JPH11286223A - Trailer-tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow a trailer to take each action of traveling, deceleration and stop simultaneously with a tractor to travel stably by transmitting driving force inputted to a tractor driving differential axle, to a trailer driving differential axle to make the wheels of the trailer drivable. SOLUTION: A tractor 10 has front wheels 12 and rear wheels 13, and a trailer 14 is provided with front wheels 15 and rear wheels 16. Driving force from an engine drives the rear wheels 13 of the tractor 10 through a tractor driving differential axle 19. At the same time, the driving force drives an expansion drive shaft 71 from the tractor driving differential axle 19 through a swivel drive 28 so as to drive the front wheels 15 and rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 respectively through the trailer front wheel driving differential axle 21 and a trailer rear wheel driving differential axle 22. The front wheels 15 and rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 can therefore be made driving wheels and also made steerable so as to drive safely.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a trailer tractor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among heavy trucks, there is a trailer tractor 3 in which a trailer 1 for loading a load is towed by a tractor 2. Conventional trailer tractor 3
, The wheels 4 of the trailer 1 are driven wheels and non-steered wheels.

[0003]

However, the conventional trailer tractor 3 in which the wheels 4 of such a trailer 1 are driven wheels and are not steered wheels has the following problems.

That is, as shown in FIG. 15, when turning a corner, the trajectory 6 of the front wheel 5 of the tractor 2 and the trajectory 7 of the wheel 4 on the trailer 1 greatly deviate. And the driving becomes difficult accordingly, and the wheels 4 on the trailer 1 side may be involved in an accident.

Further, as shown in FIG. 16, when the vehicle starts moving uphill (when starting uphill), the load on the trailer 1 moves toward the rear wheels 4, so that the load is applied to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side. There is a possibility that the load decreases, the drive wheels 8 idle, causing a slip phenomenon and losing the propulsive force.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), the engine brake and the
When the auxiliary wheels such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are actuated to decelerate the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the load on the trailer 1 moves forward and overloads the tractor 2, resulting in unstable running. Become. When the foot brake is operated in this state, the kickback phenomenon increases, and the jackknife phenomenon easily occurs.

As shown in FIG. 18, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (during a high-speed curve), the load on the trailer 1 moves outward due to centrifugal force and lateral G occurs. 9 tilts outward and the inner drive wheel 8a of the tractor 2
May float and cause a flooring phenomenon, which may lead to a fall. Therefore, a driver is required to have a control technique using a trailer brake device installed in a driver's seat. However, when the trailer brake device is used for a long time or repeatedly used many times, there is a problem that the trailer brake device generates heat and the braking capacity is reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain (when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain), the tractor 2
Since the entire propulsive load of the trailer 1 is applied only to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the drive wheels 8 may slip and cause a slip phenomenon to lose the propulsive force. Further, if the user loses the grip force while traveling downhill, the vehicle slips only in the direction in which gravity is applied, and steering becomes impossible.

An object of the present invention is to provide a trailer tractor which can solve the above-mentioned problems and can obtain a stable running state regardless of the situation.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, according to the invention described in claim 1, in a trailer tractor in which a trailer is towed by a tractor, the wheels of the trailer are used as drive wheels. Features.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the trailer is driven by the wheels of the trailer, the trailer performs the respective operations of traveling, deceleration, and stopping simultaneously with the tractor. Can be obtained. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a tractor drive differential axle is mounted on a trailer wheel, and a trailer drive differential axle is mounted on a tractor wheel, and the tractor drive differential axle and the trailer drive differential axle are connected by a drive shaft. It is characterized by doing.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the driving force of the tractor driving differential axle is transmitted to the trailer driving differential axle via the drive shaft. Thus, the trailer can be driven using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a trailer tractor in which a trailer is towed by a tractor, the wheels of the trailer are steerable.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the trailer wheels can be steered.
The turning radius of the trailer tractor can be reduced. As a result, the trail of the trailer wheel is made closer to the trail of the tractor wheel, so that the corner can be safely turned. In addition, the influence of the lateral G can be reduced during a high-speed curve.

Further, in the invention described in claim 4, the tractor and the wheels of the trailer are connected to each other at a fixed interval via the carrier, and the tractor and the wheels of the trailer and the wheels of the trailer are respectively connected. It can be turned horizontally,
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the rear overhang portion of the tractor and the trailer wheel are connected by a drawbar frame which can be extended and retracted.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the direction of the tractor changes, the drawbar frame extends and the wheels of the trailer are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor, thereby reducing the turning radius. Further, with such a structure, the wheels of the trailer can be easily steered.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in a trailer tractor in which a trailer is towed by a tractor, the wheels of the trailer are used as drive wheels, and the wheels of the trailer are steerable. I have.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the trailer performs driving, deceleration, and stop operations simultaneously with the tractor by using the wheels of the trailer as driving wheels, the vehicle can run stably. Can be obtained. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain. In addition, the turning radius of the trailer tractor can be reduced by enabling the wheels of the trailer to be steered. As a result, the trail of the trailer wheel is made closer to the trail of the tractor wheel, so that the corner can be safely turned. In addition, the influence of the lateral G can be reduced during a high-speed curve.

According to the invention described in claim 6, the tractor and the wheels of the trailer are connected to each other at a fixed interval via the carrier, and the tractor and the wheels of the trailer and the wheels of the trailer are respectively connected. It can be turned horizontally,
Furthermore, the overhanging portion at the rear of the tractor and the trailer wheel are connected by a retractable drawbar frame, and a tractor drive differential axle is mounted on the trailer wheel, and a trailer drive differential axle is mounted on the tractor wheel. A swivel drive connected to the tractor drive differential axle is provided at an overhanging portion behind the tractor, and the swivel drive and the trailer drive differential axle are connected by a telescopic drive shaft.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the tractor changes direction, the drawbar frame and the telescopic drive shaft extend, and the wheels of the trailer are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor, thereby turning. The radius becomes smaller. In addition, by adopting such a structure,
The trailer wheels can be easily steered. In addition, the driving force of the tractor drive differential axle is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle via the drive shaft. Thus, the trailer can be driven using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels.

[0022]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 13 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure will be described. In the first embodiment, the tractor 10 includes a driver's seat 11 and a front wheel 12.
And a rear wheel 13. Also, the trailer 14
Trailer chassis 17 with front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16
And a carrier 18.

Here, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 is connected to a tractor drive differential axle 19 (a front rear axle for two differentials is diverted). 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. Also, the front wheel 1 of the trailer 14
5 is connected to a trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 is connected to a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22, and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are connected to each other. Is transmitted to the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 as described later, so that the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven. The tractor drive differential axle 19, the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

Then, the trailer chassis 17 and the loading platform 18
Is connected rotatably in the horizontal direction via a slewing bear rig 23. In addition, the loading bed 18 and the tractor 1
0 is connected via a king pin 24 and a coupler 25 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the tractor 10
During travel, a constant interval 26 equal to the center-to-center distance between the king pin 24 and the slewing bear rig 23 is maintained between the vehicle and the trailer chassis 17.

A swivel drive 28 is attached to an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10. The swivel drive 28
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lower gear box 30 attached to the overhang portion 27 at the rear of the tractor 10 via an assembling bolt 29, and the lower gear box 30 via a slewing bear rig 31. It is mainly constituted by an upper gear box 32 connected to be rotatable 360 degrees in the horizontal direction.

The lower gear box 30 includes a horizontal input shaft 36 connected via a companion flange 35 to an input propeller shaft 34 extending from the tractor drive differential axle 19 inside a case 33, and a horizontal input shaft 36. And a vertical shaft 39 for changing the rotation in the direction to a rotation in the vertical direction via a pinion 37 and a bevel gear 38. An oil seal 40, a bearing 41, a thrust bearing 42, and the like for sealing and supporting the horizontal input shaft 36 and the vertical shaft 39 are provided in the case 33 of the lower gear box 30. Further, the case 33 is provided with a cover 44 for supporting the end of the vertical shaft 39 via a bearing 43.

Similarly, the upper gear box 32 is provided inside the case 45 with the vertical shaft 3 of the lower gear box 30.
9 is provided with a vertical shaft 47 connected via a coupling joint 46, and a horizontal output shaft 50 for changing the vertical rotation of the vertical shaft 47 into a horizontal rotation via a bevel gear 48 and a pinion 49. The horizontal output shaft 50 has a companion flange 51 attached to an end thereof, and is connected to a telescopic propeller shaft 52 described later. Also, upper gear box 3
2, an oil seal 53, a bearing 54, a thrust bearing 55, and the like for sealing and supporting the vertical shaft 47 and the horizontal output shaft 50 are provided. further,
The case 45 is provided with a cover 57 that supports the end of the vertical shaft 47 via a bearing 56.

Further, a drawbar mounting bracket 58 is fitted to the upper gear box 32 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction integrally with the upper gear box 32.

The drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the trailer chassis 17 are connected to each other by a drawbar frame 59 which can be extended and retracted as shown in FIGS. The drawbar frame 59 is attached to the trailer chassis bracket 6 provided on the trailer chassis 17.
A drawbar frame main body 62 having a bifurcated rear end pivotally supported in a vertical direction via a rear mounting pin 61 that is horizontal with respect to the rear end of the drawbar frame 62. It is mainly composed of a telescopic inner tube 63 inserted freely and rotatably. A mounting bracket 64 is provided at the distal end of the telescopic inner tube 63, and between the mounting bracket 64 and the drawbar mounting bracket 58 can be vertically swung via a horizontal drawbar frame mounting pin 65. It is pivoted. A slide bush 66, a seal 67, a retainer 68, and a snap ring 69 are provided at a fitting portion between the front end of the drawbar frame main body 62 and the rear end of the telescopic inner tube 63. An oil supply nipple 70 is provided at the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62.

Further, the swivel drive 28 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 are connected by a telescopic drive shaft 71 which can move freely. The telescopic drive shaft 71 is connected to the telescopic propeller shaft 52 connected to the horizontal output shaft 50 of the upper gear box 32 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
And a bearing 75 attached to the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62 and connected between the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shafts 72, 73 via a cross joint 74. Have been. The telescopic propeller shaft 52 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the outer tube 76 on the bearing 75 side
And a propeller shaft tube 77 attached to the distal end of the outer tube 76, and an inner shaft 78 inserted and disposed at the rear ends of the propeller shaft tube 77 and the outer tube 76 so as to be able to freely enter and exit.
It is mainly composed of And the inner shaft 7
8, ball grooves 79, 80 extending in the longitudinal direction are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the propeller shaft tube 77 and the inner peripheral surface of the propeller shaft tube 77.
A ball bearing 83 is interposed between the ball grooves 79 and 80 via a snap ring 81 and a dust oil seal 82. An oil supply nip 84 is provided at an intermediate portion of the propeller shaft tube 77.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, a driving force from an engine (not shown) is transmitted to a rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 via a propeller shaft 20 and a tractor driving differential axle 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. At the same time, the driving force is transmitted from the tractor drive differential axle 19 to the telescopic drive shaft 71 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
To the front wheel 15 of the trailer 14 via the
5 and a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 2
The power is transmitted to the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 through the second wheel 2 to drive the rear wheel 16. Therefore, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 become drive wheels. The tractor drive differential axle 19, trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

The tractor 10 and the trailer chassis 1
7 between Kingpin 24 and Slewing Bear Rig 23
The swivel drive 28 is provided at an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10 so that the swivel drive 28 and the trailer chassis 17 can be freely extended and contracted. By using the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic drive shaft 71 for coupling, as shown in FIG. 4, when the tractor 10 changes direction, the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic drive shaft 71 extend and move (see FIG. 4). Then, the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor 10, whereby the turning radius can be reduced. At this time, the twisting of the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 in the left-right direction is caused by the drawbar frame 59
Drawbar frame body 62 and telescopic inner tube 6
3 and is absorbed by axis rotation. Further, by interposing a ball bearing 83 between the inner shaft 78 of the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shaft tube 77, the expansion and contraction can be smoothly performed, and the gap between the inner shaft 78 and the propeller shaft tube 77 can be reduced. Thus, the shock due to the gap in the rotation direction is reduced.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, when the vehicle turns a corner, the trajectory 85 of the front wheel 12 of the tractor 10 and the trajectory 86 of the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 substantially coincide with each other. The radius of rotation of the wheel 10 is reduced, so that the driving becomes easier and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are less likely to be involved.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the vehicle starts on an uphill (starting uphill), the load on the trailer 14 moves toward the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 at the rear, and the trailer 14 The load applied to the wheel 13 (drive wheel) decreases, and the rear wheel 1
The front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 1 of the trailer 14 are
Since the driving wheels 6 are used, it is possible to prevent a loss of propulsion due to a slip phenomenon.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), engine braking and
When the auxiliary brakes such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are operated, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are simultaneously decelerated, so that the load on the trailer 14 moves forward and the tractor It is possible to prevent the running from becoming unstable due to excessively multiplying by 10. Therefore, in this state, even if the foot brake is operated, the kickback phenomenon is eliminated, the jackknife phenomenon is reduced, and safe driving can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (at the time of a high-speed curve), the trailer 14
Is moved outward by centrifugal force to generate lateral G, but the front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered outward, so that the influence of lateral G is reduced (angle θ). Is smaller, the effect of alleviating the influence of the lateral G becomes higher), and the bed 9 tilts outward, and the inner rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10
It is possible to prevent the flooring a from floating and causing the floor to fall.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, when traveling on snowy roads or uneven terrain (during snowy roads / uneven terrain), the tractor 1
0 and the entire thrust load of the trailer 14 can be distributed to the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14, so that it is possible to prevent a slip phenomenon and loss of the propulsion force. .

According to the present embodiment, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven and steerable with a simple configuration.

When the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 are separated, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is removed to separate the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the companion flange 51 is removed to remove the swivel drive. 28 and the telescopic propeller shaft 52 may be separated. Conversely, when connecting the tractor 10 and the trailer 14, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is inserted between the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the swivel drive 2
The companion flange 51 of FIG. By doing so, the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 can be easily attached and detached.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Included in this invention.

For example, the loading platform is not limited to a flat plate as shown in FIG. 1, but may be a container or the like.

[0045]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by using the wheels of the trailer as the drive wheels, the trailer performs the running, deceleration, and stop operations simultaneously with the tractor. Therefore, stable running can be obtained. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the driving force of the tractor drive differential axle is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle via the drive shaft. Thus, the trailer can be driven using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the turning radius of the trailer tractor can be reduced by making the wheels of the trailer steerable. As a result, the trail of the trailer wheel is made closer to the trail of the tractor wheel, so that the corner can be safely turned. Also,
The influence of the lateral G can be reduced during a high-speed curve.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the tractor changes direction, the drawbar frame extends and the wheels of the trailer are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor, and the turning radius decreases. Further, with such a structure, the wheels of the trailer can be easily steered.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by using the wheels of the trailer as the driving wheels, the trailer performs the respective operations of running, decelerating, and stopping simultaneously with the tractor, so that stable running can be obtained. Can be. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain. In addition, the turning radius of the trailer tractor can be reduced by enabling the wheels of the trailer to be steered. As a result, the trail of the trailer wheel is made closer to the trail of the tractor wheel, so that the corner can be safely turned. In addition, the influence of the lateral G can be reduced during a high-speed curve.

Further, according to the invention of claim 6, when the tractor changes direction, the drawbar frame and the telescopic drive shaft extend and move, the wheels of the trailer are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor, and the turning radius becomes small. Become. Further, with such a structure, the wheels of the trailer can be easily steered. In addition, the driving force of the tractor drive differential axle is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle via the drive shaft. This makes it possible to drive the trailer using the driving force of the tractor, which can provide a practically useful effect that the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention, with a part cut away.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where the angle of the tractor is changed in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the swivel drive.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the swivel drive.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a drawbar frame portion.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of the drawbar frame.

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of the telescopic propeller shaft.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a locus of a wheel when turning a corner according to the first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state at the time of starting uphill on the hill according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a state where the vehicle is traveling on a downhill according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a state at the time of a high-speed curve according to the first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state at the time of traveling on a snowy road and on uneven ground according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a locus of a wheel when turning a corner according to a conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a state when starting up a hill according to a conventional example.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state during traveling on a downhill according to a conventional example.

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a state at the time of a high-speed curve according to a conventional example.

FIG. 19 is a side view showing a state at the time of traveling on a snowy road / uneven ground according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tractor 12, 13 Wheel of tractor 10 14 Trailer 15, 16 Wheel of trailer 14 18 Luggage carrier 19 Tractor drive differential axle 21, 22 Trailer drive differential axle 27 Overhang part of tractor 10 28 Swivel drive 59 Drawbar frame 71 (Telescopic) drive shaft

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 5, 1999

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Document Name] Statement

[Title of the Invention] Trailer tractor

[Claims]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a trailer tractor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some heavy trucks include FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 9, there is a trailer tractor 3 in which a tractor 2 pulls a trailer 1 for loading a load. The conventional trailer tractor 3 includes the wheels 4 of the trailer 1
Are driven wheels and non-steered wheels.

[0003]

However, the conventional trailer tractor 3 in which the wheels 4 of such a trailer 1 are driven wheels and are not steered wheels has the following problems.

That is, as shown in FIG. 15, when turning a corner, the trajectory 6 of the front wheel 5 of the tractor 2 and the trajectory 7 of the wheel 4 on the trailer 1 greatly deviate. And the driving becomes difficult accordingly, and the wheels 4 on the trailer 1 side may be involved in an accident.

Further, as shown in FIG. 16, when the vehicle starts moving uphill (when starting uphill), the load on the trailer 1 moves toward the rear wheels 4, so that the load is applied to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side. There is a possibility that the load decreases, the drive wheels 8 idle, causing a slip phenomenon and losing the propulsive force.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), the engine brake and the
When the auxiliary wheels such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are actuated to decelerate the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the load on the trailer 1 moves forward and overloads the tractor 2, resulting in unstable running. Become. When the foot brake is operated in this state, the kickback phenomenon increases, and the jackknife phenomenon easily occurs.

As shown in FIG. 18, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (during a high-speed curve), the load on the trailer 1 moves outward due to centrifugal force and lateral G occurs. 9 tilts outward and the inner drive wheel 8a of the tractor 2
May float and cause a flooring phenomenon, which may lead to a fall. Therefore, a driver is required to have a control technique using a trailer brake device installed in a driver's seat. However, when the trailer brake device is used for a long time or repeatedly used many times, there is a problem that the trailer brake device generates heat and the braking capacity is reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain (when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain), the tractor 2
Since the entire propulsive load of the trailer 1 is applied only to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the drive wheels 8 may slip and cause a slip phenomenon to lose the propulsive force. Further, if the user loses the grip force while traveling downhill, the vehicle slips only in the direction in which gravity is applied, and steering becomes impossible.

An object of the present invention is to provide a trailer tractor which can solve the above-mentioned problems and can obtain a stable running state regardless of the situation.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a self-propelled truck
Can be rotated and separated in the horizontal direction via a coupler
Connect the trailer and use the tractor to tow the trailer
Trailer tractor on the trailer wheel
Install the derailleur drive axle and connect to the tractor coupler.
In the overhang behind the input shaft, the output shaft is
A swivel drive that can be turned horizontally
Tractor drive differential mounted on the tractor wheels
Propeller shaft between xle and swivel drive
Connect, swivel drive and trailer drive differential
Connect to the axle with a variable length propeller shaft
The drive force input to the tractor drive differential axle
To the trailer drive differential axle to drive the trailer wheels
It is characterized by being movable.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided
In the Ming, a trailer car connected to a self-propelled tractor
By using wheels as drive wheels, the trailer can be
Sometimes, it will run, decelerate, and stop.
Stable running can be obtained. Especially when starting uphill or going downhill
Driving force is distributed back and forth when traveling on slopes and on snowy roads and rough terrain
As a result, a stable propulsive force can be obtained.

At this time, a propeller shaft, a swivel
Eve, tractor drive via variable length propeller shaft
Dynamic differential axle driving force to trailer driven differential axle
Be transmitted. This allows you to
Even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the
The trailer can be driven without any trouble using the power
And the trailer wheels can easily be used as drive wheels.
Wear.

[0013] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the vehicle is capable of self-propelled operation.
Tractor can be rotated horizontally through couplers
Separate the trailer and pull the trailer with the tractor
Trailer tractor
Wheels can be turned horizontally on the loading platform via the trailer chassis
Connect and rotate the coupler and trailer chassis
The distance between the hearts is constant, and the trailer
Attach a variable length drawbar frame to the chassis,
The end of the overframe behind the tractor coupler.
To the hang-over part so that it can be turned horizontally.
The trailer wheels can be steered along with the trailer chassis.
It is characterized by:

According to the second aspect of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure,
In the light, by making the trailer wheels steerable,
The turning radius of the trailer tractor can be reduced.
You. This makes the trail of the trailer wheel
The corner can be turned safely because it is close to the trajectory of the wheel
Can be. Also, reduce the influence of lateral G during high-speed curves
Can be

At this time, when the tractor changes direction, the cap is closed.
The overhang part rotates around the
The drawbar frame extends and moves as the
Wheel is steered in the opposite direction to the tractor.
The turning radius becomes smaller. In addition, such a structure
Makes it easy to steer the trailer wheels
You.

[0016] According to the third aspect of the present invention, the vehicle is capable of self-propelled operation.
Tractor can be rotated horizontally through couplers
Separate the trailer and pull the trailer with the tractor
Trailer tractor
Wheels as drive wheels and trailer wheels can be steered
It is characterized by doing.

[0017] According to the third aspect of the present invention having the above structure,
In the Ming, a trailer car connected to a self-propelled tractor
By using wheels as drive wheels, the trailer can be
Sometimes, it will run, decelerate, and stop.
Stable running can be obtained. Especially when starting uphill or going downhill
Driving force is distributed back and forth when traveling on slopes and on snowy roads and rough terrain
As a result, a stable propulsive force can be obtained.
And by making the trailer wheels steerable,
The radius of gyration of the rail tractor can be reduced.
As a result, the trail of the trailer wheel is
You can safely turn the corner because you can approach the track
it can. Also, reduce the effect of lateral G during high-speed curves.
Can be.

According to the invention described in claim 4, self-propelled is possible.
Tractor can be rotated horizontally through couplers
Separate the trailer and pull the trailer with the tractor
Trailer tractor
Wheels can be turned horizontally on the loading platform via the trailer chassis
Connect and rotate the coupler and trailer chassis
Keep the distance between the hearts constant, and
Install the derailleur drive axle and connect to the tractor coupler.
In the overhang behind the input shaft, the output shaft is
A swivel drive that can be turned horizontally
Tractor drive differential mounted on the tractor wheels
Propeller shaft between xle and swivel drive
Connect, swivel drive and trailer drive differential
Connect to the axle with a variable length propeller shaft
The drive force input to the tractor drive differential axle
To the trailer drive differential axle to drive the trailer wheels
The trailer chassis, and
Drawbar frame that extends along the shaft and is variable in length
And attach the tip of the drawbar frame to the tractor cap.
Horizontally swivel connection to swivel drive behind
And the trailer wheels on the trailer chassis
Is made steerable.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the above configuration is provided.
Ming, propeller shaft, swivel drive, length available
Tractor driven differential axle via strange propeller shaft
The driving force of the wheel is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle.
Swell. This allows the trailer to change direction
Even if the tractor turns horizontally, it uses the driving force of the tractor
To drive the trailer without any trouble.
Alternatively, the wheels of the trailer can be used as drive wheels. and,
When the tractor changes direction, swivel around the coupler
The live rotates, and the length increases as the swivel drive rotates.
Variable propeller shaft and drawbar frame extend
Make sure that the trailer wheels are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor.
And the turning radius becomes smaller. Also, such a structure
To easily steer the trailer wheels
be able to.

[0020]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 13 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure will be described. In the first embodiment, the tractor 10 includes a driver's seat 11 and a front wheel 12.
And a rear wheel 13. Also, the trailer 14
Trailer chassis 17 with front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16
And a carrier 18.

Here, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 is connected to a tractor drive differential axle 19 (a front rear axle for two differentials is diverted). 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. Also, the front wheel 1 of the trailer 14
5 is connected to a trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 is connected to a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22, and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are connected to each other. Is transmitted to the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 as described later, so that the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven. The tractor drive differential axle 19, the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

Then, the trailer chassis 17 and the loading platform 18
Is connected rotatably in the horizontal direction via a slewing bear rig 23. In addition, the loading bed 18 and the tractor 1
0 is connected via a king pin 24 and a coupler 25 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the tractor 10
During travel, a constant interval 26 equal to the center-to-center distance between the king pin 24 and the slewing bear rig 23 is maintained between the vehicle and the trailer chassis 17.

A swivel drive 28 is attached to an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10. The swivel drive 28
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lower gear box 30 attached to the overhang portion 27 at the rear of the tractor 10 via an assembling bolt 29, and the lower gear box 30 via a slewing bear rig 31. It is mainly constituted by an upper gear box 32 connected to be rotatable 360 degrees in the horizontal direction.

The lower gear box 30 includes a horizontal input shaft 36 connected to an input propeller shaft 34 extending from the tractor drive differential axle 19 via a companion flange 35 inside a case 33, and a horizontal input shaft 36. And a vertical shaft 39 for changing the rotation in the direction to a rotation in the vertical direction via a pinion 37 and a bevel gear 38. An oil seal 40, a bearing 41, a thrust bearing 42, and the like for sealing and supporting the horizontal input shaft 36 and the vertical shaft 39 are provided in the case 33 of the lower gear box 30. Further, the case 33 is provided with a cover 44 for supporting the end of the vertical shaft 39 via a bearing 43.

Similarly, the upper gear box 32 is provided inside the case 45 with the vertical shaft 3 of the lower gear box 30.
9 is provided with a vertical shaft 47 connected via a coupling joint 46, and a horizontal output shaft 50 for changing the vertical rotation of the vertical shaft 47 into a horizontal rotation via a bevel gear 48 and a pinion 49. The horizontal output shaft 50 has a companion flange 51 attached to an end thereof, and is connected to a telescopic propeller shaft 52 described later. Also, upper gear box 3
2, an oil seal 53, a bearing 54, a thrust bearing 55, and the like for sealing and supporting the vertical shaft 47 and the horizontal output shaft 50 are provided. further,
The case 45 is provided with a cover 57 that supports the end of the vertical shaft 47 via a bearing 56.

Further, a drawbar mounting bracket 58 is fitted to the upper gear box 32 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction integrally with the upper gear box 32.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, between the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the trailer chassis 17, the drawbar frame 5 can be extended and contracted to change the length.
9. The drawbar frame 59
A drawbar frame main body 62 having a bifurcated rear end, which is pivotally supported by a trailer chassis bracket 60 provided on the trailer chassis 17 via a horizontal rear mounting pin 61 so as to be vertically swingable; The main body 62 mainly includes a telescopic inner tube 63 which is inserted and arranged so that its rear end can freely move in and out of the front end portion of the main body 62 so as to be pivotable. A mounting bracket 64 is provided at the distal end of the telescopic inner tube 63, and between the mounting bracket 64 and the drawbar mounting bracket 58 can be vertically swung via a horizontal drawbar frame mounting pin 65. It is pivoted. A slide bush 66, a seal 67, a retainer 68, and a snap ring 69 are provided at a fitting portion between the front end of the drawbar frame main body 62 and the rear end of the telescopic inner tube 63. Also,
At the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62, an oil supply nipple 7 is provided.
0 is provided.

Furthermore, between the swivel drive 28 and the trailer front wheel drive Defuakusuru 21 telescopic movement
And are connected by a telescopic drive shaft 71 whose length can be freely changed . The telescopic drive shaft 71 includes the telescopic propeller shaft 52 connected to the horizontal output shaft 50 of the upper gear box 32, and the propeller shafts 72, 73 connected to the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
And the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shafts 72 and 73 attached to the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62.
Bearing 7 which connects between the two via a cross joint 74
5 mainly. As shown in FIG. 9, the telescopic propeller shaft 52 includes an outer tube 76 on the bearing 75 side, a propeller shaft tube 77 attached to a distal end of the outer tube 76, and a propeller shaft tube 77 and an outer tube 76. It is mainly constituted by an inner shaft 78 whose rear end portion is inserted and moved freely inside. The outer peripheral surface of the inner shaft 78 and the propeller shaft tube 7
7 have ball grooves 79, 80 extending in the longitudinal direction.
A ball bearing 83 is interposed between the two ball grooves 79 and 80 via a snap ring 81 and a dust oil seal 82. An oil supply nip 84 is provided at an intermediate portion of the propeller shaft tube 77.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, a driving force from an engine (not shown) is transmitted to a rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 via a propeller shaft 20 and a tractor driving differential axle 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. At the same time, the driving force is transmitted from the tractor drive differential axle 19 to the telescopic drive shaft 71 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
To the front wheel 15 of the trailer 14 via the
5 and a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 2
The power is transmitted to the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 through the second wheel 2 to drive the rear wheel 16. Therefore, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 become drive wheels. The tractor drive differential axle 19, trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

The tractor 10 and the trailer chassis 1
7 between Kingpin 24 and Slewing Bear Rig 23
The swivel drive 28 is provided at an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10 so that the swivel drive 28 and the trailer chassis 17 can be freely extended and contracted. by the so bound to using a drawbar frame 59 and telescopic drive shaft 71, as shown in FIG. 4, when the tractor 10 changes direction, the center coupler 25
The swivel drive 28 rotates in the swivel drive 2
8, the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic drive shaft 71 extend (see reference symbol a in FIG. 4), and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor 10, thereby. The turning radius can be reduced. At this time, the twisting of the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 in the left-right direction is absorbed by the rotation of the drawbar frame main body 62 of the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic inner tube 63. Further, by interposing a ball bearing 83 between the inner shaft 78 of the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shaft tube 77, the expansion and contraction can be made smooth and the gap between the inner shaft 78 and the propeller shaft tube 77 can be reduced. Thus, the shock due to the gap in the rotation direction is reduced.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, when turning a corner, the trajectory 85 of the front wheel 12 of the tractor 10 and the trajectory 86 of the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 substantially coincide with each other. The radius of rotation of the wheel 10 is reduced, so that the driving becomes easier and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are less likely to be involved.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the vehicle starts on an uphill (starting uphill), the load on the trailer 14 moves toward the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 at the rear, and the trailer 14 The load applied to the wheel 13 (drive wheel) decreases, and the rear wheel 1
The front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 1 of the trailer 14 are
Since the driving wheels 6 are used, it is possible to prevent a loss of propulsion due to a slip phenomenon.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), engine braking and
When the auxiliary brakes such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are operated, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are simultaneously decelerated, so that the load on the trailer 14 moves forward and the tractor It is possible to prevent the running from becoming unstable due to excessively multiplying by 10. Therefore, in this state, even if the foot brake is operated, the kickback phenomenon is eliminated, the jackknife phenomenon is reduced, and safe driving can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (during a high speed curve), the trailer 14
Is moved outward by centrifugal force to generate lateral G, but the front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered outward, so that the influence of lateral G is reduced (angle θ). Is smaller, the effect of alleviating the influence of the lateral G becomes higher), and the bed 9 tilts outward, and the inner rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10
It is possible to prevent the flooring a from floating and causing the floor to fall.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, when traveling on a snowy road or an uneven ground (during running on a snowy road or an uneven ground), the tractor 1
0 and the entire thrust load of the trailer 14 can be distributed to the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14, so that it is possible to prevent a slip phenomenon and loss of the propulsion force. .

According to the present embodiment, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven and steerable with a simple configuration.

When the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 are separated, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is removed to separate the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the companion flange 51 is removed to remove the swivel drive. 28 and the telescopic propeller shaft 52 may be separated. Conversely, when connecting the tractor 10 and the trailer 14, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is inserted between the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the swivel drive 2
The companion flange 51 of FIG. By doing so, the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 can be easily attached and detached.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Included in this invention.

For example, the loading platform is not limited to a flat plate as shown in FIG. 1, but may be a container or the like.

[0043]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
According to Ming, a trailer connected to a self-propelled tractor
Of the tractor
At the same time, it will run, decelerate and stop.
Thus, stable running can be obtained. Especially when starting uphill
When driving downhill or on snowy roads or rough terrain, the driving force
By distributing, stable propulsion can be obtained
You.

At this time, the propeller shaft, the swivel
Eve, tractor drive via variable length propeller shaft
Dynamic differential axle driving force to trailer driven differential axle
Be transmitted. This allows you to
Even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the
The trailer can be driven without any trouble using the power
And the trailer wheels can easily be used as drive wheels.
Wear.

According to the invention of claim 2, the wheel of the trailer
Of the trailer tractor
The radius can be reduced. This allows the trailer
Trajectory of the tractor wheel
You can safely turn around the corner. In addition, high-speed power
The effect of the lateral G can be reduced during the operation.

At this time, if the tractor changes direction,
The overhang part rotates around the
The drawbar frame extends and moves as the
Wheel is steered in the opposite direction to the tractor.
The turning radius becomes smaller. In addition, such a structure
Makes it easy to steer the trailer wheels
You.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a self-propelled tiger
The trailer wheels connected to the
This allows the trailer to travel, decelerate, and stop simultaneously with the tractor.
Since each operation is performed, stable running can be obtained.
Wear. Especially when starting uphill, driving downhill, on snowy roads, or on uneven terrain
During driving, the driving force is distributed back and forth,
You can get the thrust. And the trailer wheels
By enabling steering, the rotation of the trailer tractor
The diameter can be reduced. This allows the trailer
Because the trajectory of the wheel is closer to the trajectory of the tractor wheel
You can safely turn around corners. Also fast car
The effect of the lateral G can be reduced at the time of driving.

According to the invention of claim 4, the propeller shuff
, Swivel drive, variable length propeller shaft
The driving force of the tractor drive differential axle is
It is transmitted to the dynamic differential axle. This allows
When the direction changes, the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer.
Also use the tractor's driving force to drive the trailer
And easily drive trailer wheels
It can be a ring. And the tractor changes direction
And the swivel drive rotates around the coupler,
Propeller shaft whose length can be changed according to the rotation of the
And the drawbar frame extend and the trailer wheels
Steering in the opposite direction to the tractor, resulting in a small turning radius
It becomes. In addition, with this structure,
Practical to be able to steer the trailer wheels
It can exert a beneficial effect.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Brief description of drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention, with a part cut away.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where the angle of the tractor is changed in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the swivel drive.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the swivel drive.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a drawbar frame portion.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of the drawbar frame.

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of the telescopic propeller shaft.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a locus of a wheel when turning a corner according to the first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state at the time of starting uphill on the hill according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a state where the vehicle is traveling on a downhill according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a state at the time of a high-speed curve according to the first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state at the time of traveling on a snowy road and on uneven ground according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a locus of a wheel when turning a corner according to a conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a state when starting up a hill according to a conventional example.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state during traveling on a downhill according to a conventional example.

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a state at the time of a high-speed curve according to a conventional example.

FIG. 19 is a side view showing a state at the time of traveling on a snowy road / uneven ground according to a conventional example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tractor 12, 13 Wheel of tractor 10 14 Trailer 15, 16 Wheel of trailer 14 17 Trailer chassis 18 Loading bed 19 Tractor drive differential axle 21, 22 Trailer drive differential axle 25 Coupler 27 Overhang portion of tractor 10 28 Swivel drive 52 (Telescopic) propeller shaft 59 Drawbar frame 71 (Telescopic) drive shaft シ ャ フ ト──────────────────

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 7, 1999

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Document Name] Statement

[Title of the Invention] Trailer tractor

[Claims]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a trailer tractor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some heavy trucks include FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 9, there is a trailer tractor 3 in which a tractor 2 pulls a trailer 1 for loading a load. The conventional trailer tractor 3 includes the wheels 4 of the trailer 1
Are driven wheels and non-steered wheels.

[0003]

However, the conventional trailer tractor 3 in which the wheels 4 of such a trailer 1 are driven wheels and are not steered wheels has the following problems.

That is, as shown in FIG. 15, when turning a corner, the trajectory 6 of the front wheel 5 of the tractor 2 and the trajectory 7 of the wheel 4 on the trailer 1 greatly deviate. And the driving becomes difficult accordingly, and the wheels 4 on the trailer 1 side may be involved in an accident.

Further, as shown in FIG. 16, when the vehicle starts moving uphill (when starting uphill), the load on the trailer 1 moves toward the rear wheels 4, so that the load is applied to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side. There is a possibility that the load decreases, the drive wheels 8 idle, causing a slip phenomenon and losing the propulsive force.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), the engine brake and the
When the auxiliary wheels such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are actuated to decelerate the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the load on the trailer 1 moves forward and overloads the tractor 2, resulting in unstable running. Become. When the foot brake is operated in this state, the kickback phenomenon increases, and the jackknife phenomenon easily occurs.

As shown in FIG. 18, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (during a high-speed curve), the load on the trailer 1 moves outward due to centrifugal force and lateral G occurs. 9 tilts outward and the inner drive wheel 8a of the tractor 2
May float and cause a flooring phenomenon, which may lead to a fall. Therefore, a driver is required to have a control technique using a trailer brake device installed in a driver's seat. However, when the trailer brake device is used for a long time or repeatedly used many times, there is a problem that the trailer brake device generates heat and the braking capacity is reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain (when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain), the tractor 2
Since the entire propulsive load of the trailer 1 is applied only to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the drive wheels 8 may slip and cause a slip phenomenon to lose the propulsive force. Further, if the user loses the grip force while traveling downhill, the vehicle slips only in the direction in which gravity is applied, and steering becomes impossible.

An object of the present invention is to provide a trailer tractor which can solve the above-mentioned problems and can obtain a stable running state regardless of the situation.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a trailer is connected to a self-propelled tractor via a coupler so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction and separable. In a trailer tractor that pulls a trailer with a tractor, a trailer drive differential axle is attached to the trailer wheel, and the output shaft can be turned horizontally with respect to the input shaft on the overhang behind the coupler of the tractor A swivel drive was installed, and the tractor drive differential axle mounted on the tractor wheels was connected to the swivel drive with a propeller shaft, and the swivel drive and trailer drive differential axle were connected with a variable length propeller shaft. The drive force input to the tractor drive differential axle It is characterized in that the drivable wheels of the trailer is transmitted to Le.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the trailer wheels connected to the self-propelled tractor are used as driving wheels, so that the trailer operates simultaneously with running, deceleration and stop of the tractor. So that
Stable running can be obtained. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain.

At this time, the driving force of the tractor drive differential axle is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle via a propeller shaft, a swivel drive, and a variable length propeller shaft. As a result, even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer when the direction changes, the trailer can be driven without hindrance using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels. it can.

[0013] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the vehicle is capable of self-propelled operation.
Tractor can be rotated horizontally through couplers
Separate the trailer and pull the trailer with the tractor
Trailer tractor
Wheels can be turned horizontally on the loading platform via the trailer chassis
Connect and rotate the coupler and trailer chassis
Keep the distance between the hearts constant, and
Install the derailleur drive axle and connect to the tractor coupler.
In the overhang behind the input shaft, the output shaft is
A swivel drive that can be turned horizontally
Tractor drive differential mounted on the tractor wheels
Propeller shaft between xle and swivel drive
Connect, swivel drive and trailer drive differential
Connect to the axle with a variable length propeller shaft
The drive force input to the tractor drive differential axle
To the trailer drive differential axle to drive the trailer wheels
The trailer chassis, and
Drawbar frame that extends along the shaft and is variable in length
And attach the tip of the drawbar frame to the tractor cap.
Horizontally swivel connection to swivel drive behind
And the trailer wheels on the trailer chassis
Is made steerable.

According to the second aspect of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure,
Ming, propeller shaft, swivel drive, length available
Tractor driven differential axle via strange propeller shaft
The driving force of the wheel is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle.
Swell. This allows the trailer to change direction
Even if the tractor turns horizontally, it uses the driving force of the tractor
To drive the trailer without any trouble.
Alternatively, the wheels of the trailer can be used as drive wheels. and,
When the tractor changes direction, swivel around the coupler
The live rotates, and the length increases as the swivel drive rotates.
Variable propeller shaft and drawbar frame extend
Make sure that the trailer wheels are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor.
And the turning radius becomes smaller. Also, such a structure
To easily steer the trailer wheels
be able to.

[0015]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 13 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure will be described. In the first embodiment, the tractor 10 includes a driver's seat 11 and a front wheel 12.
And a rear wheel 13. Also, the trailer 14
Trailer chassis 17 with front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16
And a carrier 18.

Here, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 is connected to a tractor drive differential axle 19 (a front rear axle for two differentials is diverted), and a driving force from an engine (not shown) is transmitted via a propeller shaft 20 to the tractor drive differential axle. 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. Also, the front wheel 1 of the trailer 14
5 is connected to a trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 is connected to a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22, and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are connected to each other. Is transmitted to the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 as described later, so that the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven. The tractor drive differential axle 19, the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

Then, the trailer chassis 17 and the carrier 18
Is connected rotatably in the horizontal direction via a slewing bear rig 23. In addition, the loading bed 18 and the tractor 1
0 is connected via a king pin 24 and a coupler 25 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the tractor 10
During travel, a constant interval 26 equal to the center-to-center distance between the king pin 24 and the slewing bear rig 23 is maintained between the vehicle and the trailer chassis 17.

A swivel drive 28 is attached to an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10. The swivel drive 28
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lower gear box 30 attached to the overhang portion 27 at the rear of the tractor 10 via an assembling bolt 29, and the lower gear box 30 via a slewing bear rig 31. It is mainly constituted by an upper gear box 32 connected to be rotatable 360 degrees in the horizontal direction.

The lower gear box 30 includes a horizontal input shaft 36 connected via a companion flange 35 to an input propeller shaft 34 extending from the tractor drive differential axle 19 inside a case 33, and a horizontal input shaft 36. And a vertical shaft 39 for changing the rotation in the direction to a rotation in the vertical direction via a pinion 37 and a bevel gear 38. An oil seal 40, a bearing 41, a thrust bearing 42, and the like for sealing and supporting the horizontal input shaft 36 and the vertical shaft 39 are provided in the case 33 of the lower gear box 30. Further, the case 33 is provided with a cover 44 for supporting the end of the vertical shaft 39 via a bearing 43.

Similarly, the upper gear box 32 is provided inside the case 45 with the vertical shaft 3 of the lower gear box 30.
9 is provided with a vertical shaft 47 connected via a coupling joint 46, and a horizontal output shaft 50 for changing the vertical rotation of the vertical shaft 47 into a horizontal rotation via a bevel gear 48 and a pinion 49. The horizontal output shaft 50 has a companion flange 51 attached to an end thereof, and is connected to a telescopic propeller shaft 52 described later. Also, upper gear box 3
2, an oil seal 53, a bearing 54, a thrust bearing 55, and the like for sealing and supporting the vertical shaft 47 and the horizontal output shaft 50 are provided. further,
The case 45 is provided with a cover 57 that supports the end of the vertical shaft 47 via a bearing 56.

Further, a drawbar mounting bracket 58 is fitted to the upper gear box 32 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction integrally with the upper gear box 32.

The drawbar frame 5 which can be extended and contracted to change its length between the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the trailer chassis 17 as shown in FIGS.
9. The drawbar frame 59
A drawbar frame main body 62 having a bifurcated rear end, which is pivotally supported by a trailer chassis bracket 60 provided on the trailer chassis 17 via a horizontal rear mounting pin 61 so as to be vertically swingable; The main body 62 mainly includes a telescopic inner tube 63 which is inserted and arranged so that its rear end can freely move in and out of the front end portion of the main body 62 so as to be pivotable. A mounting bracket 64 is provided at the distal end of the telescopic inner tube 63, and between the mounting bracket 64 and the drawbar mounting bracket 58 can be vertically swung via a horizontal drawbar frame mounting pin 65. It is pivoted. A slide bush 66, a seal 67, a retainer 68, and a snap ring 69 are provided at a fitting portion between the front end of the drawbar frame main body 62 and the rear end of the telescopic inner tube 63. Also,
At the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62, an oil supply nipple 7 is provided.
0 is provided.

Further, the swivel drive 28 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 are connected by a telescopic drive shaft 71 which can be extended and contracted to change its length. The telescopic drive shaft 71 includes the telescopic propeller shaft 52 connected to the horizontal output shaft 50 of the upper gear box 32, and the propeller shafts 72, 73 connected to the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
And the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shafts 72 and 73 attached to the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62.
Bearing 7 which connects between the two via a cross joint 74
5 mainly. As shown in FIG. 9, the telescopic propeller shaft 52 includes an outer tube 76 on the bearing 75 side, a propeller shaft tube 77 attached to a distal end of the outer tube 76, and a propeller shaft tube 77 and an outer tube 76. It is mainly constituted by an inner shaft 78 whose rear end portion is inserted and moved freely inside. The outer peripheral surface of the inner shaft 78 and the propeller shaft tube 7
7 have ball grooves 79, 80 extending in the longitudinal direction.
A ball bearing 83 is interposed between the two ball grooves 79 and 80 via a snap ring 81 and a dust oil seal 82. An oil supply nip 84 is provided at an intermediate portion of the propeller shaft tube 77.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, a driving force from an engine (not shown) is transmitted to a rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 via a propeller shaft 20 and a tractor driving differential axle 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. At the same time, the driving force is transmitted from the tractor drive differential axle 19 to the telescopic drive shaft 71 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
To the front wheel 15 of the trailer 14 via the
5 and a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 2
The power is transmitted to the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 through the second wheel 2 to drive the rear wheel 16. Therefore, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 become drive wheels. The tractor drive differential axle 19, trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

The tractor 10 and the trailer chassis 1
7 between Kingpin 24 and Slewing Bear Rig 23
The swivel drive 28 is provided at an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10 so that the swivel drive 28 and the trailer chassis 17 can be freely extended and contracted. By using the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic drive shaft 71 for coupling, as shown in FIG. 4, when the tractor 10 changes direction, the swivel drive 28 rotates about the coupler 25 and the swivel drive 2
8, the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic drive shaft 71 extend (see reference symbol a in FIG. 4), and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor 10, thereby. The turning radius can be reduced. At this time, the twisting of the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 in the left-right direction is absorbed by the rotation of the drawbar frame main body 62 of the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic inner tube 63. Further, by interposing a ball bearing 83 between the inner shaft 78 of the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shaft tube 77, the expansion and contraction can be made smooth and the gap between the inner shaft 78 and the propeller shaft tube 77 can be reduced. Thus, the shock due to the gap in the rotation direction is reduced.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, when the vehicle turns a corner, the trajectory 85 of the front wheel 12 of the tractor 10 and the trajectory 86 of the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 substantially coincide with each other. The radius of rotation of the wheel 10 is reduced, so that the driving becomes easier and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are less likely to be involved.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the vehicle starts on an uphill (when starting uphill), the load on the trailer 14 moves toward the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 at the rear, and the trailer 14 The load applied to the wheel 13 (drive wheel) decreases, and the rear wheel 1
The front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 1 of the trailer 14 are
Since the driving wheels 6 are used, it is possible to prevent a loss of propulsion due to a slip phenomenon.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), the engine brake,
When the auxiliary brakes such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are operated, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are simultaneously decelerated, so that the load on the trailer 14 moves forward and the tractor It is possible to prevent the running from becoming unstable due to excessively multiplying by 10. Therefore, in this state, even if the foot brake is operated, the kickback phenomenon is eliminated, the jackknife phenomenon is reduced, and safe driving can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (at a high speed curve), the trailer 14
Is moved outward by centrifugal force to generate lateral G, but the front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered outward, so that the influence of lateral G is reduced (angle θ). Is smaller, the effect of alleviating the influence of the lateral G becomes higher), and the bed 9 tilts outward, and the inner rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10
It is possible to prevent the flooring a from floating and causing the floor to fall.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain (on a snowy road or rough terrain), the tractor 1
0 and the entire thrust load of the trailer 14 can be distributed to the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14, so that it is possible to prevent a slip phenomenon and loss of the propulsion force. .

Further, according to the present embodiment, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven and steerable with a simple configuration.

When the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 are separated, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is removed to separate the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the companion flange 51 is removed to remove the swivel drive. 28 and the telescopic propeller shaft 52 may be separated. Conversely, when connecting the tractor 10 and the trailer 14, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is inserted between the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the swivel drive 2
The companion flange 51 of FIG. By doing so, the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 can be easily attached and detached.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Included in this invention.

For example, the loading platform is not limited to a flat plate as shown in FIG. 1, but may be a container or the like.

[0038]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by using the wheels of the trailer connected to the self-propelled tractor as driving wheels, the trailer can travel, decelerate, Since each stop operation is performed, stable traveling can be obtained. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain.

At this time, the driving force of the tractor driving differential axle is transmitted to the trailer driving differential axle via a propeller shaft, a swivel drive, and a variable length propeller shaft. As a result, even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer when the direction changes, the trailer can be driven without hindrance using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels. it can.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the propeller shuff
, Swivel drive, variable length propeller shaft
The driving force of the tractor drive differential axle is
It is transmitted to the dynamic differential axle. This allows
When the direction changes, the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer.
Also use the tractor's driving force to drive the trailer
And easily drive trailer wheels
It can be a ring. And the tractor changes direction
And the swivel drive rotates around the coupler,
Propeller shaft whose length can be changed according to the rotation of the
And the drawbar frame extend and the trailer wheels
Steering in the opposite direction to the tractor, resulting in a small turning radius
It becomes. In addition, with this structure,
Practical to be able to steer the trailer wheels
It can exert a beneficial effect. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 11, 1999

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Document Name] Statement

[Title of the Invention] Trailer tractor

[Claims]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a trailer tractor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some heavy trucks include FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 9, there is a trailer tractor 3 in which a tractor 2 pulls a trailer 1 for loading a load. The conventional trailer tractor 3 includes the wheels 4 of the trailer 1
Are driven wheels and non-steered wheels.

[0003]

However, the conventional trailer tractor 3 in which the wheels 4 of such a trailer 1 are driven wheels and are not steered wheels has the following problems.

That is, as shown in FIG. 15, when turning a corner, the trajectory 6 of the front wheel 5 of the tractor 2 and the trajectory 7 of the wheel 4 on the trailer 1 greatly deviate. And the driving becomes difficult accordingly, and the wheels 4 on the trailer 1 side may be involved in an accident.

Further, as shown in FIG. 16, when the vehicle starts moving uphill (when starting uphill), the load on the trailer 1 moves toward the rear wheels 4, so that the load is applied to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side. There is a possibility that the load decreases, the drive wheels 8 idle, causing a slip phenomenon and losing the propulsive force.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), the engine brake and the
When the auxiliary wheels such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are actuated to decelerate the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the load on the trailer 1 moves forward and overloads the tractor 2, resulting in unstable running. Become. When the foot brake is operated in this state, the kickback phenomenon increases, and the jackknife phenomenon easily occurs.

As shown in FIG. 18, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (during a high-speed curve), the load on the trailer 1 moves outward due to centrifugal force and lateral G occurs. 9 tilts outward and the inner drive wheel 8a of the tractor 2
May float and cause a flooring phenomenon, which may lead to a fall. Therefore, a driver is required to have a control technique using a trailer brake device installed in a driver's seat. However, when the trailer brake device is used for a long time or repeatedly used many times, there is a problem that the trailer brake device generates heat and the braking capacity is reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain (when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain), the tractor 2
Since the entire propulsive load of the trailer 1 is applied only to the drive wheels 8 on the tractor 2 side, the drive wheels 8 may slip and cause a slip phenomenon to lose the propulsive force. Further, if the user loses the grip force while traveling downhill, the vehicle slips only in the direction in which gravity is applied, and steering becomes impossible.

An object of the present invention is to provide a trailer tractor which can solve the above-mentioned problems and can obtain a stable running state regardless of the situation.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a trailer is connected to a self-propelled tractor via a coupler so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction and separable. In a trailer tractor that pulls a trailer with a tractor, a trailer drive differential axle is attached to the trailer wheel, and the output shaft can be turned horizontally with respect to the input shaft on the overhang behind the coupler of the tractor A swivel drive was installed, and the tractor drive differential axle mounted on the tractor wheels was connected to the swivel drive with a propeller shaft, and the swivel drive and trailer drive differential axle were connected with a variable length propeller shaft. The drive force input to the tractor drive differential axle It is characterized in that the drivable wheels of the trailer is transmitted to Le.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the trailer wheels connected to the self-propelled tractor are used as driving wheels, so that the trailer operates simultaneously with running, deceleration and stop of the tractor. So that
Stable running can be obtained. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain.

At this time, the driving force of the tractor drive differential axle is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle via a propeller shaft, a swivel drive, and a variable length propeller shaft. As a result, even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer when the direction changes, the trailer can be driven without hindrance using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels. it can.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a trailer tractor in which a trailer is connected to a self-propelled tractor via a coupler so as to be rotatable and separable in a horizontal direction, and the trailer is pulled by the tractor. The trailer wheels are connected to the loading platform via a trailer chassis so as to be able to turn horizontally, so that the distance between the coupler and the center of rotation of the trailer chassis is constant, and a trailer drive differential axle is mounted on the trailer wheels. A swivel drive that allows the output shaft to rotate in the horizontal direction with respect to the input shaft is attached to the overhang portion behind, and a propeller shaft connects between the tractor drive differential axle attached to the tractor wheel and the swivel drive. Connect and extend the distance between the swivel drive and trailer drive differential axle. Connected by a variable propeller shaft, the driving force input to the tractor drive differential axle is transmitted to the trailer drive differential axle to enable the trailer wheels to be driven, and the trailer chassis extends along the drive shaft and has a length. A variable drawbar frame is mounted, and the tip of the drawbar frame is connected to a swivel drive behind the coupler of the tractor so as to be able to turn horizontally, so that the wheels of the trailer together with the trailer chassis can be steered with respect to the loading platform.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the driving force of the tractor driving differential axle is transmitted to the trailer driving differential axle via the propeller shaft, the swivel drive, and the variable length propeller shaft. As a result, even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer when the direction changes, the trailer can be driven without hindrance using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels. it can. and,
When the tractor changes direction, the swivel drive rotates around the coupler, and the variable-length propeller shaft and drawbar frame extend and move with the swivel drive rotation, and the trailer wheels steer in the opposite direction to the tractor. And the turning radius is reduced. Further, with such a structure, the wheels of the trailer can be easily steered.

[0015]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 13 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure will be described. In the first embodiment, the tractor 10 includes a driver's seat 11 and a front wheel 12.
And a rear wheel 13. Also, the trailer 14
Trailer chassis 17 with front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16
And a carrier 18.

Here, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 is connected to a tractor drive differential axle 19 (a front rear axle for two differentials is diverted), and a driving force from an engine (not shown) is transmitted via a propeller shaft 20 to the tractor drive differential axle. 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. Also, the front wheel 1 of the trailer 14
5 is connected to a trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 is connected to a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22, and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are connected to each other. Is transmitted to the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 as described later, so that the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven. The tractor drive differential axle 19, the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and the trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

Then, the trailer chassis 17 and the carrier 18
Is connected rotatably in the horizontal direction via a slewing bear rig 23. In addition, the loading bed 18 and the tractor 1
0 is connected via a king pin 24 and a coupler 25 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the tractor 10
During travel, a constant interval 26 equal to the center-to-center distance between the king pin 24 and the slewing bear rig 23 is maintained between the vehicle and the trailer chassis 17.

A swivel drive 28 is attached to an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10. The swivel drive 28
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lower gear box 30 attached to the overhang portion 27 at the rear of the tractor 10 via an assembling bolt 29, and the lower gear box 30 via a slewing bear rig 31. It is mainly constituted by an upper gear box 32 connected to be rotatable 360 degrees in the horizontal direction.

The lower gear box 30 includes a horizontal input shaft 36 connected via a companion flange 35 to an input propeller shaft 34 extending from the tractor drive differential axle 19 inside a case 33, and a horizontal input shaft 36. And a vertical shaft 39 for changing the rotation in the direction to a rotation in the vertical direction via a pinion 37 and a bevel gear 38. An oil seal 40, a bearing 41, a thrust bearing 42, and the like for sealing and supporting the horizontal input shaft 36 and the vertical shaft 39 are provided in the case 33 of the lower gear box 30. Further, the case 33 is provided with a cover 44 for supporting the end of the vertical shaft 39 via a bearing 43.

Similarly, the upper gear box 32 is provided inside the case 45 with the vertical shaft 3 of the lower gear box 30.
9 is provided with a vertical shaft 47 connected via a coupling joint 46, and a horizontal output shaft 50 for changing the vertical rotation of the vertical shaft 47 into a horizontal rotation via a bevel gear 48 and a pinion 49. The horizontal output shaft 50 has a companion flange 51 attached to an end thereof, and is connected to a telescopic propeller shaft 52 described later. Also, upper gear box 3
2, an oil seal 53, a bearing 54, a thrust bearing 55, and the like for sealing and supporting the vertical shaft 47 and the horizontal output shaft 50 are provided. further,
The case 45 is provided with a cover 57 that supports the end of the vertical shaft 47 via a bearing 56.

Further, a drawbar mounting bracket 58 is fitted to the upper gear box 32 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction integrally with the upper gear box 32.

The drawbar frame 5 which can be extended and contracted to change its length between the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the trailer chassis 17 as shown in FIGS.
9. The drawbar frame 59
A drawbar frame main body 62 having a bifurcated rear end, which is pivotally supported by a trailer chassis bracket 60 provided on the trailer chassis 17 via a horizontal rear mounting pin 61 so as to be vertically swingable; The main body 62 mainly includes a telescopic inner tube 63 which is inserted and arranged so that its rear end can freely move in and out of the front end portion of the main body 62 so as to be pivotable. A mounting bracket 64 is provided at the distal end of the telescopic inner tube 63, and between the mounting bracket 64 and the drawbar mounting bracket 58 can be vertically swung via a horizontal drawbar frame mounting pin 65. It is pivoted. A slide bush 66, a seal 67, a retainer 68, and a snap ring 69 are provided at a fitting portion between the front end of the drawbar frame main body 62 and the rear end of the telescopic inner tube 63. Also,
At the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62, an oil supply nipple 7 is provided.
0 is provided.

Further, the swivel drive 28 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21 are connected by a telescopic drive shaft 71 which can be extended and contracted to change its length. The telescopic drive shaft 71 includes the telescopic propeller shaft 52 connected to the horizontal output shaft 50 of the upper gear box 32, and the propeller shafts 72, 73 connected to the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
And the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shafts 72 and 73 attached to the tip of the drawbar frame main body 62.
Bearing 7 which connects between the two via a cross joint 74
5 mainly. As shown in FIG. 9, the telescopic propeller shaft 52 includes an outer tube 76 on the bearing 75 side, a propeller shaft tube 77 attached to a distal end of the outer tube 76, and a propeller shaft tube 77 and an outer tube 76. It is mainly constituted by an inner shaft 78 whose rear end portion is inserted and moved freely inside. The outer peripheral surface of the inner shaft 78 and the propeller shaft tube 7
7 have ball grooves 79, 80 extending in the longitudinal direction.
A ball bearing 83 is interposed between the two ball grooves 79 and 80 via a snap ring 81 and a dust oil seal 82. An oil supply nip 84 is provided at an intermediate portion of the propeller shaft tube 77.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, a driving force from an engine (not shown) is transmitted to a rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 via a propeller shaft 20 and a tractor driving differential axle 19 to drive the rear wheel 13. At the same time, the driving force is transmitted from the tractor drive differential axle 19 to the telescopic drive shaft 71 and the trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21.
To the front wheel 15 of the trailer 14 via the
5 and a trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 2
The power is transmitted to the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 through the second wheel 2 to drive the rear wheel 16. Therefore, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 become drive wheels. The tractor drive differential axle 19, trailer front wheel drive differential axle 21, and trailer rear wheel drive differential axle 22 are provided with an interaxle differential lock device to absorb wheel rotation errors.

The tractor 10 and the trailer chassis 1
7 between Kingpin 24 and Slewing Bear Rig 23
The swivel drive 28 is provided at an overhang portion 27 located behind the coupler 25 of the tractor 10 so that the swivel drive 28 and the trailer chassis 17 can be freely extended and contracted. By using the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic drive shaft 71 for coupling, as shown in FIG. 4, when the tractor 10 changes direction, the swivel drive 28 rotates about the coupler 25 and the swivel drive 2
8, the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic drive shaft 71 extend (see reference symbol a in FIG. 4), and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered in the opposite direction to the tractor 10, thereby. The turning radius can be reduced. At this time, the twisting of the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 in the left-right direction is absorbed by the rotation of the drawbar frame main body 62 of the drawbar frame 59 and the telescopic inner tube 63. Further, by interposing a ball bearing 83 between the inner shaft 78 of the telescopic propeller shaft 52 and the propeller shaft tube 77, the expansion and contraction can be made smooth and the gap between the inner shaft 78 and the propeller shaft tube 77 can be reduced. Thus, the shock due to the gap in the rotation direction is reduced.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, when the vehicle turns a corner, the trajectory 85 of the front wheel 12 of the tractor 10 and the trajectory 86 of the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 substantially coincide with each other. The radius of rotation of the wheel 10 is reduced, so that the driving becomes easier and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are less likely to be involved.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the vehicle starts on an uphill (when starting uphill), the load on the trailer 14 moves toward the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 at the rear, and the trailer 14 The load applied to the wheel 13 (drive wheel) decreases, and the rear wheel 1
The front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 1 of the trailer 14 are
Since the driving wheels 6 are used, it is possible to prevent a loss of propulsion due to a slip phenomenon.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the vehicle is traveling on a downhill (during downhill traveling), the engine brake,
When the auxiliary brakes such as the retarder brake and the exhaust brake are operated, the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are simultaneously decelerated, so that the load on the trailer 14 moves forward and the tractor It is possible to prevent the running from becoming unstable due to excessively multiplying by 10. Therefore, in this state, even if the foot brake is operated, the kickback phenomenon is eliminated, the jackknife phenomenon is reduced, and safe driving can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the vehicle is running at a high speed and turns a curve (at a high speed curve), the trailer 14
Is moved outward by centrifugal force to generate lateral G, but the front wheel 15 and rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14 are steered outward, so that the influence of lateral G is reduced (angle θ). Is smaller, the effect of alleviating the influence of the lateral G becomes higher), and the bed 9 tilts outward, and the inner rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10
It is possible to prevent the flooring a from floating and causing the floor to fall.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, when traveling on a snowy road or rough terrain (on a snowy road or rough terrain), the tractor 1
0 and the entire thrust load of the trailer 14 can be distributed to the rear wheel 13 of the tractor 10 and the front wheel 15 and the rear wheel 16 of the trailer 14, so that it is possible to prevent a slip phenomenon and loss of the propulsion force. .

Further, according to the present embodiment, the front wheels 15 and the rear wheels 16 of the trailer 14 can be driven and steerable with a simple configuration.

When the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 are separated, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is removed to separate the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the companion flange 51 is removed to remove the swivel drive. 28 and the telescopic propeller shaft 52 may be separated. Conversely, when connecting the tractor 10 and the trailer 14, the drawbar frame mounting pin 65 is inserted between the drawbar mounting bracket 58 and the mounting bracket 64, and the swivel drive 2
The companion flange 51 of FIG. By doing so, the tractor 10 and the trailer 14 can be easily attached and detached.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Included in this invention.

For example, the loading platform is not limited to a flat plate as shown in FIG. 1, but may be a container or the like.

[0038]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by using the wheels of the trailer connected to the self-propelled tractor as driving wheels, the trailer can travel, decelerate, Since each stop operation is performed, stable traveling can be obtained. In particular, a stable propulsion force can be obtained by distributing the driving force back and forth when starting uphill, traveling downhill, traveling on snowy roads, or running on uneven terrain.

At this time, the driving force of the tractor driving differential axle is transmitted to the trailer driving differential axle via a propeller shaft, a swivel drive, and a variable length propeller shaft. As a result, even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer when the direction changes, the trailer can be driven without hindrance using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels. it can.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the driving force of the tractor driving differential axle is transmitted to the trailer driving differential axle via the propeller shaft, the swivel drive, and the variable length propeller shaft. This allows
Even if the tractor rotates horizontally with respect to the trailer when the direction is changed, the trailer can be driven without hindrance using the driving force of the tractor, and the wheels of the trailer can be easily used as the drive wheels. When the tractor changes direction, the swivel drive rotates around the coupler, the variable length propeller shaft and the drawbar frame extend with the rotation of the swivel drive, and the trailer wheels move in the opposite direction to the tractor. And the turning radius becomes smaller. In addition, such a structure can exert a practically useful effect that the wheels of the trailer can be easily steered.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention, with a part cut away.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where the angle of the tractor is changed in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the swivel drive.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the swivel drive.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a drawbar frame portion.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of the drawbar frame.

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of the telescopic propeller shaft.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a locus of a wheel when turning a corner according to the first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state at the time of starting uphill on the hill according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a state where the vehicle is traveling on a downhill according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a state at the time of a high-speed curve according to the first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state at the time of traveling on a snowy road and on uneven ground according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a locus of a wheel when turning a corner according to a conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a state when starting up a hill according to a conventional example.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state during traveling on a downhill according to a conventional example.

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a state at the time of a high-speed curve according to a conventional example.

FIG. 19 is a side view showing a state at the time of traveling on a snowy road / uneven ground according to a conventional example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tractor 12, 13 Wheel of tractor 14 Trailer 15, 16 Wheel of trailer 14 17 Trailer chassis 18 Loading bed 19 Tractor drive differential axle 21, 22 Trailer drive differential axle 25 Coupler 27 Overhang portion of tractor 10 28 Swivel drive 52 (Telescopic) propeller shaft 59 Drawbar frame 71 (Telescopic) drive shaft

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A trailer tractor in which a trailer is towed by a tractor, wherein the wheels of the trailer are drive wheels. 2. A tractor drive differential axle is mounted on a trailer wheel, and a trailer drive differential axle is mounted on a tractor wheel, and the tractor drive differential axle and the trailer drive differential axle are connected by a drive shaft. Trailer tractor. 3. A trailer tractor in which a trailer is towed by a tractor, wherein wheels of the trailer are steerable. 4. A tractor and a trailer wheel are connected via a carrier so as to be at a fixed interval, and the tractor and the trailer wheel and the trailer wheel and the carrier can be turned horizontally, respectively. 5. The trailer tractor according to claim 4, wherein the overhang portion of the trailer and the wheel of the trailer are connected by a drawbar frame which can be extended and retracted. 5. A trailer tractor in which a trailer is towed by a tractor, wherein a wheel of the trailer is used as a driving wheel, and a wheel of the trailer is steerable. 6. A tractor and a trailer wheel are coupled to each other via a carrier so as to be at a fixed interval, and the tractor and the trailer can be horizontally turned between the tractor and the trailer wheel and the carrier. The tractor drive differential axle is attached to the trailer wheel, and the trailer drive differential axle is attached to the tractor wheel. 6. The trailer tractor according to claim 5, wherein a swivel drive connected to the tractor drive differential axle is provided in the overhang portion of the vehicle, and the swivel drive and the trailer drive differential axle are connected by a telescopic drive shaft.