JPH11278886A - Continuous fiber reinforced concrete - Google Patents

Continuous fiber reinforced concrete

Info

Publication number
JPH11278886A
JPH11278886A JP10104042A JP10404298A JPH11278886A JP H11278886 A JPH11278886 A JP H11278886A JP 10104042 A JP10104042 A JP 10104042A JP 10404298 A JP10404298 A JP 10404298A JP H11278886 A JPH11278886 A JP H11278886A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
continuous fiber
reinforced concrete
fiber reinforced
cement
sewage sludge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP10104042A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toshiya Kano
敏也 狩野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Original Assignee
Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Taiheiyo Cement Corp filed Critical Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Priority to JP10104042A priority Critical patent/JPH11278886A/en
Publication of JPH11278886A publication Critical patent/JPH11278886A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve quick-hardening property, low shrinkability and dimensional stability by incorporating a calcined body of ashes produced by incinerating municipal garbage and/or sewage sludge and gypsum. SOLUTION: Ashes produced by incinerating municipal garbage and/or sewage sludge are calcined at 1,200-1,500 deg.C to obtain a calcined body contg. 10-40 wt.% C11 A7 .CaCl2 and C2 S and/or C3 S and 100 pts.wt. of the calcined body is blended with 1-30 pts.wt. gypsum, 0.1-3.0 wt.% inorg. or org. retarder, an aggregate, water, a continuous fibrous material and, optionally, a chemical admixture such as a high performance water-reducing agent to obtain the objective continuous fiber reinforced concrete. The effective utilization of the waste and re-conversion into resources can be promoted and the use of a variously restricted ecology cement inapplicable to a mortar-concrete product contg. reinforcing bars can be extended.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、都市ゴミ焼却灰
や下水汚泥焼却灰等の廃棄物を主たる原料として製造さ
れるセメント（以下、エコセメントという）を使用した
連続繊維補強コンクリートに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuous fiber reinforced concrete using cement (hereinafter referred to as "ecocement") produced mainly from waste such as incinerated ash from municipal waste and ash from sewage sludge.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】人間の生活レベルの向上に伴い、特に、
都市部におけるゴミの発生量が急増し、ゴミの処理が重
要な社会問題となってきている。ゴミの処理方法の一部
には、これを焼却し減容化した後、発生するゴミ焼却灰
を溶融固化して、コンクリートブロック等の骨材または
路盤材に利用されているものもあるが、大量使用にはほ
ど遠く、ゴミ焼却灰の多くは、埋め立て処分されている
のが現状である。2. Description of the Related Art With the improvement of human living standards, in particular,
The amount of garbage generated in urban areas has increased rapidly, and garbage disposal has become an important social problem. Some of the garbage disposal methods are incinerated and reduced in volume, and then the garbage incineration ash generated is melted and solidified, and used for aggregates such as concrete blocks or roadbed materials. It is far from mass use, and most of the incineration ash is currently landfilled.

【０００３】かかる中、都市ゴミ焼却灰や下水汚泥焼却
灰等の廃棄物を主たる原料として製造されるエコセメン
トが提案され、焼却灰の資源化有効利用技術として期待
されている。しかし、このセメントは、通常、塩素を
０．１重量％以上含有するため、鉄筋を腐食させ易く、
鉄筋を含むモルタル・コンクリート製品での適用ができ
ないという問題がある。[0003] Under such circumstances, ecocement manufactured by using waste such as incinerated ash of municipal waste and ash of sewage sludge as a main raw material has been proposed, and is expected as a technology for effectively utilizing incinerated ash as resources. However, since this cement usually contains chlorine in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more, it easily corrodes the reinforcing steel,
There is a problem that it cannot be applied to mortar / concrete products including reinforcing bars.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】従って、この発明は、
前述した鉄筋を含むモルタル・コンクリート製品に適用
できないなど各種の制約のあるエコセメントの用途を拡
大することができる連続繊維補強コンクリートを提供
し、廃棄物の有効利用および再資源化の促進を図ること
を目的とする。Therefore, the present invention provides
Providing continuous fiber reinforced concrete that can expand the use of eco-cement with various restrictions, such as being not applicable to mortar and concrete products containing reinforcing steel as described above, to promote effective use and recycling of waste With the goal.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
めに、この発明の連続繊維補強コンクリートによれば、
少なくとも、都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰の一種以
上を原料として製造されたセメントを用いてなること
（請求項１）、セメントが都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼
却灰の一種以上を原料としてなる焼成物であって、Ｃ11
Ａ7・ＣａＣｌ2を１０〜４０重量％およびＣ2Ｓ、Ｃ3Ｓ
の一種以上を含む焼成物と石膏からなること（請求項
２）、を特徴とする。以下、この発明を詳しく説明す
る。In order to achieve the above object, according to the continuous fiber reinforced concrete of the present invention,
At least using cement manufactured from at least one of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash (claim 1), the cement using at least one of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash as a raw material A fired product, C 11
The A 7 · CaCl 2 10~40 wt% and C 2 S, C 3 S
And gypsum (claim 2). Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明の実施の形態】この発明は、鉄筋コンクリートに
おける鉄筋代替の補強材として、あるいはプレストレス
トコンクリートにおけるＰＣ鋼材に代わる緊張材とし
て、所謂、連続繊維補強材を用いたコンクリートにあっ
て、少なくとも、都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰の一
種以上を原料として製造されたエコセメントを用いてな
ることを第一の特徴とする。エコセメントは、前述した
ように塩素を含有してなり、鉄筋を腐食させるものであ
るが、一方で、後述するように速硬性や低収縮性を有す
るものであり、連続繊維補強材と組合わせることにより
効率よく好適な構造用または非構造用コンクリートとす
ることができる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention relates to concrete using a so-called continuous fiber reinforcing material as a reinforcing material in place of reinforcing steel in reinforced concrete, or as a tensioning material in place of PC steel in prestressed concrete. The first feature is that eco-cement manufactured using at least one of incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash as a raw material is used. Eco-cement contains chlorine as described above and corrodes rebar, but on the other hand, has quick-setting and low-shrinkage properties as described later, and is combined with a continuous fiber reinforcement. In this way, it is possible to efficiently provide a suitable structural or non-structural concrete.

【０００７】エコセメントは、都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚
泥焼却灰の一種以上を主たる原料として製造するが、貝
殻や下水汚泥に生石灰を混合した下水汚泥乾粉、その他
の一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物、更には普通のセメント原料
である石灰石、粘土、珪石、アルミ灰、ボーキサイト、
鉄等と適宜混合して成分調整した原料を使用することが
でき、これら原料を１２００〜１５００℃で焼成し、こ
れに石膏を加えて粉砕、あるいは粉砕後石膏を加えて得
られるもので、焼成物は、Ｃ11Ａ7・ＣａＣｌ2（１１Ｃ
ａＯ・７Ａｌ2Ｏ3・ＣａＣｌ2）を１０〜４０重量％お
よびＣ2Ｓ（２ＣａＯ・ＳｉＯ2）、Ｃ3Ｓ（３ＣａＯ・
ＳｉＯ2）の一種以上を含むものが好ましく、速硬性や
低収縮性に優れるセメントとすることができる。[0007] Ecocement is produced by using at least one of municipal garbage incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash as a main raw material. Sewage sludge dry powder obtained by mixing quicklime with shells and sewage sludge, other general waste and industrial waste, In addition, ordinary cement raw materials such as limestone, clay, silica, aluminum ash, bauxite,
Raw materials whose components have been adjusted by appropriately mixing with iron or the like can be used. These raw materials are calcined at 1200 to 1500 ° C., and gypsum is added thereto and pulverized. The material is C 11 A 7 .CaCl 2 (11C
aO · 7Al 2 O 3 · CaCl 2) 10 to 40 wt% and C 2 S (2CaO · SiO 2 ), C 3 S (3CaO ·
It is preferable to use a cement containing one or more types of SiO 2 ), and it is possible to obtain a cement excellent in quick-setting property and low shrinkage property.

【０００８】焼成物中のアルミニウム源は主として焼却
灰から由来するので、Ｃ11Ａ7・ＣａＣｌ2化合物の含有
量が１０重量％未満では、焼却灰の使用量が少なくな
り、廃棄物の有効利用および再資源化の観点から好まし
くない。また、４０重量％を超えると水和の進行によっ
て過大に膨張する場合がある。Since the aluminum source in the fired material is mainly derived from incinerated ash, if the content of the C 11 A 7 .CaCl 2 compound is less than 10% by weight, the amount of incinerated ash used is reduced, and the effective use of waste It is not preferable from the viewpoint of recycling. On the other hand, if it exceeds 40% by weight, it may expand excessively due to the progress of hydration.

【０００９】つぎに石膏は、無水石膏、二水石膏、半水
石膏のいずれも使用でき、強度の発現性から、石膏は、
焼成物１００重量部に対して１〜３０重量部添加するの
が好ましい。Next, gypsum can be used in any of anhydrous gypsum, gypsum dihydrate and hemihydrate gypsum.
It is preferable to add 1 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fired product.

【００１０】この発明の連続繊維補強コンクリートにお
いて、前記エコセメントは、これを全量使用することも
できるが、普通、早強、超早強、中庸熱、耐硫酸塩、白
色などの各種ポルトランドセメントや高炉、シリカ、フ
ライアッシュ等の各種混合セメントと併用して用いても
よく、さらに、フライアッシュ、高炉スラグ、石灰石微
粉末、シリカヒューム等の各種充填材を添加することも
できる。すなわち、エコセメントは、Ｃ11Ａ7・ＣａＣ
ｌ2化合物を１０〜４０重量％含有する速硬性の強い材
料であるが、ポルトランドセメント等を混合することに
より、速硬性を調整し、連続繊維補強コンクリートの製
造を容易にすることができる。[0010] In the continuous fiber reinforced concrete of the present invention, the ecocement can be used in its entirety, but various types of Portland cement such as ordinary, fast, ultrafast, moderate heat, sulfate resistant, white, etc. It may be used in combination with various mixed cements such as blast furnace, silica, fly ash and the like, and further, various fillers such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, limestone fine powder, silica fume and the like may be added. That is, ecocement is C 11 A 7 .CaC
Although l 2 compounds a strong material quick-setting containing 10 to 40 wt%, by mixing Portland cement or the like, to adjust the fast curing, it is possible to facilitate the manufacture of continuous fiber reinforced concrete.

【００１１】また、エコセメントの凝結調整をするため
に、無機系若しくは有機系遅延剤を使用することによっ
て、連続繊維補強コンクリート製造における可使時間を
調整することができる。無機系遅延剤としては、リン酸
およびその塩等、例えば、リン酸、リン酸塩、ホウ酸、
ホウ酸塩等が使用でき、有機系遅延剤は、カルボン酸、
オキシカルボン酸およびその塩、糖等、例えばクエン
酸、リンゴ酸、スクロース、オリゴ糖、デキストリン等
が好適に使用できる。In addition, by using an inorganic or organic retarder for adjusting the setting of eco-cement, the pot life in the production of continuous fiber reinforced concrete can be adjusted. As the inorganic retarder, phosphoric acid and salts thereof, for example, phosphoric acid, phosphate, boric acid,
Borates and the like can be used, and organic retarders include carboxylic acids,
Oxycarboxylic acids and salts thereof, sugars and the like, for example, citric acid, malic acid, sucrose, oligosaccharides, dextrin and the like can be suitably used.

【００１２】これら凝結調整剤の添加量は、エコセメン
トに対して、０．１〜３．０重量％の範囲で添加するこ
とにより好適な可使時間が得られるが、前記ポルトラン
ドセメント等を併用し、エコセメントを６０重量％以下
で使用する時は、前記凝結調整剤を必ずしも添加する必
要はない。A preferable pot life can be obtained by adding 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of the setting modifier to the ecocement. When the ecocement is used at 60% by weight or less, it is not always necessary to add the setting modifier.

【００１３】次にこの発明は、前記エコセメントや凝結
調整剤のほか、骨材、水、及び必要に応じて高性能減水
剤等の化学混和剤を用いて通常のコンクリートと同様に
混練成形するとともに、連続繊維補強材を適用してこの
発明の連続繊維補強コンクリートとすることができる
が、鉄筋コンクリートにおける鉄筋代替の補強材とし
て、あるいはプレストレストコンクリートにおけるＰＣ
鋼材に代わる緊張材としての連続繊維補強材は、炭素繊
維、アラミド繊維、ガラス繊維、ビニロン繊維などの多
数本の連続繊維を集束し、エポキシ樹脂やビニルエステ
ル樹脂等の樹脂系やセメント系の各種結合材を含浸させ
て成形加工してなるもので、棒状、格子状、三次元織物
状等の各種市販品を使用することができる。これら連続
繊維補強材は、鋼材と比較して比重が小さいにもかかわ
らず引張り強度が大きく、また、耐候性や耐化学薬品性
に優れる。Next, in the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned eco-cement and setting modifier, kneading and molding are carried out in the same manner as ordinary concrete, using a chemical admixture such as aggregate, water and, if necessary, a high-performance water reducing agent. At the same time, a continuous fiber reinforced material can be applied to the continuous fiber reinforced concrete of the present invention, but it can be used as a substitute for reinforcing steel in reinforced concrete or PC in prestressed concrete.
A continuous fiber reinforcement as a tensioning material that replaces steel is a bundle of many continuous fibers such as carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, and vinylon fiber. The product is formed by impregnating with a binder and processed, and various commercially available products such as a bar, a lattice, and a three-dimensional woven fabric can be used. These continuous fiber reinforcing materials have a high tensile strength despite having a lower specific gravity than steel materials, and are excellent in weather resistance and chemical resistance.

【００１４】前述したようにエコセメントは、塩素を含
有してなり、鉄筋を腐食させるものであるが、一方で、
速硬性や低収縮性を有するものであり、前記連続繊維補
強材と組合わせることにより、寸法安定性に優れると共
に、効率よく連続繊維補強コンクリートとすることがで
きるものである。以下、この発明の実施例を示す。As described above, ecocement contains chlorine and corrodes reinforcing steel.
It has quick-hardening properties and low shrinkage, and when combined with the continuous fiber reinforcing material, has excellent dimensional stability and can be efficiently made into continuous fiber-reinforced concrete. Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.

【００１５】[0015]

【実施例】下記配合によりコンクリートを調製し、連続
繊維補強材を用いたカーテンウォールを製作した。 エコセメント ３６３重量部（比重３．１３） 細骨材 ７５５重量部（表乾比重２．５９） 粗骨材 １０６３重量部（表乾比重２．６４） 水 １４５重量部 クエン酸 ２．９０重量部 高性能減水剤 ２．５７重量部（花王社マイティ１５０）EXAMPLES Concrete was prepared according to the following composition, and a curtain wall using a continuous fiber reinforcement was manufactured. Ecocement 363 parts by weight (specific gravity 3.13) Fine aggregate 755 parts by weight (surface dry specific gravity 2.59) Coarse aggregate 1063 parts by weight (surface dry specific gravity 2.64) Water 145 parts by weight Citric acid 2.90 parts by weight 2.57 parts by weight of high performance water reducing agent (Kaosha Mighty 150)

【００１６】使用したエコセメントは、都市ゴミ焼却灰
４３．３重量％、石灰石粉末５４．５重量％、アルミ灰
１．３重量％、粘土０．９重量％を原料として混合後、
ロータリーキルンを用いて約１３００℃で焼成して得た
クリンカーに石膏を５重量％添加粉砕して得たもので、
ブレーン比表面積４３００ｃｍ2／ｇである。尚、焼成
物の鉱物組成は、Ｃ11Ａ7・ＣａＣｌ2：２４．１重量
％、Ｃ3Ｓ：６８．１重量％、Ｃ2Ｓ：４．５重量％、及
びフェライト相３．３重量％を含有する。The used eco-cement was prepared by mixing 43.3% by weight of municipal waste incineration ash, 54.5% by weight of limestone powder, 1.3% by weight of aluminum ash and 0.9% by weight of clay.
5% by weight of gypsum was added to pulverized clinker obtained by firing at about 1300 ° C. using a rotary kiln.
Blaine specific surface area is 4300 cm 2 / g. The mineral composition of the calcined product was as follows: C 11 A 7 .CaCl 2 : 24.1% by weight, C 3 S: 68.1% by weight, C 2 S: 4.5% by weight, and ferrite phase 3.3% by weight. %.

【００１７】連続繊維補強材は、結合材としてエポキシ
樹脂を使用した径８ｍｍの市販の炭素繊維補強材を使用
し、長さ１ｍ×幅１ｍ、厚さ１０ｃｍの型枠内に３０ｍ
ｍのかぶり厚となるようにピッチ１０ｃｍ間隔で配設し
た。次いで、上記材料を混練して打設し、６５℃の蒸気
で一時間温湿養生をした後、脱型した。さらに室温で７
日養生して得た連続繊維補強カーテンウォールの曲げ強
度は、１１．８Ｎ／ｍｍ2であり、普通セメントを用い
たものと同等程度であるが、脱型時間の短縮により、型
枠の回転効率を上げ極めて効率的に連続繊維補強カーテ
ンウォールを製造することができた。As the continuous fiber reinforcing material, a commercially available carbon fiber reinforcing material having a diameter of 8 mm using an epoxy resin as a binder is used, and 30 m in a form frame of 1 m long × 1 m wide and 10 cm thick.
m were arranged at a pitch of 10 cm so as to have a cover thickness of m. Next, the above-mentioned materials were kneaded and poured, and after being cured with steam at 65 ° C. for 1 hour, the mold was released. 7 at room temperature
The flexural strength of the continuous fiber reinforced curtain wall obtained after curing is 11.8 N / mm 2, which is about the same as that using ordinary cement. Thus, a continuous fiber reinforced curtain wall could be produced very efficiently.

【００１８】[0018]

【発明の効果】以上説明したとおり、この発明によれ
ば、エコセメントの優れた速硬性や低収縮性を活用し、
寸法安定性の良い連続繊維補強コンクリートを、養生時
間（脱型時間）を短縮して製造することができ、かかる
エコセメントの活用を通じて廃棄物の有効利用および再
資源化の促進が図れるようになるものである。As described above, according to the present invention, the excellent quick-setting property and low shrinkage property of Ecocement are utilized,
It is possible to manufacture continuous fiber reinforced concrete with good dimensional stability while shortening the curing time (demolding time), and through the use of such ecocement, it will be possible to promote effective use of waste and promotion of recycling. Things.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 少なくとも、都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥
焼却灰の一種以上を原料として製造されたセメントを用
いてなることを特徴とする連続繊維補強コンクリート。1. A continuous fiber-reinforced concrete comprising a cement manufactured from at least one of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash. 【請求項２】 セメントが都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼
却灰の一種以上を原料としてなる焼成物であって、Ｃ11
Ａ7・ＣａＣｌ2を１０〜４０重量％およびＣ2Ｓ、Ｃ3Ｓ
の一種以上を含む焼成物と石膏からなることを特徴とす
る請求項１に記載の連続繊維補強コンクリート。2. A calcined product in which the cement is made from at least one of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash, and C 11
The A 7 · CaCl 2 10~40 wt% and C 2 S, C 3 S
The continuous fiber reinforced concrete according to claim 1, comprising a calcined product containing at least one of the following and gypsum.
JP10104042A 1998-03-31 1998-03-31 Continuous fiber reinforced concrete Pending JPH11278886A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10104042A JPH11278886A (en) 1998-03-31 1998-03-31 Continuous fiber reinforced concrete

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10104042A JPH11278886A (en) 1998-03-31 1998-03-31 Continuous fiber reinforced concrete

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11278886A true JPH11278886A (en) 1999-10-12

Family

ID=14370174

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10104042A Pending JPH11278886A (en) 1998-03-31 1998-03-31 Continuous fiber reinforced concrete

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH11278886A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108947348A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-12-07 王德清 It is a kind of to reproduce concrete using ferrochrome production waste residue

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108947348A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-12-07 王德清 It is a kind of to reproduce concrete using ferrochrome production waste residue

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