JPH11324885A - Compressed air producing device with gravity of weight and buoyancy of wave - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide clean energy, for example, compressed air for power, enough for practical use using earth's gravity and wave force. SOLUTION: Between a fork-like column 9a, (9b) built on a rigid table 10 in a sea such as a breakwater, a disk 1 having the outer periphery and lower teeth is rotatably provided, a chain is hung on this, and on its one end a weight 4 is hoisted not to touch water, and on its another end a floating body 5 with mass sufficiently larger than that is hoisted so as to float on a sea. Rotating motion of the disk caused by vertical motion of wave is transformed to reciprocating motion of a piston pump 20 from the lower teeth 6 of the disk through gears 3a, 3b, and compressed air is produced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Compressed air used for industrial purposes is driven by an electric motor or an internal combustion engine. An air compressor such as a pump is operated to send air to an air tank for compression, and then used through an air pressure cleaner or a controller. Have been. The present invention relates to a device for obtaining power for moving a pump by a motor or an engine by utilizing natural forces such as gravity and buoyancy.
Therefore, energy is obtained from the pneumatic and hydraulic fields, that is, the new energy development field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, since a compressor is operated to compress air by operating an internal combustion engine or an electric motor as described above, most of the heat energy obtained from petroleum or nuclear power is used. And the use of renewable energy, such as hydropower, is rarely enough to meet demand. It seems that there are some types of natural energy other than hydropower, such as wind power and wave power, but they are all too weak compared to petroleum, etc. It is said that huge amounts of petroleum, etc. are needed to make the materials even for solar power generation. Also, there is no technology that stores a large amount of air energy obtained from natural forces and uses it when needed.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] To use natural power to obtain clean energy that is practical. Utilizes the Earth's gravity, the buoyancy of water, and the vertical motion of waves. B. It takes in as much of the energy of the wave's up-and-down motion as possible and converts it into rotational motion of the gears that move the pump. C. The pump presses air from the atmosphere into the air tank from time to time, so that a desired pressure and a desired amount of air are stored in the tank. D. The compressed air in the air tank is released to operate the air turbine so that it can be used for power generation and the like. E. The whole device is simple and inexpensive, so that a large number of devices can easily be made.

[0004]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a fork-shaped solid support (FIG. 4 (9a), (9b)) on a solid underwater base (10) such as a breakwater. In the middle, a large wheel (1) like a water wheel with rotating teeth (7) and (6) is hung, and a chain (12) is put on the teeth (7) on the disk. Even if it is not a chain, a strong cable may be used if it does not slip. In that case, the upper teeth (7) are not required. A weight (4) and a floating body (5) are hung on both ends of the chain, so that the floating body floats on the waves and the weight is hung in the air. At this time, the teeth (6) below the disk (1) are attached to the base (10).
The rotation shafts of the pistons of two pumps (20a) and (20b) of the same size installed in parallel on the gear mesh with the fixed gears (3a) and (3b), and the chain moves up and down. When the disk (1) rotates, the rotation axis of the piston rotates by that amount, and one of the cylinders takes in air from the atmosphere and the other receives the air in the cylinder from the first installation method of the piston described in claim 2. Is exhausted into the air tank if the pressure is higher than the air pressure in the air tank. Over time, the air pressure in the tank increases to the desired one.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION When the rotational force of a rotating shaft of a piston is the same, a large-diameter piston can compress a large amount of air at a time, but can only generate a weak air pressure. On the other hand, a piston with a small diameter can compress a small amount of air at a time, but can increase the air pressure. By the way, the rotational force of the rotating shaft of the piston is received from the rotational force of the disk. The rotational force of the disk is related to the wave conditions such as the period and height, and the mass of the weight, floating body, disk, and the like. This means that different situations require different types of equipment. Here, in the embodiment,
After repeating the general description as described above, the above-mentioned reason will be described from “0011” to “0035”. These were supported by a friend's physicist.

A solid base such as a breakwater of an appropriate width in the sea (1)
0) on the upper end connected to the support (9a), (9b)
Is built so as to extend in the width direction of the table (10) (FIG. 4).

A rotating shaft (8) of a disk (8) is spanned over the centers of the columns (9a) and (9b), and an appropriate radius of a large radius is set at the center point of (8) with the center of rotation as the center. A toothed disk (1) having a large thickness is suspended so that it can be easily rotated. In (1), the upper quarter of the upper semicircle has upper teeth (7), and the lower quarter of the lower semicircle has lower teeth (6). The upper teeth (7) are engaged with the chain (12), and the lower teeth (6) are gears (3a), (3b) with a rotating shaft of a piston.
Make it to mesh with. (3a) and (3b) are outside the respective pumps. As mentioned before, if there is no slip, a strong cable may be used instead of the chain, in which case the upper teeth (7) are unnecessary. The radius of the disk (1) needs to be large enough that the disk protrudes into the sea and the floating body does not touch the table in some cases.

A gear with a rotating shaft of a piston (FIG. 2 (3)
Pumps provided with a) and (3b)) are of exactly the same type and of the same size, and are mounted on a table in parallel. In each cylinder, when the piston (15a) is at the uppermost position, the piston (15b) is at the lowermost position, so that both pistons always move in opposite directions,
The teeth (3a), (3b) engage with the teeth (6). In addition, the radius of both pistons, the length of both cylinder parts, the radius of gears with rotating shafts of both pistons, the length of arms (21a) and (21b) of rotating shafts of both pistons, connecting rod (19a) of both pistons , (19b) length, etc., is the desired air pressure at the time of press-fitting from the cylinder into the air tank,
The rotational energy of the disk may be determined mechanically according to the amount of air so that the rotational energy of the disk can be obtained as efficiently as possible.

[0009] The cylindrical floating body (5) and the weight (4) are connected by a chain (12), and the chain is hung on the upper teeth (7) of the disk (1).
The floating body adjusts the length of the chain so that it floats on the waves. Also, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the columns (9a) and (9b) are used to prevent the chain from coming off when the weight or the floating body jumps up.
And a fixed frame (22) is provided so as to sandwich the rotating disk (1) with a certain width.

The floating body is filled with a liquid, solid, or the like as a weight, but if the floating body is not deformed or moved when it moves, the way of floating changes and the buoyancy changes, which is useful. I will not be. When there is no wave, it must be such that it always restores horizontally.

Now, the theoretical background of what has been described in the section "0005" will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the sea surface without waves (average sea surface) is taken as the origin of the _z coordinate. Waves approximately assuming sine wave with an amplitude a, coordinate Z _w sea location at time t is assumed to be expressed by equation (1) below.

[0012]

(Equation 1)

[0013] The coordinates of the floating body of the bottom surface at time t measured from mean sea and Z _f. The total mass of the floating body and m _f, the bottom area of the floating body to S. Mass of the weight is set to _{m c. mc} is m
Must be much smaller than _f . Coordinates of the weight at time t is set to Z _c. Also, let r be the radius of the disk (1) and I be the inertia coefficient of (1) with respect to its rotation axis. The tension applied to the chain (cable) (12) is T ₁ and T ₂ as shown in FIG.

From the mechanical considerations (ignoring the mass of the chain, etc.), as shown below, through equations 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the differential equation representing the motion of the floating body, 7
Equations are obtained, and when equations 8 and 9 are replaced, equations 7 and 10 that make equation 7 easier to see are obtained.

[0015]

(Equation 2)

[0016]

(Equation 3)

[0017]

(Equation 4)

[0018]

(Equation 5)

[0019]

(Equation 6)

[0020]

(Equation 7)

[0021]

(Equation 8)

[0022]

(Equation 9)

[0023]

(Equation 10)

The properties of the motion of the floating body can be understood from the above-mentioned differential equation and equation (10). First, shift the origin,
Z _f is replaced with Z by equation (11).

[0025]

[Equation 11]

The second term on the right side of Equation 11 is as follows from Equations 8 and 9.

[0027]

(Equation 12)

On the other hand, assuming that the floating body is at rest on a still sea surface, the following equation is established when the depth of a portion immersed in sea water is H.

[0029]

(Equation 13)

From this equation, it can be seen that the left side of Equation 12 is equal to -H. That is, the left side of Expression 12 is the position of the waterline when the floating body is at rest.

Next, consider the case where there is a sine wave (equation 1) having an amplitude a. Using the equation (11) the Z _f in the number 10 formula expressed as Z, changing the following equation.

[0032]

[Equation 14]

This is the position Z of the waterline of the floating body at the time of still water.
Is an equation representing motion _{(Z f} exercise the same) of (t). After some time, the solution to this equation can be expressed as

[0034]

(Equation 15)

[0035] You. If it is close to ω _o ω, the vertical movement of the floating body increases due to resonance. Therefore, the closer the ω _{o is} to ω, the better the efficiency of the device will be.

[0036]

[Example] Although we did not actually experiment, how to think about how to make the device and how to make the device, and how much the rotational energy of the disk of the device will be at that time to implement it according to the situation Let us take an example of a sine wave with a wave height of 40 cm and a period of 3 seconds.

[0037] It is important to take a value close to ω ² of the sine wave (Equation 1). Therefore, the radius of the bottom of the floating body is 1m and the density of seawater is 10
Assuming that the mass of the disk is 30 (kg / m ³ ) and the mass of the disk is m, the following equation is established. Here, m _f , m _c , r, I, S, P, etc. are the same as those described in the section “0013” and the equation (3).

[0038]

(Equation 16)

[0039]

[Equation 17]

It is assumed that the waves are approaching at a wave height of 40 cm and a period of 3 seconds as described above. Since the seawater moves in a circular motion with the same diameter as the wave height below the sea level, it is better to keep the draft of the floating body within 40 cm below the average sea level. Then, the following equation holds for the draft depth H from Equation (13).

[0041]

(Equation 18) This is made a little deeper at about -0.3 m to obtain the following equation.

[0042]

[Equation 19] Since the wave period is 3 seconds, divide 2π by 3

[0043]

(Equation 20)

[0044] M = 6339, so M is easy to see 6300 (k
g) Try to place. On the other hand, the right side of Equation 19 is also 1000
(Kg) rank. Then, the following simultaneous formula is created.

[0045]

(Equation 21)

M, m _f and _mc are appropriately determined in the equation (21). Now, m = 1800 (kg), _mf = 3200
(Kg), m _c = 2200 (kg). Is given by the following equation from physics. here,

[0047]

(Equation 22) Substituting the equation (15) with the derivative of t

[0048]

(Equation 23) By substituting ω = 2.09, the value of K (t) can be found as follows.

[0049]

(Equation 24) That is, energy equivalent to a maximum of 4.5 kilowatts per second is transmitted to the rotation axis of the piston through the rotation of the disk.

What has been described for a long time after the term “0011” is the theoretical reason for applying the model to the desk.
In fact, you should make many experiments. You may also be able to simulate with a computer. However, I think it will be helpful for them. In fact, waves are not limited to sine waves, and weights and floating bodies may jump and hit columns and supports. However, as long as the device is not broken, the harder it moves, the more the disk rotates and the piston moves more strongly.If the piston pressure exceeds the air pressure in the tank, the air will always be injected into the tank and the compressed air in the tank Should accumulate. It may also be necessary to protect parts of the device with a shelter to prevent breakage. These are structural engineering issues.

[0051]

The air has a temperature of, for example, 20 ° C., 1 atm,
Under standard conditions of 65% relative humidity, when the volume is compressed to one-half, one-third, one-tenth, etc. (with a polytropic index of, for example, 1.2), the pressure becomes 2.9 atm.
It has a large energy of 3.7 atm, 14.8 atm and so on. If the pressure exceeds 10 atm, it is used for various purposes in factories. The present invention has pioneered a method for obtaining the accumulation of air having a required and desired pressure by utilizing the force of the seashore. We expect this to have the following direct and indirect effects.

The compressed air is obtained not by oil or the like but by natural force, so that the environment is not polluted. It does not harm the environment after use.

Although it cannot be obtained uniformly depending on the wave period and wave height, the compressed air naturally accumulates over time. Both air pressure and air volume can be determined by the way of setting the safety valve of the air tank and the size of the tank. The stored air energy is good for preservation, easy to control as a power source, and inexpensive.

[0054] The stored compressed air may be spouted to turn the air turbine to generate electricity. Air turbines will also be more diverse and will be developed to generate electricity at lower air pressures.

As described above, the efficiency of this device is greatly affected by the wave period and wave height. The waves seem to change constantly and seem to be unable to respond. However, in fixed sea areas, the frequency and height of waves are statistically collected annually, and the type of equipment and the number of each equipment are determined to form a group of equipment to create a single air tank so as to be as advantageous as possible. Keep connected. Then, the air from the device, which matches the wave cycle at that time, will enter the tank.
Some devices may not work. And it would be possible to build an energy base equipped with several such devices.

Such a base is suitable for a seaside where waves are present to some extent throughout the year and the conditions of the waves do not change drastically. It is only necessary to start an industry that uses that energy in such places. I think it will be a local promotion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the apparatus, in which a support (9b) is removed from a side surface (a surface orthogonal to a breakwater or the like).

FIG. 2 is an elevational view of a portion of the pump in FIG. 1 as viewed from the front of a disk (1).

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view from the side of the right pump in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a vertical elevation view of the apparatus as viewed from the open sea side such as a breakwater.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a model theory.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Toothed disk 2. 2. Cylinder (there are two a and b) 3. Gear with rotary shaft of pump piston (a and b). Weight 5 Floating body (floating) 6. Lower teeth of the disk 7. 7. Upper teeth of disk 8. Rotation axis of disk 10. Device support (There are two a and b) Breakwaters, etc. (underwater base) Wave 12. Chain 13. 13. Direction of intake from the atmosphere 14. Direction of exhaust pressure injection from cylinder to air tank Piston (There are two a and b) 16. One-way exhaust valve (There are two a and b) 17. Intake valve (a, b two) Piston rotation axis (a and b are two) 19. Connecting rod (a and b are two) 20. Pump (a and b are two) 21. Arm of piston rotation axis (a and b are two) 22. Disk Fixed frame surrounding

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A solid support column 4 (9a) constructed on a solid shore (10) such as a breakwater as shown in FIG.
A large rotating disk (1) having a vertical axis as a center axis and having a tooth (7), (6) above and below the center axis of (9b), and a chain ( 12), the weight (4) is placed on one end of the chain, the cylindrical floating body (5) is placed on the other end of the chain, and the floating body is floated on water so that the weight is not immersed in water. The mass of each of the weight, the floating body and the disk, and the radius of the bottom surface of the floating body are appropriately determined with reference to a mathematical formula described later so that the rotating force of the disk is generated as much as possible with respect to the wave period. The floating body and the weight are wrapped with a thick rubber-like cushioning material so as not to break the device or the like even if they collide with another. Such a device that obtains the rotational force of a disk from the gravitational force of a weight and the buoyancy of a wave. 2. Two pumps (20) of the same type are arranged in parallel on a solid platform (10) at sea and below the disk (1) as shown in FIG. 1, and the two pistons are moved (connecting rod). , Through the arm of the piston rotation shaft) (FIG. 2 (18)
a), (18b)) to which gears (3a),
The teeth of (3b) are engaged with the lower teeth (6) of the disk (1). At this time, the pistons of the two pumps are installed so that when the disk (1) rotates, they move in opposite directions simultaneously. For example, the pistons of two pumps, one at the bottom and the other at the top, each cylinder (2a),
First, it is installed so as to be located in (2b).
Also, the exhaust valves (16a), (16
b) is a one-way air valve (one-way check valve), and the air exhausted therefrom can no longer escape outside the tank when it enters an air tank (not shown). All air leaving the exhaust valve goes into the same air tank. The size of the air tank is not limited according to the application. The air tank is provided with a safety valve for adjusting the pressure in the tank so as not to hinder the rotation of the disk (1). The intake valves (17a) and (17b) of each cylinder are for sucking air, and may be ordinary spring-loaded valves. However, it is better to let the air pass through the filter before entering the intake valve. As described above, the compressed air producing apparatus utilizing the rotational force of the disk (1).