JPH11314051A - Water ejecting device and production of hollow member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve mass productivity, to eliminate the surface roughness characteristic to a forged product, and to improve quality by molding an appearance part by forging in a water ejecting device which has a water inlet and a water outlet in which a water passage is formed. SOLUTION: A water ejecting device main body 1 which is seated on the surface side of a counter 2 and can be fixed by tightening nuts from the back side of the counter 2 has a water inlet 5 to be connected to a water supply pipe, a water outlet 6, and a valve unit receiving port 7. The device main body 1 of brass is molded by forging. In this process, each member is preferably molded by forging, and the members are joined together in order to form the device main body 1. The joining on a partition line is done by welding in order to improve the appearance by eliminating seams apparently. Laser beams, preferably a YAG laser are used in the welding in order to reduce the material deterioration in the joining part on the partition line.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a water discharge device and a method for manufacturing a hollow member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent No. 2626898 is known as a water spouting device for integrally joining a plurality of members, but this device joins cast members by electric resistance welding and is not only poor in mass productivity. And had a surface roughness peculiar to the cast product. Since the water discharging device is noticeable, the surface roughness cannot be kept as it is, and it takes time to perform a polishing step and the like.

An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive water discharging apparatus having good mass productivity, small surface roughness and good appearance. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a hollow member capable of stably manufacturing a hollow member such as a water discharge device.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a water discharge device having a water inlet and a water discharge port and a water passage inside, by forging the outer part by forging. The surface roughness peculiar to a cast product can be eliminated while improving mass productivity.

In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of members each formed by forging are joined to form a water discharging device, whereby restrictions on the shape at the time of forging can be reduced. By joining the parts by welding, seams can be eliminated in appearance, so that the appearance is good.

[0006] More preferably, by welding with a laser beam, preferably a YAG laser, rapid heating and rapid cooling can be realized, and deterioration of the material of the joint can be reduced.

The present invention can also take a form in which a water passage is formed on the inner peripheral surface by joining a plurality of members. In such a case, welding of the inner peripheral surface portion is often difficult by welding, and when attempting to perform brazing, it is necessary to heat the entire plurality of members after arranging the brazing material in the joint portion, and heating the plurality of members. It is necessary to use a brazing material having a sufficiently low heating temperature so that there is no fear of deterioration of the material. Therefore, a separate member may be provided at the abutting portion on the inner peripheral surface.

It is desirable that, of the butted portions on the inner peripheral surface of the plurality of members, a portion connected to the appearance portion be joined by brazing.

In another embodiment according to the present invention, by providing a separate member for forming a water passage in addition to the plurality of members, the joining of the plurality of members on the inner peripheral surface can be eliminated.

[0010] The material of the plurality of members described above is desirably brass which is excellent in forgeability, and in particular, is made of brass.
By performing forging in a temperature range of 50 ° C. or less, a decrease in molding accuracy due to dezincification, adhesion of an oxide film, and thermal expansion caused by high-temperature forging at 700 ° C. or more can be reduced, so that the polishing step can be reduced.

Here, if forging is performed at a temperature of 650 ° C. or lower, there is a fear that elongation is reduced and deformation resistance is increased, and forgeability is deteriorated. However, in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of members are used. In the temperature range of 480 to 650 ° C., the average crystal grain size is 1
If it is configured to have a crystal structure of 5 μm or less and a β phase ratio of 30 to 80%, a decrease in elongation and an increase in deformation resistance can be reduced even when forging is performed at a temperature of 650 ° C. or less.
Incidentally, such a crystal structure has an apparent Zn content of 3%.
It can be realized by setting the content to 7 to 46 wt%. The term "apparent Zn content" means that A is Cu content [wt%], B is Zn content [wt%], Zn equivalent of a third element (for example, Sn) to which t is added, Q Is the content of the third element [wt%], “｛(B + t · Q) /
(A + B + t · Q)｝ 100.

In another embodiment, a plurality of members include:
At 450 ° C., the average crystal grain size is 15 μm or less, the ratio of α phase is 44 to 65%, the ratio of β phase is 10 to 55%, γ
If it is configured to have a crystal structure having a phase ratio of 1 to 25%, even if forging is performed at a temperature of 650 ° C. or less, reduction in elongation and increase in deformation resistance can be reduced, and dezincification and oxide film adhesion can be prevented. It can be further reduced, and the surface accuracy can be improved. Such a crystal structure has an apparent Zn content of 3
It can be realized by setting the Sn content to 7 to 46 wt% and the Sn content to 0.5 to 7 wt%.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, instead of joining a plurality of members each formed by forging, a water discharge member having a water discharge port and a water discharge flow rate from a front water discharge port are adjusted. And at least three openings for attaching the water discharging member, the operating part, and the water supply pipe.
And a water discharge main body having a water discharge main body, and the water discharge main body can be formed by forging. In this case, the inner wall surface of the water discharge main body may be a direct water passage, or a member constituting the water passage may be separately built in.

The form of the water discharge main body includes a tubular portion having openings at the upper and lower ends, a second tubular portion projecting from the outer wall of the tubular portion and having an opening at the end, and an upper end. A cylindrical portion having an opening, and each projecting from the cylindrical portion outer wall,
A form having second and third cylindrical portions having openings at the ends is possible. The tubular portion and the second (or third) tubular portion are preferably integrally forged, but if the form is complicated, those separately forged may be joined.

Further, the water discharge main body may be configured so as to incorporate a cartridge having a water purification function, and may be configured such that a water supply pipe, an outgoing pipe to the water purification apparatus, and a return pipe from the water purification apparatus are attached.

[0016] The method of manufacturing the spout body is as follows.
It is desirable to forge below, in which case, 480-6
A material having a crystal structure with an average crystal grain size of 15 μm or less and a β phase ratio of 30 to 80% or an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 wt% in a temperature range of 50 ° C., or
At 50 ° C., the average crystal grain size is 15 μm or less, the α phase ratio is 44 to 65%, the β phase ratio is 10 to 55%, and the γ phase ratio is 1 to 25%. The amount is 37 to 46 wt%, and the Sn content is 0.5 to 7
It is desirable to use a material that is wt%. The reason for using these materials and the manufacturing method is the same as in the case of a plurality of members described above.

The water discharge body described above has excellent properties not only in forgeability but also in dezincification corrosion resistance, especially when the Sn content is 0.5 to 7 wt%. . Therefore, in another aspect of the present invention, at least a water discharge member having a water discharge port, an operation unit for adjusting a water discharge flow rate from the water discharge port, and an opening for attaching the water discharge member, the operation unit, and the water supply pipe are provided. In the water discharge device including the three water discharge main bodies, the water discharge main body has an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 wt% and a Sn content of 0.5 to 7 wt%.
%, Preferably formed of a brass material having a Pb content of 0.07 wt% or less, it is possible to provide a water spouting device having excellent dezincification corrosion properties and the like.

In particular, when the water discharging member has a tube, a brass tube having an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 wt%, a Sn content of 0.5 to 7 wt%, and a Pb content of 0.07 wt% or less. In addition, a brass tube having a crystal structure in which the area ratio of the β phase is 10 to 30% or a crystal structure in which the area ratio of the γ phase is 3 to 30% can be used. In other words, conventional single-phase tubing generally has an α single phase and is inferior in cutting and polishing properties.
In the present embodiment, the above composition improves the machinability and abrasiveness as an area ratio of the β phase and the γ phase.

Incidentally, in the conventional pipe material, the cutting property and the polishing property have been improved by adding Pb.
By optimizing the area ratio of the phase and the γ phase, the machinability and the abrasion were improved, so that the Pb content could be reduced.

Further, a special forging method is required to form the water discharge main body as described above by forging. Therefore,
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a hollow member having a tubular portion having a first opening and a second tubular portion projecting from an outer wall of the tubular portion and having a second opening at an end. A first step of placing the material in a mold, inserting a first punch into the material to form a first opening, and removing the meat corresponding to the second cylindrical portion. A second step of forming;
A third step of inserting a second punch into the meat with the first punch inserted to form a second opening, and a fourth step of cutting the inner peripheral surface after removing all punches. Since the first punch is used as a mold for inserting the second punch, the second cylindrical portion can be formed stably.

It should be noted that a plurality of second cylindrical portions may be provided, and in that case, they can be formed by inserting a plurality of second punches.

As a preferred embodiment, by inserting the second punch into the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion, the extra thickness at the tip of the second punch protrudes inward from the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion. Therefore, the excess thickness can be removed simultaneously with the cutting of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion.

More preferably, a recess is provided on the side surface of the first punch, and the second punch is inserted in the vicinity of the recess, so that the forward trajectories of the first and second punches interfere with each other.
Since the two punches do not collide, the excess thickness can be reduced as much as possible. In particular, if the thickness of the gap between the outer periphery of the second punch and the outer periphery of the concave portion is made substantially uniform, the material flows uniformly in the direction opposite to the advance of the second punch in accordance with the advance of the second punch. It is easy to eliminate cracks and underfills when forming a deep hole shape.

The cylindrical portion has a third opening at the lower end. In the second step, a third punch is inserted into the material to form the third opening. A step may be included, and the bottomed shape of only the first opening may be used.

In particular, when a third opening is provided at the lower end, and a third punch is inserted into the material, a concave portion is formed on the side of the tip of each of the first and third punches. As described above, the same effect as when the concave portion is provided on the side surface of the first punch can be obtained.

In the forging method as described above, the first material
In order to insert the second punch while inserting the punch of
A problem is thermal deformation of the first punch due to heat transfer from the material. Further, in order to form a shape like the second cylindrical portion, it is necessary to slowly advance the second punch, so that the thermal deformation of the second punch due to the heat transfer from the material is also a problem.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, forging is performed at a temperature of 650 ° C. or less (a conventional brass forging method is 700 ° C. or more), thereby dezincing as in the case of forging a plurality of members described above. In addition to reducing the adhesion of oxide film, thermal expansion deformation, etc., the first forging method as described above
Thermal deformation of the second punch can be reduced, and durability can be ensured.

Further, in order to form a shape like the second cylindrical portion, it is necessary to ensure high ductility and low deformation resistance. In the present embodiment, the temperature range of 480 to 650 ° C. And the average crystal grain size is 15 μm or less, and the ratio of β phase is 30 to 80.
% Crystal structure and apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 w
A material having a composition of t% or an average crystal grain size of 15 μm or less at 450 ° C. and an α phase ratio of 44 to 65.
%, The ratio of the β phase is 10 to 55%, and the ratio of the γ phase is 1 to 25.
% Crystal structure and apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 w
Since a material with a Sn content of 0.5% to 7% by weight is used, high ductility and low deformation resistance are ensured even at a low temperature, and a shape like the second cylindrical portion is formed. It can be molded stably.

[0029]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 is a water discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention,
A water discharge device body 1 made of brass is seated on the front side of the counter 2, and is fixed from the back side of the counter 2 by a nut 4 via a washer 3.

The water discharge device main body 1 has a water inlet 5, a water discharge port 6, and a valve unit receiving port 7, which are connected to a water supply pipe (not shown). The valve unit 8 is inserted as shown.

In the present embodiment, such a water discharge device main body 1 is formed by forging. Here, if the structure of the water discharge device main body 1 is relatively simple, it can be formed only by forging and subsequent cutting, but if the shape is as shown in FIG. 1, it can be formed only by forging and subsequent cutting. It is difficult to do.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the water discharge device main body 1 is formed by joining a plurality of members each formed by forging.

This will be described below. FIG. 3 shows a dividing line of the water discharge device main body 1 into a plurality of members.
FIG. 4 shows an example of dividing in the direction of arrow A, FIG. 5 shows an example of dividing in the direction of arrow BB, and FIG. 6 shows an example of dividing in the direction of arrow CC.

In the present embodiment, the joining at these dividing lines is performed by welding, so that the appearance is good by eliminating the seams.

Specific welding methods include laser light,
Preferably, by welding with a YAG laser, rapid heating and rapid cooling can be realized, and the deterioration of the material of the joint at the division line can be reduced.

The member divided into the members 1a and 1b shown in FIG. 4 is excellent in joining cost because of a short joining line, and is inexpensive. On the other hand, the hollow portion of the member 1b having a closed shape is greatly cut. Must be applied and the cutting cost and material yield are somewhat inferior.

Further, the members 1a and 1a 'having the water outlets 6 and 6' (not shown) of different shapes with respect to the member 1b.
(Not shown) can be joined, so that productivity is improved for various products having different water outlet shapes.

The members 1c and 1d shown in FIG. 5 have an open shape so that the cutting cost does not increase and the material yield does not deteriorate as in the hollow portion in FIG. The cost is somewhat inferior.

Further, since members 1c and 1c '(not shown) having valve unit receiving ports 7 and 7' (not shown) of different shapes can be joined to member 1d, the valve unit shapes are different. Productivity is improved for various types of products.

The members 1e and 1f shown in FIG. 6 are more open than those shown in FIG. 5, so that the cutting cost can be further reduced and the material yield can be further increased. Since the length is long, the joining cost is slightly inferior. Furthermore, the butt portion 10 is provided inside the members 1e and 1f.
There are some restrictions on the joining method compared to the other two examples.

The problem of the seal will be described in detail in the following example. FIG. 7 shows a dividing line into a plurality of members of a water discharge device main body 22 having a water discharge port 20 formed therein and having a water passage 21 therein, and schematically shows an example in which the water discharge device is divided in the direction of arrow AA in the figure. 8 is shown in FIG. 8, and similarly, FIG. 9 shows an example of division in the BB arrow direction.

FIG. 8 shows an upper member 23 of an example divided in the direction of arrow AA.
Are provided.

In the case of such an upper member 23, it is necessary to join not only the outer peripheral portion 23a but also the inner peripheral portions of the holes 21a and 21b for the sake of water sealing, but welding is used for the outer peripheral portion 23a. However, using welding for the outer peripheral portions of the holes 21a and 21b has many practical problems, and is limited by the joining method.

As a joining method other than welding, brazing can be cited, but when the outer peripheral portions of the holes 21a and 21b are brazed as shown in the figure, it is necessary to heat the entire upper member 23, and the upper member 23 is heated. It is necessary to use a brazing material having a sufficiently low heating temperature so that there is no fear of deterioration of the material.

As another method, as shown in FIG.
There is also a method of disposing the packing 24 and sealing the water without bonding the inner peripheral portions 1a and 21b. In this case, it is necessary to prevent the thermal expansion at the time of joining from reaching the packing 24, but the above-described welding joining method using laser light is also suitable in this respect.

FIG. 9 shows an upper member 25 of an example divided in the direction of the arrows BB. The upper member 25 includes a hole 21c forming the water passage 21 and a water outlet from the water passage 21. 6
21d.

In the case of such an upper member 25, welding is used for the outer peripheral portion 25a, and packing 24 is disposed for the inner peripheral portion of the hole 21c to seal the water. However, the outer peripheral portion 25a is used for the transition portion 21d. Packing and the like cannot be used because it interferes with the joining line of.

Therefore, in such a case, the transition portion 21
The outer edge of d is preferably brazed with a brazing material 26. If the heating temperature of the brazing material is detrimental to the packing, a hole 2
Brazing is also used for 1c.

It should be noted that, as described with reference to FIGS.
It is necessary to water seal the outer peripheral portion of the upper member 23 and the like because the inner peripheral surface of the upper member 23 and the like is used as the water passage 21 in the first place. There is a method in which another pipe member is inserted inside the peripheral surface, and the water passage 21 is formed by this pipe member.

This is shown in FIG. Since the pipe member 31 is inserted into the water discharge device main body 30 shown in FIG. 10, when joining the members obtained by dividing the water discharge device main body 30 in the direction of arrow AA in the drawing, The inner peripheral surface 32 does not need to be treated for water sealing. Reference numeral 33 denotes a valve unit provided in the middle of the pipe member 31.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 10, only the external parts of the plurality of members need to be joined, and it is not necessary to join the inner peripheral surfaces of the plurality of members, so that the joining cost can be greatly reduced.

As described above, when joining a plurality of members each formed by forging, it is necessary to increase the dimensional accuracy of each member and perform the surface matching of the joining surfaces of the members.

However, conventional forging using brass has been carried out at a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more. Therefore, when the above-mentioned plural members are joined at a high temperature due to dezincification, adhesion of an oxide film, thermal expansion deformation and the like. There was a problem that sufficient dimensional accuracy could not be obtained for the fitting accuracy of the above, post-processing was required, and a step or the like caused by a dimensional error of the joint surface increased the polishing step cost of the outer peripheral surface.

Therefore, in this embodiment, forging of a plurality of members is performed at a temperature of 650 ° C. or less, thereby reducing zinc removal, adhesion of an oxide film, thermal expansion deformation, and the like, and improving dimensional accuracy. There is no need to perform an extra post-process for aligning the joining surfaces of the members or an extra polishing process for eliminating the joining step.

Here, if forging is performed at a temperature of 650 ° C. or less, there is a fear that the elongation is reduced and the deformation resistance is increased, so that the forgeability is deteriorated and the dimensional accuracy is rather deteriorated. It has been proposed to use a material that achieves high ductility and low deformation resistance while reducing dezincification and oxide film adhesion by low-temperature forging at 650 ° C. or lower.

Specifically, the apparent Zn content is 37
Having a composition having a Sn content of 0.5 to 7 wt% and a Pb content of 0.07 wt% or less;
At 0 ° C., the ratio of the α phase is 44 to 65%, and the ratio of the β phase is 10%.
~ 55%, γ phase ratio is 1 ~ 25%, average grain size 15
By preparing a brass material having a crystal structure [crystal structure (1)] of μm or less, the forging temperature of the conventional brass (70)
0,083 / sec.
giving a 50% strain at a strain rate of c without breakage;
No damage by applying 25% strain at a strain rate of 0.0083 / sec, 3 at a strain rate of 0.083 / sec
Duty that satisfies at least one of 0% strain and no breakage can be realized.

Here, the term "apparent Zn content" means that A is Cu content [wt%], B is Zn content [wt%], and t is a third element (for example, Sn). Z
When n equivalents and Q are the content of the third element [wt%], “{(B + t · Q) / (A + B + t · Q)} × 10
0 ”is used.

Next, FIG. 11 shows the difference in the deformation resistance between the brass material according to this embodiment and the conventional material. FIG.
Are temperature and deformation resistance (= maximum apparent stress in tensile test = Pmax / A0, Pmax = maximum load, A0
= Initial cross-sectional area of the test piece) is a result of a study on a case of a low strain rate (8.3 × 10 −4) as an example of the relationship. On the other hand, it was found that the brass material had extremely low temperature dependence of the deformation resistance. For this reason, although the deformation resistance of the conventional material and the brass material at 650 ° C. is almost the same, the deformation resistance of the brass material in the entire temperature range lower than that is much lower than that of the conventional material.

The conventional material mentioned here is Cu59.0.
wt%, Sn 0.25 wt%, Pb1.54 wt%, F
e having a composition of 0.18 wt% and Zn 39.0 wt%,
At 450 to 550 [deg.] C., those having a crystal structure with an α phase ratio of 74 to 78%, a β phase ratio of 22 to 26%, a γ phase ratio of 0%, and an average crystal grain size of more than 15 μm were used.

Further, as a crystal structure which substitutes for the above-mentioned crystal structure, the composition has an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46% by weight, and at 480 to 650 ° C., a β phase ratio of 30 to 80%.
%, And by preparing a brass material having a crystal structure [crystal structure (2)] having an average crystal grain size of 15 μm or less, even at a lower temperature than the conventional forging temperature (700 ° C.) of brass, 0.00083. No damage by applying 160% strain at a strain rate of / sec, no damage by applying 50% strain at a strain rate of 0.0083 / sec, 0.0
A ductility that satisfies at least one of the following: 30% strain at 83 / sec strain rate and no breakage. It has been confirmed that the deformation resistance does not increase so much even in a low temperature range.

The above is an embodiment in which it is difficult to form only by forging and subsequent cutting as shown in FIG.
An embodiment in which molding is performed only by forging and subsequent cutting will be described below.

FIG. 12 shows a water discharge device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The water discharge device includes a water discharge main body 40, an operation section 41, a water discharge member 43 having a water discharge port 42, a water supply pipe 44,
The water discharge main body 40 includes a going pipe 45 and a return pipe 46.
The lower end 40a of the water supply pipe 44,
The going pipe 45 and the returning pipe 46 are normally concealed.

FIG. 13 shows the configuration of a water channel of the water discharge device shown in FIG. 12. Water supplied from a water supply pipe 44 is supplied to a water purifier 48 (FIG. 13) via an on-off valve 47 built into the water discharge main body 40 and a going pipe 45. (Concealed under the sink), and after the chlorine is removed by the activated carbon built in the water purifier 48, the return pipe 46
Through the water outlet 42. That is, the water discharge from the water discharge port 42 is controlled by opening and closing the on-off valve 47 by operating the operation unit 41.

Next, FIG. 14 is a diagram showing forging of the water discharge main body 40. First, a brass material 51 is placed on a lower mold 50 having the external shape of the water discharge main body 40 (FIG. 14A), and an upper mold (not shown) is aligned with the lower mold 50 from above. Forward simultaneously, two openings 5
At the same time as the formation of 4 and 55, the meat portion 56 is made to protrude to the side [FIG. 14B].

While the left and right punches 52 and 53 are stopped, the side punch 57 is advanced to the meat portion 56 so that the third opening 58 is formed.
[FIG. 14C], the left and right punches 52 and 53 are formed.
Are formed with concave portions 52a and 53a at the tip of
The side punch 57 is made to extend more inward than the outer peripheral surface of the left and right punches 52 and 53 (the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion in the final molded product). The reason for this will be described later.

Here, while the concave portion 52a is deeply hollowed out, the concave portion 53a is deeply hollowed out.
This is because the tip shape of the side punch 57 and the shapes of the concave portions 52a and 53a are similar to each other, and the thickness of the gap between the side punch 57 and the concave portions 52a and 53a is made uniform. If you do this,
In accordance with the advance of the side punch 57, the material is likely to flow uniformly in the direction opposite to the advance of the side punch 57 (the direction of the dotted arrow in the figure), and cracks and underfills can be eliminated.

Subsequently, after all the punches are retracted, [FIG.
4 (d)], the upper and lower dies are opened, and the forging 59 is released [Fig.
4 (e)], the opening 5
4 and 55 are penetrated to form the tubular portion 60, and the opening 58 and the tubular portion 60 are penetrated to form the side tubular portion 61,
A step, a screw, and the like on the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 60 are formed [FIG.
(F)]. Thereafter, a step portion, a screw, and the like on the inner periphery of the side tube portion 61 are formed to form the water discharge main body 40 (FIG. 14G).

The operation section 41 is provided in the opening 54 and the opening 5 is provided.
5, a water supply pipe 44, an outgoing pipe 45, and a return pipe 46 are provided with an opening 58.
The water discharge members 43 are attached to each other to form the water discharge device shown in FIG.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 14E to 14F, the penetration between the opening 58 and the cylindrical portion 60, that is, the removal of the excess thickness 62 is performed simultaneously with the cutting of the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 60.
The manufacturing process is simplified. That is, if the surplus portion 62 is outside the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 60 (the virtual line 6 in the figure).
2a), after cutting the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 60, it is necessary to perform cutting to remove the excess thickness 62a.

In the forging method as shown in FIG. 14, the left and right punches 52, 53 are inserted into the brass material 51 while the left and right punches 52, 53 are inserted. Becomes a problem. Further, in order to form a deep hole shape such as the side cylindrical portion 61, it is necessary to slowly advance the side punch 57. Therefore, thermal deformation of the side punch 57 due to heat transfer from the brass material 51 is another problem. Met.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, forging is performed at a temperature of 650 ° C. or less (a conventional brass forging method is 700 ° C. or more), thereby removing zinc, similarly to the above-described embodiment of forging a plurality of members. In addition to reducing the adhesion of the oxide film, the thermal expansion deformation, and the like, the forging method shown in FIG. 14 can also reduce the thermal deformation of the left and right punches 52, 53 and the side punch 57, thereby ensuring durability.

Further, in order to form a deep hole shape such as the side cylindrical portion 61 shown in FIG. 14, it is necessary to ensure high ductility and low deformation resistance. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as a specific material of the brass raw material 51, the apparent Zn content is 37 to 46 wt% and the Sn content is similar to the above-described embodiment.
The content is 0.5 to 7 wt% and the content of Pb is 0.07 w
having a composition of t% or less, and the above-mentioned crystal structure (1),
By adopting (2) (when the Sn content is not satisfied, the crystal structure (2) can be obtained), high ductility and low deformation resistance are realized even at a low temperature as in the above-described embodiment. It is.

The crystal structures 1 and 2 shown above were both forged, but in this embodiment, the water discharge main body 4
0 particularly contains 0.5 to 7% by weight of Sn to form the following crystal structures (3) to (5) at room temperature after forging.
have. The crystal structure will be described below.

(3) Two phases α + β, the area ratio of the β phase is 15% or more, and the average crystal grain size of the remaining α phase, α, β phase is 1
5 μm or less, Sn concentration in β phase is 1.5 wt% or more.

(4) Mainly two phases of α + γ phase, the area ratio of β phase is less than 2%, the area ratio of γ phase is 8 to 15%, and the average crystal grain size of the remaining α phase and α phase is 15 μm or less. The average crystal grain size (minor axis) of the γ phase is 8 μm or less, the γ phase is scattered at the grain boundaries of the α phase, and the Sn concentration in the γ phase is 8 wt% or more.

(5) Among the three phases α + β + γ, the α phase has an area ratio of 40 to 94%, the β phase has an area ratio of 3 to 30%, and γ
The area ratio of the phase is 3 to 30%, and the Sn concentration in the γ phase is 8 wt.
% Or more, and the γ phase is arranged so as to surround the β phase.

The crystal structure (3) can be obtained by quenching with water cooling or the like from a temperature higher than the transformation temperature range of the crystal phase (for example, 650 ° C.). ) For 2 h to reduce the area ratio of the β phase. And the crystal structure (5)
From above the transformation temperature range of the crystalline phase (eg 650 ° C.)
It can be obtained by slightly lowering the cooling rate as compared with the crystal structure (3).

According to the crystal structures (3) to (5), the following characteristics (A) to (C) can be obtained.

(A) Japanese Industrial Standard JIS C-3604
A cutting resistance index of 80 or more based on a free-cutting brass bar according to

(B) Japan Copper and Brass Association Technical Standard JBMA T
When performing a dezincification corrosion test in accordance with -303, if the maximum dezincification depth direction is parallel to the processing direction, the maximum dezincification depth is 100 μm or less, or the maximum dezincification depth direction is perpendicular to the processing direction. In this case, the properties satisfy the corrosion resistance with a maximum dezincing depth of 70 μm or less. In the case of a forged product, when a dezincification corrosion test was conducted in accordance with the Japan Copper and Brass Association Technical Standard JBMA T-303, this corresponds to the case where the maximum dezincification penetration depth direction is perpendicular to the processing direction. It shall satisfy the characteristics satisfying the corrosion resistance of 70 μm or less.

(C) When the cylindrical sample was exposed to an ammonia atmosphere on a 14% aqueous ammonia solution for 24 hours while applying a load, the maximum stress at which the sample did not crack was 180 N / m.
Characteristics of m2 or more.

The cutting resistance index of (A) will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 15. In the cutting test, a round bar-shaped sample 7 was used on a lathe.
100 [m / min] and 400 [m / mi]
n], and the main component force Fv was measured while cutting at two different speeds. The cutting resistance index is a free-cutting brass rod (Japanese Industrial Standard JIS C-
3604). (The cutting resistance index for each cutting speed was averaged.)

As shown in FIG. 16, the SCC resistance test shown in FIG. 16C was carried out in a NH 3 vapor atmosphere in a state where a load was applied vertically to the cylindrical sample 73 in the glass digitizer 72.
After time exposure, the occurrence of cracks was investigated.

According to the crystal structures (3) to (5),
Also shows good characteristics in erosion corrosion resistance. FIG.
Shows the method of the erosion corrosion resistance test. In the erosion corrosion resistance test, as shown in FIG. 17, a cylindrical sample 75 having an orifice 74 therein was used, and after flowing water through the orifice 74 at a flow rate of 40 m / sec for a predetermined time, 4.9 × 10 ⁵ Pa (5Kg / cm
The tightening torque to the resin stopper 76 required for sealing the orifice 74 under the water pressure of 2) was measured.

The results of the test shown in FIG. 17 are as shown in FIG. 18, and the brass material having the crystal structures (3) to (5) obtained better characteristics than the conventional example. In the conventional example, the content of Sn is 0.1.
Less than 5 wt% was used.

Next, a modified example of the water discharging device shown in FIG.
It is shown in FIG. The water discharge device shown in FIG. 19 includes a water discharge main body 80, an operation unit 81, a water discharge member 84 having a water discharge pipe 82 and a water discharge port 83, a water supply pipe 85, a going pipe 86, and a return pipe 87. Is the same as FIG.

The water discharge main body 80 has the same composition as the water discharge main body 40 shown in FIG. 12 and can have the crystal structures (1) to (5), and is formed by the forging method shown in FIG.

Subsequently, a further modified example is shown in FIG.
The water discharge device shown in FIG. 20 includes a water discharge main body 90, an operation unit 91,
A water discharge member 94 having a water discharge pipe 92 and a water discharge port 93, and a water supply pipe 95 are provided. The water channel configuration is different from that in FIG. 13, and the water discharge main body 90 has an open / close valve and a water purifier (both not shown). Is built-in.

The water discharge main body 90 has the same composition as that of the water discharge main body 40 shown in FIG. 12, can have the crystal structures (1) to (5), and is formed by the forging method shown in FIG.

FIG. 21 shows still another modification. FIG.
Is a water discharge member 10 having a water discharge main body 100, an operation unit 101, a water discharge pipe 102, and a water discharge port 103.
4. It is provided with a water supply pipe mounting portion 105, which is of a type that is mounted on a wall differently from the above three embodiments. Similar to FIG. 20, the water discharge main body 100 has an on-off valve and a water purifier (both not shown) ) Is built-in.

The water discharge main body 100 has the same composition as the water discharge main body 40 shown in FIG. 12 and can have the crystal structures (1) to (5), but it is different from the forging method shown in FIG. Molded. The different parts will be described with reference to FIG.

That is, in FIG.
2 and 53 are advanced simultaneously, two openings 54 and 55 are formed, and the meat portion 56 is projected to the side. In the present embodiment, the left punch 52 is advanced to form only the opening 54. While having a bottomed shape, two meat portions corresponding to the attachment portion of the operation portion 101 and the water supply pipe attachment portion 105 are protruded to the side.

Next, in FIG. 14C, the left and right punches 52, 5
3 is stopped, the side punch 57 is advanced to the meat portion 56 to form the opening 58. In the present embodiment, while the left punch 52 is stopped, two side punches are formed in the two meat portions. To form two openings.

In FIG. 14, recesses 52a and 53a are formed at the tips of the left and right punches 52 and 53, respectively, and the side punch 57 extends inward from the outer peripheral surfaces of the left and right punches 52 and 53. In the present embodiment, two concave portions are formed on the side surface (portion other than the tip) of the left punch 52,
The two side punches advance to the vicinity of the two concave portions inside the outer peripheral surface of the left punch 52. In this case, the shape of the tip of the side punch and the shape of the recess are made similar, and the thickness of the gap between the side punch and the recess is made uniform as in FIG.
The cutting can be performed in exactly the same manner as in FIGS.

In the water discharge devices of FIGS. 19 to 21, the water discharge pipes 82, 92 and 102 are shown.
Regarding 2 and 102, it is possible to take the crystal structures (1) to (5) with the same composition as the water discharge main body 40 shown in FIG.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a water discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural explanatory view of a water discharge device main body 1 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a division line of the water discharge device main body 1 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an example of dividing in the direction of arrow AA in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an example of division in the direction of arrow BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an example of division in the direction of the arrows CC in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a view showing division lines of the water discharge device main body 22 according to the embodiment.

8 is an upper member 23 of an example divided in the direction of arrow AA in FIG.

9 is an upper member 25 of an example divided in the direction of arrow BB in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a water discharge device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a brass material according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional material.
Relationship between temperature and deformation resistance

FIG. 12 is an external view of a water discharge device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a water channel configuration of the water discharging device.

FIG. 14 is a view showing forging of a water discharge main body 40 of the water discharge device.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a cutting test of the embodiment.

FIG. 16 shows stress corrosion cracking resistance (SCC resistance) of the embodiment.
Illustration of test

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of an erosion corrosion resistance test of the same embodiment.

FIG. 18 shows a result of an erosion corrosion resistance test of the same embodiment.

19 is a modified example of the water discharge device shown in FIG.

20 is a further modified example of the water discharge device shown in FIG.

21 is another modified example of the water discharge device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water discharge device main body, 1a-1f ... The member which divided the water discharge device main body 1, 2 ... Counter, 3 ... Washer, 4 ... Nut, 5
... water inlet, 6 ... water outlet, 7 ... valve unit receiving port, 8 ... valve unit, 10 ... butting part, 20 ...
Outlet, 21 ... water passage, 21a-21c ... hole, 21d ...
Transition part, 22: water discharge device main body, 23: upper member, 23a
... outer peripheral part, 24 ... packing, 25 ... upper member, 26 ... brazing material, 30 ... water discharging device main body, 31 ... pipe member, 32 ... inner peripheral surface, 33 ... valve unit, 40 ... water discharging main body, 41 ...
Operation units 41, 42: water outlet, 43: water discharge member, 44: water supply pipe, 45: outgoing pipe, 46: return pipe, 47: open / close valve, 4
8 ... water purifier, 50 ... lower mold, 51 ... brass material, 52 ... left punch, 52a ... recess, 53 ... right punch, 53a ... recess,
54, 55 ... opening, 56 ... meat part, 57 ... side punch, 5
Reference Signs List 8 opening, 59 forging, 60 cylinder part, 61 lateral cylinder part, 80 water discharge main body, 81 operation part, 82 water discharge pipe, 8
Reference numeral 3: water discharge port, 84: water discharge member, 85: water supply pipe, 86 ... going pipe, 87 ... return pipe, 90 ... water discharge main body, 91 ... operation section,
92 ... water discharge pipe, 93 ... water discharge port, 94 ... water discharge member, 95 ...
Water supply pipe, 100: water discharge main body, 101: operation unit, 102 ...
Water discharge pipes 102, 103: water discharge port, 104: water discharge member, 1
05 ... Water pipe mounting part

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Ashie 2-1-1 Nakajima, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka Tochiki Kiki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Jun Yamauchi Nakajima, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 2-1-1, Totoki Kiki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenichiro Nakao 2-1-1, Nakajima, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka Totoki Kiki Co., Ltd.

Claims (41)

[Claims] 1. A water discharge device having a water inlet and a water discharge port and having a water passage therein, wherein the external part from the water supply port to the water discharge port is formed by forging. 2. The water discharging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water discharging apparatus is formed by joining a plurality of members each formed by forging. 3. The water discharge device according to claim 2, wherein the joining of the external parts of the plurality of members is performed by welding. 4. The spouting device according to claim 2, wherein the welding is performed by a laser beam. 5. By joining the plurality of members,
The water discharge device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the water passage is formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof. 6. The joining of the plurality of members is configured such that an appearance portion is joined, but the inner peripheral surface portion is not joined. Abutting portions of the plurality of members on the inner peripheral surface include: The water discharging device according to claim 5, further comprising a separate member for water sealing. 7. The water discharging device according to claim 2, further comprising another member that forms the water passage, in addition to the plurality of members. 8. The water discharge device according to claim 1, wherein the external portion is formed of a brass material. 9. The spouting device according to claim 8, wherein the forging is performed in a temperature range of 650 ° C. or less. 10. The plurality of members are at 480 to 650 ° C.
The water discharging apparatus according to claim 9, which has a crystal structure in which the average crystal grain size is 15 µm or less and the ratio of the β phase is 30 to 80% in the temperature range of. 11. The water discharging apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of members have an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 wt%. 12. The plurality of members, at 450 ° C., have an average crystal grain size of 15 μm or less and an α phase ratio of 44 to
65%, β phase ratio is 10 to 55%, γ phase ratio is 1 to
The water spouting device according to claim 9, which has a crystal structure of 25%. 13. The plurality of members have an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 wt% and a Sn content of 0.5%.
13. The spouting device according to claim 12, wherein the content is about 7 wt%. 14. A water discharge member having a water discharge port, an operation unit for adjusting a flow rate of water discharged from the water discharge port, and at least three openings for attaching the water discharge member, the operation unit, and a water supply pipe, respectively. The water discharge device according to claim 1, wherein the water discharge device is formed by forging. 15. The water discharge main body has a tubular portion having openings at upper and lower ends, and a second tubular portion projecting from an outer wall of the tubular portion and having an opening at an end. 15. The water discharging device according to 14. 16. The water discharge main body includes a tubular portion having an opening at an upper end, and second and third tubular portions each projecting from an outer wall of the tubular portion and having an opening at an end. Claim 1
4. The water discharging device according to 4. 17. The water discharge device according to claim 15, wherein the tubular portion and the other tubular portion are integrally forged. 18. The water discharge device according to claim 14, wherein the water discharge main body has a built-in cartridge having a water purification function. 19. The water discharge main body includes the water supply pipe,
The water discharge device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein an outgoing pipe to the water purifier and a return pipe from the water purifier are attached. 20. The water discharge device according to claim 14, wherein the water discharge main body is formed of a brass material. 21. The water discharge device according to claim 20, wherein the water discharge main body is forged at 650 ° C. or lower. 22. The water discharge main body has a temperature of 480 to 650 ° C.
22. The water discharger according to claim 21, which has a crystal structure in which the average crystal grain size is 15 µm or less and the ratio of β phase is 30 to 80% in the temperature range. 23. The water discharge device according to claim 20, wherein the water discharge main body has an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 wt%. 24. The water discharge main body at 450 ° C. has an average crystal grain size of 15 μm or less and a ratio of α phase of 44 to 44 μm.
65%, β phase ratio is 10 to 55%, γ phase ratio is 1 to
22. The water spouting device according to claim 21, which has a crystal structure of 25%. 25. The spout body has an apparent Zn content of 37-46 wt% and a Sn content of 0.5.
The water discharging device according to any one of claims 20, 21, and 24, wherein the amount is 7 wt% to 7 wt%. 26. A water discharge member having a water discharge port, an operation unit for adjusting a flow rate of water discharged from the water discharge port, and at least three openings for attaching the water discharge member, the operation unit, and a water supply pipe. A water discharge device comprising: a water discharge main body having an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 w;
A spouting device formed of a brass material having a Sn content of 0.5 to 7 wt% at t%. 27. The water discharging apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the brass material has a Pb content of 0.07 wt% or less. 28. The water discharging member, wherein an apparent Zn content is 37 to 46 wt% and a Sn content is 0.5 to 7 watts.
27. The spouting device according to claim 26, further comprising a brass tube having a t% and a Pb content of 0.07 wt% or less. 29. The water spouting device according to claim 26, wherein the water spouting member includes a brass tube having a crystal structure having an area ratio of the β phase of 10 to 30%. 30. The water spouting device according to claim 26, wherein the water spouting member includes a brass tube having a crystal structure in which an area ratio of a γ phase is 3 to 30%. 31. A cylindrical part having a first opening and a second part protruding from an outer wall of the cylindrical part and having a second opening at an end.
A first step of placing a material in a mold; and inserting a first punch into the material to form the first opening. And a second step of forming meat corresponding to the second cylindrical portion, and inserting a second punch into the meat while the first punch is inserted, thereby closing the second opening. A method of manufacturing a hollow member, comprising: a third step of forming; and a fourth step of cutting an inner peripheral surface after removing all the punches. 32. The method for manufacturing a hollow member according to claim 31, wherein the second punch is inserted from an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion to an inner side. 33. The method according to claim 32, wherein the first punch has a concave portion on a side surface, and the second punch is inserted near the concave portion. 34. The method for manufacturing a hollow member according to claim 33, wherein the recess has a shape such that a thickness of a gap between an outer periphery of the second punch and an outer periphery of the recess is substantially uniform. 35. The cylindrical portion has the first opening at an upper end and a third opening at a lower end, and the second step includes forming a third punch on the material. The method for manufacturing a hollow member according to any one of claims 31 to 34, comprising a step of forming the third opening by inserting. 36. The cylindrical portion has the first opening at an upper end and a third opening at a lower end, and the second step includes forming a third punch on the material. 35. The method of manufacturing a hollow member according to claim 33, further comprising a step of forming the third opening by inserting the first and third punches, wherein each of the first and third punches has a concave portion on a tip side surface. Method. 37. The hollow member is made of brass material,
The method for producing a hollow member according to any one of claims 31 to 36, wherein the hollow member is forged at 0 ° C or less. 38. The hollow member has a temperature of 480 to 650 ° C.
38. The method for producing a hollow member according to claim 37, having a crystal structure in which the average crystal grain size is 15 µm or less and the ratio of β phase is 30 to 80% in the temperature range described above. 39. The method of manufacturing a hollow member according to claim 37, wherein the apparent Zn content of the hollow member is 37 to 46 wt%. 40. The hollow member at 450 ° C. has an average crystal grain size of 15 μm or less and a ratio of α phase of 44 to 40 μm.
65%, β phase ratio is 10 to 55%, γ phase ratio is 1 to
The method for producing a hollow member according to claim 37, having a crystal structure of 25%. 41. The hollow member has an apparent Zn content of 37 to 46 wt% and a Sn content of 0.5.
The method for manufacturing a hollow member according to claim 37 or 40, wherein the content is up to 7 wt%.