JPH11302037A - Low reflectance and low transmittance glass - Google Patents
Low reflectance and low transmittance glassInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11302037A JPH11302037A JP11311198A JP11311198A JPH11302037A JP H11302037 A JPH11302037 A JP H11302037A JP 11311198 A JP11311198 A JP 11311198A JP 11311198 A JP11311198 A JP 11311198A JP H11302037 A JPH11302037 A JP H11302037A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- film
- visible light
- low
- transmittance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
- C03C17/3429—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating
- C03C17/3435—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating comprising a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、建築、構築物用窓
材、あるいは車輌、船舶、航空機などの移送機用窓材等
として採用される積層膜付きのガラスであり、前記積層
膜は赤外域は勿論、可視域、あるいは更に紫外域にわた
り低透過率の膜であって、特に夏期において、窓材を介
して建築物車輌等の内部に侵入する太陽輻射エネルギー
を抑制し、内部の温度上昇、冷房負荷を低減させるとと
もに、適度に低い可視光透過率としたことにより窓材外
部からの内部への透視に対するプライバシ−性を保持
し、更に可視光反射率を低く抑えて、反射映像の写り込
みを減じ、窓材内部からの外部への透視性、視認性を確
保した光反射率、透過率の低いガラスに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a glass with a laminated film used as a window material for a building, a building, or a transfer machine of a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, or the like. Of course, it is a film of low transmittance over the visible region, or even the ultraviolet region, especially in the summer, suppresses solar radiation energy that enters the interior of building vehicles and the like through window materials, increases the internal temperature, By reducing the cooling load and maintaining a moderately low visible light transmittance, it maintains the privacy of the see-through from the outside to the inside of the window material, and further suppresses the visible light reflectance to reflect the reflected image. The present invention relates to a glass having a low light reflectance and a low transmittance, which ensures transparency and visibility from the inside to the outside of the window material.
【0002】[0002]
【従来技術および解決すべき課題】近年、車輌窓ガラス
や建築物窓ガラス等を通して内部に侵入する太陽輻射エ
ネルギーを抑制し、内部の温度上昇、冷房負荷を低減さ
せる熱線遮蔽ガラスが広く採用されている。特に最近の
RV車(レジャー用ビークル)への一般の指向が高ま
り、該車輌窓材として赤外域(熱線)を含め可視光にお
いて低い透過率の黒〜暗色系ガラスで、プライバシー性
の高いガラスに対する要求が増大している。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, heat-shielding glass has been widely adopted which suppresses solar radiation energy entering into the interior through a vehicle window glass, a building window glass, or the like, and reduces an internal temperature rise and a cooling load. I have. In particular, the general direction toward recent RV vehicles (leisure vehicles) has been increased, and as a vehicle window material, a black-to-dark glass having a low transmittance in visible light including an infrared region (heat ray) and a glass having high privacy. Demand is growing.
【0003】上記光透過率が低く黒〜暗色系のガラス
を、膜付けしない素板ガラスとして製造する場合、いわ
ゆるクリアーガラスや淡着色ガラス等通常のガラス素地
との熱容量や熱伝導率等の著しい相違から、それら通常
のガラスを製造するケースと異なり、ガラス溶融時にお
けるガラス素地の熱の授受、伝導を勘案して特異な均熱
化手段を構じ、あるいは特殊形状の溶融槽を採用する等
の設計を必要とする。[0003] In the case of producing a black-dark glass having a low light transmittance as an uncoated glass sheet, there is a remarkable difference in heat capacity, thermal conductivity and the like from ordinary glass base materials such as so-called clear glass and light-colored glass. Therefore, unlike the case of manufacturing those ordinary glasses, the transfer of heat of the glass base at the time of melting the glass, a unique soaking means taking into account the conduction, or adopting a special shape melting tank, etc. Requires design.
【0004】また、そのような素板ガラス製品は、局部
的に光透過性の高い部分を必要とするような場合、例え
ば車輌のリアウインド−においてハイマウントストップ
ランプ部を設け、該部の光透過率を上げたい場合におい
ては採用し得ず、あるいはプライバシーを目的とするこ
ととは異なるが、シェードバンドの如き明視部と暗視部
を配したいような場合においては採用し得ない等不都合
点も少なくない。[0004] Further, when such a raw glass product requires a locally high light transmissive portion, for example, a high mount stop lamp portion is provided in a rear window of a vehicle, and the light transmissive portion of the portion is provided. It cannot be adopted when it is desired to increase the rate, or it is different from the purpose for privacy, but it cannot be adopted when it is necessary to arrange a clear vision part and a night vision part such as a shade band. Not a few.
【0005】一方熱線遮蔽膜を形成したガラスについて
は少なからず公知例があり、殊に熱線遮蔽性を備え遮光
性を有する車輌用ガラスについては、 例えば、 特開平5-
170485号公報には熱線遮蔽膜および自動車用窓硝子に関
し、 可視光線透過率35%以下で特定値以上のシート抵抗
を有する熱線遮蔽膜で、窒化物、 ほう化物、 酸窒化物、
酸化物のうち一種からなる膜(特にNbOxを主成分とする
膜)を形成したガラス、上記の膜をガラスにパターン形
成したアンテナ導体に、接触、または非接触状態に配し
たことが開示されている。On the other hand, there are quite a few known examples of a glass having a heat ray shielding film formed thereon, and in particular, a glass for a vehicle having a heat ray shielding property and a light shielding property is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
Japanese Patent No. 170485 relates to a heat ray shielding film and a window glass for automobiles. The heat ray shielding film has a visible light transmittance of 35% or less and a sheet resistance of a specific value or more, and includes nitride, boride, oxynitride,
It is disclosed that glass formed with a film made of one kind of oxide (especially a film mainly composed of NbOx), and that the above-mentioned film is arranged in contact or non-contact with an antenna conductor patterned on glass. I have.
【0006】該公知例は、可視光透過率を抑える反面、
可視光反射率を高くする。膜付きガラスは膜面を車
(室)内側に配するのが通例であるが、概して膜面側は
可視光反射率が高く、例えば車輌内からの外部への透視
に際して内部の反射映像が写し出されて違和感を生じ、
また透視性、視認性が阻害され易い。The known example suppresses the visible light transmittance,
Increase visible light reflectance. It is customary to arrange the film surface on the inside of the car (room) in the glass with the film. However, the film surface generally has high visible light reflectance, and for example, when seeing from inside the vehicle to the outside, the reflection image of the inside is displayed. Cause discomfort,
In addition, transparency and visibility are likely to be impaired.
【0007】また、誘電体膜と熱線遮蔽膜を積層したガ
ラスについては、例えば特公平6−84256 号公報には単
板熱線反射ガラスに関し、ガラス基板側から順に特定膜
厚の透明誘電体膜(又は透明電導性酸化物膜)、次いで
窒化物膜、さらに透明誘電体膜(又は透明電導性酸化物
膜)、最上層としてSiO2系で特定屈折率、特定膜厚以上
の酸化物厚膜とを積層すること、前記窒化物膜は熱線反
射膜として有効であるが、特にTiN 、ZrN 、HfN のいず
れか1つ又はこれらの複合窒化物とすること、前記透明
誘電体膜(又は透明電導性酸化物膜)は特定屈折率以上
のものであることが開示されている。Further, as for a glass in which a dielectric film and a heat ray shielding film are laminated, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-84256 relates to a single-plate heat ray reflective glass, and a transparent dielectric film having a specific thickness in order from the glass substrate side. Or a transparent conductive oxide film), then a nitride film, and further a transparent dielectric film (or a transparent conductive oxide film), and as an uppermost layer, a SiO 2 -based oxide having a specific refractive index and a specific thickness or more. And the nitride film is effective as a heat ray reflective film. In particular, any one of TiN, ZrN, and HfN or a composite nitride thereof is used, and the transparent dielectric film (or transparent conductive film) is used. It is disclosed that the oxide film) has a specific refractive index or higher.
【0008】該公知例は、開示の如く可視光透過率が約
70%前後と高く、プライバシー保護を目的とするうえで
は適当でない。The known example has a visible light transmittance of about
It is high at around 70%, which is not appropriate for the purpose of protecting privacy.
【0009】更に、特開平7−25647 号公報には、膜面
側反射を減じた熱線遮蔽ガラスに関し、透明ガラス基板
の一方の表面に、特定膜厚の特定合金または金属の少な
くとも1種からなる膜を、次いで特定膜厚の特定金属酸
化物膜を、更に特定膜厚で屈折率が特定値以下で透明な
膜(SiO2、Al2O3 等)を積層したものが開示され、さら
にガラス面側から入射する光の可視光反射率を25%以
上、かつ膜面側から入射する光の可視光反射率を透明ガ
ラス基板自体の可視光反射率より小さくし、加えて可視
光透過率を30〜50%としたこと、またニュ−トラルなグ
レ−系の透過色と反射色であること等が開示されてい
る。Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-25647 discloses a heat ray shielding glass having reduced reflection on the film surface side, wherein one surface of a transparent glass substrate is made of at least one of a specific alloy or a metal having a specific film thickness. A film in which a specific metal oxide film having a specific thickness and a transparent film (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3, etc.) having a specific thickness and a refractive index of a specific value or less are further laminated, and a glass is further disclosed. The visible light reflectance of light incident from the surface side is 25% or more, and the visible light reflectance of light incident from the film surface side is smaller than the visible light reflectance of the transparent glass substrate itself. It is disclosed that the color is 30 to 50%, and that the color is a neutral gray transmission color and a reflection color.
【0010】該公知例は、膜面側反射率(通常車(室)
内側に配する)が低く、従って反射映像も目立たない
が、車(室)外側におけるガラス面側反射率が高過ぎて
反射映像が目立ち、周辺環境と違和感があり、またプラ
イバシー性の観点からすると可視光線過率が高すぎると
いう不具合がある。[0010] The known example discloses a film surface side reflectance (normal vehicle (room)).
(Disposed on the inside) is low, and therefore the reflection image is not conspicuous, but the reflectance on the glass side outside the car (room) is too high and the reflection image is conspicuous, which makes the surrounding environment uncomfortable, and from the viewpoint of privacy, There is a problem that the visible light excess ratio is too high.
【0011】あるいは、特開平6−321580号公報には耐
摩耗性低透過率ガラスに関し、ガラス板面に熱線遮蔽
膜、次いで第1の透明保護膜、さらに第2の透明保護膜
を順次積層したガラスであって、第1の透明保護膜と第
2の透明保護膜との厚みの和を特定値以下とし、前記膜
付きガラスの可視光透過率が40%以下、かつ該ガラスの
ガラス面側の可視光反射率を30%以下としたものが開示
され、さらに第1の透明保護膜としてはSi3N4 、SiO2、
SnO2、ZrBxOy等、第2の透明保護膜としてはZrO2、Ta2O
5 およびNb2O5 、熱線遮蔽膜としてはTi、Zr、Crより選
ばれた少なくとも1種の金属窒化物であることが挙げら
れている。[0011] Alternatively, JP-A-6-321580 relates to an abrasion-resistant low-transmittance glass in which a heat ray shielding film, a first transparent protective film, and a second transparent protective film are sequentially laminated on a glass plate surface. Glass, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the first transparent protective film and the second transparent protective film is set to a specific value or less, the visible light transmittance of the glass with the film is 40% or less, and the glass surface side of the glass Of which the visible light reflectance is 30% or less is disclosed. Further, as the first transparent protective film, Si 3 N 4 , SiO 2 ,
ZrO 2 , Ta 2 O, etc. for the second transparent protective film such as SnO 2 , ZrBxOy, etc.
5, Nb 2 O 5 , and the heat ray shielding film include at least one metal nitride selected from Ti, Zr, and Cr.
【0012】該公知例は、開示の如く膜面側反射率が比
較的高く車室内側の反射映像の写り込みが著しい。In the known example, as disclosed, the reflectance on the film surface side is relatively high, and the reflected image on the vehicle cabin side is remarkably reflected.
【0013】本発明は上記公知例とは相違し、熱線遮蔽
性あるいは更に紫外線遮蔽性に加え、可視光透過率が低
く、適度な遮光性、プライバシ−性を有し、膜面および
ガラス面側の可視光反射率が低くグレアー(ギラツキ)
感や反射映像の写り込みによる違和感がなく、かつ黒色
系に近い透過色調を呈し、ガラス面側反射色調は比較的
淡いグリーン系を呈しており、例えば自動車のフロント
ドアガラスとして多く採用されている紫外線遮断グリー
ンガラス等とも融合し、視感上好ましいものである。ま
た、成膜不要な部分をマスキング等によりパターニング
し容易に膜抜きすることができるので、局部的に、例え
ば自動車のハイマウントストップランプ部における透過
率を高くできる等広範囲に採用できる低反射率、低透過
率のガラスを提唱するものである。The present invention differs from the above-mentioned known examples in that, in addition to heat ray shielding properties or ultraviolet ray shielding properties, it has low visible light transmittance, moderate light shielding properties and privacy properties, and has a film surface and a glass surface side. Has low visible light reflectance and glare
It has no discomfort due to reflection and reflection image reflection, and has a transmission color tone close to black, and the glass surface side reflection color has a relatively pale green color, and is often used as a front door glass of automobiles, for example. It fuses with ultraviolet blocking green glass and the like, and is preferable from the viewpoint of sight. In addition, since a film unnecessary portion can be easily patterned by masking or the like and the film can be easily removed, a low reflectance that can be locally applied, for example, a transmittance can be increased in a high mount stop lamp portion of an automobile, and a wide range can be adopted. It proposes low transmittance glass.
【0014】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち、本発明は、ガ
ラス基板表面に熱線遮蔽膜と透明無着色性膜を順次成膜
した積層膜付きガラスであって、該積層膜付きガラスの
可視光透過率が10〜30%、前記積層膜付きガラスの膜面
およびガラス面側の可視光反射率が12%以下、日射透過
率が15%以下である低反射率、低透過率のガラスであ
る。That is, the present invention relates to a laminated glass having a heat ray shielding film and a transparent non-colored film sequentially formed on a surface of a glass substrate. Low reflectance and low transmittance glass having a reflectance of 10 to 30%, a visible light reflectance of 12% or less, and a solar transmittance of 15% or less on the film surface and the glass surface side of the glass with a laminated film.
【0015】さらに前記積層膜が、熱線遮蔽膜と透明無
着色性膜との互層膜であり、それぞれ2層以上有するも
のである。Further, the laminated film is an alternate layer film of a heat ray shielding film and a transparent and non-colored film, each having two or more layers.
【0016】前記熱線遮蔽膜は、Ti、ステンレス鋼(以
下St-St.という)、Cr、Ni−Cr、Mo、W 、Ti、Zr、Hf、
Fe、Co、またはNiのうち少なくとも1種の窒化物である
ことが望ましい。The heat ray shielding film is made of Ti, stainless steel (hereinafter referred to as St-St.), Cr, Ni-Cr, Mo, W, Ti, Zr, Hf,
Desirably, the nitride is at least one of Fe, Co, and Ni.
【0017】更に前記透明無着色性膜が、Ti、Zr、Ta、
Al、またはSiのうちの少なくとも1種の酸化物、あるい
はAlの窒化物またはSiの窒化物のうちの少なくとも1種
であることが望ましい。Further, the transparent non-coloring film is made of Ti, Zr, Ta,
Desirably, it is at least one oxide of Al or Si, or at least one of Al nitride or Si nitride.
【0018】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】熱線遮蔽膜は、公知例にも散見さ
れるようにTi、Zr、Cr、Hf、Ta、その他多くの金属の窒
化物膜が採用できる。それらの窒化物膜は概して可視域
から赤外域にかけて光反射性が強く、かつ前記領域の光
の吸収も顕著で熱線を遮蔽するとともに、着色して可視
光の透過を抑制する。なお、金属窒化物のうち熱線遮蔽
性が低く可視光透過率も比較的高いSiの窒化物、Alの窒
化物膜は適さない。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As a heat ray shielding film, a nitride film of Ti, Zr, Cr, Hf, Ta, and many other metals can be adopted as seen in known examples. These nitride films generally have high light reflectivity from the visible region to the infrared region, and also have a remarkable absorption of light in the region, block heat rays, and are colored to suppress transmission of visible light. Note that among metal nitrides, a Si nitride film and an Al nitride film, which have low heat ray shielding properties and relatively high visible light transmittance, are not suitable.
【0019】前記熱線遮蔽膜のうち、特にTi、St-St.、
Ni−Cr、Cr、Mo、W 、Zr、Hf、Fe、Co、またはNiのうち
少なくとも1種の窒化物を用いれば、比較的黒色系色調
を発現できる。そのなかでもTi、St-St.の窒化物が殊に
優れている。好ましい膜厚としては約20〜50nm程度であ
る。Among the heat ray shielding films, in particular, Ti, St-St.
If at least one nitride of Ni-Cr, Cr, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Fe, Co or Ni is used, a relatively black color tone can be exhibited. Among them, nitrides of Ti and St-St. Are particularly excellent. The preferred thickness is about 20 to 50 nm.
【0020】透明無着色膜は、可視域から赤外域にかけ
て光透過性が強く、従ってμm 以下のオーダーの膜厚で
は殆ど着色が認められないものをいい、公知例において
は、透明誘電体膜、透明酸化物膜、あるいは透明保護膜
とも称されるTi、Zr、Hf、Ta、Nb、Si、Al等の着色し難
い、あるいは着色性に乏しい酸化物膜や、Siの窒化物
膜、Alの窒化物膜がその範疇に入る。特にTi、Zr、Ta、
Al、またはSiのうちの少なくとも1種の酸化物、あるい
はAlの窒化物物またはSiの窒化物が推奨できる。透明無
着色性膜の好ましい膜厚としては約10〜60nm程度であ
る。A transparent non-colored film is a film having a high light transmittance from the visible region to the infrared region and, therefore, hardly colored at a film thickness of the order of μm or less. Transparent oxide film, or transparent protective film also called Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb, Si, Al, etc., which are difficult to color or poorly colored, oxide film of Si, nitride film of Si, Nitride films fall into that category. Especially Ti, Zr, Ta,
An oxide of at least one of Al and Si, or a nitride of Al or a nitride of Si can be recommended. The preferred thickness of the transparent non-coloring film is about 10 to 60 nm.
【0021】熱線遮蔽膜のみでは、膜面側の可視光反射
率が30%を超え、車内の反射映像の映り込みのため外部
が見難いという不具合が生じるが、熱線遮蔽膜と透明無
着色性膜を順次成膜した積層膜とすることにより、熱線
遮蔽膜の熱線遮蔽性、適度な透視抑制性に加え、膜相互
の光干渉効果により、黒色系色調を発現しつつ反射率を
低減することができる。さらに熱線遮蔽膜と透明無着色
性膜をそれぞれ2層以上でかつ両者を交互に順次成膜し
たことにより、より反射率の低減等の効果が得られる。
好ましくは成膜が容易なスパッタリング法による4〜6
層の積層膜とするのがよい。When the heat ray shielding film alone is used, the visible light reflectance on the film surface side exceeds 30%, and there is a problem that the reflected image inside the vehicle is reflected, making it difficult to see the outside. In addition to the heat-shielding properties of the heat-shielding film and the appropriate suppression of see-through, the film is formed into a laminated film in order to reduce the reflectance while exhibiting a black color tone due to the light interference effect between the films. Can be. Further, by forming two or more layers each of the heat ray shielding film and the transparent non-coloring film alternately and sequentially, the effect of further reducing the reflectance can be obtained.
Preferably 4 to 6 by a sputtering method that facilitates film formation.
It is preferable to form a laminated film of the layers.
【0022】スパッタリング装置としてインターバック
式(基板に成膜する際に、基板が成膜チャンバー内を幾
度も往復できる出口、入口が共通するタイプ)の装置を
用いる場合は、熱線遮蔽膜にTiの窒化物、透明無着色性
膜にTiの酸化物を用いることでターゲットを共有でき、
生産性を向上できる。In the case of using an inter-back type (a type in which the substrate is capable of reciprocating the substrate many times in the film forming chamber when the film is formed on the substrate, the outlet and the inlet are common) as the sputtering device, the heat ray shielding film is made of Ti. The target can be shared by using Ti and oxide for the nitride and transparent non-coloring film,
Productivity can be improved.
【0023】なお、前記透明無着色性膜は、耐摩耗性、
耐薬品性や耐湿性等の点から最外表層に配することが好
ましく、なかでもTa酸化物を配することが望ましい。そ
の他、ポリシラザン等のハードコート膜をオーバーコー
トすることも有益である。The transparent non-colorable film has abrasion resistance,
It is preferable to dispose it on the outermost surface layer from the viewpoints of chemical resistance, moisture resistance, etc., and it is particularly desirable to dispose Ta oxide. In addition, it is also useful to overcoat a hard coat film such as polysilazane.
【0024】本発明の低反射率ガラス、低透過率ガラス
に対し、光学特性上対照とされるのは、現在RV車の主
流であり奨用されているところの膜付けしない素板タイ
プの濃着色ガラス(1例として濃グレ−色:可視光透過
率約20〜30%、透過光主波長470〜570nm 、可視光反射
率4〜6%、反射光主波長 470〜570nm 、日射透過率約
15〜20%、日射反射率約4〜5%)である。The optical characteristics of the low-reflection glass and low-transmission glass of the present invention are contrasted with those of the uncoated film type, which is currently the mainstream of RV vehicles and is recommended. Colored glass (for example, dark gray color: visible light transmittance of about 20 to 30%, transmitted light dominant wavelength of 470 to 570 nm, visible light reflectance of 4 to 6%, reflected light dominant wavelength of 470 to 570 nm, solar light transmittance of about
15-20%, solar reflectance about 4-5%).
【0025】本発明においては、ガラス基板表面に熱線
遮蔽膜と透明無着色性膜を順次成膜した積層膜付きガラ
スの可視光透過率を10〜30%とすることにより、前記の
可視光透過率に匹敵させることができる。可視光透過率
が10%未満では夜間等において車内から外部が見難くな
り、30%を超えるとプライバシ−保護効果が薄れること
になる。なお、特に限定するものではないが透過可視光
の刺激純度を5%以下とすることにより、主波長がいず
れの波長域にあっても黒色系色調を呈し、ボディ等周囲
の物品色調の如何にかかわらずその色調にマッチングさ
せ易い。In the present invention, the visible light transmittance of the glass with a laminated film, in which a heat ray shielding film and a transparent non-coloring film are sequentially formed on the surface of the glass substrate, is set to 10 to 30%. You can match the rate. If the visible light transmittance is less than 10%, it is difficult to see the outside from the inside of the vehicle at night or the like, and if it exceeds 30%, the privacy protection effect is diminished. Although not particularly limited, by setting the stimulating purity of transmitted visible light to 5% or less, a blackish color tone is exhibited regardless of the main wavelength in any wavelength region, and how the color tone of the surrounding articles such as the body is changed. Regardless, it is easy to match the color tone.
【0026】前記積層膜付きガラスの膜面およびガラス
面側の可視光反射率を12%以下としたことにより、可視
光反射率12%超過における場合のような、車(室)内外
の反射映像の映り込みが顕著で違和感を生ずるようなこ
ともなく、特に車輌の場合、車内から外部が見難くなっ
て誤認や見落とし等を生じ不安全となるようなこともな
い。好ましい可視光反射率としては約10%程度ないしそ
れ以下である。By setting the visible light reflectance on the film surface and the glass surface side of the glass with the laminated film to 12% or less, reflection images inside and outside the car (room) as in the case where the visible light reflectance exceeds 12%. Is not noticeable and does not cause a sense of incongruity. Particularly, in the case of a vehicle, there is no possibility that the outside is difficult to see from the inside of the vehicle, which leads to erroneous recognition or oversight, which is not unsafe. The preferred visible light reflectance is about 10% or less.
【0027】なお、特に限定するものではないが、反射
可視光の刺激純度を15%以下とすることにより、反射可
視光の刺激純度15%超過におけるような反射色調が色づ
き視感上違和感を生じさせるような傾向も減ぜられる。
より好ましい反射可視光の刺激純度としては約10%程度
以下である。すなわち低反射、あるいは更に低刺激純度
とすることにより居住性、安全性、および環境面からも
好ましいものとなる。Although not particularly limited, by setting the stimulating purity of the reflected visible light to 15% or less, the reflected color tone becomes colored as in the case where the stimulating purity of the reflected visible light exceeds 15%, causing a sense of visual discomfort. The tendency to do so is also reduced.
The more preferable stimulating purity of the reflected visible light is about 10% or less. In other words, low reflectance or even lower stimulus purity is preferable in terms of habitability, safety, and environment.
【0028】日射透過率は、前記熱線遮蔽膜の作用とも
絡むが、車輌窓ガラスや建築物窓ガラス等を通して内部
に侵入する太陽輻射エネルギーを抑制し、内部の温度上
昇を抑え、冷房負荷を低減させ、あるいは更に人体に影
響する紫外線等を抑制するうえで重要であり、最近にお
いては15%以下のものが望まれるところである。Although the solar transmittance is related to the function of the heat ray shielding film, it suppresses solar radiation energy that enters the inside through a vehicle window glass, a building window glass, or the like, suppresses an internal temperature rise, and reduces a cooling load. In addition, it is important for preventing ultraviolet rays or the like from affecting the human body.
【0029】本発明の光反射率、透過率の低いガラスは
単板ガラスとしてそのまま、または強化、曲げ、曲げ強
化ガラスとしては勿論、複層ガラスあるいは合せガラス
として使用できる。用途としては建築物、構築物用、自
動車等の車輌、船舶、航空機等の移送機用に供すること
ができ、特に自動車用窓材とて例えばリヤウインド−ガ
ラス(シェ−ドバンド)、サイドウインド−ガラス(プ
ライバシ−)あるいはサンルーフガラス(遮光)等に適
用される。The glass having a low light reflectance and transmittance of the present invention can be used as a single glass as it is, or as a tempered, bent or bent tempered glass, as well as a multi-layer glass or a laminated glass. It can be used for buildings, structures, vehicles such as automobiles, transfer machines for ships, aircrafts, etc., and particularly as window materials for automobiles, for example, rear window glass (shade band), side window glass (Privacy) or sunroof glass (light shielding).
【0030】また、ガラス基板としては、フロート法を
はじめとする各種製板法で製造されたソーダ石灰系、ア
ルミノ珪酸系、硼珪酸系等の無機質で透明な無色または
着色ガラスであって、好ましくは例えばクリアーガラス
であり、グリーン系ガラス、ブロンズ系ガラス、グレ−
系ガラス、ブルー系ガラス等にも採用可能である。The glass substrate is preferably an inorganic, transparent, colorless or colored glass such as a soda-lime-based, aluminosilicate-based, or borosilicate-based glass manufactured by various plate-making methods such as a float method. Is, for example, clear glass, green glass, bronze glass, gray
It can also be used for blue glass, blue glass, and the like.
【0031】[0031]
【実施例】以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明す
る。ただし本発明は係る実施例に限定されるものではな
い。The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.
【0032】〔積層膜付きガラスの作製〕実施例1〜
4、比較例1〜4の積層膜付きガラスについて、表1に
示す膜構成の積層膜付きガラスを作製した。[Preparation of glass with laminated film]
4. With respect to the glasses with laminated films of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, glasses with laminated films having the film configurations shown in Table 1 were produced.
【0033】ガラス:洗剤洗浄、水濯ぎ、アルコール洗
浄により清浄にしたフロートガラスでサイズ約 300mm×
300mm(各実施例、比較例共通)のものを使用。色調、板
厚は表1に示される。 スパッタリング装置:DCマグネトロンスパッタリング
装置使用。 成膜条件:各実施例、比較例について表3〜表10に示
す。真空槽内に表示の所定ターゲットを配してガラスが
上方を往復できるように配置し、槽内を真空ポンプで
6.7×10-4Pa以下までに脱気した後、該真空槽内に表示
の所定流量( SCCM:標準状態における流量cc/min )の
所定ガスを導入して真空度を2.7×10-1Paに保持し、前
記ターゲツトに所定電力(KW)を印加し、該ターゲット
の上方にガラスを表示の所定速度(mm/min)で搬送しつ
つスパッタを行って第1層目の膜を形成し、その後ター
ゲットの印加を停止した。前記同様な操作を繰返して表
示の条件で2層目以降の膜を形成した。Glass: Float glass cleaned by detergent washing, water rinsing, and alcohol washing, approximately 300 mm in size
300mm (common for each example and comparative example) used. Table 1 shows the color tone and plate thickness. Sputtering device: DC magnetron sputtering device used. Film forming conditions: Tables 3 to 10 show the respective examples and comparative examples. Place the indicated target in the vacuum chamber and place it so that the glass can reciprocate upwards.
After degassing to 6.7 × 10 −4 Pa or less, a predetermined gas at a specified flow rate (SCCM: flow rate in standard condition cc / min) is introduced into the vacuum chamber to reduce the degree of vacuum to 2.7 × 10 −1 Pa And a predetermined power (KW) is applied to the target, and the first layer is formed by performing sputtering while conveying the glass at a predetermined speed (mm / min) above the target, Thereafter, the application of the target was stopped. The same operation as above was repeated to form the second and subsequent layers under the display conditions.
【0034】なお、各薄膜の膜厚については、それぞれ
の薄膜について、成膜時に成膜しない部分(マスキング
部)を設け、その段差を表面粗さ計(SLOAN 社製、DEKT
AK IIA)で測定して求めた。Regarding the thickness of each thin film, a portion (masking portion) where no film is formed at the time of film formation is provided for each thin film, and the step is measured with a surface roughness meter (DEKT, manufactured by SLOAN).
AK IIA).
【0035】〔測定および評価法〕 光学特性:JISZ8722、JISR3106に則り、340 型自記分光
光度計(日立製作所製)により、可視光 ( 380nm〜780n
m)透過率、可視光反射率、日射 ( 340nm〜1800nm) 透過
率、日射反射率を測定し、また主波長、刺激純度等の光
学的特性を求めた。その結果は表2に示す。[Measurement and Evaluation Methods] Optical characteristics: According to JISZ8722 and JISR3106, visible light (380 nm to 780 nm) was measured using a 340 type self-recording spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.).
m) Transmittance, visible light reflectivity, solar radiation (340 nm to 1800 nm) Transmittance and solar reflectivity were measured, and optical characteristics such as dominant wavelength and stimulus purity were determined. Table 2 shows the results.
【0036】なお、可視光透過率が10〜30%のものを○
印、上記範囲外のものを×印、可視光反射率が12%以下
のものを○印、上記範囲外のものを×印、日射透過率が
15%以下のものを○、上記範囲外のものを×印で評価し
た。A sample having a visible light transmittance of 10 to 30%
Mark, those with a visible light reflectance of 12% or less were marked with a circle, those outside the above range were marked with a cross, and the solar radiation transmittance was
Those of 15% or less were evaluated by ○, and those out of the above range were evaluated by x.
【0037】耐摩耗性(トラバース試験):ブロード布
#40を用い、荷重100g/cm2 のもと、ストローク距離 1
00mm、ストローク回数5000回後のヘ−ズ(曇り度合)値
の変化量(△H%)測定と、キズの付き具合を目視によ
り評価した。その結果は表2に示す。Abrasion resistance (traverse test): Using a broad cloth # 40, under a load of 100 g / cm 2 and a stroke distance of 1
The change (ΔH%) of the haze (degree of haze) after 5,000 strokes at 00 mm and the number of strokes was measured, and the degree of scratching was visually evaluated. Table 2 shows the results.
【0038】なお、△H%が4%以下、かつキズなしの
ものを合格とし○印で、△H%が4%を稍上まわる、ま
たはキズが多少認められるものを△印、△H%が10%以
上、またはキズが顕著に認められるもの、あるいは膜の
剥離があるものを×印で評価した。In addition, those with ΔH% of 4% or less and no scratches were judged as acceptable, and marked with ○, and those with ΔH% slightly exceeding 4% or with some scratches were marked with Δ, ΔH% Of 10% or more, those with marked scratches, and those with peeling of the film were evaluated with x marks.
【0039】耐酸、耐アルカリ性:(耐酸性)−−常温
で0.1 規定のH2SO4 溶液中に試験片を24時間浸漬した
後、外観を目視し評価した。 (耐アルカリ性)−−常温で0.1 規定のNaOH溶液中に試
験片を24時間浸漬した後、外観を目視し評価した。結果
を表2に示す。Acid resistance and alkali resistance: (acid resistance)-After immersing the test piece in a 0.1 N H 2 SO 4 solution at room temperature for 24 hours, the appearance was evaluated by visual observation. (Alkali resistance) --- The test piece was immersed in a 0.1N NaOH solution at room temperature for 24 hours, and the appearance was visually evaluated. Table 2 shows the results.
【0040】いずれにおいても外観を目視し、測定前と
変化が見られないものを合格とし、○印で、いずれか一
方において変化が認められるものを△印、両方において
変化が認められるものを×印で評価した。In each case, the appearance was visually inspected. If no change was observed before the measurement, it was judged as acceptable. The evaluation was made with marks.
【0041】耐湿性:温度約50℃で湿度95%RHの環境の
中、2週間保持した後、膜面の外観を目視で評価した。
結果を表2に示す。Moisture resistance: After being kept for 2 weeks in an environment of a temperature of about 50 ° C. and a humidity of 95% RH, the appearance of the film surface was visually evaluated.
Table 2 shows the results.
【0042】外観を目視し全く変化が見られないものを
合格とし、○印で、稍変化が認められるものを△印、明
らかに変化が認められるものを×印で評価した。When the external appearance was visually observed and no change was observed, it was evaluated as "OK", when a slight change was observed, and when a slight change was observed, and when a clear change was observed, the cross was evaluated.
【0043】その結果、表示のごとく、実施例範囲にお
いて可視光透過率、可視光反射率が低く、日射透過率も
抑え、熱線遮蔽性に優れた良好なガラスが得られること
が分かる。As a result, as shown in the display, it can be seen that good glass having low visible light transmittance and visible light reflectance, low solar light transmittance, and excellent heat ray shielding properties in the range of the embodiment can be obtained.
【0044】比較例1は日射透過率が高く熱線遮蔽性に
劣る。また刺激純度も高すぎ、ニュートラルな色調を得
難い、比較例2は可視光透過率,可視光反射率、日射透
過率ともに高い、比較例3は可視光透過率、日射透過率
が高く、また耐久性に劣る、比較例4は反射率が高い等
いずれも本発明の範囲から外れる。(なお、各表におい
て、化学量論的には例えばTiOxはTiO2を、TiNxはTi3N4
を、TaOxはTa2O5を、ZrOxはZrO2を----夫々示すが、ス
パッタリングにおいては必ずしも上記のような厳密な結
合形態を採らないので、表示のごとくした。)Comparative Example 1 has a high solar radiation transmittance and is inferior in heat ray shielding properties. In addition, the stimulus purity is too high, and it is difficult to obtain a neutral color tone. Comparative Example 2 has high visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, and solar transmittance, and Comparative Example 3 has high visible light transmittance, solar transmittance, and durability. Comparative Example 4 which is inferior in properties and has a high reflectance is out of the scope of the present invention. (In each table, the stoichiometrically example TiOx is TiO 2, TiNx is Ti 3 N 4
, TaOx indicates Ta 2 O 5 , and ZrOx indicates ZrO 2 , respectively. However, since the sputtering does not always take the strict bonding mode as described above, the symbols are shown as shown. )
【0045】[0045]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0046】[0046]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0047】[0047]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0048】[0048]
【表4】 [Table 4]
【0049】[0049]
【表5】 [Table 5]
【0050】[0050]
【表6】 [Table 6]
【0051】[0051]
【表7】 [Table 7]
【0052】[0052]
【表8】 [Table 8]
【0053】[0053]
【表9】 [Table 9]
【0054】[0054]
【表10】 [Table 10]
【0055】[0055]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明によれば、優れた
熱線遮蔽性を有し、黒色〜暗色系色調を呈して好適な遮
光性、プライバシ−性を発現し、また反射率も抑えたの
で視感的にも違和感がない。更に、耐摩耗性、耐薬品性
ならびに耐湿性に優れるという効果を奏し、単板ガラス
としてそのまま、または強化、曲げ、曲げ強化ガラスと
しては勿論、複層ガラスあるいは合せガラスとして、建
築物、構築物用、車輌、船舶、航空機等の移送機用に供
することができ、特に自動車用窓材とて例えばリヤウイ
ンド−ガラス(シェ−ドバンド)、サイドウインド−ガ
ラス(プライバシ−)あるいはサンルーフガラス(遮
光)等に適用されるものである。As described above, according to the present invention, it has an excellent heat ray shielding property, exhibits a black to dark color tone, exhibits suitable light shielding properties and privacy properties, and suppresses the reflectance. There is no sense of incongruity visually. Furthermore, it has the effect of excelling in abrasion resistance, chemical resistance and moisture resistance, as it is as a single glass, or as a tempered, bent, bent tempered glass, of course, as a multi-layer glass or laminated glass, for buildings, buildings, It can be used for transfer machines such as vehicles, ships, aircrafts, etc., and particularly as window materials for automobiles, for example, rear window glass (shade band), side window glass (privacy) or sunroof glass (light shielding). Applicable.
Claims (4)
色性膜を順次成膜した積層膜付きガラスであって、該積
層膜付きガラスの可視光透過率が10〜30%、前記積層膜
付きガラスの膜面側およびガラス面側の可視光反射率が
12%以下、日射透過率が15%以下であることを特徴とす
る低反射率、低透過率ガラス。1. A laminated glass having a heat ray shielding film and a transparent non-coloring film sequentially formed on a glass substrate surface, wherein the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 10 to 30%, The visible light reflectance on the film side and the glass side of
Low reflectance and low transmittance glass characterized by having a transmittance of 12% or less and a solar transmittance of 15% or less.
との互層膜であり、それぞれ2層以上有することを特徴
とする請求項1記載の低反射率、低透過率ガラス。2. The low reflectivity and low transmittance glass according to claim 1, wherein the laminated film is an alternate layer film of a heat ray shielding film and a transparent non-coloring film, each having two or more layers.
Ni-Cr、Mo、W 、Zr、Hf、Fe、Co、またはNiのうち少な
くとも1種の窒化物であることを特徴とする請求項1ま
たは2記載の低反射率、低透過率ガラス。3. The heat ray shielding film is made of Ti, stainless steel, Cr,
The low reflectance and low transmittance glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the glass is at least one kind of nitride of Ni-Cr, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Fe, Co, or Ni.
たはSiのうちの少なくとも1種の酸化物、あるいはAlの
窒化物またはSiの窒化物のうちの少なくとも1種である
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の低反射率、低
透過率ガラス。4. The transparent non-coloring film is at least one oxide of Ti, Zr, Ta, Al, or Si, or at least one of nitride of Al or nitride of Si. The low-reflectance and low-transmittance glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11311198A JPH11302037A (en) | 1998-04-23 | 1998-04-23 | Low reflectance and low transmittance glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11311198A JPH11302037A (en) | 1998-04-23 | 1998-04-23 | Low reflectance and low transmittance glass |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH11302037A true JPH11302037A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11311198A Pending JPH11302037A (en) | 1998-04-23 | 1998-04-23 | Low reflectance and low transmittance glass |
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JP (1) | JPH11302037A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001021540A1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2001-03-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Glazing provided with a stack of thin layers acting on solar radiation |
WO2008102822A1 (en) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-08-28 | Fujifilm Corporation | Polymer material containing ultraviolet absorbent |
WO2009022736A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2009-02-19 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heterocyclic compound, ultraviolet ray absorbent, and composition comprising the ultraviolet ray absorbent |
JP2010500271A (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2010-01-07 | フオン・アルデンネ・アンラーゲンテヒニク・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Quenchable solar control layer system and manufacturing method thereof |
CN107056084A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-18 | 信义节能玻璃(芜湖)有限公司 | Three-silver-layer low-radiation coated glass and manufacture method and application |
KR20180097003A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-30 | (주)엘지하우시스 | Coating glass having low-transmittance and low-reflection |
WO2020071202A1 (en) * | 2018-10-01 | 2020-04-09 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | Vehicle window glass, and method for manufacturing same |
WO2021045037A1 (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-03-11 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | Vehicle rear information acquisition system |
-
1998
- 1998-04-23 JP JP11311198A patent/JPH11302037A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001021540A1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2001-03-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Glazing provided with a stack of thin layers acting on solar radiation |
FR2799005A1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2001-03-30 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | GLAZING PROVIDED WITH A STACK OF THIN FILMS ACTING ON THE SOLAR RADIATION |
JP2003509327A (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2003-03-11 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | Glass with a stack of thin layers acting on solar radiation |
EP1947485A1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2008-07-23 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Window provided with a stack of fine layers acting on solar radiation |
JP2010500271A (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2010-01-07 | フオン・アルデンネ・アンラーゲンテヒニク・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Quenchable solar control layer system and manufacturing method thereof |
WO2008102822A1 (en) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-08-28 | Fujifilm Corporation | Polymer material containing ultraviolet absorbent |
WO2009022736A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2009-02-19 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heterocyclic compound, ultraviolet ray absorbent, and composition comprising the ultraviolet ray absorbent |
KR20180097003A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-30 | (주)엘지하우시스 | Coating glass having low-transmittance and low-reflection |
CN107056084A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-18 | 信义节能玻璃(芜湖)有限公司 | Three-silver-layer low-radiation coated glass and manufacture method and application |
CN107056084B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2023-11-17 | 信义节能玻璃(芜湖)有限公司 | Three-silver low-emissivity coated glass and manufacturing method and application thereof |
WO2020071202A1 (en) * | 2018-10-01 | 2020-04-09 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | Vehicle window glass, and method for manufacturing same |
WO2021045037A1 (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-03-11 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | Vehicle rear information acquisition system |
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