JPH11258514A - Operating microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a fine microscopic optical image and a monitor image from an image projecting optical system on the same visual field by controlling the visual field area of a microscopic vidual field in accordance with an image projection state to the microscopic vidual field. SOLUTION: A hard mirror (endoscope) 3 is used together with an operating microscope 2. A part of an observation beam passing a microscopic optical system forms its image on an image pickup element of a 1st TV camera 12. A 2nd TV camera 32 fitted to the hard mirror 3 picks up an image of the mirror 3. An endoscopic image projected to an LCD monitor 26 is formed on a liquid crystal(LC) shutter (visual field adjusting means) 8. At the time of receiving a control signal, an LC driver changes the transmission factor of the shutter 8. Namely a transmission part capable of completely transmitting the beam is formed on the upper left part of the visual field of the shutter 8. An area for forming the endoscopic image projected to the monitor 26 is arranged on the transmission part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a surgical microscope used in the medical field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, the following (1)-
The configuration shown in the document of (4) is conventionally known. (1) is JP-A-62-166310.
Here, means for displaying a captured image such as an endoscope image on a monitor at an eyepiece of a stereomicroscope is disclosed. Further, here, a technique for guiding an optical image of a stereomicroscope and a monitor image such as an endoscope image to the same eyepiece optical system is disclosed.

[0003] (2) is JP-A-63-167317. Here, means for displaying data on an eyepiece such as a stereo microscope is disclosed. Further, there is disclosed a technique of projecting a data image exit pupil outside a microscope image exit pupil by causing a light beam such as data to enter from outside a main observation light beam such as a microscope.

(3) is Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 3-105305. Here, means for projecting an optical image or an electronic image of the 2D endoscope to the eyepiece of the stereomicroscope is incorporated. Further, an optical device including means for guiding the image of the 2D endoscope to the right and left optical paths of the microscope and a member for shielding the microscope light beam is disclosed.

[0005] (4) is Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-140991. Here, means for displaying an endoscope image or a patient's biological data in or near the visual field of the microscope is disclosed. Further, here, a technique for guiding an endoscope image or the like into the field of view of a microscope with a half mirror, a technique of arranging a microscope optical path and an endoscope optical path in a parallel state, leading the eyepiece to an eyepiece, and displaying the same in the same field of view are disclosed. Have been.

[0006]

In (1), there is disclosed a technique for guiding images of a microscope optical system and a monitor optical system to the same eyepiece optical system. However, when trying to observe the image of the monitor optical system outside the optical image of the microscope optical system,
Since the field stop of the microscope is an obstacle, there is a problem that the monitor image is vignetted or the field stop of the microscope must be removed.

Here, when the field stop of the microscope is removed, the field stop is not provided in the area where the monitor image is originally projected when only the microscope image is to be observed. You will be able to see outside the circle. For this reason, it is necessary to always observe a peripheral image having inferior image quality, and there is a problem that the quality of image quality is reduced and the operator is wasted.

[0008] Regarding (3), the microscope image and the endoscope image are superimposed on the same visual field. For this reason, detailed observation of each image cannot be performed unless one of the images is shielded, so that it is difficult to perform simultaneous observation such as observing an endoscope image while orienting the endoscope within a microscope visual field.

In the technique (4) of FIG. 3 in which the optical path of the microscope and the optical path of the endoscope are guided in parallel to the eyepiece, the optical path of the endoscope is arranged outside the optical path of the microscope, and the optical path of the endoscope is There is a problem that a field stop is not formed in the optical path of the endoscope even when the endoscope observation is not required because the endoscope cannot be inserted into and removed from the microscope body. Therefore, in this case, there is a problem that the image circle of the microscope optical system is visible as in (1). Further, when observing an endoscope image, there is a demand that the monitor image be observed in a state in which the monitor image is as large and easy to see as possible. However, in this case, there is a problem that the microscope image becomes small, so that it is not very practical.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a surgical microscope capable of obtaining a good microscope optical image and a monitor image from an image projection optical system in the same field of view. It is to provide a microscope.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of a field of view of a microscope, and a field-of-view adjustment for adjusting a field area of the field of view of the microscope. The operating field microscope is characterized in that the visual field adjusting means adjusts the visual field area of the microscope visual field according to the projection state of the image on the microscope visual field.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4A and 4B. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an operation microscope system 1 of a microsurgery combined with an endoscope according to the present embodiment. The operating microscope system 1 of the present embodiment includes an operating microscope 2 and a rigid endoscope (endoscope) 3 used in combination with the operating microscope 2.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the operating microscope 2 of the present embodiment comprises an objective lens 4, a zoom optical system 5, an imaging lens 6, and an eyepiece 7, which constitute a microscope optical system. Of these, the zoom optical system 5, the imaging lens 6, and the eyepiece 7 each form a pair of left and right optical systems (only one optical system is shown in FIG. 1), and constitute a stereoscopic observation optical system. I have. Here, since the left and right optical system components have substantially the same configuration, only one optical system component will be described below.

That is, in each of the left and right optical system constituent units of the present embodiment, a liquid crystal shutter (view adjusting means) 8 for adjusting the viewing area of the microscope view at the image forming point of the imaging lens 6.
Is arranged. The liquid crystal shutter 8 is connected to a liquid crystal driver 9 as shown in FIG.

Further, between the zoom optical system 5 and the imaging lens 6 constituting the microscope optical system, an observation image is deflected in a direction of an optical axis b extending in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis a of the microscope optical system. Half mirror 10 is disposed. A second imaging lens 11 from the half mirror 10 along the optical axis b
Is arranged. A first TV camera 12 is arranged at an image forming point of the second image forming lens 11. And
The half mirror 10, the second imaging lens 11, and the TV camera 12 constitute an imaging optical system. The TV camera 12 is connected to a first CCU (camera control unit) 13.

A prism 14 for illumination light is located at a position off the optical axis a of the microscope optical system at a stage subsequent to the objective lens 4.
Are arranged. A zoom illumination optical system 15, an illumination field stop 16, a condenser lens 17, and a light guide 18 are sequentially arranged at the subsequent stage of the prism 14, and constitute an illumination optical system.

Here, the illumination field stop 16 is disposed at a position conjugate with the illumination field surface of the illumination optical system. Further, an interlock mechanism (not shown) is provided between the zoom optical system 5 and the zoom illumination optical system 15. The illumination light incident end of the light guide 18 is connected to a light source device (not shown).

A half mirror 19 is provided between the condenser lens 17 and the light guide 18 of the illumination optical system. The half mirror 19 is attached to a rotation shaft of a first rotary solenoid 20. The rotary solenoid 20 is connected to a first solenoid drive circuit 21.

The half mirror 19 is supported so as to be freely inserted into and removed from the optical path of the illumination optical system with the rotation of the first rotary solenoid 20. Here, when the rotary solenoid 20 is OFF, the half mirror 19 is
It is held at a standby position deviated from the illumination optical system as shown by a dotted line therein. Then, the rotary solenoid 20 is turned on.
In this case, the half mirror 19 is rotated to the set position inserted in the optical path of the illumination optical system as shown by a solid line in FIG. At this time, the half mirror 19 is
Is arranged so as to deflect a part of the light beam from the optical axis in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis c of the illumination optical system.

Further, on the optical path d deflected by the half mirror 19, a second condenser lens 22, a pair of mirrors 23 and 24, and a light diffusion plate 25 are sequentially arranged. And
The light guided on the optical path d constitutes a backlight of the LCD monitor 26 described later.

An LCD monitor 26 is provided adjacent to the diffusion direction of the light diffusion plate 25. The LCD monitor 26 is connected to an image selector (not shown) via an LCD driver (not shown). And this LC
The D monitor 26 can display the following various images. For example, endoscopic images, preoperative or intraoperative diagnostic images (MRI images, CT images, X-ray images, fluorescence observation images, etc.), navigation images, computer screens, patient biological data (blood flow, respiratory rate, pulse rate, Body temperature, etc.), a timing screen, and the like. Further, the LCD monitor 26
In the subsequent stage, the imaging lens 27, the mirror 28, the prism 29
Are sequentially arranged, and an image projection optical system L for projecting an image on a part in the field of view of the microscope is formed.

The prism 29 is attached to a rotating shaft of a second rotary solenoid (optical path switching means) 30. The prism 29 is provided with the optical path a of the stereoscopic observation optical system with the rotation of the rotary solenoid 30.
It is supported so that it can be inserted and removed. That is, when the rotary solenoid 30 is off, the prism 29
It is held at a standby position deviated from the stereoscopic observation optical system as indicated by a dotted line therein. When the rotary solenoid 30 is ON, the prism 29 is rotated to a set position inserted in a part of the optical path a of the stereoscopic observation optical system as shown by a solid line in FIG. . At this time, the prism 29 is arranged so that the image on the LCD monitor 26 is formed on the substantially same plane as the image forming position of the stereoscopic observation optical system.

The entire surface of the prism 29 excluding the entrance surface and the exit surface is painted black. Further, the second rotary solenoid 30 is connected to a second solenoid drive circuit 31.

Further, the rigid endoscope 3 is inserted into the operation site while the operating microscope 2 is in use, and is used for observation with the endoscope using the operating microscope 2. At the time of using the rigid endoscope 3, a second TV camera 32 is attached to the end of the rigid endoscope 3 on the hand side. This TV camera 32 is connected to a second CCU 33. Further, the CCU 33 of the second TV camera 32
In addition, the CCU 13 for the first TV camera 12 constituting the imaging optical system of the microscope 2 is connected to a video mixer 34. The video mixer 34 has a VTR 35 and a TV.
Monitors 36 are respectively connected.

Further, a controller (aperture shape deforming means) 37 is built in a microscope stand (not shown). This controller 37 has a focus switch (not shown),
An input means 38 having a zoom switch (not shown), an observation mode changeover switch (not shown), a first solenoid drive circuit 21, a second solenoid drive circuit 31, a liquid crystal driver 9, and a video mixer 34 are respectively connected.

A luminance sensor 3 is provided between the half mirror 10 and the second imaging lens 11 of the image pickup optical system of the microscope 2.
9 are installed. The luminance sensor 39 is connected to the controller 37. Then, the controller 37 operates the second rotary in accordance with an operation of an observation mode changeover switch (not shown) of the input means 38, for example, a changeover operation such as a case of switching from a single use state of the microscope 2 to a combined use state of the microscope 2 and the rigid endoscope 3. The shape of the liquid crystal shutter 8 is deformed in conjunction with the operation of the solenoid 30.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
When using the surgical microscope system 1 according to the present embodiment, the surgeon moves a microscope base (not shown) and arranges the microscope optical system of the surgical microscope 2 above the surgical site to observe the surgical site.

At the time of observing the operative site, observation light emitted from a light source device (not shown) is incident on the light guide 18. Here, the first rotary solenoid 20 is OF
In the case of F, the half mirror 19 is held at a standby position outside the illumination optical system as shown by a dotted line in FIG.
Therefore, all of the observation light incident from the light guide 18 is condensed by the condenser lens 17, and is irradiated to the operation site via the illumination field stop 16, the zoom illumination optical system 15, the prism 14, and the objective lens 4. . In this state, the observation light having the shape by the illumination field stop 16 is guided to the operation part by the zoom illumination optical system 15 with an appropriate size corresponding to the zoom optical system 5 constituting the stereoscopic observation optical system.

The observation light reflected by the operation part enters the objective lens 4 and is guided to the operator's eye via the zoom optical system 5, the imaging lens 6, the liquid crystal shutter 8, and the eyepiece 7, and Can be magnified. At this time, the liquid crystal shutter 8 has a shape shown in FIG. That is, the liquid crystal shutter 8 is formed with a circular transmitting portion 41 that completely transmits light, and a light shielding portion 42 disposed outside the transmitting portion 41. Here, the light shielding section 42 completely blocks light. Further, the inner diameter of the circular transmitting portion 41 is determined by the image circle 40 (FIG. 3) on the image plane formed by the microscope optical system.
(Shown by a dotted line in (A)). Then, this liquid crystal shutter 8 is
The light is completely blocked by the light-shielding portion 42 on the outside of the optical system, thereby serving as a field stop of the stereoscopic observation optical system. For this reason, the surgeon can obtain a sharp microscope observation image up to the periphery.

During the magnified observation of the operation part, a part of the light beam of the observation light passing through the microscope optical system is deflected by the half mirror 10 in the direction of the optical axis b extending in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis a of the microscope optical system. Is done. The light beam deflected here forms an image on an image sensor (not shown) of the first TV camera 12 via the second imaging lens 11. Further, the microscope observation image formed on the image sensor is converted into an electric signal, and then converted into a first signal.
Is sent to the CCU 13.

The CCU 13 converts the transmitted electric signal into a standardized video signal,
Output to In this state, since the rigid endoscope 3 is not used, only the microscope observation image is output from the video mixer 34 to the TV monitor 36 and the VTR 35. Therefore, the nurse or the like can observe the state of the surgical site by viewing the microscope observation image P displayed on the screen of the TV monitor 36 shown in FIG. In addition, the state of the operation site (microscope observation image P) can be recorded by the VTR 35 as necessary.

Next, when using the endoscope together, for example, when observing the blind spot of the microscope 2, the surgeon first holds the rigid endoscope 3 mounted on an endoscope holder (not shown) in his hand. Insert into the surgical site. At this time, the second
TV camera 32 captures an image of the rigid endoscope 3 and uses the second C
The video signal is output to the video mixer 34 via the CU 33.

At the time of inserting the rigid endoscope 3, the surgeon carefully inserts the rigid endoscope 3 while observing the microscope image so as not to damage the surrounding tissue. Then, after guiding the rigid endoscope 3 to a desired observation position while viewing the microscope image, when an observation mode changeover switch (not shown) provided on the input means 38 is operated, the controller 37 receiving this signal
Denotes a first solenoid drive circuit 21, a second solenoid drive circuit 31, a liquid crystal driver 9, and a video mixer 3.
4 to output a drive signal.

When the first solenoid drive circuit 21 and the second solenoid drive circuit 31 receive the drive signal, they supply drive power to the first rotary solenoid 20 and the second rotary solenoid 30, respectively. The first rotary solenoid 20 and the second rotary solenoid 30 are turned on.

Further, the first rotary solenoid 20
Is turned on, the half mirror 19 is inserted into the optical path of the illumination optical system, and a part of the illumination light is deflected toward the condenser lens 22. The deflected illumination light is condensed by the condenser lens 22 and guided to the light diffusion plate 25 via the mirrors 23 and 24. The illumination light beam incident on the light diffusion plate 25 is irregularly reflected. The light diffusely reflected by the light diffusion plate 25 is L
It functions as a backlight of the CD monitor 26.

An arbitrary image selected by an image selector (not shown) can be projected on the LCD monitor 26.
Here, an endoscope image is projected by a selector function (not shown).

The second rotary solenoid 30 is turned on simultaneously with the first rotary solenoid 20. At the time of the ON operation of the second rotary solenoid 30,
The prism 29 is inserted into a part of the light beam of the stereoscopic observation optical system. Therefore, the endoscope image projected on the LCD monitor 26 is converted by the imaging lens 27 into the mirror 28 and the prism 29.
The image is formed on the liquid crystal shutter 8 through. At this time, since the prism 29 is painted black, the portion of the light beam of the stereoscopic observation optical system that is vignetted by the prism 29 is absorbed by the main prism 29 and does not reach the liquid crystal shutter 8. The light flux of the stereoscopic observation optical system is also formed on the liquid crystal shutter 8 on the substantially same plane as the position where the endoscope image is formed.

The liquid crystal driver 9 is connected to the controller 3.
When the control signal is received from the LCD 7, the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter 8 is changed as shown in FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, the transmission portion 43 through which the light flux is completely transmitted is formed at the upper left of the field of view of the liquid crystal shutter 8. An area where the endoscope image projected on the LCD monitor 26 is formed in the transmission section 43.

Further, of the circular area slightly smaller than the image circle 40 (shown by a dotted line in FIG. 3B) formed by the stereoscopic observation optical system, the circular area other than the transmission section 43 which is the image forming area of the LCD monitor 26 is formed. Is formed with a dimming portion 44 which is dimmed at a predetermined ratio. Further, a light-shielding portion 45 that is completely shielded from light is formed in a portion of the liquid crystal shutter 8 other than the transmission portion 43 and the light-reducing portion 44.

The dimming ratio of the dimming section 44 is determined as follows. That is, during the microscope observation, the illuminance of the observation light beam is detected by the luminance sensor 39 between the half mirror 10 and the second imaging lens 11 constituting the imaging optical system. The detection data from the luminance sensor 39 is input to the controller 37. The controller 37 calculates the illuminance data of the luminance sensor 39, and outputs a control signal to the liquid crystal driver 9 so that the illuminance of the microscope image and the monitor image is optimal for the operator.

Thus, the operator can simultaneously observe the microscope image formed on the liquid crystal shutter 8 and the LCD monitor image (observed image of the rigid endoscope 3) through the eyepiece 7 at an optimal light amount ratio. it can.

When the microscope 2 and the rigid endoscope 3 are used together, the video mixer 34 receives the microscope image picked up by the first TV camera 12 and the endoscope image picked up by the second TV camera 32. Is done. In this state, the video mixer 3
4 receives a control signal from the controller 37,
The image mode output to the V monitor 36 and the VTR 35 is switched as follows. That is, when the microscope 2 is used alone, it is held in the image mode for full-screen display in which only the microscope image is output on the display screen of the TV monitor 36 as shown in FIG. When the microscope 2 and the rigid endoscope 3 are used together, as shown in FIG. 4B, a main screen 46 having a large display area is displayed on the display screen of the TV monitor 36, and a small screen 47 having a smaller display area than the main screen 46. Is switched to the image mode for displaying the parent-child screen in which is formed. Here, the screen in the same state as the state in which the operator is visually observing, that is, the main screen 4
6, a sub-screen 47 is arranged at the upper left position of the field of view of the main screen 46, and an endoscope image is set to be displayed here. The video signal of the image of the parent-child screen of the TV monitor 36 is also sent to the VTR 35, and the video is recorded.

Therefore, the above configuration has the following effects. That is, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal shutter 8 is linked to the operation of the second rotary solenoid 30.
Is provided, and the field stop of the image projection optical system L can be changed by the liquid crystal shutter 8 as follows. That is, the shape of the liquid crystal shutter 8 is changed to the shape shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2A, a circular field stop having a circular transmitting portion 41 and a light shielding portion 42 surrounding the circular portion allows a circular visual field to be obtained, and a liquid crystal is used when the microscope 2 and the rigid mirror 3 are used together. Fig. 3 (B) shows the shape of the field stop of the shutter 8.
(1), the image on the LCD monitor 26 and the image observed by the microscope can be displayed simultaneously. Therefore, a field of view that is not restricted by the normal image circle 40 can be obtained, so that not only the degree of freedom of the image formation position of the image on the LCD monitor 26 is increased, but also the LCD By shifting the imaging position of the monitor 26 to the outside with respect to the microscope field of view, it is possible to minimize the vignetting of the microscope observation image at the same time as the endoscope observation and obtain a good field of view. In addition, a high-quality optical image that is not different from a normal microscope image can be obtained during microscopic observation.

Further, in the present embodiment, the LCD monitor 2
Since the illumination light of the light source for the microscope is used as the backlight of No. 6, there is no need to prepare a new light source for the backlight equipped with an inverter or the like, and the heat generation of the lens barrel can be suppressed.

Further, when observing an image on the LCD monitor 26 such as an endoscope, the amount of illumination required for ordinary microscope observation is not necessary since the operation is only required to perform orientation of the endoscope. However, since the surplus light amount at this time can be diverted to backlight illumination, the illumination efficiency is high.

Further, if the difference between the brightness of the microscope observation image and the brightness of the endoscope observation image by the LCD monitor 26 is large, the observation becomes difficult. According to the present embodiment, the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter 8 is reduced. By automatically changing the brightness in accordance with the brightness, both images can always be observed with the optimal brightness, and the operation can be performed efficiently.

Further, in the present embodiment, when simultaneously observing an endoscopic image, the image on the TV monitor 36 and the image on the VTR 35 can simultaneously obtain the same field of view as the operator, which is useful for education of students and the like. In addition to this, the efficiency of assistance by assistants and nurses is greatly increased, which has a great effect of shortening the operation time and reducing the burden on the operator and the patient.

In the present embodiment, only an example in which the microscope image is dimmed has been described on the assumption that the microscope image is generally brighter than the LCD monitor image. When observing a relatively dark image such as a reflex image, this relationship may be reversed. In that case, it is possible to cope by changing the relationship between the dimming unit 44 and the transmitting unit 54.

In this embodiment, the liquid crystal shutter 8 which is used in common with a field stop is used at the image forming position of both images to control the brightness of each observation image of the microscope 2 and the rigid endoscope 3.
A member for controlling brightness may be provided independently without being shared with the field stop. For example, a liquid crystal shutter or a detachable ND filter may be provided in the afocal light beam portion of the optical image of the microscope.

According to this, since the dot of the brightness control member is not enlarged by the eyepiece 7, there is an advantage that even if a liquid crystal shutter with a little coarse dot is used, there is no problem and the configuration can be made inexpensively. Further, when an ND filter is used, a liquid crystal driver is not required, so that the cost is lower and the reliability is higher.

In this embodiment, the screen of the liquid crystal display is inserted into and removed from a part of the image observed by the microscope.
The present invention is not limited to this. That is, the movable prism 29 may be used as the fixed mirror 100 as shown in FIG. Further, the LCD monitor 26 may be another display means, for example, a CRT display 101. In the configuration shown in FIG. 10, when the image observation is not performed, the liquid crystal shutter 8 is controlled as shown in FIG. 11A, and only the microscope optical image can be observed. That is, the liquid crystal shutter 8 is provided with
2 and a light-transmitting portion 103 slightly smaller than the microscope image circle 104 are controlled. On the other hand, when the image observation is also used, the liquid crystal shutter 8 is controlled as shown in FIG. 11B, and the image can be observed through the second light transmitting unit 105 in addition to the microscope optical image. That is, CR
The speed of light emerging from the T display 101 is
7, the mirror 28, the mirror 100, and the second light transmitting portion 105 of the liquid crystal shutter 8, the light is guided to the eyepiece 7, and observed at the upper left of the microscope observation image. Reference numeral 106 denotes a light-shielding portion when image observation is also used.

Therefore, according to the configuration as shown in FIG. 10, since the prism insertion / removal mechanism can be omitted, the size and weight can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

FIGS. 5 to 9A and 9B show a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the surgical microscope system 1 of the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1 to 4A and 4B) is changed as follows. In FIGS. 5 to 9A and 9B, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof is omitted. .

That is, in the present embodiment, one objective lens 4 is provided on the lower surface of the mirror 51 of the operating microscope 2, and a pair of right and left eyepieces 7 (for the right eye and the left eye) are provided on the upper surface of the mirror 51. It is arranged. Further, between the objective lens 4 and the pair of left and right eyepieces 7, left and right observation optical systems 52L and 52R constituting a stereoscopic observation optical system are provided. In the description of the present embodiment, a pair of left and right observation optical systems 5 constituting a stereoscopic observation optical system of the surgical microscope 2 will be described.
As for the components 2L and 52R, only the components on one side (the observation optical system 52L for the left eye) will be described unless otherwise required.

Here, a zoom optical system 5, a prism 53, and an imaging lens 6 are sequentially arranged in the observation optical system 52L for the left eye. The left and right observation optical systems 52L, 52R
The prism 53 is mounted so as to be rotatable around axes a ₁ and a ₂ which are on the extension of the center of each optical axis of the zoom optical system 5.

Further, a first luminance sensor 54 described later is arranged between the prism 53 and the imaging lens 6. Further, a first lens is provided between the imaging lens 6 and the eyepiece 7.
Field stop 55 and a second field stop 56 are provided. Here, the first field stop 55 is fixed to the imaging plane of the imaging lens 6. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the first field stop 55 is formed in a shape that secures the field of view of the light beam of the stereoscopic observation optical system and the light beam from the LCD monitor 26 described later.

One end of the second field stop 56 is attached to a shaft of a first rotary solenoid 57.
The second field stop 56 is rotatably driven by a rotary solenoid 57. Here, the second field stop 56 is a rotary solenoid 57.
Is OFF at the set position shown by the dashed line in FIG. 7, and when ON is turned to the retreat position shown by the solid line in FIG. Note that the first field stop 55 and the second field stop 56 are arranged on substantially the same plane.

Also, in the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the LCD monitor 26, the imaging lens 27, the mirror 2
8, a monitor observation optical system including a prism 29 is provided. Here, the prism 29 is attached to the rotation axis of the second rotary solenoid 30.
Further, the prism 29 can be freely inserted into and removed from the optical path of the stereoscopic observation optical system with the rotation of the second rotary solenoid 30, similarly to the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, the LCD monitor 26
Backlight 58 for the axes a ₁ and a in the stereoscopic optical system.
It is located on a plane perpendicular to ₂ . This backlight 58
In the upper part, two prisms 59 (for the left eye and for the right eye) are provided. Here, one end of each prism 59 has an axis a
Is rotatably supported in _1, mainly a _2. Further, the other end of each prism 59 is disposed at a position facing and separate from the lower surface of the LCD monitor 26. The second luminance sensor 6 is provided between the LCD monitor 26 and the imaging lens 27.
0 is attached.

The prism 53 and the prism 59 are linked by a link mechanism (not shown). The LCD monitor 26, the second brightness sensor 60, the imaging lens 27, the mirror 28, the prism 2
9. The second rotary solenoid 30 includes a prism 59
And is driven in conjunction with the prism 59.

A beam splitter 6 is provided between the left and right zoom optical systems 5 and the prism 53 of the stereoscopic observation optical system.
1 is inserted. The beam splitter 61 is arranged to deflect a part of the light beam of the stereoscopic observation optical system in the vertical direction of the light beam. Here, the second imaging lens 11 is disposed on any one optical axis of the deflected right and left light beams, as in the first embodiment.

Further, a first TV camera 12 is arranged on an image forming surface of the second image forming lens 11. This T
The V camera 12 is connected to the first CCU 13 as shown in FIG. Further, the CCU 13 is connected to a video mixer 34 as in the first embodiment.

Further, the illumination optical system of the present embodiment is provided with a lamp 62 built in the mirror body 51 of the operating microscope 2. Further, a prism 14 for illumination light is provided at a position off the optical axes a ₁ and a ₂ of the microscope optical system in the stage subsequent to the objective lens 4 as in the first embodiment.
A zoom illumination optical system 15 is disposed downstream of the prism 14.

The LCD shutter 6 is located at a position conjugate with the illumination field where the illumination field stop 16 was arranged in the first embodiment.
3 are provided. This LCD shutter 63 is shown in FIG.
It is possible to switch between a first state shown in FIG. 9A and a second state shown in FIG. That is, FIG.
In the first state shown in (A), a circular light transmitting portion 63a and a light shielding portion 63b provided around the light transmitting portion 63a are formed. Further, the LCD shutter 6
When 3 is switched to the second state shown in FIG. 9B, the dimming portion 63c of any position and size is formed in the circular light transmitting portion 63a in the first state. Has become.

The condenser lens 17 is provided between the LCD shutter 63 and the lamp 62. In the illumination optical system according to the present embodiment, a zoom illumination optical system 15, an LCD shutter 63, a condenser lens 17, and a lamp 62 are sequentially arranged downstream of the prism 14. It is to be noted that the zoom illumination optical system 15 is linked with the zoom optical system 5 of the stereoscopic observation optical system by a linkage mechanism (not shown) as in the first embodiment.

The LCD shutter 63 is connected to an LCD driver 64. The LCD driver 64 is connected to a work station 65 for navigation.

Further, magnification detecting means 66 is provided in the left and right zoom optical systems 5 of the stereoscopic observation optical system. The magnification detecting means 66 is connected to the workstation 65.

The workstation 65 is connected to a navigation imaging unit 67 and a controller 68. Further, the controller 68 has a first
Brightness sensor 54, second brightness sensor 60, input means 3
8, a video mixer 34, respectively.

The backlight 58 is connected to a backlight power supply 69 having a built-in dimming circuit. further,
The second rotary solenoid 30 is connected to the second solenoid drive circuit 31 and the first rotary solenoid 57 is connected to the first
, Respectively.
The backlight power supply 69, the second solenoid drive circuit 31, and the first solenoid drive circuit 70 are connected to the controller 68, respectively. The lamp 62 is connected to a dimming circuit 71. The dimming circuit 71 is connected to the controller 68.

The rigid endoscope 3, the second TV camera 32,
The configuration of the second CCU 33 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the second CCU 33 is connected to the video mixer 34. Further, a VTR 35 and a TV monitor 36 are connected to the video mixer 34 as in the first embodiment.

In the present embodiment, a rigid mirror navigation marker 72 is attached to the rigid endoscope 3, and a microscope navigation marker 73 is attached to the mirror body 51 of the microscope 2.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described. Surgical microscope system 1 of the present embodiment
When using, the surgeon moves the microscope stand (not shown)
The microscope optical system of the operating microscope 2 is arranged above the operation site to observe the operation site.

When observing the surgical site, the illumination light emitted from the lamp 62 is condensed by the condenser lens 17 and
Shutter 63, zoom illumination optical system 15, prism 14,
The operative site is irradiated sequentially through the objective lens 4.

At this time, the LCD shutter 63 is held by the LCD driver 64 in the first state shown in FIG. That is, in this first state, the observation light transmitted through the light transmitting part 63a of the LCD shutter 63 is irradiated on the operation part, and the observation light incident on the light shielding part 63b is shielded. Since the LCD shutter 63 is arranged at a position conjugate to the illumination field surface, the shape (circular in this embodiment) of the light transmitting portion 63a is projected on the illumination field surface. Therefore, the LCD shutter 63 plays the role of an illumination field stop. Other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

The observation light reflected by the operative part enters the objective lens 4, and has a zoom optical system 5 and a beam splitter 6.
1, prism 53, imaging lens 6, first field stop 5
5. The eye is guided to the surgeon's eye via the second field stop 56 and the eyepiece 7, and the magnified observation of the operative part is enabled. At this time, since the first rotary solenoid 57 is held in the OFF state, the second field stop 56 is at the position shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. Therefore, the first field stop 55 and the second
Since the field stop formed by the field stop 56 is slightly smaller in diameter than the image circle 40 formed by the stereoscopic observation optical system, the surgeon can obtain a sharp microscope observation image up to the periphery.

A part of the light beam deflected by the beam splitter 61 enters the first TV camera 12 via the second imaging lens 11. Then, it is converted into an electric signal by an image sensor (not shown) and sent to the first CCU 13. The CCU 13 converts the transmitted electric signal into a standardized video signal and outputs it to the video mixer 34.

In this state, since the endoscope is not used, the video mixer 34 outputs only the microscope observation image to the TV monitor 36 as in the first embodiment. Therefore,
Nurses and the like can observe the state of the surgical site by viewing the display screen of the TV monitor 36.

At this time, the navigation image pickup section 67 picks up an image of the marker 73 attached to the mirror body 51 of the microscope 2 using three image pickup devices (not shown), and sends the data to the work station 65. Further, the workstation 65 calculates the position of the mirror body 51 of the microscope 2 and the observation position of the microscope 2 based on the transmitted data. The calculation result is displayed on a monitor (not shown) or the like, and the operator can specify the current treatment site on an image such as a preoperative diagnostic image.

Next, when using the endoscope together, for example, when observing the blind spot of the microscope 2, the surgeon first holds the rigid endoscope 3 attached to an endoscope holder (not shown) in his hand. Insert into the surgical site.

Further, during the insertion operation of the rigid endoscope 3, the second TV camera 32 attached to the rigid endoscope 3 captures an image observed by the rigid endoscope 3, and sends the image to the video mixer 34 via the second CCU 33. Output a signal. At this time, the surgeon carefully inserts the rigid endoscope 3 while observing the microscope image so as not to damage the surrounding tissue.

Further, during the insertion operation of the rigid endoscope 3, the navigation image pickup section 67 picks up an image of the marker 72 attached to the rigid endoscope 3 by three image pickup devices (not shown), and sends the data to the work station 65. At this time,
The marker 73 for the microscope is simultaneously imaged by the imaging unit 67 for navigation. Then, the data of the microscope marker 73 is also sent to the workstation 65 at the same time.

At the workstation 65, based on the data of the marker 73 for the microscope and the data of the marker 72 of the rigid endoscope 3, the mirror 51 of the microscope 2 is sent.
, The observation position of the microscope 2, the tip position of the rigid endoscope 3, and the observation position of the rigid endoscope 3 are calculated. When detecting that the observation position of the rigid endoscope 3 has entered the observation position of the microscope 2, the workstation 65 outputs a control signal to the LCD driver 64. At this time, the LCD driver 6
4 receives the control signal and sets the LCD shutter 63 to the state shown in FIG.
Control is performed so as to switch from the first state shown in FIG. 9A to the second state shown in FIG. That is, the light reduction portion 63c is formed in a part of the light transmission portion 63a of the LCD shutter 63. The size and position of the dimming unit 63 c are variable depending on the size and position of the observation unit of the rigid endoscope 3 with respect to the observation field of the microscope 2, and are controlled by a control signal from the workstation 65.

The work station 65 determines the observation position of the rigid mirror 3 and the position of the LCD shutter 63 forming the illumination field diaphragm from the detected observation position data of the microscope 2 and the data of the observation position of the rigid endoscope 3. Is calculated, that is, the observation position of the rigid endoscope 3 and the position of the LCD shutter 63 corresponding to each other, and the data of the observation position of the rigid endoscope 3 on the LCD shutter 63 is continuously instructed to the LCD driver 64. I do. Here, regarding the size, the workstation 65 receives the data from the magnification detecting means 66 provided in the zoom optical system 5, calculates the ratio of the endoscope observation unit to the microscope observation range, and
Give instructions continuously. Thus, as shown in FIG. 8B, the observation section E of the rigid endoscope 3 is always in a state where the illumination light of the microscope is dimmed.

After guiding the rigid endoscope 3 to a desired observation position while observing the microscope image, when an observation mode changeover switch (not shown) provided on the input means 38 is operated, the controller 68 receiving this signal causes the video mixer to receive the signal. 34,
Backlight power supply 69, second solenoid drive circuit 3
1 and a drive signal to the first solenoid drive circuit 70.

At this time, upon receiving the signal from the controller 68, the video mixer 34 switches the display screen of the TV monitor 36 to the image mode for displaying the parent-child screen, as in the first embodiment. 8A and 8B, a microscope image is displayed on a main screen 46 having a large display area, and a sub-screen 47 is arranged at the upper left position of the field of view of the main screen 46. The endoscope image is displayed.

When the backlight power supply 69 receives a drive signal from the controller 68, the backlight 5
8 is supplied with power. As a result, the backlight 58 is turned on. Further, when the backlight 58 is turned on, the light beam emitted from the backlight 58 is applied to the LCD monitor 26 via the prism 59.

At the same time, when the second solenoid drive circuit 31 and the first solenoid drive circuit 70 receive the drive signal, they supply drive power to the second rotary solenoid 30 and the first rotary solenoid 57, respectively. , The second rotary solenoid 30 and the first rotary solenoid 57 are turned on.

Here, the second rotary solenoid 3
When 0 is turned on, the prism 29 is driven to rotate from a dotted line position to a solid line position in FIG. 5, as in the first embodiment.
As a result, the image of the LCD monitor 26 illuminated by the backlight 58 passes through the imaging lens 27, the mirror 28, and the prism 29, and is LC
An image is formed at the D imaging position 74. The LCD monitor 26
Can display various images in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but in the present embodiment, an endoscope image observed by the rigid endoscope 3 is selected and displayed by an image selector (not shown). .

Further, since the prism 29 is painted black as in the first embodiment, a portion of the light beam of the stereoscopic observation optical system which is vignetted by the prism 29 is formed by an image forming device provided with a field stop. Does not reach the position.

When the rotary solenoid 57 is turned on, the second field stop 56 attached to the shaft moves to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. That is, the shape of the field stop changes so as to transmit not only the inside of the image circle 40 of the microscope image but also the LCD image forming position 74.

At this time, the controller 68 determines the brightness of the microscope optical image based on the detection signal from the first luminance sensor 54 and the L level based on the detection signal from the second luminance sensor 60.
The brightness of the image on the CD monitor 26 is detected, and the dimming circuit 71 and the backlight power
9 to output a dimming signal. However, the optical image of the microscope 2 and L
Since the difference in brightness from the image on the CD monitor 26 varies depending on the case, the type of image to be projected, the preference of the operator, and the like, it can be appropriately adjusted by a setting unit (not shown) provided in the controller 68. It may be.

[0092] In addition, the operator center by adjusting the eye-width adjusting section (not shown) in adjusting the interpupillary distance between the eyepiece 7 of the right and left of the microscope 2, the prism 53 of the one end side shaft a _l, a a ₂ To rotate. At this time, the brightness sensor 54, the imaging lens 6, the first field stop 55, the second field stop 56, the first rotary solenoid 57, and the eyepiece 7 are provided on the other end side (rotation end side) of the prism 53. Are rotated together with the rotation of the prism 53 by the adjustment of the interpupillary distance, thereby enabling observation.

Further, since the prism 59 also rotates about the axes a ₁ and a ₂ at one end of the prism 59 in conjunction with the prism 53, the LCD monitor attached to the other end of the prism 59 26, the brightness sensor 60, the imaging lens 27, the mirror 28, the prism 29, and the second rotary solenoid 30 also move in accordance with the movement of the prism 59. Therefore, observation on the LCD monitor 26 is also possible.

Therefore, by these actions, the operator can obtain a microscope optical image and an LCD through the eyepiece 7 with an appropriate interpupillary distance.
The endoscope image projected on the monitor 26 can be observed at the same time with an optimal light amount ratio.

Therefore, the present embodiment has the following effects. That is, in the present embodiment, the first field stop 55 and the second field stop 56 are independently provided, and the second field stop 56 can be inserted into and removed from the first field stop 55. is there. In this case, a circular visual field can be obtained by a circular field stop at the time of normal observation with the microscope 2. When the image of the rigid endoscope 3 and the observation of the microscope 2 by the LCD monitor 26 are used together, the second visual field stop 56 can be retracted to obtain a visual field that is not restricted by the normal image circle 40. Therefore, the LCD monitor 26
This has the effect of increasing the degree of freedom in the imaging position of the image.

Further, in view of the performance of the eyepiece 7, the image forming point of the LCD monitor 26 is set as small as possible within the allowable range.
Is shifted outward with respect to the field of view, it is possible to minimize the vignetting of the observation image of the microscope 2 at the same time as the endoscope observation as in the first embodiment, and obtain a good field of view. it can. In addition, since the structure is simple, it can be realized at low cost.

In this embodiment, the luminance of the optical image of the microscope 2 and the luminance of the image of the LCD monitor 26 are measured by the first luminance sensor 5.
4 and the second luminance sensor 60, respectively, and the brightness of the lamp 62 and the backlight 58 is adjusted to the optimal light intensity ratio, so that any observation image can always be observed with the optimal light intensity. That is, in an operation such as a neurosurgery operation, the optical image of the microscope 2 is often observed in a very bright state, but the image on the LCD monitor 26 becomes darker than the image of the microscope 2 and becomes difficult to see. Then, the light amount of the microscope 2 is slightly reduced, and the LCD monitor 26
Can be easily observed.

On the other hand, when observing a red reflex image or the like in an ophthalmologic operation or the like, the backlight 58 is used to prevent the LCD monitor image 26 from becoming too bright and making the optical image of the microscope 2 difficult to see. By lowering the luminance of both images, both images can be easily observed. Further, even when the backlight 58 or the lamp 62 is deteriorated and the light amount of either of them is reduced, an optimum light amount ratio can always be obtained.

In the present embodiment, the backlight light supplied from one backlight 58 is supplied to the left and right LCD monitors 2 by the left and right prisms 59.
6 is divided and supplied, so that only one circuit for turning on the backlight 58 is required, and it is inexpensive. Since there is no need to move the backlight 58 by rotating in conjunction with, the degree of freedom of observation is high,
Deterioration of wiring due to movement can also be prevented.

Further, in the present embodiment, the observation position of the rigid endoscope 3 is detected by the navigation system, and a dimming section 75 for dimming the illumination light of the microscope 2 at that position is formed. It is possible to prevent the lighted portion of the microscope 2 from being further illuminated by the light source of the microscope 2. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the amount of light of the endoscope TV image from being excessive.

Even when a halogen light source is used as the light source on the rigid endoscope 3 side and a xenon light source is used as the light source on the microscope 3 side, the illumination light of the xenon light source does not reach the endoscope observation site. If a white balance is taken by the mirror 3 alone, the endoscope observation with the hard mirror 3 is always possible with a good color balance.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (A), the position of the tip of the rigid endoscope 3 is detected by the navigation system, and a dimming section 75 for dimming the illumination light of the microscope 2 is provided at that position.
Is formed, even if the tip of the rigid endoscope 3 is out of the blind spot of the microscope 2, the amount of illumination light incident on the endoscope 3 can be reduced, and halation can be prevented. An endoscopic image is obtained.

In the present embodiment, the dimming portion 75 is formed in which the light quantity at the observation position or the tip position of the rigid endoscope 3 is reduced, but the same result can be obtained even if the light quantity at this portion is completely shielded. That is clear.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Next, other characteristic technical matters of the present application will be additionally described as follows.

(Appendix 1) An image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of the microscope field of view, and a switching means for inserting and removing an image from the image projection optical system into the microscope field of view, A surgical microscope having a visual field adjusting means for adjusting a visual field area of a microscope visual field, wherein a diaphragm shape deforming means for deforming the shape of the visual field adjusting means in conjunction with the operation of the switching means is provided. Surgical microscope.

(Supplementary Item 1-1) In an operation microscope provided with an image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part in a microscope field of view and switching means for switching an observation state in the microscope field of view, An operating microscope comprising a field stop shape deforming means for changing a shape of a field stop in conjunction with an operation of a switching means.

(Additional Item 2) The surgical microscope according to additional item 1 or additional item 1-1, wherein the field stop is constituted by a liquid crystal shutter. (Additional Item 3) The shape of the field stop has at least a shape transmitting only the microscope optical image and a shape transmitting both the microscope optical image and the image projection optical system. The surgical microscope according to Additional Item 1-1 or Additional Item 2.

(Additional Item 4) A plurality of displays built in the microscope body and variably provided in a relative position, an image projection optical system for projecting an image of the display in a microscope field of view, and a plurality of displays. In a surgical microscope having a single illuminating means for supplying a light beam and a light guiding means for supplying a light beam from the illuminating means to each display, the plurality of displays are arranged substantially symmetrically with the illuminating means. An operating microscope, wherein the light guide means is interlocked with the display.

(Appendix 5) A display built in the microscope body, an image projection optical system for projecting an image of the display in the microscope field of view, and an observation state of the image of the display in the microscope field of view are switched. Switching means, an operating microscope including an illumination optical system for illuminating a microscope field of view, wherein an optical path deflecting member for deflecting a part of the light beam to a part of the illumination optical system; and Light guiding means for guiding to the display,
An operating microscope comprising a mechanism for inserting and removing the optical path deflecting member from an optical path of the illumination optical system.

(Additional Item 6) The surgical microscope according to additional item 5, wherein the insertion and removal of the optical path deflecting member from the optical path of the illumination optical system is interlocked with the switching means. (Additional Item 7) In an operating microscope having an image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of a microscope visual field, a detecting means for detecting brightness of at least one of a microscope optical image and an image projected on the microscope visual field; A surgical microscope provided with control means for controlling at least one of the brightness of the microscope optical image and the image projected in the microscope field of view based on the detection result.

(Additional Item 8) The surgical microscope according to additional item 7, wherein the control means is a neutral density filter that can be inserted into and removed from the optical path of the microscope. (Additional Item 9) The surgical microscope according to Additional Item 7, wherein the control means is a dimming mechanism of a lamp for illuminating the microscope. (Additional Item 10) The surgical microscope according to additional item 7, wherein the control means is an image brightness adjusting means.

(Additional Item 11) The surgical microscope according to additional item 7, wherein the control means is a liquid crystal shutter provided in a microscope optical path. (Supplementary Item 12) An image projection optical system that projects an image onto a part of the microscope field of view, a switching unit that switches an image observation state within the microscope field of view, and a photographing mechanism that captures the microscope optical image and converts it into a video signal. A surgical microscope system comprising: a mixer unit that superimposes the image on a video signal from the photographing mechanism in conjunction with the switching unit.

(Additional Item 12-1) The surgical microscope system according to additional item 12, further comprising recording means for recording a video output of the mixer means. (Additional Item 13) The additional item 12 or the additional item 12-1, wherein the position of the image superimposed by the mixer means is substantially the same as the position of the image projected in the microscope field of view. Surgical microscope system.

(Additional Item 14) The additional item 12, the additional item 12-1, or the additional item, wherein the interlocking operation of the switching means and the mixer means is performed by a foot switch connected to the microscope system. 14. The surgical microscope system according to claim 13.

(Additional Item 15) A first optical system for illuminating and observing the operation part, a second optical system for observing closer to the operation part than the first optical system, and an observation range of the first optical system And a navigation system for detecting the position of the tip of the second optical system, wherein when the tip of the second optical system is guided to the observation range of the first optical system, A surgical system, comprising: means for blocking or dimming only a tip position of the second optical system among illumination positions in an observation range.

(Additional Item 16) A first optical system for illuminating and observing the operation part, a second optical system for observing closer to the operation part than the first optical system, and an observation range of the first optical system And a navigation system for detecting an observation position of the second optical system, wherein when the observation position of the second optical system is guided to an observation range of the first optical system, the first optical system A surgical system having means for blocking or dimming only the observation position of the second optical system among the illumination positions of the observation range.

(Additional Item 17) The surgical system according to additional item 15 or 16, wherein the light blocking or dimming means is a liquid crystal shutter arranged at a position conjugate with an illumination field surface of a microscope. .

(Prior Art of Supplementary Items 1 to 17) (1) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-166310 discloses means for displaying a captured image such as an endoscope image on an eyepiece of a stereoscopic microscope on a monitor. . There is disclosed a technique for guiding an optical image of a stereoscopic microscope and a monitor image to the same eyepiece optical system.

(2) JP-A-63-167317 discloses a means for displaying data on an eyepiece such as a stereomicroscope. There is disclosed a technique in which a light beam such as data is made incident from outside a main observation light beam such as a microscope, and an exit pupil of a data image is projected outside an exit pupil of a microscope image.

(3) JP-A-3-105305 has a built-in means for projecting an optical or electronic image of a 2D endoscope onto an eyepiece of a stereomicroscope. There is disclosed an optical device provided with means for guiding an image of a 2D endoscope to right and left optical paths of a microscope and a member for shielding a microscope light beam.

(4) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 8-140991 discloses a means for displaying an endoscope image and patient's biological data in or near the field of view of a microscope. There are disclosed a technique for guiding an endoscope image or the like into a visual field of a microscope using a half mirror, a technique for parallelizing the optical path of the microscope and the optical path of the endoscope to an eyepiece, and displaying the same in the same visual field.

(Problems to be Solved by Additional Items 1 and 1-1) What is disclosed in (1) is only that the images of the microscope optical system and the monitor optical system are led to the same eyepiece optical system. If the image of the monitor optical system is to be observed outside the optical image of the microscope optical system, the microscope field stop will be in the way, and the monitor image will be vignetted or the microscope field stop must be removed. In this case, when it is desired to observe only the microscope image, the field stop is not provided in the area where the monitor image is originally projected, so that it is possible to see outside the image circle formed by the microscope optical system,
It is necessary to always observe a peripheral image having inferior image quality, and the quality of image quality deteriorates, causing unnecessary fatigue to the operator.

Regarding (3), the microscope image and the endoscope image are superimposed on the same field of view, and detailed observation of each image is not possible unless one of the images is shielded. Therefore, the endoscope is oriented within the field of view of the microscope. Simultaneous observation, such as observing an endoscope image, is difficult.

In the technique (4) in which the microscope optical path and the endoscope optical path in FIG. 3 are guided in parallel to the eyepiece, the endoscope optical path is provided outside the microscope optical path, and the endoscope optical path is inserted and removed. Even when the endoscope observation is not necessary because of the inability to do so, no field stop is formed in the optical path of the endoscope, and the image circle of the microscope optical system is visible as in (1). When observing an endoscope image, there is a demand to observe a monitor image as large as possible. In this case, however, it is necessary to reduce the microscope image, which is not very practical.

(Problem to be solved by Additional Item 4)
In (1), the image is merely disclosed as being projected by a monitor television, and backlights for the two monitor televisions are required, respectively, resulting in an increase in cost and size. Also, each monitor TV is fixed,
Since the degree of freedom of the eyepiece optical system for observing an image from a fixed monitor television is extremely limited, there is a problem that it is very difficult to use.

(Problem to be solved by Additional Item 5)
Regarding (1), (2) and (4), the backlight for projecting the electronic image of the endoscope is completely independent of the illumination light beam of the microscope, but the orientation of the endoscope is required during endoscopic observation. The microscope irradiates the surgical site with an unnecessary light flux even though brightness is not so required, so that the efficiency was low. In this state, the backlight was turned on independently, so that much heat was generated.

(Problem to be solved by Additional Item 7)
In contrast to all the preceding examples (1) to (4), the control of the brightness of the microscope optical image and the brightness of the monitor image are independent of each other. It was difficult to adjust the brightness of the monitor when the light was manually adjusted, or conversely, when observing the fundus image or the like in ophthalmology, when the microscope image was dark, the brightness of the monitor was not reduced. These conditions are different depending on the case and the like, so it is necessary to change the adjustment each time, which is very troublesome.

(Problem to be solved by Additional Item 12)
Compared to the preceding examples of (1), (3) and (4), the video signal of the TV camera that captured the microscope optical image and the video signal projected on the monitor such as an endoscope image were completely independent of each other. When grasping the situation while watching the monitor, it is necessary to observe a separate monitor, which is not only troublesome, but also observes the superimposed part of the monitor in the field of view that the operator judges that observation is unnecessary This made it difficult to grasp the situation. In addition, both images must be recorded on the video completely separately, which is very inefficient in terms of waste of equipment and editing and storage of the tape taken.

(Problem to be solved by Additional Item 15)
Contrary to the preceding examples of (1), (3) and (4), it is generally considered that the brighter the illumination light for observing the microscope image is better in the extracerebral field, etc. When observing using a mirror or the like, it is almost impossible to orient the endoscope held and moved by the operator's hand while always avoiding the microscope illumination light. Therefore, if the operator pulls out the tip of the endoscope to the observation position of the microscope during orientation, the illumination light of the microscope may enter the endoscope and cause halation, making observation impossible. , Resulting in operator fatigue and prolonged surgery.

(Problem to be solved by Additional Item 16)
When observing the blind spot of a microscope using an endoscope or the like with respect to the preceding examples of (1), (3) and (4), even if the blind spot of a complete microscope is satisfactory, there is no problem with an endoscope or the like. For example, when a part of the visual field is included in the visual field of the microscope, the overlapping part of the visual field is illuminated by both the illumination light of the microscope and the illumination light of the endoscope. In such a case, the field of view of the microscope, which generally has a large amount of light, is not so much affected.However, with an endoscope, the amount of incident illumination light is much larger than in a normal case. If the microscope illumination light is a xenon light source and the endoscope illumination light is a halogen light source, the color balance may be extremely disturbed, and in the worst case, observation may not be possible.

(Objects of Additional Items 1 to 17) It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems and to obtain good microscope optical images and monitor images in the same visual field.

(Means for Solving the Problems in Additions 1 and 1-1) An image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of the microscope field of view, and an image from this image projection optical system is In a surgical microscope comprising switching means for inserting and removing inside, and a visual field adjusting means for adjusting a visual field area of a microscope visual field, a diaphragm for changing the shape of the visual field adjusting means in conjunction with operation of the switching means It is characterized in that a shape deforming means is provided.

Further, in an operating microscope provided with an image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of the microscope field of view and a switching means for switching an observation state in the microscope field of view, the operation of the switching means is controlled. A field stop shape changing means for changing the shape of the field stop in conjunction therewith is provided.

(Means for Solving the Problem in Additional Item 4)
A plurality of displays built in the microscope body and variably provided in a relative position; an image projection optical system for projecting an image of the display in a microscope field of view; and a single illumination for supplying a light beam to the plurality of displays. Means, a surgical microscope having light guide means for supplying a light beam from the lighting means to each display, wherein the plurality of displays are arranged substantially symmetrically with the lighting means, and the light guiding means is provided with the display and It is characterized by interlocking.

(Means for Solving the Problem in Additional Item 5)
A display built in the microscope body, an image projection optical system for projecting an image of the display in the field of view of the microscope, switching means for switching an observation state of the image of the display in the field of view of the microscope, and illumination of the field of view of the microscope A surgical microscope equipped with an illumination optical system for deflecting, a light path deflecting member for deflecting a part of the light beam to a part of the illumination optical system, and a light guide means for guiding the deflected light beam to the display. And a mechanism for inserting and removing the optical path deflecting member from the optical path of the illumination optical system.

(Means for Solving the Problem in Additional Item 7)
In a surgical microscope having an image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of a microscope visual field, a detecting means for detecting the brightness of at least one of a microscope optical image and an image projected on the microscope visual field, A surgical microscope, further comprising control means for controlling at least one of the brightness of the microscope optical image and the image projected in the microscope field of view based on the microscope image.

(Means for Solving the Problem in Appendix 12) An image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of the microscope field of view, a switching means for switching an image observation state in the microscope field of view, and a microscope optical image A surgical microscope system having an image capturing mechanism for capturing an image of the image and converting the image into a video signal, comprising a mixer means for superimposing the image on the video signal from the image capturing mechanism in conjunction with the switching means.

(Means for Solving the Problem of Additional Item 15) A first optical system for illuminating and observing the operation part, a second optical system for observing the operation part closer to the operation part than the first optical system, In a surgical system having an observation range of the first optical system and a navigation system for detecting a tip position of the second optical system, when a tip of the second optical system is guided to an observation range of the first optical system. In addition, there is provided a means for shielding or dimming only the tip position of the second optical system among the illumination positions in the observation range of the first optical system. (Means for Solving the Problem of Supplementary Item 16) A first optical system for illuminating and observing an operation part, a second optical system for observing closer to the operation part than the first optical system, and the first optical system In a surgical system having an observation range of an optical system and a navigation system that detects an observation position of the second optical system, when the observation position of the second optical system is guided to the observation range of the first optical system, It is characterized in that there is provided means for shielding or dimming only the observation position of the second optical system among the illumination positions of the observation range of the first optical system.

(Effects of Additional Items 1 to 17) According to the present invention, when observing only a microscope image, a field stop having the same shape as a normal field stop is used. Since a field stop for image observation is formed outside the field stop of the microscope, a good field of view is always obtained, and the vignetting of the field of view of the microscope can be minimized even when the image observation is also used.

[0140]

According to the present invention, a good microscope optical image and a monitor image from the image projection optical system can be obtained within the same field of view.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an operation microscope system of a microsurgery combined with an endoscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the surgical microscope system according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the operation of a liquid crystal shutter constituting a field stop in the operating microscope according to the first embodiment, where (A) is a plan view showing a first shape of the liquid crystal shutter;
FIG. 4B is a plan view showing a second shape of the liquid crystal shutter.

4A and 4B show a monitor observation screen of the surgical microscope according to the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a display state of a microscope observation image, and FIG. 4B is a view showing a microscope image and an LCD monitor image. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state where the images are displayed at the same time.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a surgical microscope system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a control system of the surgical microscope system according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration and operation of a field stop in the operating microscope according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 8 shows a monitor observation screen of the surgical microscope according to the second embodiment, in which (A) shows a microscope image and an endoscope in a state where the microscope illumination light at the tip position of the rigid endoscope is reduced. Plan view showing a display state in which mirror images are displayed simultaneously, (B)
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state where a microscope image is displayed on a main screen and an endoscope image is displayed on a child screen.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the operation of an LCD shutter constituting a field stop in the surgical microscope according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9A shows an LCD shutter in which a circular light transmitting portion and a light shielding portion are formed. FIG. 2B is a plan view showing a first shape, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state where a light-reducing portion is formed in a part of the light-transmitting portion of the shutter.

FIG. 10 is a main part configuration diagram according to a modification of the first embodiment.

11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating an operation of a liquid crystal shutter that forms a field stop in the configuration of FIG. 10; FIG. 11A is a plan view illustrating a first shape of the liquid crystal shutter; FIG. The top view which shows a shape.

[Explanation of symbols]

 L Image projection optical system 3 Rigid endoscope (endoscope) 8 Liquid crystal shutter (field-of-view adjusting means) 30 Second rotary solenoid (switching means) 37 Controller (stop shape deforming means)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A surgical microscope comprising: an image projection optical system for projecting an image on a part of a field of view of a microscope; and field-of-view adjusting means for adjusting a field area of the field of view of the microscope. An operating microscope, wherein a visual field area of a microscope field is adjusted according to a projection state of an image with respect to the microscope field.