similarly, Table 2 shows comparison data of changes in the ground temperature at daytime in a certain summer period.

[Table 2]

As is evident from Tables 1 and 2, it was found that the embodiment of the present invention had a significantly smaller change in the ground temperature as compared to the case where bare ground or vinyl sheet was used. If the color of the upper surface side of each of the coated panel and the side panel plate is white or silver, an effect of repelling pests can be expected, and photosynthesis can be promoted on the back side of the leaves of the crop, which can have a favorable effect on the growth of the crop.

In the above embodiment, the side panels are arranged on both sides. However, it is possible to stabilize the ground temperature by using only the covering panels. In addition, the thickness of each of the covering panel and the side panel is 2 cm in order to achieve the main purpose of reducing the change in the ground temperature and in consideration of the convenience of handling.
It is preferably in the range of 5 to 5 cm. The spacing between the planting holes and the size of the planting holes are appropriately set in consideration of the relationship with the crop to be planted. The crops to be planted can be widely applied to vegetables such as spinach and komatsuna or horticultural crops such as eustoma.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) The ground temperature can be stabilized without being affected by the weather. That is, in summer cultivation, direct sunlight on the ground surface (ridge surface) can be avoided, so that the effect of suppressing the rise in soil temperature is high. And an ideal underground environment can be realized. (2) Since the heat insulation and light-shielding effects are high, it is hardly affected by the amount of solar radiation and the duration of sunshine, and the diurnal range of the ground temperature can be reduced. (3) Since it is a fixed panel, it is easy to handle, and since it has excellent durability, it can be repeatedly used for several years. (4) It is possible to fill the planting holes with seeds for seeding and raising seedlings, so weeds can be prevented from the ridges and weeding time can be greatly reduced, and crops and covering materials can be directly connected. There is no damage to the crop due to no friction, and no contact between the field soil and the crop at the ground
Diseases that occur on the ground can be reduced. (5) By filling the planting hole with the sowing soil, it is easy to directly sow the crops for which direct sowing cultivation has been difficult, and since it is a thick panel, it can be directly inserted into the planting hole of the panel to germinate or seedling ( Planting of cell-molded seedlings, etc.) can be easily performed. (6) The movement of soil moisture can be reduced and the water retention ability can be increased by covering the fixed panel. (7) Because it is a standard panel, removal, washing and storage can be done easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 ridge 2 covering panel 3 side panel plate 4 plate 5 planting hole 6 guide groove

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A covering member to be laid on the ground surface where a crop is cultivated is formed into a plate having a thickness of 2 cm to 5 cm with a heat insulating material, and penetrates the plate (4) in a thickness direction. Planting holes (5) are formed at intervals, and a guide groove (6) for passing an irrigation tube is provided on the lower surface of the plate, and the plate is fixed to the ground surface by fixing means for soil cultivation. Covered panel. 2. A cover panel (2) according to claim 1, fixed on the upper surface of the ridge (1), and a side panel plate (3, 3) formed of a heat insulating material on both sides of the ridge (1). A ridge covering structure fixed so as to be covered by fixing means.