JPH11244716A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance crushing efficiency by improving the grate of a crusher. SOLUTION: The opening forming part 33 of a grate 27 is constituted of comb teeth 34 and connection members 35. Openings 38 are allowed to reach the insertion port 39 of a rotor to allow a material to be crushed to easily pass through the openings 38. The comb teeth 34 are constituted of a steel material 36 and soft iron. The material to be crushed is made easy to cut by the steel material 36. The grate 27 is constituted of part plates 31, 32 to be made easily replaceable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing waste and the like. In particular, the present invention relates to a great and a hammer where crushed materials are easily crushed. Also,
In particular, it relates to a crusher into which large-sized waste can be put.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 12 is a conceptual view of a conventional rigid crusher disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-332401. Less than,
The conventional crusher shown in FIG. 12 will be described with reference to the description of the above publication. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 1 denotes a device, such as a refrigerator, using a urethane resin containing chlorofluorocarbon as a heat insulating material, which is crushed by a coarse crusher (not shown) or the like into a size that can be introduced into the rigid crusher. The crushed material 2 is an input port for charging the crushed material 1 provided above the rigid crusher, 3
Is a crushing chamber, 4 is a rotor rotating at high speed, 5 is a hammer arranged on the rotor 4 and driven together with the rotor 4, 6 is a liner installed on the inner wall of the crusher, 7 is crushed pieces crushed in the crushing chamber 3, 8 Is provided at the lower part of the crushing chamber 3, and is a great for discharging the crushed pieces 7 crushed in the crushing chamber. Is a piece.

Next, the operation will be described. The crushed object 1 introduced into the crushing chamber 3 from the input port 2 is hit by a high-speed rotating hammer 5, and the crushed object 1
Impact crushing. The crushed pieces 7 do not enter the opening of the great but rebound and return to the crushing chamber, and those that pass through the opening of the great and are discharged from the outlet 10 through the chute 9. .

FIG. 13 shows a case where the great opening is a square great. As is clear from FIG. 12, the central portion 11 is a region located at the lower portion of the rotor and can be considered substantially not to be hit by crushed pieces, and a surface excluding this portion is a substantial great surface. 12 is one side of the square
It is a square opening having a thickness of 00 mm.

FIG. 14 shows a case in which the opening of the great is a rectangular great.
m, a rectangular opening having a long side of 302 mm.

FIG. 15 shows a case where the great opening is a circular great, and 17 is a circular opening having a circular diameter of 200 mm.

FIG. 16 shows a case in which the opening of the great is an elliptical great.
m is an elliptical opening.

[0008]

As shown in FIGS. 13 to 16, the opening of the great crusher of the conventional crusher is formed excluding the central portion 11 located at the lower part of the rotor.
However, there is also a case where the crushed material 7c is sandwiched between the lower portion of the rotor and the central portion 11 of the great 8, and in such a case, the crushed material 7c is not discharged while being sandwiched between the rotor 4 and the great 8. There was a problem. Further, in the conventional crusher, since the lower part 4a of the rotor is present between the great 8 and the hammer 5, the lower part 4a of the rotor is not provided.
It did not have the function of crushing the crushed material 7c caught between the a and the great 8 with a hammer. Also,
The conventional openings 12, 15, 17, and 19 are only for discharging the crushed material, and do not have a function of further crushing the crushed material at the opening. Further, since the conventional grate is composed of one part, when the grate is replaced, there is a problem that the entire crusher must be disassembled and removed from the shaft of the rotor 4. In addition, the conventional crusher has a problem in that only a crushing object having a size between the inner wall of the crushing chamber and the rotor can be introduced because the sectional view from the plane direction is circular. Furthermore, since the distance between the inner wall of the crushing chamber and the outer periphery of the rotor is constant, there has been a problem that the pressure and impact given to the crushed material by the rotation of the rotor become constant.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a grate having an improved ability to discharge crushed materials.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a crusher capable of crushing a crushed material using a grate.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a crusher in which a great exchange is easy.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a crusher capable of charging a large crushed object.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a crusher capable of changing the pressure and impact applied to the crushed material by the rotation of the rotor.

[0014]

A crushing machine according to the present invention comprises a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed, and a great having an opening for discharging the crushed material crushed in the crushing chamber from the crushing chamber. In the crusher provided with the above, the great is characterized in that the great is provided with an insertion opening into which the rotor is inserted, and an opening forming portion having comb teeth toward the insertion opening and having an opening formed between the comb teeth.

The above-mentioned great is characterized in that it has a connecting member that connects the ends of the comb teeth behind the opening forming portion.

The above-mentioned great is characterized in that plates of different materials are overlapped to form an opening forming portion.

A crusher according to the present invention is a crusher comprising a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed, and a great having an opening for discharging the crushed material crushed in the crushing chamber from the crushing chamber. The great is constituted by a plurality of separable component plates, and the crushing chamber is characterized in that the component plates are detachably mounted.

A crusher according to the present invention is a crusher comprising: a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed; and a great having an opening for discharging the crushed material crushed in the crushing chamber from the crushing chamber. The rotor has a hammer that moves on the surface of the great, and the object to be crushed is crushed by the opening of the great and the hammer.

The hammer has a tapered portion in which the crushed material is more easily wound between the hammer and the grate toward the end of the hammer from the trunk to the end.

The ratio of the thickness of the body to the thickness of the end of the hammer is not more than 10: 9.5.

The hammer is a gear ring hammer.

A crushing machine according to the present invention is a crushing machine having an input port for charging a crushed object, a crushing chamber for crushing the crushed object, and a great having an opening for discharging the crushed material. A part of the crushing chamber is inflated outward from to the great.

A crushing machine according to the present invention is a crushing machine having a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed,
The sectional shape of the crushing chamber is polygonal, and the distance from the rotor to the wall of the crushing chamber is changed.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a side view showing a hard crusher as an example of the present invention. A part is shown in a cross-sectional shape so that the inside can be easily understood. The crusher rotates the belt 21 by the motor 20. The belt 21 rotates the rotation shaft 41. Rotary axis 4
1 is rotatably mounted on a bearing 22 and a bearing 23. The rotor 24 is attached to the rotating shaft 41 and rotates together with the rotating shaft 41. A hammer shaft 25 is fixed to the rotor 24, and a hammer 26 and a hammer 26 a are rotatably attached to the hammer shaft 25. At the bottom of the crushing chamber 29, a great 27 is provided. The great 27 has an opening forming part 33. In the lower part of the great 27, a crushed material stocker 40
Is provided. Inside the crushed material stocker 40,
The sweeper 28 fixed to the rotating shaft 41 and rotating is provided.

The waste is introduced from the inlet 50. The waste input from the input port 50 falls to the swelling unit 30. The waste that has fallen to the swelling part 30 is
As the rotor 4 rotates, it is caught between the rotor 24 and the inner wall of the crushing chamber 29, and is crushed by the hammer 26 and the hammer 26a to be crushed. The crushed material is supplied to the opening forming portion 33.
Crushed until it is large enough to pass through. Opening forming part 3
The crushed material that has passed through 3 is stored in the crushed material stocker 40. The crushed material accumulated in the crushed material stocker 40 is discharged from the discharge port (not shown) by the sweeper 28.

FIG. 2 shows a great 27 according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a partially enlarged perspective view of the great 27. FIG.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the great 27 and the hammer 26a.
FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the hammer 26a. FIG. 6 shows a side view of the hammer 26a.

The great 27 includes a component plate 31 and a component plate 32.
It is composed of As shown by an arrow C in FIGS. 2 and 4, the component plate 31 and the component plate 32 can be assembled and disassembled. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to remove the container portion 51 in the direction of arrow D, and then disassemble the component plates 31 and 32 in the direction of arrow C. In this way, the great 27 can be easily replaced or maintained without disassembling the crusher.

The component plate 31 and the component plate 32 are provided with an annular opening forming portion 33. The opening forming part 33 is composed of a comb tooth 34 and a connecting member 35. The comb teeth 34
It is composed of two layers, a steel material 36 and a soft iron 37. Steel 3
The edge of No. 6 forms a cutter. The opening 38 formed in the opening forming portion 33 is provided with an insertion port 39 of the rotor 24.
To reach. Since the opening 38 extends to the insertion port 39 in this manner, the crushed material is
Alternatively, even if it enters the lower part of the hammer 26a, it becomes possible to crush and discharge the crushed material.

As shown in FIG. 2, the hammer 26a is attached to the hammer shaft 25 so as to be movable in the radial direction by a length W. Accordingly, the length L of the opening 38 is long enough to crush and discharge the crushed material even when the hammer 26a comes to the outermost position. Hammer 2
Even when 6a is located at the innermost position, the opening 38 continues to the insertion port 39, so that the crushing and discharging of the crushed material is not impaired.

The connecting member 35 is a reinforcing material for preventing the end of the comb teeth 34 from being bent in the directions of arrows A and B shown in FIG. 3, that is, in the vertical and horizontal directions or the oblique directions. is there. If the comb teeth 34 have sufficient strength, the connecting member 35 is not required. If the thickness of the great 27 is large, it is difficult for the crushed material to pass through the opening 38, so that the great 27 cannot be made thick. Therefore, the thickness of the comb teeth 34 may not be large enough to have sufficient strength. In this case, the connecting member 35 is required. When the connecting member 35 is provided, the crushed material is prevented from being discharged by the width M of the connecting member 35. However, the connecting member 35
Is provided on the back side of the opening forming portion 33,
As shown by the arrow E, the thick portion of the comb teeth 34 becomes a space, and the crushed material can fall through the connecting member 35. The comb teeth 34 are formed of a steel material 36 whose surface is used as a material of a cutter. And soft iron 37 which reinforces steel material 36 is provided. Soft iron 37
Is a material of the component plate 31 and the component plate 32. In this way, by forming the surface of the opening forming portion 33 with the steel material 36, the comb teeth 34 themselves function as cutters. Further, the function of the cutter is dramatically increased by rotating the hammer 26a on the surface of the steel material 36. The bottom surface of the hammer 26 a is configured to be in contact with the surface of the steel material 36.

The diameter of the insertion port 39 is substantially the same as the diameter of the rotor 24. The opening provided in the center of the conventional great 8 is almost the same as the diameter of the rotating shaft 41 of the rotor 24, but the insertion port 39 in this embodiment is
The entire lower part of the rotor 24 can be inserted. As described above, since the insertion port 39 can insert the rotor 24, the lower surface of the hammer 26a can rotate and move on the surface of the great 27.

As shown in FIG. 5, the hammer 26a uses a gear ring hammer. Therefore, when the gear rotates, a cutter function is generated by the edge of the gear and the edge of the steel material 36, the crushed material existing between the gear and the comb teeth 34 is sheared, and the sheared crushed material is opened. 38
Fall from.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hammer 26a has a tapered portion 99, and the tip of the gear has a smaller thickness than the body. For example, a gear with a thickness of 90 mm is used for a tip of a gear with a thickness of 100 mm for the body. As described above, by providing the tapered portion 99 toward the tooth tip, the crushed material is easily wound between the tooth tip and the comb teeth 34. It is considered that the ratio of the thickness of the body to the thickness of the end of the hammer 26a is preferably about 10: 9. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7, the taper portion 99 may be provided only on the side (lower side) of the hammer 26a that contacts the grate 27. In this example, the thickness of the trunk is 10
In contrast to 0 mm, the thickness of the tooth tip is 95 mm. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 7, the ratio of the thickness of the body to the thickness of the end of the hammer 26a is 10: 9.5. In addition,
In this example, the case where the opening portion 33 is formed by superposing the steel material 36 and the soft iron 37 is shown, but the opening forming portion 33 may be formed by one kind of material. Further, in this example, the case where the gear-type ring hammer is used is shown, but the present invention is not limited to the gear-type ring hammer, and another hammer may be used. Further, in this example, the case where the opening 38 has a rod-like shape having a length L has been described, but as shown in FIG. 8, a rectangular or square opening 38 may be used. . In the case shown in FIG. 8, the width N of the comb teeth 34 can be made large, so that it is not necessary to provide the connecting member 35.
Further, in this example, the case where the great 27 is composed of two parts, the component plate 31 and the component plate 32, has been described. However, a case where the great 27 is composed of three components or four or more components may be used. .

Embodiment 2 FIG. 9 is a plan sectional view of the rigid crusher shown in FIG. However, the rotor 24, the rotating shaft 41 and the hammer 26 are not shown. As shown in FIG. 9, the crushing chamber 29 has a mortar shape having a dodecagonal plane cross-sectional shape. In addition, crushing room 2
9 has a bulging portion 30 bulging outward. The bulge portion 30 is provided directly below the inlet 50.

FIG. 10 shows the function of the bulging section 30.
FIG. 10A is a schematic view of the crusher when the cross-sectional shape of the crushing chamber 29 is a circle. When a large waste such as a refrigerator shown by a dotted line is thrown, in the crusher shown in FIG. 10A, the crushed material is not thrown between the rotor 24 and the inner wall 42, but is thrown out as shown by an arrow G. Would. FIG.
(B) shows a case where the bulge portion 30 is provided halfway through the inner wall 42. Also in the case shown in FIG. 10B, when large-sized waste is thrown in, it can be partially crushed, but may be flipped. In the case shown in FIG. 10 (c), the bulge portion 30 extends from the entire inner wall 42, that is,
7, when a large-sized waste is charged, the whole or most of the waste can be stored in the crushing chamber 29, and the waste is crushed with the rotation of the rotor 24, The waste is the inner wall 42 and the rotor 24
By being caught in between, the entire waste can be crushed. According to the present invention, as shown in FIG.
2 is characterized in that a bulge portion 30 is provided from the upper portion to the entire lower portion. By providing the bulge portion 30 in this manner, it becomes possible to crush large waste without flipping it.

As shown in FIG. 9, the crushing chamber 29 has a dodecagonal cross section. Since the crushing chamber 29 has a polygonal cross section, the rotor 24 and the inner wall 4
The distance between the two changes. For example, in the case of FIG.
1 <L2 <L3. Thus, the inner wall 4
When the distance to 2 changes to L1, L2, and L3, the pressure and impact applied to the crushed material by the hammer changes. In addition, the crushed material easily accumulates at the corners of the polygon. In this way, the crushed material is deliberately caused to stay, thereby improving the crushing efficiency of the crushed material.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing another sectional shape of the crushing chamber 29. As shown in FIG. 11A, the sectional shape of the crushing chamber may be oval. As shown in FIG. 11B, the sectional shape of the crushing chamber may be elliptical. Further, as shown in FIG. 11C, the sectional shape of the crushing chamber may be a square. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11D, the sectional shape of the crushing chamber may be triangular. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11E, the crushing chamber may have a rectangular cross-sectional shape and the bulge portion 30 may be provided. In the case shown in FIGS. 11C and 11D, each corner of a quadrangle or a triangle may function as the bulging portion 30.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, the provision of the comb-shaped opening forming portion 33 makes it possible to efficiently discharge the crushed material.

Further, according to the present invention, since the connecting member 35 is provided, the comb teeth 34 of the opening forming portion 33 can be reinforced.

Further, according to the present invention, the great 27 can be used as a cutter by forming the great 27 with plates made of different materials.

Further, according to the present invention, by constituting the great 27 with a plurality of parts, the great 27 can be attached and detached without disassembling the crusher.

According to the present invention, the crushed material can be sheared by the great 27 and the hammer 26a, and the crushing ability of the crusher can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, the hammer 26a is made thinner so that crushed material can be easily entrained,
The crushing efficiency of the crushed material can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, the thickness of the trunk portion and the thickness of the end portion of the hammer 26a can be set to an optimum ratio for the entrainment and crushing of the crushed material.

Further, according to the present invention, since the gear-type ring hammer is used, the cutter action between the great 27 and the hammer 26a can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, since a part of the crushing chamber is inflated, large-sized waste can be charged.

Further, according to the present invention, since the sectional shape of the crushing chamber is polygonal, a stagnation effect is given to the crushed material, and the crushing efficiency of the crushed material can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a great 27 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an opening forming portion 33 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of a great 27 and a hammer 26a according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the hammer 26a of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the hammer 26a of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of another hammer 26a of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view showing another great 27 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan sectional view of a crushing chamber 29 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the function of a bulging section 30 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of another crushing chamber 29 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a conventional crusher.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a conventional great.

FIG. 14 is a view showing a conventional great.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a conventional great.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a conventional great.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 motor, 21 belt, 22, 23 bearing, 2
4 rotor, 25 hammer shaft, 26, 26a hammer,
27 Great, 28 Sweeper, 29 Crushing chamber, 30
Bulge part, 40 crushed material stocker, 41 rotating shaft, 42 inner wall, 50 inlet.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuhito Iseki 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (72) Inventor Etsuo Ohno 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Ryuzo Yasukawa 24-1 Togawa, Hadano-shi, Kanagawa Nissan Trading Co., Ltd. (72) Katsuichi Iizuka 4-1-7 Akayamacho, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama Shinbashi Machine Co., Ltd Within industry

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A crushing machine comprising: a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed; and a great having an opening for discharging the crushed material crushed in the crushing chamber from the crushing chamber, A crusher comprising: an insertion opening for inserting; and an opening forming portion having comb teeth toward the insertion opening and having an opening formed between the comb teeth. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the great has a connecting member connecting end portions of the comb teeth behind the opening forming portion. 3. The crushing machine according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed by laminating plates of different materials. 4. A crusher having a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed and a great having an opening for discharging crushed material crushed in the crushing chamber from the crushing chamber, wherein the great is separable. A crushing machine, comprising: a plurality of component plates; and the crushing chamber detachably mounts the component plates. 5. A crusher comprising: a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed; and a great having an opening for discharging crushed material crushed in the crushing chamber from the crushing chamber, wherein the rotor is A crusher having a hammer moving on a surface and crushing an object to be crushed by a great opening and a hammer. 6. The hammer according to claim 5, wherein the hammer has a tapered portion in which the crushed material is more easily wound between the hammer and the grate toward the end of the hammer from the trunk toward the end. Crusher. 7. The hammer according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the thickness of the torso to the thickness of the end is not more than 10: 9.5.
Crusher as described. 8. The crusher according to claim 6, wherein said hammer is a gear type ring hammer. 9. A crusher having an input port for charging an object to be crushed, a crushing chamber for crushing the object to be crushed, and a great having an opening for discharging the crushed object. A crusher characterized by inflating a part of the room to the outside. 10. A crusher having a crushing chamber having a rotor for crushing an object to be crushed, wherein the crushing chamber has a polygonal cross-sectional shape, and a distance from the rotor to a wall of the crushing chamber is changed. And crusher.