JPH1128932A - Air conditioner for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform the piping to be connected to a subsidiary condenser and piping to be connected to a heater core to penetrate a dash board by only two through-holes, and improve heating ability of the subsidiary condenser by heating cooling medium through the pipings connected to the subsidiary condenser by warm water trough the pipings connected to the heater core. SOLUTION: Pipings to discharge cooling medium from a subsidiary condenser out of pipings connected to the subsidiary condenser, and pipings to discharge warm water from a heater core out of pipings connected to the heater core, are integrated with each other at a part where they penetrate a dash board 30 to be a double pipe 37, and pipings to supply cooling medium to the subsidary condenser out of the pipings connected to the subsidiary condenser, and pipings to supply warm water to the heater core out of the pipings connected to the heater core, are integrated with each other at a part where they penetrate the dash board 30 to be a double pipe 40.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner used for an electric vehicle or the like, and more particularly, to an air conditioner in which an evaporator and a condenser constituting a refrigerant circulation cycle are arranged in an air conditioning duct and downstream of the condenser. The present invention relates to a structure in which a heater core is arranged.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An air conditioner for an electric vehicle of this type is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
Although it is conceivable to use a heat pump type air conditioner disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-18484, in recent years,
The cooling unit of the air-conditioning duct is provided with an evaporator and a sub-condenser, and by switching a three-way valve provided on the inlet side of the main condenser, the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor can be cooled to cool the main condenser, sub-condenser, evaporator, and compressor. And a system in which the main condenser is bypassed at the time of heating and the sub condenser, the evaporator, and the compressor are circulated in this order.

However, in the configuration of the air conditioner for an electric vehicle having the above configuration, when the intake air temperature is low during the heating operation, it becomes difficult for the evaporator to absorb heat from the air, so that the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator. Is not sufficiently performed, and condensing of the refrigerant in the condenser is insufficient, so that the heating efficiency is reduced.

In this case, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-254334, it is conceivable to arrange a heater upstream of the evaporator and heat the intake air by this heater. During the cooling operation, the heater becomes the ventilation resistance, and the cooling capacity is reduced. For this reason, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-257159, the present applicant has developed an electric vehicle air conditioner having a configuration in which an electrothermal auxiliary heater 43 is arranged downstream of the sub-condenser 9.

According to the air conditioner for an electric vehicle having such a configuration, even if it is not possible to appropriately heat the air passing therethrough due to the insufficient condensation rate of the refrigerant in the sub-condenser 9, the sub-condenser 9 cannot be heated. Since it is possible to heat the air by the auxiliary heater 43 disposed near the downstream side, the heating capacity can be increased, and
There is no possibility that the auxiliary heater becomes air resistance during the cooling operation.

[0006]

On the other hand, it has been required to use a hot water heater core as an auxiliary heater instead of the above-mentioned electric heater. In this case, however, such a hot water heater core is required. Since the heater core must be connected to the dashboard by a pipe connected to a water heater disposed outside the cabin, the dashboard needs to be provided with a through hole for a pipe connecting the heater and the water heater.

[0007] However, since most electric vehicles are based on those of Gazoline vehicles, the through holes for piping connecting the hot water type heater core and the water heater are:
2 for piping connecting sub-condenser and compressor
It is necessary to form a new dashboard separately from one penetration. Therefore, when a hot water heater core is used as an auxiliary heater of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle, the number of through holes formed in the dashboard increases, which may cause a problem that the manufacturing cost of the vehicle body increases.

[0008] In addition to the work of penetrating the pipe connected to the sub-condenser through the through hole of the dashboard, it is necessary to separately work of penetrating the pipe connected to the hot water heater core through the through hole of the dashboard. However, there is a possibility that the operation becomes complicated.

On the other hand, when the electric vehicle air conditioner warms up, the intake air temperature is, for example, -20 °.
When the air conditioner is low, the low pressure side temperature of the refrigerant also drops to −20 ° C. or lower. Therefore, it is effective to directly heat the refrigerant in order to obtain a desired heating capacity from the time when the air conditioner starts up.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a structure in which even if a hot water heater core is arranged downstream of a condenser, only two through holes are formed in the dashboard, and a pipe connected to the condenser and a heater core are connected to the heater core. And at the same time, heat the refrigerant passing through the pipe connected to the condenser using hot water passing through the pipe connected to the hot water type heater core. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle air conditioner in which the heating capacity of a condenser is improved.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a compressor disposed outside a vehicle compartment, a condenser disposed inside a vehicle compartment, and an upstream side of the condenser in the vehicle compartment. The arranged evaporator and the expansion valve arranged on the refrigerant flow path between the condenser and the evaporator are configured by at least pipe connection, and the pipe connected to the evaporator and the condenser is passed through the dashboard. A refrigerant circulation cycle comprising: a heater core disposed downstream of the condenser in the air-conditioning duct; and a water heater disposed outside the vehicle cabin. And a hot water circulation cycle formed by passing through one of the pipes connected to the condenser and the heat pipe. One of the pipes connected to the heater core, the other of the pipes connected to the condenser, and the other of the pipes connected to the heater core are integrated at a portion penetrating the dashboard to form a double pipe structure. (Claim 1). This double-pipe structure has a structure in which a flow area in which a refrigerant flows and a flow area in which hot water flows are partitioned by a wall surface where a pipe connected to a condenser and a pipe connected to a heater core are in contact with each other. For example, there is a structure in which a pipe connected to a condenser and a pipe connected to a heater core are formed coaxially so that the circumference of one pipe is further covered by the other pipe.

Thus, one of the pipes connected to the condenser and one of the pipes connected to the heater core are connected to the heater core and the other of the through-hole required for penetrating the dashboard and the other pipe connected to the condenser. Only one through hole is required to penetrate the dashboard with the other of the pipes.

[0013] In addition, one of the pipes connected to the condenser and one of the pipes connected to the heater core penetrate into the dashboard, and the other of the pipe connected to the capacitor and the other pipe connected to the heater core. The penetration into the dashboard can be performed in a single operation.

The pipe connected to the condenser and the pipe for discharging the refrigerant from the condenser and the pipe connected to the heater core and the pipe for discharging the hot water from the heater core are integrated to form a double pipe structure. In addition, the pipes connected to the condenser that allow the refrigerant to flow into the condenser and the pipes connected to the heater core that supply hot water to the heater core are integrated into a double pipe structure. Is desirable (claim 2).

Thus, the refrigerant flowing into the condenser can be heated by high-temperature hot water before being used for heat exchange in the heater core, so that the heating capacity of the condenser can be further improved.

The double tube penetrating structure penetrating the dashboard is such that an elastic member is externally fitted to the double tube, and the elastic member is inserted into a through hole formed in the dashboard. (Claim 3). As the elastic member, for example, a packing, a grommet, or the like is used.

[0017] Thus, the through hole of the dashboard has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the double pipe, and an elastic member having the double pipe inserted therein is fitted into the through hole, so that a gasoline vehicle or an electric vehicle can be used. The same dashboard can be used without distinction.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In an air conditioner 1 for an electric vehicle according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, an intake device 3 is provided at the most upstream side of an air conditioning duct 2, and an opening / closing ratio between an inside air inlet 4 and an outside air inlet 5 is controlled by an actuator 16. It is adjusted by the driven intake door 6. The air sucked by the rotation of the fan 7 through the intake device 3 is sent to the evaporator 8 and the sub-condenser 9, where the heat is exchanged. The sub-condenser 9 is arranged downstream of the evaporator 8,
The ratio of the air passing therethrough to the bypassing air can be varied by adjusting the opening of the mix door 10 with the actuator 17.

The mixed door 10 is at the α position indicated by a broken line when fully opened, thereby minimizing the ventilation volume of the sub-condenser 9 and at the β position indicated by a solid line when fully closed.
Thereby, the ventilation amount of the sub-condenser 9 is maximized.

The most downstream side of the air conditioning duct 2 is divided into a defrost air outlet 12, a vent air outlet 13, and a heat air outlet 14 and opens into the vehicle interior. The air outlet mode doors 15a, 15b, A blowout mode is switched to a vent mode, a bi-level mode, and a heat mode by operating the blowout mode doors 15a, 15b, and 15c with the actuator 18.

The outlet side of the sub-condenser 9 is connected to the inlet side of the evaporator 8 via a liquid tank 19 disposed outside the vehicle cabin and an expansion valve 20 connected to the outlet side of the liquid tank 19. The outflow side of the evaporator 8 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 21 arranged outside the vehicle cabin by piping. Further, the discharge side of the compressor 21 is connected to the inflow side of a main condenser 23 disposed outside the vehicle compartment via an electromagnetic valve 22, and the outflow side of the main condenser 23 is connected to the inflow side of the sub-condenser 9 via a check valve 24. Connected to the side. Further, a bypass passage 26 which is opened and closed by an electromagnetic valve 25 and bypasses the main condenser 23 is provided between the discharge side of the compressor 21 and the outflow side of the check valve 24.

Thus, a refrigerant circulation cycle is formed, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 is supplied to the main condenser 23, the check valve 24, the sub-condenser 9, the liquid tank 19, the expansion valve by controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valves 22 and 25. 20, a first path circulating in the order of the evaporator 9, and a sub-capacitor 9 bypassing the main capacitor 23;
The liquid tank 19, the expansion valve 20, and the second path that circulates in the order of the evaporator 8 are switched.

That is, in the cooling control, the air mix door 10 is fully closed, the solenoid valve 22 is opened, and the solenoid valve 25 is closed, so that the refrigerant flows through the first path. As a result, the air cooled by passing through the evaporator 8 bypasses the sub-condenser 9 and is not heated by the sub-condenser 9, so that the air is blown into the vehicle interior at a temperature substantially cooled by the evaporator 8.
However, when delicate temperature adjustment is required, for example, in the case of temperature adjustment after the vehicle interior temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the outlet temperature is delicately adjusted by adjusting the opening of the mix door 10. You can also.

In the heating control, the air mix door 10 is fully opened, the solenoid valve 22 is closed, and the solenoid valve 2 is closed.
5 is opened so that the refrigerant flows through the second path. Thus, the air cooled by passing through the evaporator 8 passes through the sub-condenser 9 and is heated by the sub-condenser 9. And in this heat exchange,
The balance between the heat absorption in the evaporator 8 and the heat radiation in the sub-condenser 9 is such that the temperature of the blown air rises comprehensively because the heat radiation for the work of the compressor 21 is large. As a result, the air can be blown into the vehicle cabin at a temperature warmer than the air before being cooled by the evaporator 8.

A heater core 27 is arranged downstream of the sub-condenser 9. The heater core 27 is of a hot water type that warms the surrounding air by passing hot water through the inside thereof. The inflow side and the outflow side of the hot water each have a water heater 28 for heating the hot water provided outside the air conditioning duct 2. The piping is connected to form a hot water circulation cycle. still,
The hot water circulation cycle is to detect the temperature of the intake air heated by the sub-condenser 9 by a sensor (not shown) as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-257159, and when the detected temperature is lower than a predetermined value. The hot water heated to a high temperature (for example, 70 ° C.) from the water heater 28 is supplied to the heater core 27. Thus, in the initial stage of heating when the outside air temperature is low, the heater core 27 plays a role as an auxiliary heat source, so that a desired heating capacity can be obtained from the time when the electric vehicle air conditioner 1 starts up.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a dashboard 30 for partitioning the interior and exterior of the vehicle is connected to a pipe 32 connected to the sub-condenser 9 to allow the refrigerant to flow into the sub-condenser 9 and a heater core 27. Through the pipe 33 for supplying hot water to the heater core 27 to
5 is formed, and a through-hole 36 is formed to penetrate a pipe 31 connected to the sub-condenser 9 to allow the refrigerant to flow out of the sub-condenser 9 and a pipe 34 connected to the heater core 27 to allow the hot water to flow out of the heater core 27. Is formed.

The pipe 32 of the sub-condenser 9 and the pipe 33 of the heater core 27 are integrated into a part penetrating through the through-hole 35 to form a double pipe 37. The double tube 37 has a structure in which a thin tubular portion 39 for flowing hot water is axially penetrated through a cylindrical portion 38 for flowing refrigerant, which extends in the same direction as the through hole 35. 38 is provided with branch pipe portions 38a and 38b extending obliquely outward from the side portions thereof.

Further, the pipe 31 of the sub-condenser 9 and the pipe 34 of the heater core 27 are integrated into a portion penetrating through the through-hole 36 to form a double pipe 40. This double tube 4
0, the cylindrical portion 4 extending in the same direction as the through hole 36.
1, the cylindrical portion 41 has a structure penetrating in the axial direction, and the cylindrical portion 41 is provided with branch pipe portions 41a and 41b extending obliquely outward from the sides thereof.

Thus, the branch pipe portion 38 of the cylindrical portion 38
a and the inflow side of the sub-condenser 9, the branch pipe portion 38b of the cylindrical portion 38 and the outflow side of the check valve 24 and the solenoid valve 25, and the branch pipe portion 41a of the cylindrical portion 41.
And the outlet side of the sub-condenser 9 are communicated with each other.
The refrigerant circulation cycle for cooling and heating described above is configured by communicating the first branch pipe portion 41b with the inflow side of the liquid tank 19. Further, one side of the thin tubular portion 39 communicates with the inflow side of the heater core 27, the other side of the thin tubular portion 39 communicates with the outflow side of the water heater 28, and one side of the thin tubular portion 42 and the heater core 27 communicate with each other. Is communicated with the outflow side of the water heater 28, and the other side of the thin tubular portion 42 is communicated with the inflow side of the water heater 28, thereby forming the above-described hot water circulation cycle for reheating.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the annular projections 3 are formed on the inner surfaces of the through holes 35 and 36.
5a, 36a are formed, and annular grooves 4 are formed in packings 43, 44 made of synthetic resin or the like which are attached to the outer periphery of the double pipes 37, 40.
5, 46, and the annular grooves 45 of the packings 43, 44,
The double pipes 37 and 40 are connected to the through holes 35 and 36 by fitting the 46 into the projections 35 a and 36 a of the through holes 35 and 36.
To be inserted. However, this packing 43,
A grommet may be used instead of 44.

According to the above configuration, the dashboard 39
Since only two through holes 35 and 36 are required, the inner diameters of the through holes 35 and 36 are made larger than the double pipes 37 and 40 in advance, and the packing 4 inserted into the through holes 35 and 36 is used.
Only by adjusting the sizes of the holes 3 and 44, the same dashboard 30 can be used regardless of whether the vehicle is an electric vehicle or a gasoline vehicle.

Further, the insertion into the through holes 35 and 36 can be performed by inserting the double pipes 37 and 40 at a time, respectively, so that the pipes 31 and 34 or
Piping work can be simplified as compared with the conventional configuration in which the pipe 32 and the pipe 33 are separately inserted into the through holes.

Further, since the coolant flows through the cylindrical portions 38 and 41 so as to wrap the thin tubular portions 39 and 42 through which the hot water flows, the hot water and the coolant are thermally conducted through the walls of the thin tubular portions 39 and 42. Shape, especially the double pipe 37 on the inflow side.
Accordingly, the refrigerant in the cylindrical portion 38 is heated to some extent using the heat conducted from the hot water to the thin tubular portion 39, so that the heating capacity of the sub-condenser during heating can be sufficiently maintained.

[0035]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the pipe connected to one capacitor and the pipe connected to one heater core, and the pipe connected to the other capacitor and the other heater core are connected. And the piping connected to
By using a double pipe at the part penetrating through the dashboard, only two through holes are required for the dashboard, which is separate from the through hole for letting the dashboard pass through the piping connected to the conventional condenser. Since the hot water circulation cycle can be provided without forming a new through-hole, an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by penetrating the dashboard with the double pipe, one of the pipes connected to the condenser and one of the pipes connected to the heater core, or Since the work for penetrating the dashboard with the other of the pipes connected to the condenser and the other of the pipes connected to the heater core can be performed at a time, the work can be simplified. it can.

According to the second aspect of the present invention,
By integrating a pipe that allows the refrigerant to flow into the condenser among the pipes connected to the condenser and a pipe that supplies hot water to the heater core among the pipes that are connected to the heater core, by forming a double pipe structure, The refrigerant flowing into the condenser can be heated by high-temperature hot water before being used for replacement, and the heating performance of the condenser can be improved.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the through hole of the dashboard has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the double pipe, and an elastic member having the double pipe inserted through the through hole is fitted. By doing so, the same dashboard can be used regardless of whether the vehicle is a gasoline vehicle or an electric vehicle, so that the versatility of the dashboard can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing an outline of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle in which the present invention is used.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing a configuration of a pipe connected to a sub-condenser and a heater core.

FIG. 3 (a) is an explanatory view of an axial cross section of a double pipe penetrating through a dashboard in the same pipe, FIG.
(B) is explanatory drawing of the radial cross section of the same double pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric vehicle air conditioner 8 Evaporator 9 Subcondenser 20 Expansion valve 21 Compressor 26 Bypass passage 27 Heater core 28 Water heater 30 Dashboard 31 Piping 32 Piping 33 Piping 34 Piping 35 Through-hole 36 Through-hole 37 Double pipe 40 Double pipe 43 Packing 44 Packing

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A compressor disposed outside a vehicle compartment, a condenser disposed inside the vehicle compartment, an evaporator disposed upstream of the condenser in the vehicle compartment, and a refrigerant flow path between the condenser and the evaporator. A refrigerant circulation cycle configured by connecting at least a pipe to the disposed expansion valve, and a pipe connected to the evaporator and the condenser through a dashboard; and a refrigerant circulation cycle disposed in the air conditioning duct downstream of the condenser. A heater core and a water heater disposed outside the vehicle cabin, at least having a hot water circulation cycle formed by connecting a pipe connected to the heater core through a dashboard, and being connected to the condenser. Connected to one of the pipes connected to the heater core and one of the pipes connected to the heater core. And the other pipe being connected to the other said heater core tube, an electric car air-conditioning system, characterized in that the double pipe structure is integrated in a part which penetrates the dashboard, respectively. 2. A double pipe formed by integrating a pipe of the pipe connected to the condenser through which the refrigerant flows out of the condenser and a pipe of the pipe connected to the heater core through which the hot water flows out of the heater core. And a pipe that connects the condenser with a pipe that supplies refrigerant to the condenser and a pipe that connects the heater core with a pipe that supplies hot water to the heater core. The air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner has a structure. 3. The penetration structure of a double pipe penetrating the dashboard, wherein an elastic member is externally fitted to the double pipe, and the elastic member is inserted into a through hole formed in the dashboard. The air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to claim 1.