JPH11310449A - Drying of tile body and pallet for drying the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the deformation or cracking frequently occurring at the time of drying and improve the productivity by supporting lower ends of both lateral faces of a tile body with a receiving tool, bringing warm air shielding pieces into contact with both the lateral faces and feeding the warm air from the perpendicular direction relatively to the lateral faces. SOLUTION: A receiving tool 20 is a platy form and the top surface of the receiving tool 20 is composed as a horizontal plane so that the lower ends of the lateral faces of a tile body W can horizontally be supported. A pair of warm air shielding pieces 30 are stood in the longitudinal direction on the top surface of the receiving tool 20 with a kept interval corresponding to the width of the tile body W. The warm air shielding pieces 30 are capable of suppressing the feed of warm air in a drying furnace when placing the tile body W on the receiving tool 20. The warm air shielding pieces 30 are capable of suppressing the deformation of the tile body W due to the own weight in addition to the shielding of the warm air. Furthermore, a warm air regulating piece 40 integral with the receiving tool 20 is installed under the tile body W placed on the receiving tool 20 to weakly regulate the flow of the warm air fed to the back surface side of the tile body W.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for drying undried tiles and a pallet for drying. In particular, the present invention relates to a method and a pallet for drying undried tiles for roof tiles and roof tiles (hereinafter simply referred to as tiles unless otherwise specified).

[0002]

2. Description of the Prior Art Prior to the description of the prior art, the structure of a tile substrate to which the present invention and the prior art are applied will be clarified in advance for convenience of explanation. Since the configuration itself of the tile ground W which is the theme of the present invention and the prior art is common, both are treated as a common configuration.

[0003] Unless otherwise specified, "noshi roof tile" and "roof tile ground for noshi roof", and "building roof tile" and "tile roof ground for ridge roof tile", will be described with reference to drawings and symbols for convenience of explanation. I do.

[0004] The tile roofing material W of a roof tile (to be described here as a representative of the tile roofing material W of a tile) is, as is known, generally in the form of a generally rectangular flat plate curved in an arc shape. Yes (Fig. 1
See). The surface M of the roof tile W is formed in a convex shape while drawing a gentle arc, the back surface N is also formed in a concave shape while drawing a gentle arc, and the front surface F and the rear surface R are formed in a substantially crescent shape.
The side surface S called "edge surface" is formed in an elongated rectangular shape.

Further, when the roof tile W is viewed from the front F, the upper end U near the surface of the side S and the surface M is formed by an arc-shaped curve drawn by the surface M and a vertical line drawn by both end lines of the side S. Are formed in a substantially obtuse angle.

On the other hand, a substantially arc-shaped curve drawn by the back surface N and a vertical line drawn by both end lines of the side surface S,
The lower surface D of the back surface N and the lower surface D of the side surface S are formed in a substantially acute angle shape.

When the roof tile W is kept in a horizontal state, the vicinity of the center of the roof tile W in the width direction (side direction) is highest and upper, and the lower end of the side face S is lowest and lowest. positioned.

[0008] Since the side tile S is exposed when the roof tile W is laid on the roof in use, attention must be paid to the preservation of its form from an aesthetic point of view, and the vertical part connecting the upper end and the lower end of the side S is straight. In particular, it is required that the side surface S be formed as a horizontal plane and that the shape of the side surface S form a beautiful horizontal surface.

In this type of prior art, a drying pallet 72 having a large number of air holes 70 is generally provided with the back surface N facing upward.
Is placed on the receiving tool 74, and drying is performed by blowing warm air from the front F side of the tile body W in a drying furnace (see FIG. 9).

The drying pallet 72 is provided on the surface M of the tile substrate W.
And a plurality of receiving members 74 having a surface shape that follows the form of (1). A large number of air holes 70 are provided in order to facilitate drying of the surface M of the tile W when the tile W is supported by the receiving member 74.

The tile body W was dried while maintaining a horizontal state by the surface M being supported by the plurality of receiving members 72. However, in this conventional example, both side surfaces S of the tile body W were in a free state, and were constantly exposed to the warm air supplied in the drying furnace to be dried.

Next, drying of the tile body W will be described in detail. The entire drying period of the tile body W includes three stages: a preheating period, a constant-rate drying period, and a reduced-rate drying period.

When the undried tile W is fed into the drying furnace, the tile W is heated to a constant temperature by the supply of warm air in the furnace. At this time, the outer surface of the tile body W (the term "outer surface" is used to distinguish it from the "front surface" and refers to the entire peripheral surface of the tile body, the same applies hereinafter) is covered with a water film. It is in. When drying the tile body W, a step of first raising the tile body W to a certain temperature is essential, and this step is called a preheating period (material preheating period).

After the preheating period elapses, the tile body W enters a constant-rate drying period. In the tile body W that has reached a certain temperature during the preheating period, the moisture on the outer surface gradually evaporates during the constant rate drying period, and the moisture inside the tile body W moves toward the outer surface. At this time, the movement amount of the water inside the tile body W moving toward the outer surface follows the evaporation amount of the water.

Further, the temperature of the tile W is kept substantially constant only when the outer surface of the tile W is covered with the water film due to the movement of moisture from the inside to the outside.

The heat of the warm air supplied to the tile body W is used for evaporating moisture, and a period until the moisture content of the tile body W reaches the limit moisture content is called a constant rate drying period.

Next, after the constant-rate drying period has elapsed, a reduced-rate drying period starts. During the rate-decreasing drying period, the evaporation amount of the moisture of the tile body W evaporating from the outer surface is larger than the moving amount of the internal water moving to the outer surface, and the amount of the water moving to the outer surface is reduced less. , The water film is gradually lost. Then, the temperature of the tile body W is further increased from the portion where the water film has been lost.

Therefore, the heat generated by the warm air supplied to the tiled fabric W is used for evaporating the moisture and heating the tiled fabric W, and the drying speed gradually decreases. The period until the moisture content of the tile body W reaches the equilibrium moisture content is referred to as a reduced drying period. When the moisture content reaches the equilibrium moisture content, the drying of the tile fabric W ends.

In the conventional drying of the tile W, the side surface of the tile W is exposed to warm air throughout the entire drying period. In particular, the upper end U and the lower end D of the side surface S are easily affected by heat, so that evaporation of moisture is more likely to occur than in other portions.
During this preheating period, this part is often locally dried.

Therefore, the upper end U and the lower end D
Because of the faster drying of the other parts compared to the other parts, the shrinkage occurred locally during the constant-rate drying period, and the deformation or cracking often occurred.

In the constant-rate drying period, shrinkage of the tile W occurs as drying proceeds, and the shrinkage of the tile W changes due to a slight displacement of the support state of the tile W with respect to the receiving member. However, the deformation and cracking often occurred remarkably due to the difference in the support state. In particular, since the side surface S of the tile body W is in a free state without any restrictions, deformation and cracks due to drying shrinkage were particularly likely to occur.

Further, during the constant-rate drying period, the receiver 7
4 is in contact with the surface M of the tile W, so that the drying of the surface M is delayed.
The drying speed of the other parts was different.

In this case, the drying of the front surface M, the rear surface R and both side surfaces S of the tile body W proceeds rapidly, and then the rear surface N and the front surface M
Was dried in order. According to such a drying order,
Deformation and cracks associated with drying shrinkage of the tile body W could not be avoided.

Therefore, as a result of the deformation or cracking of the tile body W, there is a problem that a defective product is generated and the so-called yield is reduced due to the drying of the tile body W.

To solve these problems, measures have been taken to change the drying conditions related to the control of the drying oven. However, good roof tiles are required due to external factors such as the installation environment of the drying oven and seasonal changes. In addition to the difficulty in setting the drying conditions for obtaining the substrate, it is difficult to maintain a uniform atmosphere in the drying furnace due to the structure of the drying furnace. It was practically difficult to accurately control the drying oven.

Although generally employed, the deformation and cracking of the tile W can be suppressed to some extent by setting the preheating period and the constant-rate drying period of the tile to be longer than about 10 hours. However, the productivity had to be greatly reduced, and the deformation and cracking of the tile body W were not surely suppressed.

In addition, a plurality of the receiving members 74 of the conventional drying pallet 72 need to be prepared according to the shape of the surface of the tile W. Since the pressing process and the process of providing the air holes 70 in the receiving tool 74 are required, the manufacturing cost of the drying pallet 72 is increased, and complicated and highly accurate processing is required. Could not be avoided.

[0028]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to improve the productivity of tiled fabric by suppressing deformation and cracks that are likely to occur during drying of tiled fabric, and to change drying conditions. The purpose of the present invention is to dry tiled tiles without being affected by environmental factors or structural problems of the drying furnace. Still another object is to provide a pallet for drying tiled tile which has a simple structure and is easy to produce.

[0029]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, the invention of a method for drying tiled fabric according to claim 1 is as follows.
In the method of drying a tiled fabric in a horizontal state, the lower ends of both sides of the tiled fabric are supported by a holder and both sides of the tiled fabric are brought into contact with the warm air shielding strips through the warm air shielding strips. The hot air is supplied from a direction perpendicular to the side surface of the tile.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for drying a tiled fabric according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a hot air regulating piece is disposed on the backside of the tiled fabric to thereby reduce the temperature of the backside of the tiled fabric. It is characterized in that the hot air flow is dried while being regulated by a hot air regulating piece.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of drying a tiled fabric according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the tiled fabric comprises a preheating period, a constant rate drying period, and a reduced rate drying period. Only during the preheating period and the constant-rate drying period, drying is performed by bringing hot air shielding pieces into contact with both sides of the tile.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drying pallet for drying undried tiles, wherein the receiving pallet supports the lower ends of both sides of the tiles in a horizontal state. And a pair of hot air shielding pieces on a receiving member which abut on both side surfaces of the tile body.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pallet for drying a tiled fabric according to the fourth aspect, further comprising a hot-air regulating piece for regulating a flow of warm air on the back side of the tiled fabric. It is characterized by the following.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the fifth aspect, in the invention of the fifth aspect, the area of the hot-air regulating piece is equal to or larger than a projected area from above of the horizontal tile. It is characterized by the following.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pallet for drying tiled material, wherein
A receiver having the function of a hot air regulating piece is provided integrally.

[0036]

According to the present invention, the lower end of the side surface of the tile is kept in a straight line during drying by contact with the receiving member and the weight of the tile. Will be.

At this time, since the side surface of the tile body is physically regulated by the hot air shielding piece and the supply of the hot air is blocked, moisture does not evaporate from the side surface, and the moisture near the side surface is removed. It moves inward, and the drying of the side surface is performed gradually compared with the portion other than the side surface of the tile.

Therefore, the side surface is dried while maintaining the physically regulated state, while the side surface is dried without evaporating the moisture, so that deformation and cracking of the tile can be surely suppressed.

Further, since the side surface of the tile body is concealed by the warm air shielding piece and is not adversely affected by the warm air, it is not adversely affected by external factors that change the drying conditions and structural problems of the drying furnace. The tile can be dried.
Furthermore, since the tiles are regulated by the warm air shielding pieces,
Positioning can be reliably performed without generating a positional shift with respect to the receiving tool.

Since the second aspect of the present invention has the above-described structure, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the present invention, the flow of the hot air to the back side of the tile is controlled by the hot-air regulating piece. Thus, the adverse effect of the warm air on the inside of the lower end of the side surface of the tile can be suppressed. In other words, while the supply of hot air is controlled by the warm air shielding piece on the outside of the side surface of the tile, the inside of the lower end of the side surface is controlled by the warm air regulating piece as described above. Deformation and cracks can also be suppressed from the inside.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, which has the above-described structure, in addition to the effects of the first aspect of the invention, the effects of the second aspect of the invention during the preheating period and the constant-rate drying period can be obtained. Play as well.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the lower ends of the both sides of the tile are brought into contact with the receiving member, and the tile is supported by the receiving member in a horizontal state. After the side of the tile is brought into contact with the hot-air blocking piece to be concealed, warm air can be supplied to the tile from a direction perpendicular to the side of the tile and dried.

Therefore, since the supply of hot air is blocked by the hot air shielding pieces on the side surfaces of the tile, the drying can be delayed as compared with the portions other than the side surfaces of the tile.
The side surface can be dried following the hot air shielding piece while physically restricting the side surface from spreading outward by its own weight.

Therefore, as the drying progresses, the portion other than the side of the tile is dried quickly, and the moisture on the side of the tile can move to the portion other than the other side, and the side of the tile is exposed to warm air. It can be dried gradually without drying.

Accordingly, the side surface is dried while maintaining the physically regulated state, and the side surface is dried without evaporating water, so that deformation and cracking of the tile can be reliably suppressed.

Also, since the side surface of the tile is concealed by the warm air shielding piece and is not directly affected by the warm air, it is adversely affected by external factors that change the drying conditions and structural problems of the drying furnace. The tiles can be dried without the need.

The drying pallet of the present invention has a simple structure and does not require complicated and high-precision processing, so that it can contribute to reduction of the manufacturing cost and shorten the manufacturing process. .

The fifth aspect of the present invention has the above-described structure. Therefore, in addition to the function and effect of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the flow of warm air on the back side of the tile is weakly regulated by the warm air regulating piece. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the adverse effect of the warm air given to the side surface from the back surface side of the tile body.

Since the invention according to claim 6 is configured as described above, in addition to the operation and effect of the invention according to claim 5, the flow of warm air on the back side of the tile substrate is further effectively reduced by the warm air regulating piece. Can be regulated.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure, in addition to the effects of the fifth or sixth aspect of the invention, the manufacturing cost of the drying pallet can be further reduced, and the manufacturing process can be reduced. Can be further reduced.

[0051]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention discloses concrete examples of a roof tile and a roof tile. FIG. 2 shows two types of roof tiles and four types of roof tiles. First, a description will be given of a tile roof tile. The tile tile Wa is thicker than a general tile tile and has a larger side surface area, and is called "thick tile tile" in the industry. Things. Although the roof tile Wb has the same thickness as a general roof tile, it has a larger side area, and is referred to in the industry as a "box roof tile" or the like.

Next, the ridge roof tile Wc will be described. The ridge roof tile Wc is referred to in the industry as a "square crossing roof tile". It is in the form of having

The ridge roof tile Wd is referred to in the industry as a "round pier roof tile" and has a form in which a pier called a "round pier" is provided in front of a general roof tile. It is.

The roof tile We is referred to in the industry as a "triangular crown tile", and a "bar" having a substantially U-shaped cross section is provided in front of a main body formed into a substantially "K" cross-section. It is in the form provided.

The roof tile Wf is of a form in which a raised step is provided at the center of the main body.

As described above, tile tile W to which the present invention is applied includes a roof tile and a roof tile.
In view of the point (1), the structures of both tiles are substantially common. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the tile substrate W for the tile tile (hereinafter simply referred to as the tile substrate W unless otherwise noted) is used. These are given as typical examples (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

The configuration of the tile base material W for the roof tile is the same as that described in the section of the prior art described above, so the description is referred to, and the description is omitted in the embodiment of the present invention. I do.

The drying method of the tile body W according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described together with the drying pallet 10. The drying pallet 10 includes a receiving member 20, a warm air shielding piece 30, and a warm air regulating piece 40 (see FIG. 3).

The receiving member 20 of the drying pallet 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has a plate shape, and the upper surface of the receiving member 20 has a horizontal surface so that the lower end of the side surface S of the tile substrate W can be horizontally supported. Is configured as Therefore, a commercially available plate material can be used, which contributes to a reduction in manufacturing cost.
The receiving member 20 is fixed to the pair of support members 21 at the lower side.

Then, a pair of warm air shielding pieces 30 are erected on the upper surface of the receiving device 20 in the length direction of the receiving device 20 of the tile substrate W while maintaining an interval corresponding to the width of the tile substrate W. In this embodiment, the hot-air shielding piece 30 having an L-shaped cross section is provided. However, when the receiving member 20 is a metal plate, the hot-air shielding piece 30 is made of steel, so that a commercially available metal is simply used. It can be easily manufactured by welding plates or L-shaped steel materials.

The hot air shielding piece 30 suppresses the supply of hot air in the drying furnace during drying when the tile substrate W is placed on the receiver 20 of the drying pallet 10.

Therefore, when the tile W is supported on the receiving device 20, the lower ends of both side surfaces S of the tile W are respectively brought into contact with the receiving device 20, and as a result, the tile W is placed on the receiving device 20. It can be kept horizontal.

The side surface S of the tile roof W supported on the receiving device 20
Is provided, and the interval between the hot air shielding pieces 30 on both sides corresponds to the width of the tile substrate W.

The main purpose of this hot air shielding piece 30 is to conceal the side surface S of the tile substrate W to block the hot air, but to suppress deformation due to the own weight of the tile substrate W for another purpose. It is also intended.

That is, since the undried roof tile W is an elastic body having a high flexibility, it has a property of being deformed when a force higher than the yield value is applied. Therefore, when the undried tile W is placed on the receiving device 20, the tile W is affected by its own weight, the center of the tile W moves downward, and the side surfaces S spread outward. It is known to present.

Then, by supporting the side surface S of the tile substrate W supported by the receiver 20 with the warm air shielding piece 30, the side surface S of the tile substrate W is regulated by the warm air shielding member 30 and spread outward. Are stopped to suppress the deformation of the tile body W due to its own weight.

The hot air shielding piece 30 of this embodiment has an L-shaped cross section, the vertical portion 32 conceals the side surface S of the tile W, and the horizontal portion 34 is fixed to the receiver 20. . Since the size of the hot-air shielding piece 30 is intended to prevent deformation and cracking of the side surface S, it is preferable that the size be such that the entire side surface S of the tile body W is covered.

Below the tile body W placed on the receiver 20, a hot air regulating piece 40 integrated with the receiver 20 is provided (see FIGS. 3 and 4). The hot air regulating piece 40 is for weakly regulating the flow of the hot air supplied to the back surface N side of the tile body W. In this embodiment, the hot air regulating piece 40 is used.
Are provided integrally with the receiving member 20, and the hot air regulating piece 4
The area of 0 is an area corresponding to the projected area from above the tile body W, but is preferably larger than that area.

Next, a method for drying tiled green according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The undried tile ground W is placed on the receiving member 20 of the drying pallet 10 and is held in a horizontal state.

At this time, the tile substrate W supported by the receiver 20
Due to its own weight, the side surfaces S of the tile body W tend to expand outward, and the central portion of the tile body W tends to hang downward.

For this reason, a pressing force acts on the side surface S of the tile substrate W against the vertical portion 32 of the warm air shielding piece 30, but the side surface S is restricted by the vertical portion 32 of the warm air shielding piece 30. It is concealed by the warm air shielding piece 30 without being deformed. Further, the warm air regulating piece 40 provided integrally with the receiving device 20 is arranged below the tile body W.

Prior to placing the tile substrate W on the receiving device 20, in order to allow the tile substrate W to be placed on the receiving device 20 without interfering with the hot air shielding piece 30, It is preferable that the curved state of W is slightly increased, and the interval in the width direction of both side surfaces S of the tile body W is slightly shorter than the interval of the warm air shielding pieces 30 (each about 5 mm).

By the way, after the tile substrate W before being placed is deformed, and the tile substrate W is placed on the receiving device 20, the tile substrate W
Due to its own weight, the side surface S of the tile body W comes into contact with the hot air blocking piece 30 to restore the state before deformation.

The tile substrate W placed on the receiver 20 is sent to a drying furnace, and drying is started. In this embodiment, a drying furnace that can blow hot air from the front or back of the tile body W that is maintained in a horizontal state is employed. In addition, the supply of the warm air at the time of drying the tile body W may be performed alternately on the front side and the back side.

In the preheating period, the temperature of the tile body W rises from room temperature (10 to 20 ° C.) to a predetermined temperature in response to the atmosphere in the furnace. At this time, the outer surface of the tile body W is in a state of being covered with a water film, but the side surface S of the tile body W is concealed by the warm air shielding piece 30 and is not exposed to the warm air.

Therefore, during the preheating period in which the temperature of the tile body W rises, the upper end U and the lower end D of the side surface S of the tile W
Since the water is not evaporated and the water is not locally dried as compared with other parts as in the prior art, deformation and cracks are suppressed.

Further, the influence of the warm air on the back surface N side of the tile body W on the side surface S of the tile body W is reliably suppressed by the warm air regulating piece 40, and the lower end portion U of the side surface S of the tile body W It is not locally dried by the influence of warm air from the side.

When the tile preheating period has elapsed, a constant-rate drying period starts. In the constant-rate drying period, the moisture evaporates from the tile W having reached a certain temperature, and the moisture inside the tile W moves toward the outer surface.

At this time, on the front surface M, the back surface N, the front surface F and the rear surface R of the tile body W, the amount of water movement inside the tile body W follows the water evaporation amount of the tile body W. Drying of the green body W proceeds, and drying shrinkage of the green body W due to evaporation of moisture gradually starts with the progress of drying.

On the other hand, the side surface S of the tile body W is
0, the water does not evaporate from the side surface S of the tile W, and the water near the side surface S gradually moves to portions (the front surface M, the back surface N, the front surface F, and the back surface R) excluding the side surface S. I do. Therefore, the drying speed in the vicinity of the side surface S of the tile body W is extremely slow as compared with the drying speed in a portion other than the side surface S.

However, in this embodiment, the flow of warm air on the back surface N side of the tile body W is regulated by the warm air regulating pieces 40 arranged below the tile body W,
The temperature is controlled gently as compared with the temperature flow on the surface of the tile body W.

Therefore, the drying speed of the back surface N of the tile body W is slightly lower than that of the front surface M, and the influence of the warm air on the back surface N side of the tile surface W on the side surface S of the tile body W is suppressed. . That is, the drying speed is the fastest on the front surface M, the front surface, and the back surface of the tile body W, then the back surface N is fastest, and the side surface S is the slowest.

As described above, in the constant-rate drying period, the drying of the tiled fabric W proceeds, but the drying speed differs depending on the portion of the tiled fabric W.

Further, the shrinkage of the tile body W due to drying starts, but the shrinkage state differs depending on the portion of the tile body W. Since the drying shrinkage of the tile W proceeds in accordance with the progress of drying, the shrinkage of the drying appears on the front surface M, the front surface and the back surface of the tile W, the fastest, and then on the back surface N of the tile W and on the side surface S. Appears late.

The side surface S of the tile body W is pressed against the vertical portion 32 of the warm air shielding piece 30 by its own weight, and the progress of drying is slowest, so that the contraction state is the slowest. It is.

Then, in a state where the drying and shrinkage of each part except the side surface S of the tile body W are being sufficiently performed, the side surface S of the tile body W is gradually contracted, and the side surface S caused by the shrinkage is reduced.
Pressing against the hot air blocking piece 30 is also gradually alleviated.

Therefore, on the side surface S of the tile body W, drying proceeds without causing deformation and cracks due to drying and shrinkage due to drying.

Next, after the constant-rate drying period has elapsed, the reduced-rate drying period starts. However, since the drying speed differs depending on each part of the tiled fabric W, the start time of the reduced-rate drying period differs depending on each part of the tiled fabric W. .

During the rate-decreasing drying period, the amount of water evaporation of the tile W becomes larger than the amount of water transfer inside the tile W, so that the tile W gradually loses the water film, and the portion where the water film is lost Although the temperature starts to rise, the front surface M, the front surface F, and the back surface R of the tile body W start first, then the back surface N, and finally the side surface S.

In the decreasing rate drying period, the heat supplied to the tiled fabric W is consumed for the amount of water evaporation and the heating of the tiled fabric W. Therefore, the drying speed of the tiled fabric W is gradually reduced. With the decrease, shrinkage of the tile body W due to drying is also converged.

When the moisture content of the tile W reaches the equilibrium moisture content, the drying of the tile W is completed. However, the apparent volume of the tile W after drying becomes smaller due to shrinkage of the drying.
To 96% of the volume.

According to the drying method and the drying pallet 10 of this embodiment, even if the tile substrate W is affected by a subtle change in the drying conditions, deformation and cracks are generated due to the drying of the tile substrate W. In addition to that, the time required for drying can be shortened as compared with the related art, and the positioning with respect to the receiving member 20 is also ensured, so that no misalignment occurs and the yield of the tiles W for drying is further improved. improves.

Next, a drying pallet according to another embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the drying pallet 80 of this embodiment includes a receiving member 82 and a hot air shielding piece 84.

The receiving pallet 82 of the drying pallet 80 shown in FIG. 5 has an inverted U-shape, and a pair of receiving pallets is provided on both sides at a predetermined interval corresponding to the width of the tile substrate W. The upper surface of the receiving member 82 is configured as a horizontal surface so that the lower end of the side surface S of the tile substrate W can be horizontally supported. Therefore,
As the receiving member 82, a commercially available steel material having a U-shaped cross section can be used, which contributes to a reduction in manufacturing cost.

Then, the receiving member 82 is placed on the upper surface of the pair of receiving members 82.
The warm air shielding piece 84 stands upright in the length direction. This hot air shielding piece 84 is the hot air shielding piece 3 of the above-described embodiment.
Since it is the same as 0, the description is referred to. And the drying pallet 80 in this embodiment does not include the hot air regulating piece 40 described in the previous embodiment.

Therefore, the pallet is more susceptible to the warm air from the back side N of the tile substrate W than the drying pallet 10 of the previous embodiment, but the drying time is the same as the conventional drying time. In the case of setting, it is possible to suppress deformation and cracks of the tile body W due to drying.

Next, a drying pallet 50 of still another embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the drying pallet 50 of this embodiment is configured to be able to dry both the roof tile W for the roof tile and the roof tile Wf for the roof tile.

In the drying pallet 50, a continuous plate 54 is mounted on a pair of support members 52. The continuous plate 54 is bent between the support members 52. A first horizontal portion 56 is provided, and a second horizontal portion 58 is provided between the first horizontal portions 56 as a downward step.

Then, the first horizontal portion 56 and the second horizontal portion 58
A vertically extending side wall portion 60 is formed therebetween.

The first horizontal portion 56 of the continuous plate 54 is a support for supporting the roof tile Wf for the ridge roof tile, and the second horizontal portion 58 is the support 20 for the roof tile W of the first embodiment described above. The side wall portion 60 of the continuous plate 54 corresponds to the hot air shielding piece 40 of the tile base material W for the tile.

On the other hand, in the first horizontal portion 56,
Each of the hot-air shielding pieces 62 having an L-shaped cross section for f is attached, and the hot-air shielding piece 3 of the above-described embodiment is attached.
0, and the interval in the width direction of the warm air shielding pieces 62 corresponds to the width of the tile base material Wf for the roof tile.

An auxiliary rod 64 is attached to the center of the second horizontal portion 58 of the drying pallet 50 in this embodiment so as to be parallel to the support member 52. The function of preventing the center from excessively descending and the function of reliably supporting the second horizontal portion 58 are achieved.

It goes without saying that the ends of the support member 52 and the auxiliary rod 64 are attached to a frame (not shown) for fixing the drying pallet 50.

The drying pallet 50 thus constructed
According to the above, in the case of drying the tile body W for
The tile body W for the tile can be supported on the horizontal portion 58 and dried.

Further, in the case of drying the tile roof material Wf for a roof tile, the first horizontal portion 56 can support the tile roof material Wf for a roof tile to dry.

Of course, it is not limited to the combination of the tile roof Wf for the ridge tile and the tile tile W for the shingle tile, but also a combination of tile tiles for different types of ridge tile or a combination of tile tiles for different types of shingle tile. Is also applicable.

[0107]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The tile body W of the embodiment is a tiled tile. The weight of the tile body W in an undried state immediately after molding is 3.5 kg, the surface area of the tile body W is 2,158 cm ² , and the tile body W before drying is formed. Was 12 ° C.

The drying furnace employed in the embodiment is of a batch type having a capacity of accommodating 2,000 tiles W.
The temperature and the humidity can be controlled based on a control program.

The drying conditions of the control program in the examples were set as follows, as apparent from Table 1. The temperature in the furnace during the period from the start of the operation of the drying furnace to one hour was increased from 15 ° C. to 40 ° C. During the period from 1 hour to 5 hours after the start of operation, the furnace temperature was maintained at 40 ° C. and the relative humidity was set at 20%. For the period from 5 hours to 10 hours after the start of operation, the furnace temperature was 60 ° C. Humidity 20%
The furnace temperature was set to 80 ° C. and the relative humidity was set to 20% for 5 hours from 10 hours to 15 hours after the start of operation.

[0110]

[Table 1]

Then, the lower ends of both sides S of the undried tile W are supported on the holder 20 in a horizontal state, and the both sides S of the tile W are brought into contact with the hot air shielding piece 30. The tile substrate W is placed on the drying pallet 10, and the tile substrate W
Is sent to the drying furnace,
Warm air was supplied from the front M of the tile substrate W to dry the tile substrate W.

The temperature, moisture content and weight of the tile W up to 15 hours from the start of drying were measured. The results are as shown in Table 1 and FIG.

According to Table 1 and FIG. 7, during the period from the start of drying to 1.38 hours, the temperature (T
h) rises from 12 ° C to 22 ° C, the temperature of the tile W is kept at 22 ° C from 1.38 hours to 4.00 hours,
After 4.00 hours, the temperature of the tile body W rises,
Eventually, the temperature reached 78.7 ° C., and the weight of the dried tile W was about 2.8 kg.

From these results, the period from the start of drying to 1.38 hours was assumed to be the preheating period for the tile lands, from 1.38 hours to 4.0 hours.
The period up to 0 hours can be a constant-rate drying period, and the period after 4.00 hours can be a reduced-rate drying period. At the point of 4.00 hours from the start of drying, the moisture content is 10.8%, and since the critical moisture content is about 11%, the drying is in a reduced rate drying period.

The water content sharply decreases during the period from the preheating period to the reduced-rate drying period, and gradually decreases during the reduced-rate drying period. In addition, the moisture content of the tile W was reduced to 3.1% at the point of 10.5 hours from the start of drying in the reduced-rate drying period, indicating that the drying of the tile W was substantially completed. Have been.

Accordingly, the time required for drying the tiles W was substantially 10.5 hours, and no deformation or cracks were observed in 98% of the total tiles W dried.

On the other hand, to explain the conventional example, the same conditions as those of the example were applied to the tile body W of the conventional example except that the temperature before drying was 13 ° C. The drying furnace employed in the conventional example is the same as that of the embodiment, and the control program conditions in the conventional example were set as follows with reference to Table 2.

The temperature in the furnace during the period from the start of the operation of the drying furnace to one hour is increased from 15 ° C. to 40 ° C. The furnace temperature was maintained at 40 ° C. for a period from 1 hour to 5 hours after the start of operation, the relative humidity was set to 80%, and 1 hour to 1 hour after the start of operation.
The furnace temperature was set to 60 ° C. and the relative humidity was set to 60% for the period up to 0 hours, and the furnace temperature was set to 80 ° C. and the relative humidity was set to 20% for 6 hours from 10 hours to 16 hours from the start of operation.
Was to be set.

[0119]

[Table 2]

The drying conditions to be set are different from the drying conditions of the embodiment, but this is to prevent deformation and cracks in the stage of the tile preheating period and the constant-rate drying period.

Then, the non-dried tile W is horizontally supported by a conventional drying pallet 72 (see FIG. 9), and the tile W is placed on the drying pallet 72. The dried pallet 72 was sent to a drying furnace, and hot air was supplied from the front of the tile substrate W to dry the tile substrate W.

The temperature, moisture content and weight of the tile W up to 16 hours from the start of drying were measured. The results are shown in Table 2 and FIG.

According to Table 2 and FIG. 8, the temperature of the tile W (T) during the period from the start of drying to 1.75 hours
h) rises from 13 ° C. to 36.5 ° C., the temperature of the tile W is kept at 36.5 ° C. from 1.75 hours to 5.0 hours, and the temperature of the tile W after 5.0 hours And finally reached 75.8 ° C., and the weight of the dried tile body W was about 2.8 kg.

From the results, the period from the start of drying to 1.75 hours was the preheating period, the period from 1.75 hours to 10.5 hours was the constant-rate drying period, and the period from the 10.5 hours was reduced-rate drying. Period. The moisture content was 11.5% at the point of 10.5 hours from the start of drying, and the critical moisture content was about 11%.

The moisture content gradually decreases during the period from the preheating period to the reduced-rate drying period, and the decrease in the water content during the reduced-rate drying period is somewhat sharp. It has been described that when the water content of the tile body reaches 3.1%, the end of the substantial drying is indicated. However, in the conventional example, at a time point of 15.5 hours or more from the start of drying in the reduced-rate drying period. It is shown that there is.

Therefore, the time required for drying the tile body W of the conventional example is 15.5 hours, and it can be understood that the conventional example requires an extra 5 hours or more in comparison with the drying time of the example. The tiles without deformation or cracks accounted for only 90% of the total tiles dried.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tile.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of two types of tiles and four types of roof tiles.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a drying pallet and a method for drying tiled fabric.

FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an embodiment of another drying pallet and another method of drying tile tiles.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing still another embodiment of the drying pallet and still another method of drying the tile substrate.

FIG. 7 is a drying control characteristic diagram in the example.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing drying control characteristics in a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 W tile body 20 receiver 30 warm air shielding piece 40 hot air regulating piece

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method for drying a tile body in a horizontal state, wherein lower ends of both sides of the tile body are supported by a receiving member, and both sides of the tile body are brought into contact with hot air shielding pieces to contact the both sides. A method for drying tiled fabric, comprising concealing a hot air shielding piece and supplying hot air from a direction perpendicular to a side surface of the tiled fabric. 2. A hot-air regulating piece is disposed on the back side of the tile body to dry while regulating the flow of warm air on the back side of the tile body by the hot-air regulating piece. The method for drying tiled tile according to 1. 3. During the preheating period and the constant-rate drying period of the entire drying period of the tile substrate including the preheating period, the constant-rate drying period, and the reduced-rate drying period, hot-air shielding pieces are provided on both side surfaces of the tile substrate. 2. The method for drying tiled fabric according to claim 1, wherein the drying is performed by contacting. 4. A drying pallet for drying tiled material, comprising: a receiving device for supporting the lower end of both sides of the tiled material in a horizontal state; and a pair of receiving members abutting on both side surfaces of the tiled material. A pallet for drying tiled material, comprising a hot air shielding piece. 5. A hot air regulating piece for regulating a flow of warm air on the back side of the tile substrate.
A pallet for drying tiled ground as described. 6. The pallet for drying tiled fabric according to claim 5, wherein the area of the hot air regulating piece is equal to or larger than the projected area from above of the tiled fabric in a horizontal state. 7. The pallet for drying tiled fabric according to claim 5, wherein a receiving device having a function of a hot air regulating piece is provided integrally.