JPH11245325A - Waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a waterproof sheet, which is excellent in handling characteristics at the time of applying the waterproof sheet on a ground or a primary covered concrete surface by a separate applying method, and can easily follow uneven surface of the ground or the primary covered concrete, and is excellent in resistance to breakage. SOLUTION: A waterproof sheet is composed of two sheets 2 and 3 non- permeable to water laying upon each other, and bonded by linear bonding parts 4, 4 and 4 composed of a thermal adhesion resin linearly formed in three parts between the both sheets in the same direction with specified spaces. The waterproof sheet can obtain sufficient resistance to breakage, durability and water resistance without thickness such that it harms handling characteristics. Thereby, it is preferably applying on a primary covered concrete of a tunnel by a separate applying method, and can be preferably used for the waterproof sheet to prevent spring water from leaking from the primary covered concrete to a secondary covered concrete.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for arranging a spring in a tunnel or between a primary lining concrete and a secondary lining concrete so that a spring water from the primary lining concrete side is provided on the secondary lining concrete side. The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet used for preventing water from leaking into a waterproof sheet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art
A waterproof sheet is interposed between the ground of the tunnel or the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete, and spring water from underground leaks into the secondary lining concrete from the primary lining concrete side in the tunnel. For example, in the case of the watertight method, a nonwoven fabric or the like is previously stretched on the primary lining concrete surface, and a water-impermeable sheet is attached to the nonwoven fabric as a waterproof sheet. Has been adopted.

In the case of the separate upholstery method, if a single-layer water-impermeable sheet is used, the sheet can be stretched and fixed, and the unevenness of the ground or the primary lining concrete surface or the secondary lining concrete can be cast. There is a risk that the sheet may be damaged by the casting pressure or the like and lose its function as a waterproof sheet. If the sheet is thickened to avoid such a situation, the sheet becomes heavy and difficult to handle, and There is a problem that it is difficult to follow irregularities of the primary lining concrete surface. In order to solve such a problem, various methods have been proposed in which two water-impermeable sheets are overlapped and used, but there is still room for improvement in handling properties, breakage resistance and the like.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and not only has excellent handleability when a waterproof sheet is stretched on a ground or primary lining concrete surface by a separate tensioning method, but also has an advantage in ground and primary covering. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproof sheet that can easily follow irregularities on a concrete surface and is excellent in breakage resistance.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises two water-impermeable sheets which are overlapped with each other, and these sheets have at least two sheets between them.
A waterproof sheet characterized in that it is joined to a plurality of locations by a linear bonding portion made of a thermo-adhesive resin and linearly formed in the same direction at a predetermined distance from each other. Here, when the air-permeable sheet-like member is inserted between the two water-impermeable sheets so as to be interposed between the linear adhesive portions and the linear adhesive portions adjacent to each other, It is suitable.

That is, the waterproof sheet of the present invention is used for waterproofing tunnels and the like. For example, two sheets of a water-permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric stretched in advance on the ground or primary lining concrete surface are used. Stretched so that one of the impermeable sheets is opposed to each other and fixed to the permeable sheet, it is fixed to the ground or the primary lining concrete surface via the permeable sheet, and from the ground in the tunnel This prevents the spring water from leaking from the primary lining concrete side to the secondary lining concrete. Here, the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, when two water-impermeable sheets are overlapped with each other, has a heat-adhesive resin in at least two places between these two sheets in a linear shape along the same direction with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Since both sheets are integrated by a linear bonding portion made of a heat-adhesive resin, even if one impermeable sheet is damaged, the possibility of damage to the other impermeable sheet is low. Therefore, as long as the other water-impermeable sheet functions as a waterproof sheet, spring water from the primary lining concrete does not leak to the secondary lining concrete. The two water-impermeable sheets are integrated by a plurality of linear adhesive portions made of a heat-adhesive resin and an air layer is formed, so that the linear adhesive portions are not interposed. Compared to the case where two impermeable sheets are bonded, they have excellent flexibility and a large buffering effect, so that the handleability and breakage resistance are further improved, and the bonding strength of the two impermeable sheets is also improved. As it improves, it is also excellent in durability and water resistance.

Here, a sheet-like member such as a nonwoven fabric or a net having air permeability is interposed between the two water-impermeable sheets so as to be disposed between the above-mentioned linear bonding portions. In addition to the above, the air layer can be secured not only over the entire width separated by the two linear adhesive portions adjacent to each other but also when one of the impermeable sheets is loaded. Since the load is buffered, it is possible to prevent the load from being applied to the other impermeable sheet, and the self-weight of the sheet-shaped member is relatively light, so that the waterproof sheet can be handled without damage. Can be further improved.

Therefore, when the waterproof sheet of the present invention is stretched on the ground or the primary lining concrete surface to waterproof the tunnel, work such as stretching and fixing can be easily performed. It is also excellent in its waterproof function.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating one configuration example of the waterproof sheet of the present invention. The waterproof sheet 1 is obtained by laminating two sheets of water-impermeable synthetic resin 2 and 3 on each other. Are bonded by two linear bonding portions 4 and 4 formed close to each other and one linear bonding portion 4 formed in the middle portion in the width direction to form both end portions 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b in the width direction. Are unfixed and integrated in a released state.

Here, sheets 2 and 3 made of water-impermeable synthetic resin are used.
Preferred are synthetic resin sheets such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the thickness of the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3 is Although not particularly limited, in the case of the present invention, the thickness of the two sheets of water-impermeable synthetic resin 2 and 3 is different, and the water-permeable sheet (stretched in advance on the ground or primary lining concrete) It is desirable that the sheet made of water-impermeable synthetic resin (the sheet 2 made of water-impermeable synthetic resin in the drawing) on the side facing the sheet (not shown) is thinner than the other sheet. The impermeable synthetic resin sheet 3) is 1.1 to 10 times the thinner sheet (in the drawing, the impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2),
In particular, the thickness is preferably 1.2 to 6 times, and the specific sheet thickness is 0.1% for the sheet 2 made of the water-impermeable synthetic resin.
To 1 mm, especially 0.2 to 0.8 mm, and the sheet 3 made of water-impermeable synthetic resin is 0.3 to 1.5 mm, especially 0.5 to 1.2 mm.
mm is preferable. In addition, the material of the two sheets of water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3 may be the same material or different materials as long as they can be integrated by a heat-adhesive resin.

Then, sheets 2 and 3 made of water-impermeable synthetic resin are used.
Three linear bonding portions 4, which are linearly formed along the same direction with a predetermined distance therebetween to integrate the two sheets.
Reference numerals 4 and 4 are made of a heat-adhesive resin, and the heat-adhesive resin includes the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2
The type is not particularly limited as long as it can be thermally bonded, and for example, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the like are preferably used. Here, in this configuration example, three linear adhesive portions are formed, but in the case of the present invention, the number is not particularly limited as long as the number is two or more. Can be appropriately selected depending on the width of the sheet.

Although the formation position is not particularly limited, the two linear bonding portions 4 at both ends are connected to the two ends 2 in the width direction of the synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3 as in this configuration example.
When a, 2b, 3a and 3b are formed as free ends, for example, both ends 2a and 2b in the width direction of the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2 are stretched in advance on the ground of the tunnel or the primary lining concrete surface. For fixing to a water-permeable sheet (not shown), both ends 3 in the width direction of the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 3
a, 3b can be used as a joint to another waterproof sheet (not shown). In this case, the width of these free ends is not particularly limited, but may be 100 to 30.
A thickness of 0 mm, particularly 150 to 250 mm, is preferable because it can be easily used as a fixing spatula and a joint.

Although the height and width of the linear bonding portions 4, 4, 4 are not particularly limited, the height may be 0.01 in consideration of the thickness of the entire waterproof sheet, the bonding strength, and the like. ~ 0.5
mm, especially 0.05 to 0.1 mm, and a width of 3
It is preferably from 100 to 100 mm, particularly preferably from 20 to 50 mm. In addition, the linear bonding portions 4, 4, 4 may be formed continuously without being divided over the entire length of the waterproof sheet 1. When the impermeable sheet is cut to an appropriate length, a free end for connecting the impermeable sheet in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is preferably formed. In this case, in consideration of the adhesive strength of the waterproof sheet, the divided portion is 200 to 2000 mm, particularly 300 to 1 mm.
Desirably, it is 000 mm.

The method for manufacturing the waterproof sheet 1 is not particularly limited, but an extruded T-shaped die is used.
A method in which a required number (three in the case of this configuration example) of the above-mentioned thermo-adhesive resin is discharged in a streak shape, two synthetic resin sheets are laminated, and then cut to a required length, a hot melt discharger A method of discharging the required number of heat-adhesive resins in the form of a streak (three in the case of this configuration example), bonding two synthetic resin sheets together, and cutting to the required length, etc. Is preferably adopted.

The waterproof sheet 1 can be used in the same manner as a conventional waterproof sheet. In this case, a ground or primary lining concrete surface (not shown) on which a water-permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric is stretched in advance. In order to fix the sheet, the side ends 2a and 2b of the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2 in the free state are used as fixing wrench, and the fixing member is driven into the ground or primary through the water-permeable sheet. Fix to lining concrete. In order to connect another waterproof sheet, the side ends 3a, 3a,
3b, the free ends of the water-impermeable sheet of the other waterproof sheet are joined or overlapped with each other, and this part is heat-welded to connect the two waterproof sheets.

When the waterproofing of the tunnel is performed by the waterproof sheet 1 as described above, not only is it easy to follow the unevenness of the ground or the primary lining concrete surface, but also the casting of such unevenness or the secondary lining concrete is performed. The waterproof sheet is resistant to damage due to pressure, etc., and is excellent in handleability during construction.Therefore, the above waterproof sheet prevents the spring water from underground from leaking from the primary lining concrete side into the secondary lining concrete in the tunnel. Useful as a sheet to prevent.

The waterproof sheet 1 is suitably used for a method of separately attaching and integrating a water-permeable sheet previously stretched on the ground of a tunnel or a primary lining concrete surface at the time of spreading. However, a water-permeable sheet (not shown) can be integrated before the sheet is spread.

Next, another configuration example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof sheet 1 'illustrating another configuration example of the present invention. Waterproof sheet 1 'shown in FIG.
A sheet member 5, 5 having air permeability between the two water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2, 3 of the waterproof sheet 1 shown in FIG. In addition to being inserted so as to be disposed, an intermediate fixing spatula (vertical spatula) 6 is attached to the upper surface in the width direction central portion of the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2. Here, the material and configuration of the sheet-like members 5 and 5 are not particularly limited as long as they have breathability and cushioning property and can be used as a breathable sheet and a buffer sheet. Synthesizing polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, etc., thin wires made of synthetic resins such as polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, metal wires coated with synthetic resins such as polyvinyl chloride, or nets formed by forming a wire such as metal wires into a mesh sheet. A resin nonwoven fabric or the like is preferably used.

The sheet-like members 5, 5 are formed by integrating two water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2, 3 by the linear bonding portions 4, 4, 4 as described above, and then forming the synthetic resin sheet 2, 5. , 3 can be inserted, for example, when using the hot melt discharger in the above manufacturing process,
As shown in FIG. 3, two synthetic resin sheets a, a are supplied to a hot melt discharger b which discharges a required number of thermoadhesive resins in the form of stripes as described above, and at the same time a sheet-like member c is supplied.
Is supplied between the two synthetic resin sheets a, a and between the adjacent stripe-shaped thermoadhesive resins, and the synthetic resin is inserted through the rolls d, d. The sheets a, a made of synthetic resin are integrated by a linear bonding portion made of a thermo-adhesive resin, and at the same time, the sheet members c, a are made of synthetic resin so as to be placed between the linear bonding portions adjacent to each other. It is more preferable to insert it between a.

The sheet-like member does not need to be interposed without being divided over the entire length of the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3, and is cut to an appropriate length as shown in FIG. Things (5a, 5a, 5b, 5b, 5c, 5c in the figure) may be inserted with a predetermined spacing therebetween. The sheet-like members 5a, 5a, 5
b, 5b, 5c, and 5c are crushed linearly in the width direction with a welder or the like in the width direction to form an impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2,
3 and the linear bonding portions 4, 4, 4 and the linear crushing portions 7, 7,
7, 7 and 7, each of which is independently divided into a bag shape to maintain an airtight state,
When a, 5a, 5b, 5b, 5c, and 5c are stored, the sheet-shaped member is not shifted between the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3, which is preferable. An inspection port (not shown) serving as an air inlet / outlet in the bag-shaped portion is formed in each bag-shaped portion of No. 3, respectively.
After the waterproof sheet 1 'is stretched on the ground or the primary lining concrete surface, when the air in the bag-shaped portion is evacuated from the inspection port to make the inside of the bag negative pressure, the air passage is formed by the sheet-shaped member 5. Is made, the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3 do not adhere to each other over the entire bag-like portion, and the whole can be made to have a negative pressure. The airtightness can be checked.

The material of the intermediate fixing spatula 6 attached to the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2 is not particularly limited, but the adhesiveness with the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2 is taken into consideration. Then, it is desirable to use the same material as the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2, and the attaching method may be such that the sheet is fixed to the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 2 in advance by appropriate means such as heat welding. Alternatively, it may be fixed after being integrated with the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 3. The number of such intermediate fixing wrench is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the width of the impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3 and the weight of the waterproof sheet 1 '.

This waterproof sheet 1 ′ is
The same operation and effect as described above can be obtained by using the same for waterproofing, and since the sheet-like members 5 and 5 are inserted between the water-impermeable synthetic resin sheets 2 and 3, It is hard to break.

It should be noted that the waterproof sheet of the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and may be variously changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0024]

The waterproof sheet of the present invention can provide sufficient breakage resistance, durability, and water resistance without reducing the thickness of the sheet so that the handleability is impaired.
It can be suitably stretched to the primary lining concrete of the tunnel by the separate tensioning method, and it is suitable as a waterproof sheet for preventing spring water from the primary lining concrete side from leaking to the secondary lining concrete side Used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof sheet for explaining a configuration example of a waterproof sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof sheet illustrating another configuration example of the waterproof sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a manufacturing apparatus for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing the waterproof sheet.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a waterproof sheet for explaining an application example of the waterproof sheet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1, 1 'waterproof sheet 2, 3 water-impermeable synthetic resin sheet 4 linear bonding portion 5 sheet-like member

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heat-adhesive sheet comprising two water-impervious sheets which are overlapped with each other, and which are linearly formed in at least two places between the two sheets at a predetermined distance from each other in the same direction. A waterproof sheet characterized by being joined by a linear bonding portion made of resin. 2. A sheet-like member having air permeability is inserted between the two water-impermeable sheets so as to be interposed between the linear bonding portions adjacent to each other. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1.