JPH11324883A - Horizontal shaft hydraulic machine and operating method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress abnormal vibration and noise by arranging opening parts on a static part side flow passage side wall at equal spaces, connecting one end part of a feed water piping to the opening part, and connecting the other end part of the water feeding piping to a penstock and a draft tube. SOLUTION: A plurality of opening parts are formed in a circumferential direction at equal spaces on a draft tube side cover 7 in the vicinity of an outer peripheral part of a liner, one of them is arranged on a lowest position in a liner chamber 3a, namely, it is arranged on a position adjacent to a guide vane 3. One end part of a water feed pipe 26 is connected to the opening part 24, and the other end part of each water feeding pipe 26 is connected to a penstock 31 and a draft tube 12 through each water feed valve 26a. As a result, water is uniformly filled to the liner vane 4 in a circumferential direction so as to suppress abnormal vibration and noise.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, and in particular, generates excessive vibration when a drainage pump is started or when the runner shifts from idling operation to pumping operation or power generation operation during phase adjustment operation. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that can be safely transferred without any problems and a method of operating the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine has a feature that it requires less excavation and concrete casting and a shorter installation period than a vertical-axis hydraulic machine. Technology is more difficult than a vertical hydraulic machine, so the single unit capacity is 10MW.
It is applied to the following, and its configuration is shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a spiral casing, which guides fluid (running water) to a runner. This spiral casing 1
Is connected to the upper pond 30 via a hydraulic pipe 31 and an inlet valve 32, and a bypass pipe 33 for reducing operating torque at the time of opening and closing the inlet valve 32 bypasses the inlet valve 32 from the hydraulic pipe 31 and forms a spiral casing. 1 is connected to the vicinity of the inlet via a bypass valve 34. A stay vane 2 for rectifying hydraulic fluid is provided on the inner diameter side of the spiral casing 1.
The downstream side of the stay vane 2 communicates with the runner chamber 3a.

[0004] The runner chamber 3a has a rotatable guide vane 3 at the inlet side for adjusting the flow rate of hydraulic fluid, and a runner vane 4 which receives the energy of the hydraulic fluid in the subsequent flow and changes the rotational torque. I have.

On one side of the runner vane 4, there is provided a runner back pressure chamber 6 covered by a generator motor side cover 5 for preventing leakage of hydraulic fluid from flowing out of the machine. Is provided with a side pressure chamber 8 covered by a suction pipe side cover 7.

At the outlet end side of the runner vane 4, a main shaft (rotating shaft) 9 having a horizontal arrangement is disposed, and a crown 10 for narrowing the runner vane 4 is fixed to the main shaft 9, and the other end of the runner vane 4 is fixed to the other end of the runner vane 4. Has a band 11 fixed. The outlet side of the runner vane 4 has a suction pipe 12 communicating therewith.
The suction pipe 12 is used to recover the kinetic energy of the hydraulic fluid.

A connecting pipe 15 is provided between the stationary part side flow path wall on the outlet side of the guide vane 3 of the runner chamber 3a and the suction pipe 12 so as to communicate the two. A valve 15a is provided, and this connecting pipe 15 is provided from the outer periphery of the runner to the suction pipe 12 in order to prevent the leakage of the dynamic water from the guide vane 3 from coming into contact with the runner vane 4 during the water surface lowering operation. It is to guide. In addition, supply / exhaust valves 13a and 14a are respectively provided in a part of the supply / exhaust pipes 13 and 14, and the supply / exhaust pipes 13 and 1 are provided.
The other end of 4 is connected to communicate with an air tank (not shown).

[0008] The conventional horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having such a configuration is as follows.
Runner vane 4 when drain pump is started or in phase operation
As shown in the drawing, the hydraulic fluid is charged down to the lower side of the suction pipe 12 by high-pressure air to perform a so-called water surface pushing-down operation, thereby reducing the driving rotational torque of the runner vane 4 during operation. That is, in the water surface pushing-down operation, high-pressure air from an air tank (not shown) is supplied through the air supply / exhaust pipe 13 on the suction pipe 12 side and the air supply / exhaust pipe 14 on the back pressure chamber 6 side, and the pressure of the air sucks hydraulic fluid. It is forcibly pushed down to below the tube 12.

When the water surface pushing-down operation is completed, high-pressure air is discharged from the supply / exhaust pipes 13 and 14 to the outside of the machine to raise the hydraulic surface in the suction pipe 12 to fill the runner chamber 3a with water.
Under the condition that the priming pressure inside the guide vane 3 communicating with the runner chamber 3a reaches a predetermined value, the guide vane 3 is opened, and the load of the pumping operation (pump operation) or the power generation operation (water turbine operation) is output. The transition will be made.

[0010]

However, there have been some problems in the operation of pushing down the water surface and the operation of filling the runner chamber 3a with the moving water described above. In general, this type of operation is such that the runner vane 4 is rotating even though the running water is filled in the runner chamber 3a.

In the vertical hydraulic machine, the hydraulic fluid from the suction pipe 12 flows into the runner vanes 4 almost uniformly. In the horizontal hydraulic machine, the hydraulic fluid flows from the lower part of the band 11 of the runner vane 4 on the minimum diameter side. When it comes to the runner vane 4, when it is blown off by its rotational force, imbalance occurs, generating large vibrations and noises, and it may be impossible to operate.

Further, since water leakage from the guide vanes 3 located above the center of the rotation shaft of the main shaft 9 always hits the runner vanes 4 in structure, a method of draining the inside of the casing and carrying out a water surface pushing-down operation is employed. is there. In this method, the valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully opened and the spiral casing 1 is opened.
Since the water in the inside is drained to the suction pipe 12, the water levels in the spiral casing 1 and the suction pipe 12 are substantially the same in the horizontal direction.

Generally, in the case of a high head machine, the runner vane 4
Since the outer diameter of the water pipe becomes large, it is necessary to unnecessarily lower the water level of the suction pipe 12 in order to avoid contact between the runner vane 4 and water. For this reason, there has been a problem that the amount of high-pressure air increases and a compressor having a large capacity is required.

Almost no water replenishment method has been proposed to address such problems, but an exhaust (water) method has already been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-185445.

In this technique, the generator motor side cover is located at the same position as the outer periphery seal radius of the runner, the uppermost lower end of the suction pipe side cover, and the inner peripheral side surface of the vane when the guide vane is fully closed. A passage is provided at the position of the cover and the side cover on the side of the suction pipe so as to communicate the inside and outside of the flowing water, and the drain is drained from the passage below the cover and exhausted from the passage above the cover.

However, there is no specific description of the water filling method, and there is no countermeasure against the occurrence of vibration and noise due to the water being offset and hitting the runner vane 4 when exhausting and filling the water. Not done.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and the present invention has been made to quickly and safely generate a pumping or power generation load without generating excessive vibration and noise when shifting from a water surface depression operation to a pumping or power generation operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine capable of shifting to operation, and capable of reducing the amount of high-pressure air to a minimum when the casing is drained during the water surface pushing-down operation, and an operation method thereof.

Further, the present invention provides a method for quickly and safely performing pumping or power generation without generating excessive vibration and noise when shifting from a water surface lowering operation performed while the casing is filled with water to pumping or power generation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that can shift to the above-mentioned condition and can minimize the amount of high-pressure air during the water surface pushing-down operation.

[0019]

In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is provided in a state in which the invention is arranged in a horizontal direction, and one end of the invention extends outside through a suction pipe. A main shaft rotatably supported, a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft, and a guide valve arranged on the outer periphery of the runner for guiding hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve. And a casing connected to the suction pipe via a stationary portion side flow path wall, wherein the runner is located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side channel wall of the chamber in the circumferential direction, and these openings are inserted through the communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The opening communicates with the suction pipe. And it has a discharge valve that is horizontal axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve to the opening at the transition from the water surface depressed state to the pumping operation or generator operation communicates with the penstock.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, two or more openings are formed in the stationary part side wall near the outer periphery of the runner at equal intervals, and one end of the water supply pipe is provided in each of the openings. , And the other end of the water supply pipe is connected to the hydraulic pipe and the suction pipe via each valve, so that the water to the runner vanes is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed. .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least one of the plurality of openings includes a guide vane having a predetermined small size for a water surface pushing-down operation. The horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein when set to an opening degree or a fully closed state, the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine is formed on a stationary-part-side flow path side wall located on an inner peripheral side of a guide vane located at a lowermost position.

According to the invention corresponding to claim 2, water in the runner chamber can be lowered below the runner vanes,
Vibration and unnecessary power caused by interference between the runner vane and water can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a horizontal hydraulic machine according to the first aspect, wherein a drainage pump is provided in a communication pipe connected to the opening.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the water level of the suction pipe can be set higher than the water level in the casing, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced and the compressor capacity can be reduced.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 4 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A fluid passage from the hydraulic pipe is guided to guide vanes arranged on the outer periphery of the runner via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing communicated with the suction pipe via a stationary part side flow path wall. In the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, a plurality of openings are provided in a circumferential direction on a stationary portion side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral portion of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. The opening is configured to communicate with the outside through a communication pipe, and the communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and pumps water from the water surface being pushed down. A water supply valve is provided to connect the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition to operation or power generation operation, and a water supply hole penetrating through the inside of the main shaft provides a water supply valve provided outside the runner chamber and the suction pipe. The chamber is a horizontal axis hydraulic machine communicating.

According to the invention corresponding to claim 4, since the water is uniformly filled in the runner vanes in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 5 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the inlet valve is fully closed, and the casing is drained from the water surface lowering operation to pumping or power generation. At the time of shifting to, while the guide vane is fully closed, water is supplied to the casing through the bypass valve, and a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings is opened, and The method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine is characterized in that water is supplied almost uniformly in the circumferential direction from each of the openings.

According to the invention corresponding to claim 5, since the water is uniformly filled in the runner vanes in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 6 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition is provided, and a water supply hole penetrating the inside of the main shaft is used to connect the runner chamber to a water supply chamber provided outside the suction pipe. Shaft hydro In the machine, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing-down operation performed by draining the casing to pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, and the bypass valve is opened. Water is supplied to the casing from a bypass pipe having the bypass valve, and a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings is opened to substantially uniformly circumferentially extend from the plurality of openings. On the condition that the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the runner of the runner is filled with water, and that the runner chamber is filled with runner bands from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter. This is an operation method of a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that switches and supplies water to main shaft water supply from a water supply hole.

According to the invention corresponding to claim 6, since the filling of water from the minimum diameter of the runner band to the minimum diameter of the runner vane is performed evenly in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.
It can be safely switched to pumping or power generation operation.

To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 7 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, and has one end communicating with the top of the casing, the top of the suction pipe, the runner-side pressure chamber, and the water supply hole of the main shaft. To do In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine in which an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve is connected to a part thereof, when the inlet valve is fully closed, and a transition is made from a water surface lowering operation performed by draining the casing to a pumping or power generation operation. While the guide vane is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened to supply water from the bypass pipe to the casing, and to open a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings. Water is supplied substantially evenly in the circumferential direction from each of the plurality of openings, the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is configured such that a runner band is formed from the outer periphery of the runner. Under the condition that the water is filled to a small diameter, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, while exhausting each of the exhaust pipes by opening the exhaust valves provided in each of the exhaust pipes, first, After the exhaust valve of the exhaust pipe provided in the casing and the side pressure chamber is opened and exhausted, the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to a runner band minimum diameter, and then the suction pipe is This is a method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that controls the opening of the suction pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve so as to raise the water level from a runner band minimum diameter position.

According to the invention corresponding to claim 7, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, the operation can be safely shifted to pumping or power generation operation, and the water level of the suction pipe is set at a position higher than the water level in the casing. As a result, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced, and the capacity of the compressor can be reduced.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 8 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of the transition is provided, and a plurality of water supply holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction while communicating with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft. Connected to the opening Of the passage pipes, a drain pump is provided in series with a valve disposed in the middle of a communication pipe whose other end is connected to the suction pipe, a top of the casing, and a top of the suction pipe. A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that has one end connected to a water supply hole of the main shaft, and has an air supply valve in a part thereof and an air supply pipe connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air at the other end, The guide vane is set to a predetermined small opening state or a fully closed state after the inlet valve is fully closed, and the runner and the runner are set using high-pressure air while the runner is stationary in water. When discharging the water in the casing, the high pressure air is injected into the runner chamber by opening the air supply valve of the casing, the air supply valve of the main shaft, and the air supply valve of the suction pipe, and then the guide Open the vane and The drainage pump is started by opening a valve arranged in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe, draining the water in the casing to the suction pipe, and the water surface position in the casing is predetermined. Closing the valve of the communication pipe on condition that it has dropped to the position of
A method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, wherein the supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber is stopped on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level while the drain pump is stopped.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced and the compressor capacity can be reduced without generating vibration due to interference between the runner vanes and water.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention corresponding to claim 9 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the water level pushing-down operation in which the inlet valve is completely closed and the casing is filled with water is performed. When shifting to pumping or power generation operation, with the guide vane fully closed, the bypass valve is opened and the water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the opening is opened from the bypass pipe. This is a method for operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that operates to supply water through a plurality of openings provided in a stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner.

According to the invention corresponding to claim 9, since the water is uniformly supplied to the runner vanes in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and the operation can be performed while the casing is filled with water. Since the transition is performed, the capacity of the compressor and the high-pressure tank may be small, and there is no need to fill the casing.Therefore, when transitioning from the water surface depression operation to the pumping or power generation operation, the transition can be performed safely and quickly. It is possible to provide a simple operation method of the horizontal hydraulic machine.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 10 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. The hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pipe is guided to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner via a main shaft, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, and an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a stationary part side flow path. A casing connected to the suction pipe via a wall, a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position, Is provided in the circumferential direction, and the opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down. With the water surface down A water supply valve that connects the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition from the state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation, communicates with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft, and a plurality of water supplies in the circumferential direction. In the horizontal shaft hydraulic machine in which the hole is formed, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation performed while the casing is filled with water to the pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, With the bypass valve in the open state, an opening provided in the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner by opening a water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to each of the openings from the bypass pipe Section, the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the runner of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer circumference of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. A horizontal axis hydraulic machine operating method for supplying water to switch the spindle feed water from the water supply hole.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the water filling from the minimum diameter of the band to the minimum diameter of the runner vane is performed evenly in the circumferential direction, so that abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and the inside of the casing is filled with water. Since the operation is performed while the operation is being performed, the capacity of the compressor and the high-pressure tank may be small, and there is no need to fill the casing.Therefore, when shifting from the water surface lowering operation to the pumping or power generation operation, safely and It is possible to provide a simple method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine that can be shifted quickly.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 11 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. The hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pipe is guided to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner via a main shaft, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, and an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a stationary part side flow path. A casing connected to the suction pipe via a wall, a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position, Is provided in the circumferential direction, and the opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down. With the water surface down A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of shifting from the state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation, and communicates with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft, A water supply hole is formed, and a top portion of the suction pipe, the runner-side pressure chamber, and an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve connected to a part thereof are connected to each other so as to communicate one end to the water supply hole of the main shaft. In the shaft hydraulic machine, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation performed while the casing is filled with water to pumping or power generation operation, the guide vanes are fully closed,
With the bypass valve of the bypass pipe in an open state, the water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the opening is opened by operating the water supply valve from the bypass pipe to the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner. Water is supplied through each of the provided openings, and the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. At the same time, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, and exhausting the exhaust valves provided in the respective exhaust pipes in an open state, first open the exhaust valves of the exhaust pipes provided in the side pressure chambers. After operating and exhausting, after the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to the runner band minimum diameter, the water level of the suction pipe is raised from the runner band minimum diameter position,
This is a method for operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine that controls the opening degree of the suction pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve.

According to the eleventh aspect, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, the operation can be safely shifted to pumping or power generation operation, and the water level of the suction pipe is set to a position higher than the water level in the casing. Operation can be performed while the casing is still filled with water, so the capacity of the compressor and high-pressure tank may be small, and there is no need to refill the casing. When shifting to (1), it is possible to provide a simple method of operating the horizontal axis hydraulic machine that can shift more quickly.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 12 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. The hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pipe is guided to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner via a main shaft, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, and an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a stationary part side flow path. A casing connected to the suction pipe via a wall, a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position, Is provided in the circumferential direction, and the opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down. With the water surface down A water supply valve that connects the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe when the state shifts from the pumping operation to the pumping operation or the power generation operation, and communicates with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality of water supply holes are formed in the water supply pipe connected to the opening, and the other end of the water supply pipe is connected between the valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the suction pipe and the suction pipe. A drain pump is installed in
One end was connected to the top of the suction pipe and one of the water supply holes of the main shaft, and an air supply pipe having an air supply valve in a part thereof and connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air to the other end was connected. In the hydraulic machine, when the inlet valve is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened, the guide vanes are fully closed, and the runner is discharged from the runner chamber using high-pressure air from a stationary state in water. Opening the air supply valve of the main shaft and the air supply valve of the suction pipe to inject high-pressure air into the runner chamber, and on the condition that the water level drops to reach the lowest runner band position, Opening the valve arranged in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe, start the drain pump, drain the water in the runner chamber to the suction pipe, and set the water surface position in the runner chamber to a predetermined value. Contacted on condition that the water level has dropped to A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine configured to close the valve and stop the drain pump, while stopping supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level. It is a driving method.

According to the invention corresponding to claim 12, since the drainage from the runner chamber is evenly performed in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and water and high pressure in the runner chamber and the minimum suction pipe can be suppressed. It is sufficient to replace the air, and the amount of high-pressure air can be further reduced.
The capacity of the compressor and the high-pressure air tank can be reduced, and a simple operation method of the horizontal hydraulic machine can be provided.

[0043]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, in order to easily understand a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention, a description will be given of a first embodiment to a sixth embodiment separately.

<First Embodiment> FIG. 1 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a single-wheel, single-flow Francis pump-turbine. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a single-wheel return-flow Francis type pump-turbine. FIGS. 4 and 5 are FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along line XX and YY of FIG. The same components as those in FIG. 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

11 differs from the conventional horizontal-axis hydraulic machine shown in FIG. 11 in that an intake / exhaust pipe 17 having a supply / exhaust valve 17a, an exhaust pipe 18 having an exhaust valve 18a, a supply / exhaust pipe 22 having a supply / exhaust valve 22a, and a water supply valve are provided. Water supply pipe 23 having 23a, pipe 2
5. The water supply pipe 26 having the water supply valve 26a is provided as follows.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a spiral casing, and the spiral casing 1 comprises an upper pond 30 and an inlet valve 32.
A bypass pipe 33 connected through a hydraulic pipe 31 having an opening to reduce the operating torque when the inlet valve 32 is opened and closed.
Are connected in parallel to the inlet valve 32, and a bypass valve 34 is connected to the bypass pipe 33 near the inlet of the spiral casing 1. A stay vane 2 for rectifying hydraulic fluid is provided on the inner diameter side of the spiral casing 1, and a downstream side of the stay vane 2 communicates with the runner chamber 3a.

The runner chamber 3a has a guide vane 3 on the entrance side.
And a runner vane 4 on the downstream side. Further, on one side of the runner vane 4, there is provided a back pressure chamber 6 covered by a generator motor side cover 5 for preventing the leakage of hydraulic fluid from flowing out of the machine, and on the other side of the runner vane 4. A side pressure chamber 8 covered by a suction pipe side cover (also referred to as a stationary part side flow path wall) 7 is provided.

At the outlet end side of the runner vane 4, a main shaft (that is, a rotating shaft) 9 is disposed in a horizontal configuration.
The crown 10 for narrowing the runner vanes 4 is fixedly mounted on the
A runner band 11 is fixed to the other end of the runner vane 4. The outlet side of the runner vane 4 is provided with a suction pipe 12 communicating therewith, and the suction pipe 12 is provided with a suction pipe water level detector 16.

One end of supply / exhaust pipes 17 and 13 is connected to the top of the spiral casing 1 and the top of the suction pipe 12 so that they can communicate with each other. The other end of the supply / exhaust pipes 17 and 13 is connected to communicate with an air tank (not shown).

The main shaft 9 extends through the suction pipe 12, and has a supply / exhaust chamber 20 and a water supply chamber 21 at one end via a bearing 19. The supply / exhaust chamber 20 includes the main shaft 9.
The supply / exhaust pipe 22 is provided with a supply / exhaust valve 22a, and the other end of the supply / exhaust pipe 22 is connected to an air tank (not shown). FIG. 5 shows the spindle 9
The state of the cross section of is drawn in detail.

The water supply chamber 21 communicates with a water supply hole 9a formed in the main shaft 9 and has a water supply pipe 23 provided with a water supply valve 23a. The other end of the water supply pipe 23 is connected to communicate with the hydraulic pipe 31.

The side cover on the suction pipe side near the outer periphery of the runner
In FIG. 7, a plurality of openings 24a to 24d are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 4, and one of the openings 24a is set so that the guide vane 3 is fully closed. In this case, the guide vane 3 is provided at the lowest position in the runner chamber 3a, that is, at a position adjacent to the guide vane 3.

Each of the plurality of openings 24 is connected to an annular pipe (annular pipe) 25 via a connection pipe 25 '.
Further, the annular pipe 25 is provided with a water supply pipe 26 on the hydraulic pipe side.
Is connected to one end of the communication pipe 15.

The water supply pipe 26 is provided on the water supply pipe 2
6a, and the other end is connected to the output side of the bypass valve 34 of the bypass pipe 33. The communication pipe 15 has a drain valve 15 a in the middle, and the other end is connected to the water supply pipe 12.

For convenience, the connection pipe 25 ', the annular pipe 25, the communication pipe 15, and the water supply pipe 26 are collectively called a communication pipe. The water supply pipe 26 may be connected to the water pressure pipe 31 instead of being connected to the bypass pipe 33.

Next, the operation and effect of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.

A description will be given of a case where the water surface pushing-down operation is performed from a state in which the runner chamber is filled with water. First, the operation of each component for pushing down the water surface will be described. Inlet valve 32,
Bypass valve 34, exhaust valve 18a and water supply valve 23a, 2
6a is fully closed, the runner vanes 4 are stopped, and the supply and exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 17
a, 22a and the drain valve 15a are opened to supply high-pressure air from the air tank (not shown) to the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14, 1
It is guided to the casing 1, the runner chamber 3 a, and subsequently to the suction pipe 12 by 7 and 22. The high-pressure air gradually accumulates downward from above the casing 1, and conversely, water is discharged to the runner chamber 3 a and subsequently to the suction pipe 12.

The water in the lower part of the runner chamber 3a flows from the lowermost opening 24a to the communication pipe 15 forming the communication pipe 35.
When the water level gauge 16 of the suction pipe 12 reaches a predetermined level, the air supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 17a, 22a and the drain valve 15a are closed, and the runner vane is closed. 4 is started and the water surface pushing operation is started. In this state, the inside of the spiral casing 1 is drained.

Next, when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation to the pumping operation, first, the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14, 17, 22,
The supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a,
17a, 22a and the exhaust valve 18a are fully closed, the guide vane 3 and the drain valve 15a in the connecting pipe 15 are fully closed, and water is supplied to the spiral casing 1 from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31. The opening 2 disposed in the suction pipe side cover 7 in four equal parts via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape by opening the water supply valve 26a of the water pressure pipe water supply pipe 26.
Water is also supplied from 4a to 24d.

At the same time, the supply / exhaust valve 17 of the supply / exhaust pipe 17 provided near the top of the spiral casing 1 and in the back pressure chamber 6
(a) Open the exhaust valve 18a of the exhaust pipe 18 to discharge the high-pressure air inside the machine to the outside of the machine, and open the inlet valve 32 when the casing 1 is filled with water.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the suction pipe water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12 supplies water to the minimum diameter of the runner band 11 based on the water in the runner back pressure chamber 6. The water supply valve 23 of the water supply pipe 23 is provided on condition that it is detected.
a to open the main shaft 9 and communicate with the runner chamber 3a to start water supply from the water supply holes 9a provided in the circumferential direction at the same time and to fully close the water supply valve 26a which has been fully opened. To switch to spindle water supply.

At the same time, a supply / exhaust valve 13 a of a supply / exhaust pipe 13 provided at the top of the suction pipe 12 and a supply / exhaust valve 22 provided on a supply / exhaust pipe 22 communicating with a water supply hole 9 a provided inside the main shaft 9.
is controlled so that the air in the suction pipe 12 and the entire runner chamber 3a is drained and filled. At this time, the supply / exhaust valve 1 is set so that the inside of the runner chamber 3a is filled with the spindle water.
The opening degree control of 3a and 22a is performed.

On the other hand, during the water filling operation, the priming pressure on the inner side of the guide vane 3 is constantly monitored, and on condition that the priming pressure has reached a predetermined value.
To start pumping operation.

Therefore, the water is filled in the runner vane 4 almost uniformly in the circumferential direction, so that a uniform force acts on the runner vane 4 and abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed. In addition, since the uneven force in the circumferential direction, that is, the radial thrust is also reduced, the bearing 19 is safe without burning or the like.

In the above description, the suction pipe side side cover 7
Although the number of the openings 24 provided in the above is four, at least two openings 24 may be provided as long as they are equally spaced in the circumferential direction.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the single-wheel single-flow Francis pump-turbine as shown in FIG.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Two or more equally spaced openings 24 are provided in the stationary part side flow passage near the outer periphery of the runner and on the suction pipe side cover 7, and water is supplied to each of the openings 24. One end of the pipe 26 is connected, and the other end of each water supply pipe 26 is connected to the hydraulic pressure pipe 31 and the suction pipe 12 via the water supply valve 26a, respectively, so that the water to the runner vanes 4 is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Since it is performed, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.

(2) At least the guide vanes 3 among the openings 24 arranged at equal intervals in the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner and on the suction pipe side cover 7 are provided.
Is set in the stationary part side flow path located on the inner peripheral side of the guide vane 3 located at the lowest when the predetermined opening degree is set to a predetermined small opening degree or fully closed for the water surface depressing operation. The water in the chamber 3a can be lowered below the runner vanes 4, and vibration and unnecessary power due to interference between the runner vanes 4 and the water can be reduced.

(3) The inlet valve 32 is fully closed and the casing 1
When the operation is shifted from the water surface pushing-down operation performed by draining the inside to the water pumping or power generation operation, water is supplied to the casing 1 from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pressure pipe 31 while the guide vane 3 is fully closed, and the vicinity of the outer periphery of the runner 2 in the stationary part side flow path of
By supplying water from the openings 24 arranged at equal intervals at two or more places, the water is uniformly filled in the runner vanes 4 in the circumferential direction, so that abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.

(4) The inlet valve 32 is fully closed and the casing 1
When shifting from the water surface lowering operation performed by draining the inside to the pumping or power generation operation, with the guide vane 3 fully closed,
From the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31 to the casing 1
And a water supply valve 26a of the water supply pipe 6 is opened to supply water from an opening 24 provided on the suction pipe side cover 7 in the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner. Under the condition that the side pressure chamber 8 is filled with water and the runner chamber 3a is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band 11, the main body 9 is penetrated and communicated with the runner chamber 3a at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Since the water supply from the minimum diameter of the band 11 to the minimum diameter of the runner vane 4 is also uniformly performed in the circumferential direction, the water supply from the minimum diameter of the band 11 is controlled evenly in the circumferential direction. Vibration and noise can be suppressed, and it is possible to safely switch to pumping or power generation operation.

(5) The inlet valve 32 is fully closed and the casing 1
When shifting from the water surface lowering operation performed by draining the inside to the pumping or power generation operation, with the guide vane 3 fully closed,
From the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31 to the casing 1
And the water supply valve 26a of the water supply pipe 26 is opened to supply water from an opening 24 provided on the suction pipe side cover 7 near the outer periphery of the runner and on the suction pipe side cover 7. While the runner chamber 3a is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the runner band minimum diameter, while switching to main shaft water supply to supply water, while supplying and exhausting pipes 17 and suction pipes disposed at the top of the casing 1. 12, an exhaust pipe 17 provided at the top of the elbow and a supply / exhaust pipe 18 provided in the runner-side pressure chamber 8.
When the water is exhausted from the water supply hole 9a penetrating through the inside of the main shaft 9 from the runner chamber 3a and communicating with the outside, first, the exhaust valve 1 of the exhaust pipe 18 provided in the casing 1 and the side pressure chamber 8 is provided.
After the opening 8a is opened and exhausted, the lateral pressure chamber 8 is filled with water and the runner chamber 3a is filled with water to the minimum diameter of the runner band 11 from the outer peripheral side. Since the opening degree of the supply / exhaust valve 22a and the supply / exhaust valve 13a of the suction pipe 12 is controlled so as to further raise, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and the operation can be safely shifted to pumping or power generation operation.

<Second Embodiment> FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment according to the present invention of a single-wheel, single-flow Francis type pump-turbine. The same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is used.
And a drain pump 27 is installed in the middle of the suction pipe 12 so that the opening 24 communicates with the suction pipe 12.
Is provided with a spiral casing water level detector 28.

When the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are set to the fully closed state, and the runner is stopped in water and the water in the runner chamber 3a and the spiral casing 1 is discharged using high-pressure air, the suction pipe 12, the spiral Supply / exhaust pipes 9 communicating with supply / exhaust valves 13 a, 17 a of supply / exhaust pipes 13, 17 provided at the top of the casing 1 and exhaust holes provided inside the main shaft 9.
The open / close valve 22a provided in the runner chamber 3a is controlled to open.
Is supplied with high-pressure air.

Thereafter, the guide vane 3 is opened, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully opened, and the drain pump 27 is started. At this time, one of the openings 24 of the suction pipe side side cover 7 communicating with the communication pipe 15 is located at the lowest position when the guide vane 3 is set to the fully closed state. Can be lowered below the runner vanes 4, and vibration and unnecessary power due to interference between the runner vanes 4 and the water can be reduced.

Next, the drain valve 15a of the communication pipe 15 is fully closed on the condition that the water level detector 28 provided in the spiral casing 1 has reached a predetermined position where the water surface in the spiral casing 1 does not contact the runner vanes 4. I do.

On the other hand, on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined position by the water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 17a and 21a are fully closed to supply high-pressure air. To stop.

The operation in the case of controlling in this manner is as follows. By operating the drain pump 27, the water level in the spiral casing 1 is maintained at a level at which water does not come into contact with the runner vanes 4, and the water level in the suction pipe 12 is controlled in the spiral casing 1. Can be set at a position higher than the water level, so that the amount of high pressure air can be reduced. Further, the compressor capacity can be reduced without generating vibration due to interference between the runner vanes 4 and water.

According to the second embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The other end of the pipe connected to the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner and connected to two or more equally spaced openings on the suction pipe side cover is connected to the suction pipe. Since the drainage pump 27 is provided in the connecting pipe 15 between the valve of the connected pipe and the suction pipe 12 and the opening 24 and the suction pipe 12 are communicated, the water level of the suction pipe 12 is higher than the water level in the spiral casing 1. Because it can be set at a high position, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced, and the compressor capacity can be reduced.

(2) In the horizontal axis hydraulic machine having the water level detector 16 in the suction pipe 12, the inlet valve 32 is fully closed, and the guide vane 3 is set to a predetermined small opening degree or fully closed. When the water in the runner and the spiral casing 1 is discharged using high-pressure air while the runner is stationary in the water, the spindle water supply valve 23a and the suction pipe air supply valve 13a
To inject high-pressure air into the runner chamber. Thereafter, the guide vanes are opened and the drainage pump 27 is started,
The water in the casing 1 is drained to the suction pipe 12. The valve in the middle of the pipe is closed and the drain pump 27 is stopped on condition that the water surface position in the casing 1 has dropped to a predetermined position.

On the other hand, the supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber 3a is stopped on condition that the water in the suction pipe 12 has dropped to a predetermined water level, so that vibration due to interference between the runner vane 4 and water may occur. The amount of high-pressure air can be reduced, and the compressor capacity can be reduced.

<Third Embodiment> FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a third embodiment of a method of operating a horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention. is there.

FIG. 7 is different from FIG. 1 in the configuration of the main shaft (rotating shaft) 9. Specifically, a water supply hole 9a is provided inside the main shaft 9.
Water supply pipe 2 having a water supply valve 23a
3. The water supply chamber 21, the supply / exhaust chamber 20, and the supply / exhaust pipe 22 having the supply / exhaust valve 22a are omitted, and the supply / exhaust pipe 17 having the supply / exhaust valve 17a is omitted. Other configurations are shown in FIG.
Is the same as

The operation method of the horizontal hydraulic machine constructed as described above is performed as follows. That is, in the case where the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are fully closed and the bypass valve 34 is in an open state to shift from the water surface lowering operation performed while the spiral casing 1 is filled with water to the water pumping operation, the supply / exhaust pipe 1
3, 14, the supply / exhaust valve 13 provided in the exhaust pipe 18
a, 14a, exhaust valve 18a are all closed
In a state in which the drain valve 15a is fully closed, the water supply valve 26a of the hydraulic pressure pipe water supply pipe 26 is opened from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pressure pipe 31 via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape. This is an operation method in which water is supplied from the openings 24 equally arranged in the lower cover 7.

Therefore, all the water is supplied to the runner vane 4 uniformly in the circumferential direction.
A uniform force acts on the motor to suppress abnormal vibration and noise.
In addition, since the uneven force in the circumferential direction, that is, the radial thrust is also reduced, the bearing 19 is safe without burning or the like. Furthermore, since the spiral casing 1 has already been filled with water, this water filling time is not necessary, so that it is possible to immediately shift to the pumping operation.

Here, the background of such a driving method will be described. In any of the above-described conventional techniques, there have been some problems in the operation of pushing down the water surface and the operation of charging the runner chamber 3a with the moving water. In general, this type of operation is such that the runner vanes are rotating even though the running water is filled in the runner chamber 3a.

When the water level is lowered from the lower side of the suction pipe 12 as in the case of a vertical machine when the water level is lowered from the water level lowering operation such as the phase adjustment operation to the pumping or power generation operation, the contact between the moving water and the runner vanes 4 is caused. In order to avoid this, imbalance may occur and generate large vibrations and noises, which may cause operation failure.In order to avoid this, drain the inside of the casing and run idle with the guide vane fully closed. Several operation methods have been proposed in which the runner chamber is filled with water from a water supply pipe provided with two or more openings at equal intervals in the stationary part flow path.

This operation method is an excellent method that can smoothly transition to a pumping operation or a power generation operation without generating large vibration or noise due to imbalance when shifting from the water surface pushing operation to the water pumping or power generation operation. However, since the inside of the casing is drained,
There has been a problem that the capacity of the high-pressure air tank required to replace the water becomes large, and that it takes a long time to drain and fill the casing, so that it is not possible to shift the operation quickly.

On the other hand, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, which has been made from this point of view, excessive vibration and noise at the time of shifting from the water surface lowering operation to the pumping or power generation operation are reduced. There is provided a simple method of operating a horizontal hydraulic machine which is safe and can be moved more quickly without occurrence, and requires a small compressor and a high pressure air tank for producing high pressure air.

<Fourth Embodiment> FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a fourth embodiment of a method of operating a horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention. is there.

The structure shown in FIG. 8 is obtained by adding a water supply structure in the main shaft 9 to the structure shown in FIG. The main shaft 9 extends through the suction pipe 12, and has a water supply chamber 21 at one end via a bearing 19.

The water supply chamber 21 is provided with a water supply hole 9 formed inside the main shaft.
a and a water supply pipe 23 is provided with a water supply valve 23a. The other end of the water supply pipe 23 is connected to communicate with the hydraulic pipe 31.

In the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine constructed as described above, the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are fully closed, the bypass valve 34 is opened, and the water surface is pushed down while the spiral casing 1 is filled with water. When shifting from the operation to the pumping operation, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a and the exhaust valve 18a provided on the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14 and the exhaust pipe 18 are all closed, and the drain valve 15a provided on the communication pipe 15 is closed. Is completely closed, the suction pipe side cover is opened from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31 via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape by opening the water supply valve 26a of the water pressure pipe side water supply pipe 26. 7 to 4
Water is supplied from the evenly distributed openings 24, and then the runner back pressure chamber 6 is filled with the suction pipe water level detector 16 provided on the suction pipe 12 as shown in FIG. Under the condition that the water was filled, the water supply valve 23a of the water supply pipe 23 was opened to communicate with the runner chamber 3a through the inside of the main shaft 9, and provided in a circumferential direction as shown in FIG. Water supply hole 9
This is an operation method in which the water supply valve 26a is fully closed and water supply is switched from the main shaft water supply at the same time as the water supply is performed from a.

Therefore, not only can abnormal vibration and noise be suppressed over a wider range than in the third embodiment,
The same operation and effect of the embodiment can be obtained.

<Fifth Embodiment> FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a fifth embodiment of a method of operating a horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention. is there.

The configuration shown in FIG. 9 is the same as the configuration shown in FIG.
A supply / exhaust chamber 20 is provided on one side of the main shaft 9 via a bearing 19. The air supply / exhaust chamber 20 communicates with the air supply / exhaust 9 b opened inside the main shaft 9, and also connects the air supply / exhaust valve 2 to the air supply / exhaust pipe 22.
2a, the other end of the supply / exhaust pipe 22 is connected to an air tank (not shown).

A case in which the water level lowering operation is performed while the inside of the runner chamber 3a is filled with water will be described. First, the operation of each component for pushing down the water surface will be described. Inlet valve 3
2, bypass valve 34, exhaust valve 18a, water supply valve 23a,
6a and the guide vanes 3 are fully closed and the runner vanes 4
Is stopped, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 22a and the drain valve 15a are opened to supply high-pressure air from an air tank (not shown) through the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14, 22 to the runner chamber 3.
a, and then to the suction tube 12. This high-pressure air accumulates from above the runner chamber 3a to below, and conversely, water is accumulated in the runner chamber 3a.
From the suction pipe 12. The water in the lower part of the runner chamber 3a is discharged from the lowermost opening 24a to the suction pipe 12 through the communication pipe 15 forming the communication pipe 35, and the runner chamber 3a becomes empty, and the water level detector of the suction pipe 12 is detected. When 16 reaches a predetermined level, supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 22a
Then, the drain valve 15a is closed, the runner vane 4 is started, and the water level is lowered. In this state, the inside of the spiral casing 1 is filled with water.

In the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine constructed as shown in FIG. 9, the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are fully closed, the bypass valve 34 is open, and the water surface is maintained while the spiral casing 1 is filled. When shifting from the pushing down operation to the pumping operation, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, and the exhaust valve 18a provided on the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14 and the exhaust pipe 18 are all fully closed, and the drain valve on the connecting pipe 15 is closed. With the 15a fully closed, the water supply valve 26a of the hydraulic pressure pipe side water supply pipe 26 is opened from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pressure pipe 31, and the suction pipe side is opened via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape. 4 on cover 7
Water is supplied from the equally arranged openings 24, and then the runner back pressure chamber 6 is filled with the suction pipe water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12 as shown in FIG. Water supply pipe 23, provided that water is filled to the minimum diameter of
The water supply valve 23a is opened to communicate with the runner chamber 3a through the inside of the main shaft 9, and the water supply holes 9a provided in the circumferential direction are equally arranged.
At the same time as supplying more water, the water supply valve 26a is fully closed to switch to the main shaft water supply, and water is supplied. The supply / exhaust valve 22a provided in the supply / exhaust pipe 22 communicating with the hole 9a is controlled to open so as to fill the inside of the suction pipe 12 and the entire runner chamber 3a with water. At this time, the operation method is such that the opening degree control of the supply / exhaust valves 13a and 22a is performed so that the inside of the runner chamber 3a is filled with the water supply of the main shaft 9.

Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust can be smoothly performed, the transition to the pumping operation can be performed more quickly, and the same operation as the third embodiment can be performed. The effect is obtained.

<Sixth Embodiment> FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a sixth embodiment of the method of operating the horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine of the present invention. is there.

In FIG. 10, in addition to the structure shown in FIG. 9, a drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 and a drain pump 27 are provided in the middle of the suction pipe 12, so that the opening 24 and the suction pipe 12 communicate with each other. Things.

In the hydraulic machine configured as shown in FIG. 10, the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are set to fully closed,
When discharging the water in the runner chamber 3a using high-pressure air while the runner vane 4 is stationary in water, the water supply valve 23a provided in the water supply pipe 23 is closed, and the supply / exhaust pipe provided at the top of the suction pipe 12 is closed. The high-pressure air is supplied to the runner chamber 3a by controlling the opening of a supply / exhaust valve 22a provided in a supply / exhaust pipe 13 which communicates with a supply / exhaust valve 13a of 13 and a supply / exhaust hole 9b provided in the main shaft 9.

Thereafter, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully opened, and the drain pump 27 is started. And runner room 3a
Of the four openings 24 provided in the suction pipe side cover 7 has reached one level at the lowest position, and has dropped to a position where the water in the runner vane 4 and the water in the runner chamber 3a do not interfere with each other. Under the conditions, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully closed and the drain pump 27 is stopped.

On the other hand, on condition that the water in the suction pipe 12 has dropped to a predetermined position by the water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12, the supply / exhaust valves 13a and 22a are fully closed and the high pressure air is discharged. This is an operation method for stopping supply.

According to the sixth embodiment described above, the inside of the spiral casing 1 is not drained, and the inside of the runner chamber 3a and the suction pipe 1 are not drained.
Since only a part of the inside 2 is drained and replaced with high-pressure air, a small amount of high-pressure air may be used, the compressor and the air tank can be made compact, the draining time is short, and it is possible to quickly shift to idling start. In addition, the exhaust is smoothly performed, the shift to the pumping operation can be performed more quickly, and the same operation and effect as in the third embodiment can be obtained.

[0108]

According to the present invention described above, it is possible to quickly and safely shift to pumping or power generation load operation without generating excessive vibration and noise when shifting from water surface depressing operation to pumping or power generation operation. In addition, it is possible to provide a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine capable of reducing the amount of high-pressure air to a minimum when casing water is drained during a water surface pushing-down operation, and an operation method thereof.

Further, according to the present invention, pumping or pumping can be performed quickly and safely without generating excessive vibration and noise at the time of shifting from the water surface lowering operation performed with the casing filled with water to the pumping or power generation operation. It is possible to provide a method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that can shift to a power generation operation and can minimize the amount of high-pressure air during a water surface pushing-down operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a first embodiment of a single-axis single-flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one state during a water filling operation in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a first embodiment of a single-axis backward flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line YY in FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.

FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a second embodiment of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a third embodiment of a single-shaft, single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a fourth embodiment of a single-shaft, single-flow Francis-type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a fifth embodiment of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a sixth embodiment of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional single-axis single-flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Casing 2 ... Stay vane 3 ... Guide vane 3a ... Runner chamber 4 ... Runner vane 5 ... Generator motor side side cover 6 ... Runner back pressure chamber 7 ... Suction pipe side side cover 8 ... Runner side pressure chamber 9 ... Main shaft 9a ... Water supply hole 9b ... Supply / exhaust hole 10 ... Crown 11 ... Runner band 12 ... Suction pipe 13,14,17 ... Supply / exhaust pipe 13a, 14a, 17a ... Supply / exhaust valve 15 ... Communication pipe 15a ... Suction pipe side drain valve 16 ... Suction pipe water level detection Vessel 18 ... Exhaust pipe 18a ... Exhaust valve 19 ... Bearing 20 ... Supply / exhaust chamber 21 ... Water supply chamber 22 ... Supply / exhaust pipe 22a ... Supply / exhaust valve 23 ... Supply pipe 23a ... Supply valve 24 ... Opening near the outer periphery of the runner 25,25 '... circular pipe 26 ... hydraulic pipe side water supply pipe 26a ... hydraulic pipe side water supply valve 27 ... drain pump 28 ... vortex casing water level detector 30 ... kamiike 31 ... hydraulic pipe 32 ... in The valve 33 ... bypass pipe 34 ... bypass valve 35 ... communicating pipe

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yukio Yoneya 2-4-4 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside the Toshiba Keihin Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Itsuro Miyata 1-1-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Toshiba Corporation Head Office (72) Inventor Masakazu Kobayashi 6-15-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Power Supply Development Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshio Sasaki 6-15-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Power Supply (72) Inventor Hiroshi Uematsu 6-15-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Power Development Co., Ltd.

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A main shaft which is horizontally arranged and rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through a suction pipe and extending outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft,
A fluid passage from the hydraulic pipe is guided to guide vanes arranged on the outer periphery of the runner via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing communicated with the suction pipe via a stationary part side flow path wall. In the horizontal axis hydraulic machine, a plurality of openings are provided in a circumferential direction in a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. The opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside.The communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and pumps water from the water surface being pushed down. A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition to operation or power generation operation. 2. At least one of the plurality of openings is located at the lowest position when the guide vane is set to a predetermined small opening degree or a fully-closed state for the water surface lowering operation. The horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine is formed on a stationary portion-side channel side wall located on an inner peripheral side of the guide vane to be formed. 3. The horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein a drainage pump is provided in a communication pipe connected to the opening. A main shaft rotatably supported in a state where the main shaft is disposed in a horizontal direction and one end of the main shaft extends outside through the suction pipe, and a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft;
A fluid passage from the hydraulic pipe is guided to guide vanes arranged on the outer periphery of the runner via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing communicated with the suction pipe via a stationary part side flow path wall. In the horizontal axis hydraulic machine, a plurality of openings are provided in a circumferential direction in a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. The opening is configured to communicate with the outside through a communication pipe, and the communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and pumps water from a state where the water surface is pushed down. A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition to operation or power generation operation is provided, and a water supply hole penetrating through the inside of the main shaft is provided outside the runner chamber and the suction pipe. The horizontal axis hydraulic machinery for communicating the water chamber. 5. A main shaft, which is horizontally disposed, is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, and a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft.
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the inlet valve is fully closed, and the casing is drained from the water surface lowering operation to pumping or power generation. At the time of shifting to, while the guide vane is fully closed, water is supplied to the casing through the bypass valve, and a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings is opened, and The method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine characterized in that water is supplied substantially uniformly in the circumferential direction from each of the openings. 6. A main shaft which is horizontally disposed and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition is provided, and a water supply hole penetrating the inside of the main shaft is used to connect the runner chamber to a water supply chamber provided outside the suction pipe. Shaft hydro In the machine, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation performed by draining the casing to the pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, and the bypass valve is opened. While supplying water to the casing from a bypass pipe having the bypass valve, opening a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings,
Water is supplied almost uniformly in the circumferential direction from each of the plurality of openings,
The side pressure chamber formed in the vicinity of the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. A method for operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, characterized by switching over to main shaft water supply and supplying water. 7. A main shaft, which is horizontally disposed, is rotatably supported with one end thereof penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, and a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft.
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, and has one end communicating with the top of the casing, the top of the suction pipe, the runner-side pressure chamber, and the water supply hole of the main shaft. To do In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine in which an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve is connected to a part thereof, when the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from a water level lowering operation performed by draining the casing to a pumping or power generation operation, While the guide vane is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened to supply water from the bypass pipe to the casing, and to open a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings. Water is supplied substantially evenly in the circumferential direction from each of the plurality of openings, the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is configured such that a runner band is formed from the outer periphery of the runner. Under the condition that the water is filled to a small diameter, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, while exhausting each of the exhaust pipes by opening the exhaust valves provided in each of the exhaust pipes, first, After the exhaust valve of the exhaust pipe provided in the casing and the side pressure chamber is opened and exhausted, the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to a runner band minimum diameter, and then the suction pipe is A method for operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, comprising controlling the opening of the exhaust pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve so that the water level is raised from a runner band minimum diameter position. And a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft, the main shaft being disposed in a horizontal direction and rotatably supported with one end portion extending through the suction pipe and extending to the outside.
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of the transition is provided, and a plurality of water supply holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction while communicating with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft. Connected to the opening Of the passage pipes, a drain pump is provided in series with a valve disposed in the middle of a communication pipe whose other end is connected to the suction pipe, a top of the casing, and a top of the suction pipe. A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having one end connected to a water supply hole of the main shaft, and having an air supply valve in a part thereof and an air supply pipe connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air at the other end, The guide vane is set to a predetermined small opening state or a fully closed state after the inlet valve is fully closed, and the runner and the runner are set using high-pressure air while the runner is stationary in water. When discharging the water in the casing, the high pressure air is injected into the runner chamber by opening the air supply valve of the casing, the air supply valve of the main shaft, and the air supply valve of the suction pipe, and then the guide Open the vane and The drainage pump is started by opening a valve arranged in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe, draining the water in the casing to the suction pipe, and the water surface position in the casing is predetermined. The valve of the communication pipe is closed on the condition that the pressure has dropped to the position, and the drain pump is stopped, while the high-pressure air to the runner chamber is provided on the condition that the water of the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level. Method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine that stops the supply of water. 9. A main shaft which is horizontally disposed and rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve that connects the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the water level pushing-down operation in which the inlet valve is fully closed and the casing is filled with water is performed. When shifting to pumping or power generation operation from the bypass pipe with the guide vane fully closed and the bypass valve in the open state, a water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the opening is provided. A method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, characterized in that water is supplied through a plurality of openings provided in a stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner by opening operation. And a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft, the main shaft being disposed in a horizontal direction and rotatably supported with one end portion extending through the suction pipe and extending outside. A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. At the time of transition A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve communicating with the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe, penetrating through the inside of the main shaft and communicating with the runner chamber, and having a plurality of water supply holes formed in a circumferential direction. When the operation is shifted from the water surface pushing-down operation, which is performed while the casing is being filled with water, to the pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened, and the bypass pipe is opened. A water supply valve provided in the middle of a communication pipe connected to the runner is opened to supply water through an opening provided in a stationary portion side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner, and near a mounting portion of the runner on the main shaft. The water supply is performed by switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft on condition that the side pressure chamber formed in the main shaft is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. The operating method of the horizontal axis hydraulic machine. 11. A main shaft which is horizontally arranged and rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. At the time of transition A water supply valve communicating with the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe is provided, penetrates the inside of the main shaft and communicates with the runner chamber, and a plurality of water supply holes are formed in a circumferential direction, and a top of the suction pipe, In a horizontal axis hydraulic machine in which an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve is connected to a part of each of the runner side pressure chambers and one end of each of which communicates with a water supply hole of the main shaft, the inlet valve is fully closed, and the casing is When shifting from the water surface pushing operation performed while the inside is filled to the pumping or power generation operation, in a state where the guide vane is fully closed, a bypass valve provided in the bypass pipe is opened to open the bypass valve from the bypass pipe to the opening. Opening a water supply valve provided in the middle of the connected communication pipe to supply water through each opening provided in the stationary portion side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner, and near the mounting portion of the runner near the main shaft. Formed Side pressure chamber is filled with water,
On the condition that the runner chamber is filled with water from the runner outer periphery to the minimum diameter of the runner band, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, the exhaust valves respectively provided in the respective exhaust pipes are opened. When exhausting, first, the exhaust valve of the exhaust pipe provided in the side pressure chamber is opened and exhausted, and after the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to the runner band minimum diameter. And controlling the opening of the suction pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve so that the water level of the suction pipe rises from the runner band minimum diameter position. 12. A main shaft which is disposed in a horizontal direction and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, and a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft. A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. At the time of transition A water supply valve communicating with the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe was provided, penetrating the inside of the main shaft and communicating with the runner chamber, and a plurality of water supply holes were formed at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, and connected to the opening. Among the water supply pipes, a drain pump is provided between the valve and the suction pipe that are arranged in the middle of the communication pipe whose other end is connected to the suction pipe,
One end was connected to the top of the suction pipe and one of the water supply holes of the main shaft, and an air supply pipe having an air supply valve in a part thereof and connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air to the other end was connected. In the hydraulic machine, when the inlet valve is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened, the guide vanes are fully closed, and the runner is discharged from the runner chamber using high-pressure air from a stationary state in water. Opening the air supply valve of the main shaft and the air supply valve of the suction pipe to inject high-pressure air into the runner chamber, and on the condition that the water level drops to reach the lowest runner band position, Opening the valve disposed in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe to start the drain pump, draining the water in the runner chamber to the suction pipe, and setting the water surface position in the runner chamber to a predetermined value Contacted on condition that the water level has dropped to A horizontal axis hydraulic system in which the supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber is stopped on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level while closing the valve of the pipe and stopping the drain pump. How to operate the machine.