JPH11236572A - Apparatus for carbonization of solid organic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an apparatus which efficiently produces charcoal with a wide variety of applications from solid organic material, has relatively a compact structure with no extra space, can be flexibly adjustable in size according to the amount of waste, and can readily cope with prevention of the generation of dioxin. SOLUTION: An apparatus, in which a transferable container 10 which is so formed of side walls 11 being gas-permeable as to accommodate solid organic matter in a laminated state and the interior of a furnace having a cross-sectional shape almost corresponding to the external shape of a container are made of a refractory material, comprises a carbonization furnace 20A composed of an opening portion 21 which is selectively opened, an ignition portion 25 on upper side and an exhaust path 24 in a bottom portion on the opposite side of the ignition portion 25; a combustion furnace 40 comprised of an inlet portion 40 provided with a burner 47 which burns a combustible gas introduced from the carbonization furnace through the exhaust path 24, a gas flow detour wall 42 and an exhaust outlet portion 43 for letting exhaust gas out; and a flatcar 15 of a small height which can move along a rail R1 provided inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace by way of the opening portion 41 and mount the container.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to solid organic waste such as various kinds of waste wood, bamboo, waste tires, and the like, which are discarded from offices, offices, and households, and lightweight organic waste including various types of plastic waste and paper waste. Device that kneads and consolidates viscous organic waste such as bio-waste, manure sludge, etc., and converts the organic waste such as solid regenerated fuel obtained into charcoal or activated carbon into a non-polluting treatment .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, most combustible wastes have been incinerated or landfilled at most local government incineration plants. However, in recent years, the situation regarding waste disposal has changed, and from the viewpoint of resource reuse, in June 1995, the law on the promotion of separate collection and recycling of containers and packaging (container packaging recycling Law) is enacted,
It was promulgated.

[0003] Along with this, waste which has been conventionally of a stable type has been changed to a management type, and it has become impossible to landfill easily. At the same time, waste plastics have been separated and collected, making it easier to reuse them.In line with this trend, we have considered that wastes including plastics, in addition to recycled fibers, have a high calorific value. Recycling methods have been studied. In addition, technologies to regenerate organic waste as fuel have been developed in order to prevent deforestation and prevent desertification on the surface and countermeasures against oil depletion.

[0004]

As the recycling of such waste containing plastic, the applicant of the present invention has often utilized it as a raw material for solid fuel, as already proposed by the present applicant. Recycled solid fuel from plastic is widely used as a fuel for boilers such as dyeing and bleaching factories and cleaning plants, public baths and health centers, and as a fuel for lime, cement factories and steelworks. I have.

[0005] However, chlorides such as vinyl chloride, which are widely used, are always contained in waste plastics and are therefore also contained in regenerated solid fuel, so that dioxins are generated depending on combustion conditions. As combustible waste,
Occasionally, large amounts of construction waste wood, thinned wood and bamboo are produced.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and has a wide variety of uses such as soil improvement, river water purification, and deodorization. It can be efficiently produced from system waste, uses less oxygen by steaming, has a relatively compact structure that can accommodate the net processed material without extra space, and is a scale for the amount of waste discharged. Can respond flexibly,
It is another object of the present invention to provide a carbonization apparatus for solid organic matter that can easily take measures against pollution, such as prevention of generation of dioxin.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbonization apparatus for solid organic matter, wherein the solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces are gas-passed so as to be accommodated in a stacked state. The inside of the furnace, which is formed of a refractory material, has a cross-sectional shape substantially conforming to the outer shape of the container, is formed of a refractory material, and is openable and closable for opening and closing the container; And a carbonization furnace provided with a lower exhaust passage provided on the opposite side of the ignition means, and a movable member on a rail laid through the opening inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace, and It is composed of a low carriage that can be mounted, and solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces are put in a stacked state in the transportable container mounted on the carriage, and extra space is generated inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace. Insert the whole trolley above and close the opening It is characterized by obtaining a is ignited at the top of the solid organic matter pieces, and allowed to proceed carbide to the bottom while braising with oxygen deficiency toward lower from the top carbides in the container by igniting means of the upper portion.

Therefore, in the carbonizing apparatus for solid organic matter according to claim 1 having the above structure, the transportable container in which the solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces are put in a stacked state is mounted on a trolley and placed in the carbonizing furnace. Is introduced from the opening which can be opened and closed, and the opening is sealed. Thereafter, the solid organic matter pieces inside the container are ignited from above by the ignition means in the upper part and burn down to the lower part while being exhausted from the lower exhaust passage provided on the opposite side of the ignition means, but into the furnace. Since the transportable container is put in the carriage without any extra space, it is converted into charcoal by being steamed in an oxygen-deficient state. Therefore,
For carbonization, the amount of air used is small, the temperature is low, and the amount of generated nitrogen oxides is small.

[0009] Charcoal is fixed as a lump of carbon, and is used as a fuel and as activated carbon having a wide variety of uses such as soil improvement, river water purification and deodorization. Solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces do not contain chlorine, and can be carbonized without worrying about the generation of dioxins. This carbonization device
If the amount of discharged waste increases, it can be configured to be long in the longitudinal direction or can be arranged in parallel to flexibly cope with the carbonization capacity. The charcoal obtained is converted into activated carbon and used for deodorization, purification of river water and waste gas treatment, and as fuel for boilers and kilns, it is mixed with compost or used alone for soil improvement, and is also used for golf courses, farmland and roads. Used as snow melting material.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the exhaust passage is connected to a smoke elimination burner and a chimney via a switching valve.
The chimney can be equipped with a condenser that condenses wood vinegar and tar from the exhaust gas. A large amount of smoke generated at the time of ignition is guided to a smoke-suppressing burner by a switching valve, and the smoke is combusted. A valve leads to the chimney, and wood vinegar liquid, which can be used as a disinfectant, fungicide, ham and sausage preservative and deodorant, and tar that can be used as fuel for insect pest control and disinfection of vegetables from the condenser. can get.

Further, the solid carbonizing apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, which achieves the above object, comprises a solid organic waste piece such as a waste wood piece and a waste tire, and an organic material containing various types of plastic waste and paper waste. Mix and consolidate viscous organic wastes such as system waste, shredder dust, and manure sludge, and store organic waste pieces such as solid regenerated fuel obtained by compacting and solidified shredder dust molded products in a stacked state. A transportable container formed by a gas-permeable side wall, and a somewhat large furnace interior having a cross-sectional shape substantially matching the outer shape of the container, formed of a refractory material, and an openable and closable opening for taking in and out of the container. A carbonization furnace having an upper ignition section and a lower exhaust passage provided on the opposite side of the ignition section,
A burner connected to the exhaust passage and configured to burn a combustible gas introduced from the carbonization furnace at an inlet portion, a gas flow bypass wall is provided in the furnace, and a combustion furnace that discharges exhaust gas from an outlet portion to the atmosphere. A low truck movable on a rail laid through the opening inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace and capable of mounting the container, wherein the transportable container mounted on the truck has a piece of wood. And the solid organic matter pieces of bamboo pieces are put in a stacked state, and the bogie is put in a state where no extra space is generated inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace and the opening is sealed, and the opening portion is sealed by the ignition means of the upper part. The upper portion of the solid organic matter is ignited, carbonization proceeds from the upper portion to the lower portion while being roasted in an oxygen-deficient state, and carbonized to the lower portion to obtain carbides. Exhaust gas 1m by complete combustion at higher
³ , characterized in that the dioxin content is less than 0.1 nanogram.

Accordingly, in the solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus according to the third aspect having the above-described structure, the process and action of obtaining charcoal from the solid organic matter pieces are the same as those of the carbonizing apparatus according to the first aspect, and in particular, dioxin. When a solid organic material piece such as a wood piece or a bamboo piece is used as a raw material for charcoal, which can be used as a carbonization apparatus without using a combustion furnace, only a carbonization furnace can be used. .

When a solid regenerated fuel containing plastics or a solidified shredder dust that causes the generation of dioxin is used as a raw material for charcoal, combustible gas generated during steaming in a carbonization furnace is passed through the exhaust passage of the carbonization furnace to the combustion furnace. Into the furnace and burned completely at 800 ° C. or higher by a burner at the inlet while being diverted by a gas flow diverting wall in the furnace, and reduced the dioxin content in 1 m ^{3 of} exhaust gas to 0.1% by self-combustion. It can be less than nanograms. In that case, the amount of gas generated during carbonization does not require a large amount of air unlike combustion, so even if dioxin is generated during carbonization, the amount of gas to be processed is small, and even in a compact combustion furnace, the above-mentioned complete combustion can be used. The generation of dioxin can be effectively suppressed, and the generation of nitric oxide can be significantly reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the exhaust outlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the ignition means of the carbonization furnace via an opening / closing means, and the high-temperature high-temperature gas whose oxygen content has been reduced by the complete combustion in the combustion furnace. Exhaust gas can be supplied to the carbonization furnace to promote roasting.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, an induction blower is provided between the exhaust outlet of the carbonization furnace and the entrance of the combustion furnace to attract the combustible gas of the carbonization furnace and supply the combustible gas to the combustion furnace. By controlling the rotation speed of the induction blower, the carbonization speed of solid organic matter in the carbonization furnace can be controlled.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the carbonizing furnace is disposed with the openable and closable opening facing the fire extinguishing furnace in which the rail is laid therein, and between the carbonizing furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace. A container delivery trolley equipped with folding rails that can move in the direction perpendicular to them and that bridges both furnaces is provided, and multiple carbonization furnaces are arranged in parallel with the fire extinguisher in accordance with the amount of waste discharged The solid organic matter can be distributed without idling by a container delivery truck movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction between the carbonization furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the carbonization furnace is provided with a refining combustion air supply hole which can be opened and closed on a side wall, and at the end of carbonization, the air supply hole can be opened to perform refining in the carbonization furnace. The quality of charcoal can be improved. Also, the installation of another smelting furnace can be omitted.

[0018] As described in claim 8, the truck can be provided with a container for loading the material to be carbonized, and transport management for each truck can be performed without loading and unloading the container.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a wooden vinegar solution and a condensate for collecting tars mounted on the apparatus. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a plurality of carbonizers arranged for treating a large amount of waste, FIG. 4 is a side view of a solid organic matter carbonizer of a second embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. Is a front view of the carbonization apparatus, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a solidification apparatus for producing solid fuel from organic waste, and FIG. 11 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the solidification apparatus.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention removes solid organic waste pieces such as waste wood pieces and waste tires, various types of plastic waste and paper waste. Organic waste including organic waste and viscous organic waste such as shredder dust and manure sludge are kneaded and compacted, and solid waste fuel such as solid regenerated fuel and solidified shredder dust are loaded in layers. A transferable container 10 formed by a peripheral wall 11 through which gas can pass, and a carbonization furnace 20A having a cross-sectional shape substantially conforming to the outer shape of the container 10 and a somewhat large inside of the furnace formed of a refractory material
And a low trolley 15 movable on a rail R1 laid through an opening 21 inside the carbonization furnace and capable of mounting three containers 10, for example, and a gas generated during carbonization from the carbonization furnace 20A. And a combustion furnace 40 that receives the supply and burns.

The transportable container 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the peripheral wall 11 is formed of a perforated metal or a wire mesh so as to allow gas to pass therethrough. Is placed. The bottom may be a flat plate, but may be a grate to improve the circumference of the fire.
The container 10 can be transported by a crane or a forklift so that batch management can be performed for charging solid organic matter from a solidifying device to be described later and emptying of manufactured coal. In order to protect the bearings of the wheels from heat, the carriage 15 is formed by attaching a skirt having a lower end into the sand of a groove (not shown) provided in parallel with the rail R1 on the inner floor of the carbonization furnace 20A from the platform 16. Can hang down.

In the carbonizing furnace 20A, a door 22A lined with a refractory material is mounted in an opening 21 for taking in and out of the container 10 so as to be openable and closable up and down. The door 22A has a structure that is closed by a jack or the like to the carbonization furnace main body 23A during the carbonization operation, and has an upper ignition portion 25 provided with a kerosene burner 26. The ignition flame and the high-temperature gas from the burner 26 are supplied from the crater of the ignition part 25 along the ceiling to the upper part of the solid organic matter pieces of the container 10 in the furnace for ignition. Several flame guide grooves G are formed in the ceiling.

An exhaust passage 24 for discharging gas generated during carbonization is formed below the end wall W1 on the opposite side of the ignition portion 25. In addition, on both side walls W2 and W3, when checking the degree of carbonization and finally smelting and burning,
Small windows 29 are formed at the middle and bottom, and are covered with an opening / closing lid.

A chimney 30 is connected to the exhaust passage 24. A plug-in type on-off valve V1 (also used as a smoke elimination switching valve) is provided at the base of the chimney 30, and a wood vinegar liquid as shown in FIG. And a condenser 32 for collecting tar. When a solid organic matter piece is made from building waste wood, thinned wood, and bamboo, the condenser 32 is supplied from the carbonization furnace 20A while the combustion furnace 40 (also used as a smoke-elimination combustion furnace) is stopped. It condenses and collects from the exhaust gas the insecticide that can be used for insect pest control and disinfection of vegetables, the wood vinegar liquid that can be used as a preservative and deodorant for ham and sausage, and the tar that can be used as fuel. A collection reservoir 33 is provided with a plurality of passages 34 projecting upward, and a cooling water jacket 35 surrounding a plurality of gas passage pipes 36.

The reservoir 33 is provided with a faucet for removing the collected wood vinegar and tar, and the cooling water jacket 35 is provided with an inlet / outlet for cooling water. Instead of using the combustion furnace 40 for smoke suppression, a smoke suppression switching valve may be provided in the chimney 30 to guide the initial smoke to the smoke burner section.

The exhaust passage 24 of the carbonization furnace 20 is connected to the inlet 41 of the combustion furnace 40 by an induction blower 45 and its piping 46.
Connected through. The induction blower 45 is rotatably driven by a variable speed inverter motor, and controls the rotation speed to control the amount of combustible gas from the carbonization furnace 20A to control the carbonization speed. The pipe 46 is provided with an on-off valve V2.

The interior of the combustion furnace 40 is also made of refractory material, and its inlet 41 has a kerosene burner 4 for igniting gas.
7 (also used as a smoke suppression burner). In addition, a gas flow bypass wall 42 is hung down from the middle part of the ceiling inside the furnace, and while the attracted combustible gas is diverted for 3 to 4 seconds, it is completely burned at 800 ° C. or more and exhaust gas 1 m The dioxin content in ^{3 is} less than 0.1 nanogram. The hanging length of the gas flow bypass wall 42 can be adjusted by adding or removing a refractory material. Gas flow bypass wall 4
Behind 2 is provided a chimney forming an exhaust outlet 43.

The chimney 43 of the combustion furnace 40 is connected to the ignition part 25 of the carbonization furnace 20 from a branch part 44 thereof through a pipe 48 and an on-off valve V3. High temperature exhaust gas with reduced carbonization
0A is supplied to promote steaming. Above the branch portion 44 of the chimney 43, a plug-in plate on-off valve V4 for controlling the return of the high-temperature exhaust gas is provided.

During the return circulation of the high-temperature exhaust gas, the amount of oxygen remaining in the circulating gas is measured to measure the carbonization furnace side wall W.
The two small windows 29 are opened and closed to appropriately control the amount of oxygen. After the completion of the carbonization operation is confirmed from the bottom small window 29, the small window 29 is opened or taken out of the carbonization furnace 20A to be smelted and burnt to burn volatiles. The exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 40 can be appropriately introduced into the inlet 41 and recirculated according to the measurement value of the dioxin measuring device at the base of the chimney 43.

Although the carbonization furnace 20A has a compact structure, it can process a large amount of waste, but this is because solid bulky garbage is solidified into solid organic matter pieces. According to the amount of waste discharged, a plurality of the above-mentioned carbonization devices 1 can be arranged in parallel with the fire extinguishing furnace 50 as shown in FIG. The fire extinguishing furnace 50 is used to extinguish the fire of the finished charcoal in order to increase the operation rate of the carbonization furnace 20A, and the door 51 is closed airtightly.

Between the carbonizing furnace 20A and the fire extinguishing furnace 50, a folding rail R3 movable on a rail R2 and bridging over both furnaces 20A, 50 is provided in a pit 61 in a direction perpendicular to their longitudinal axes. Container delivery carts 65 provided at both ends are provided to control the distribution of the solid organic matter pieces and the movement of the carts to the fire extinguishing furnace 50 without idling. Of course, the container delivery cart 65 also includes the rail R4. The container (container) 10 is configured to be fixed to a cart 15, and can be subjected to transport control integrally with the cart 15.

The solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment.
Instead of A, the solid organic matter carbonizing device 1B of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is also used. The basic concept is the same as the solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus 1A of the first embodiment, and the components having the same operation and structure are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Describing a different configuration, the carbonization furnace 20B is configured such that the upper igniter 25 provided with the kerosene burner 26 has one side wall W2.
And an exhaust passage 24 is formed on the other side wall W3. Further, the installation direction of the combustion furnace 40 is changed. The carbonizing devices 1A and 1B are appropriately selected according to the installation location.

In the case of using wood or bamboo as a raw material which does not cause generation of dioxin, the operation can be performed with the combustion furnace or the induction blower stopped or the configuration can be omitted. Further, the kerosene burners 26 and 47 can be replaced with gas burners. In addition, in the case of a carbonization device dedicated to wood chips and bamboo chips without a combustion furnace, in order to extinguish a large amount of smoke generated at the time of ignition, it is necessary to connect the smoke suppression burner section and the chimney to the exhaust passage via a switching valve. Become.

An outline of the operation of converting waste into solid organic matter pieces is as follows: sewage sludge, night soil sludge, and manure sludge are mixed with crushed paper waste and waste activated carbon generated from waste tires and the like after dehydration with a centrifugal dehydrator. Like the garbage, the garbage is conveyed to a dry garbage silo via a drying device and stored. The waste tire is subjected to dry distillation carbonization as it is or after crushing by the carbonization device as described above, and is mixed with garbage, sewage sludge, and manure sludge.

From each silo for waste plastic, silo for wood chip chips, silo for dry garbage, silo with quantitative feeder for waste plastic and paper waste, the amount of plastic is 70 to 30% by weight, and the others are 30 to 30% by weight. The mixture MW supplied so as to be 70% by weight is temporarily stored in a silo equipped with a metering device. From there, the mixture is supplied to the solidification device via a metering feeder and a conveyor according to the consumption.

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
Then, the mixture is fed to the mixture WM by the spiral bodies 82A and B and compressed while stirring and mixing at 150 ° C. as described later.
It is heated back and forth, the plastic is melted and kneaded into a flowable state, and the fluidized intermediate product is extruded through a perforated plate 85 to form a solid WS consisting of a rod-like or granular organic matter. If the plastic content is the above content, a solid material WS with good shape retention without shape collapse
Is obtained.

In the solidifying device 80, the mixed waste WM is crushed and kneaded by the spirals 82A and 82B, compressed and pulverized by the pressing unit 83 to generate heat, and after being melted, extruded as solid fuel WS by the perforated plate forming unit 85. It is formed. This has a stable calorie, does not generate odor or mold, and is suitable as a fuel for a boiler.

More specifically, the solid fuel forming machine 80 is configured to remove the mixed waste WM containing the plastic injected from the input port 81A at one end, and to take out the mixed waste WM at the other end.
Crushing, kneading, compressing and pulverizing while transporting in the longitudinal direction up to, the temperature is raised by the heat of friction and compression, and the plastic is melted.
A pair of rotating shafts 80S, 80S arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction and driven to rotate in the opposite direction, and spiral bodies 82A, 82B and compressed bodies 83A, 83B attached to each of them.
The casing 81
Abrasion resistant lining 81C removably attached inside
And a perforated plate 85 with a nozzle for solidification at the outlet 81B
It is composed of

The squeezed body constitutes a mortar-shaped squeezed portion 83 for promoting crushing and melting. In the solid fuel molding machine 80, when the calorific value is large and there is a risk of generating chlorine gas, a water supply line can be provided so as to supply water appropriately to suppress a rise in temperature.

[0040]

As is clear from the above description, according to the solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the transportable container in which the solid organic matter pieces such as the wood pieces and the bamboo pieces are put in a laminated state is provided. It is mounted on a trolley and introduced into the carbonization furnace through its openable and closable opening, the opening is sealed, and then the solid organic matter pieces inside the container are ignited from above by the igniting means in the upper part, and are opposed to the igniting means. It is designed to burn down while being exhausted from the lower exhaust passage provided on the side, so that the transportable containers are put together with the carts without any extra space inside the furnace, so the acid It is steamed in the missing state and converted to charcoal. Charcoal is fixed as a lump of carbon, and is used as a fuel and as activated carbon having a wide variety of uses such as soil improvement, river water purification, and deodorization.

The solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces do not contain chlorine and can be carbonized without worrying about the generation of dioxins. If the amount of discharged waste increases, the carbonization apparatus can be configured to be long in the longitudinal direction or can be arranged in parallel to flexibly cope with the carbonization processing capacity.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the chimney can be provided with a condenser for condensing wood vinegar and tar from the exhaust gas, and a large amount of smoke generated at the time of ignition is switched to a smoke eliminating burner. Guided by a valve, deodorized and burned, and when the generation of smoke is reduced, it is guided to a chimney by a switching valve, and it can be used as an insect repellent that can be used for pest control and disinfection of vegetables, fungicide, ham, sausage preservative and deodorant Natural wood vinegar and tar available as fuel are obtained from the condenser.

Further, according to the carbonizing apparatus for solid organic matter according to the third aspect of the present invention, the process and action of obtaining charcoal from the solid organic matter pieces are the same as those of the carbonizing apparatus according to the first aspect,
In particular, when using a solid organic material piece such as a wood piece or a bamboo piece having no concern about the generation of dioxin as a raw material for charcoal, using only a carbonization furnace without using a combustion furnace, the same as the carbonization apparatus according to claim 1 above. Can be used.

In the case of using a solid regenerated fuel containing plastics or a solidified shredder dust which causes the generation of dioxin as a raw material for charcoal, the combustible gas generated during steaming in the carbonization furnace is passed through the exhaust passage of the carbonization furnace to the combustion furnace. Into the furnace and burned completely at 800 ° C. or higher by a burner at the inlet while being diverted by a gas flow diverting wall in the furnace, and reduced the dioxin content in 1 m ^{3 of} exhaust gas to 0.1% by self-combustion. It can be less than nanograms. In that case, the amount of gas generated during carbonization does not require a large amount of air unlike combustion, so even if dioxin is generated during carbonization, the amount of processing gas is small, and the complete combustion described above can be performed with a compact combustion furnace. Can be achieved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the exhaust outlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the ignition means of the carbonization furnace via the opening / closing means, and the amount of oxygen is reduced by complete combustion in the combustion furnace. The high-temperature exhaust gas, which has been reduced, can be supplied to the carbonization furnace to promote steaming.

According to the apparatus for carbonizing solid organic matter according to the fifth aspect, between the exhaust outlet of the carbonizing furnace and the inlet of the combustion furnace, the flammable gas of the carbonizing furnace is attracted and supplied to the combustion furnace. A blower is provided, and by controlling the rotation speed of the induction blower, the carbonization rate of the solid organic matter in the carbonization furnace can be controlled.

According to the apparatus for carbonizing solid organic matter according to the present invention, the carbonization furnace is disposed so that the openable and closable opening faces the fire extinguishing furnace in which the rail is laid, and the carbonizing furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace In between, there is provided a container delivery cart having folding rails movable in a direction orthogonal to them and bridging over the two furnaces, and a plurality of carbonizing furnaces and a fire extinguishing furnace corresponding to the amount of waste discharged are provided. The solid organic matter pieces can be distributed without idling by a container delivery cart that can be juxtaposed and movable in an orthogonal direction between the carbonizing furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace.

According to the solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus of the present invention, the carbonizing furnace is provided with a refining combustion air supply hole which can be opened and closed on the side wall. Can be done and the quality of charcoal can be increased. Also, the installation of another smelting furnace can be omitted.

According to the carbonization apparatus for solid organic matter according to the eighth aspect, the carriage can be provided with a container for loading the material to be carbonized, and the transportation of each carriage can be controlled without loading and unloading the container.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a condenser for collecting wood vinegar and tar mounted on the apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a plurality of carbonizing apparatuses arranged for mass waste disposal.

FIG. 4 is a side view of an apparatus for carbonizing solid organic matter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the carbonization device.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a solidification device for producing solid fuel from organic waste.

FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view of the solidifying device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A, 1B Solid organic matter carbonization device 10 Transportable container 11 Gas permeable side wall 15 Cart 20A, 20B Carbonization furnace 21 Opening 24 Exhaust passage 25 Ignition part 30 Chimney 40 Combustion furnace 41 Inlet part 42 Gas flow bypass wall 43 Condenser 45 Induction blower 47 Burner 50 Fire extinguishing furnace 65 Container distribution trolley 1, R3 rail

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] March 23, 1999

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0006

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and has a wide variety of uses such as soil improvement, river water purification, and deodorization. It can be efficiently produced from system waste, uses less oxygen by steaming, has a relatively compact structure that can accommodate the net processed material without extra space, and is a scale for the amount of waste discharged. Although it is possible to respond flexibly, the smoke generated in a large amount at the time of ignition is guided to the smoke suppression burner part by the switching valve, the smoke is combusted, and when the generation of smoke is reduced, the smoke is guided to the chimney by the switching valve, Insect repellents that can be used for insect pest control and disinfection of vegetables, wood vinegar liquid that can be used as a preservative and deodorant for fungicides and hams and sausages, and tar that can be used as fuel are obtained from the condenser. Prevention And its object is to provide a carbonization apparatus of solid organic matter that can easily measure the pollution-free of.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0007

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbonization apparatus for solid organic matter, wherein the solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces are gas-passed so as to be accommodated in a stacked state. The inside of the furnace, which is formed of a refractory material, has a cross-sectional shape substantially conforming to the outer shape of the container, is formed of a refractory material, and is openable and closable for opening and closing the container; And a carbonization furnace provided with a lower exhaust passage provided on the opposite side of the ignition means, and a movable member on a rail laid through the opening inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace, and It is composed of a low carriage that can be mounted, and solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces are put in a stacked state in the transportable container mounted on the carriage, and extra space is generated inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace. Insert the whole trolley above and close the opening By igniting the upper part of the solid organic matter piece in the container by the ignition means of the upper part, to progress the carbonization from the upper part to the lower part while steaming in an oxygen-deficient state to the lower part to obtain a carbide, the exhaust passage is The switch is connected to a smoke-suppressing burner section and a chimney via a switching valve, and the chimney is characterized by having a condenser for condensing wood vinegar and tar from exhaust gas.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0008

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Therefore, in the carbonizing apparatus for solid organic matter according to the first aspect of the present invention, the transportable container loaded with the solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces in a stacked state is mounted on a trolley and placed in the carbonization furnace. Is introduced from the opening which can be opened and closed, and the opening is sealed. Thereafter, the solid organic matter pieces inside the container are ignited from above by the ignition means in the upper part and burn down to the lower part while being exhausted from the lower exhaust passage provided on the opposite side of the ignition means, but into the furnace. Since the transportable container is put in the carriage without any extra space, it is converted into charcoal by being steamed in an oxygen-deficient state. Therefore, carbonization requires a small amount of air, a low temperature, and a small amount of nitrogen oxides. In addition, a large amount of smoke generated at the time of ignition is guided to a smoke-suppressing burner by a switching valve, and the smoke is combusted. When the generation of smoke is reduced, the switching valve is used to guide the smoke to a chimney, which can be used for extermination and disinfection of vegetables. A wood vinegar solution that can be used as a disinfectant, a preservative or deodorant for ham and sausage, and tar that can be used as fuel are obtained from the condenser.

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0010

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, the solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, which achieves the above object, comprises a solid organic waste piece such as a waste wood piece and a waste tire, and an organic material containing various types of plastic waste and paper waste. Mix and consolidate viscous organic wastes such as system wastes, shredder dust, and manure sludge, and store organic waste pieces such as solid regenerated fuel or shredder dust molded solids obtained in a stacked state. A transportable container formed by a gas-permeable side wall, and a somewhat large furnace interior having a cross-sectional shape substantially matching the outer shape of the container, formed of a refractory material, and an openable and closable opening for taking in and out of the container. A carbonization furnace having an upper ignition section and a lower exhaust passage provided on the opposite side of the ignition section,
A burner connected to the exhaust passage and configured to burn a combustible gas introduced from the carbonization furnace at an inlet portion, a gas flow bypass wall is provided in the furnace, and a combustion furnace that discharges exhaust gas from an outlet portion to the atmosphere. A low truck movable on a rail laid through the opening inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace and capable of mounting the container, wherein the transportable container mounted on the truck has a piece of wood. And the solid organic matter pieces of bamboo pieces are put in a stacked state, and the bogie is put in a state where no extra space is generated inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace and the opening is sealed, and the opening portion is sealed by the ignition means of the upper part. The upper portion of the solid organic matter is ignited, carbonization proceeds from the upper portion to the lower portion while being roasted in an oxygen-deficient state, and carbonized to the lower portion to obtain carbides. Exhaust gas 1m by complete combustion at higher
³ , characterized in that the dioxin content is less than 0.1 nanogram.

[Procedure amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0012

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Therefore, in the carbonizing apparatus for solid organic matter according to the second aspect having the above structure, the process and action of obtaining charcoal from the solid organic matter pieces are the same as those of the carbonizing apparatus according to the first aspect, and in particular, dioxin. When a solid organic material piece such as a wood piece or a bamboo piece is used as a raw material for charcoal, which can be used as a carbonization apparatus without using a combustion furnace, only a carbonization furnace can be used. .

[Procedure amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0014

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the exhaust outlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the ignition means of the carbonization furnace through an opening / closing means, and the high temperature of which the amount of oxygen is reduced by the complete combustion in the combustion furnace is reduced. Exhaust gas can be supplied to the carbonization furnace to promote roasting.

[Procedure amendment 9]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0015

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an induction blower is provided between the exhaust outlet of the carbonization furnace and the entrance of the combustion furnace, for inducing the combustible gas of the carbonization furnace and supplying the combustible gas to the combustion furnace. By controlling the rotation speed of the induction blower, the carbonization speed of solid organic matter in the carbonization furnace can be controlled.

[Procedure amendment 10]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0016

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the carbonizing furnace is disposed with the openable and closable opening facing the fire extinguishing furnace in which the rail is laid inside, and between the carbonizing furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace. A container delivery trolley equipped with folding rails that can move in the direction perpendicular to them and that bridges both furnaces is provided, and multiple carbonization furnaces are arranged in parallel with the fire extinguisher in accordance with the amount of waste discharged The solid organic matter can be distributed without idling by a container delivery truck movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction between the carbonization furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace.

[Procedure amendment 11]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0017

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the carbonization furnace has a smelting combustion air supply hole which can be opened and closed on a side wall, and the air supply hole is opened at the end of carbonization so that smelting can be performed in the carbonization furnace. The quality of charcoal can be improved. Also, the installation of another smelting furnace can be omitted.

[Procedure amendment 12]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0018

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0018] As described in claim 7, the truck can be provided with a container for loading the material to be carbonized, and the transport management for each truck can be performed without loading and unloading the container.

[Procedure amendment 13]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0040

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0040]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the solid organic matter carbonizing apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the transportable container in which the solid organic matter pieces such as the wood pieces and the bamboo pieces are put in a laminated state is: It is mounted on a trolley and introduced into the carbonization furnace through its openable and closable opening, the opening is sealed, and then the solid organic matter pieces inside the container are ignited from above by the igniting means in the upper part, and are opposed to the igniting means. It is designed to burn down while being exhausted from the lower exhaust passage provided on the side, so that the transportable containers are put together with the carts without any extra space inside the furnace, so the acid It is steamed in the missing state and converted to charcoal. Charcoal is fixed as a lump of carbon, and is used as a fuel and as activated carbon having a wide variety of uses such as soil improvement, river water purification, and deodorization. In addition, a large amount of smoke generated at the time of ignition is guided to a smoke-suppressing burner by a switching valve, and the smoke is combusted. When the generation of smoke is reduced, the switching valve is used to guide the smoke to a chimney, which can be used for extermination and disinfection of vegetables. A wood vinegar solution that can be used as a disinfectant, a preservative or deodorant for ham and sausage, and tar that can be used as fuel are obtained from the condenser.

[Procedure amendment 14]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0042

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 15]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0043

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, according to the carbonizing apparatus for solid organic matter according to the second aspect of the present invention, the process and action of obtaining charcoal from the solid organic matter pieces are the same as those of the carbonizing apparatus according to the first aspect,
In particular, when using a solid organic material piece such as a wood piece or a bamboo piece having no concern about the generation of dioxin as a raw material for charcoal, using only a carbonization furnace without using a combustion furnace, the same as the carbonization apparatus according to claim 1 above. Can be used.

[Procedure amendment 16]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0045

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the exhaust outlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the ignition means of the carbonization furnace through the opening / closing means. The high-temperature exhaust gas, which has been reduced, can be supplied to the carbonization furnace to promote steaming.

[Procedure amendment 17]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0046

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the apparatus for carbonizing solid organic matter according to the fourth aspect, between the exhaust outlet of the carbonizing furnace and the inlet of the combustion furnace, the flammable gas of the carbonizing furnace is attracted and supplied to the combustion furnace. A blower is provided, and by controlling the rotation speed of the induction blower, the carbonization rate of the solid organic matter in the carbonization furnace can be controlled.

[Procedure amendment 18]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0047

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the apparatus for carbonizing solid organic matter according to the fifth aspect, the carbonizing furnace is disposed with the openable and closable opening facing the fire extinguisher with the rail laid therein, and the carbonizing furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace In between, there is provided a container delivery cart having folding rails movable in a direction orthogonal to them and bridging over the two furnaces, and a plurality of carbonizing furnaces and a fire extinguishing furnace corresponding to the amount of waste discharged are provided. The solid organic matter pieces can be distributed without idling by a container delivery cart that can be juxtaposed and movable in an orthogonal direction between the carbonizing furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace.

[Procedure amendment 19]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0048

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the apparatus for carbonizing solid organic matter according to the sixth aspect, the carbonization furnace has a refining combustion air supply hole which can be opened and closed on the side wall, and when the carbonization is completed, the air supply hole is opened to perform refining in the carbonization furnace. Can be done and the quality of charcoal can be increased. Also, the installation of another smelting furnace can be omitted.

[Procedure amendment 20]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0049

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the carbonizing device for solid organic matter according to the seventh aspect, the carriage can be provided with a container for loading the material to be carbonized, and the transportation of each carriage can be controlled without loading and unloading the container.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A transportable container formed of gas-permeable side walls for accommodating solid organic material pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces in a laminated state, and a furnace having a slightly larger cross-sectional shape substantially matching the outer shape of the vessel. An inner portion formed of a refractory material, a carbonization furnace having an openable and closable opening for taking in and out of the container, an upper ignition section, and a lower exhaust passage provided on the opposite side of the ignition section. A low carriage movable on a rail laid through the opening inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace and capable of mounting the container, wherein the transportable container mounted on the carriage includes Solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces are put in a stacked state, and the cart is put together with the carriage in a state where no extra space is created inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace, and the opening is sealed. Ignite the top of the piece of solid organic matter A carbonization apparatus for solid organic matter, characterized in that carbonization proceeds from the upper part to the lower part while being roasted in an oxygen-deficient state while carbonizing to the lower part to obtain a carbide. 2. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust passage is connected to a smoke-suppressing burner and a chimney via a switching valve, and the chimney includes a condenser for condensing wood vinegar and tar from exhaust gas. apparatus. 3. Kneading solid organic waste pieces such as waste wood pieces and waste tires, organic waste containing various types of plastic waste and paper waste, and viscous organic waste such as shredder dust and manure sludge. A transportable container formed of gas-permeable side walls so as to accommodate a solid regenerated fuel obtained by consolidation or an organic waste piece such as a shredder dust solidified product in a stacked state; The inside of the furnace, which has a slightly larger cross-sectional shape and is somewhat large, is formed of a refractory material, an opening and closing opening for opening and closing the container, ignition means on the upper part, and a lower part provided on the opposite side of the ignition means. An exhaust passage, and a burner connected to the exhaust passage for burning combustible gas introduced from the carbonization furnace at an inlet portion, a gas flow bypass wall in the furnace, and an exhaust outlet. Department And a low carriage movable on a rail laid through the opening inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace and capable of mounting the container. The solid organic matter pieces such as wood pieces and bamboo pieces are put in a stacked state in the transportable container mounted on the above, and the cart is put together with the cart in a state where no extra space is generated inside the furnace of the carbonization furnace, and the opening is sealed, The upper part of the solid organic matter piece in the container is ignited by the upper part ignition means, carbonization proceeds to the lower part while steaming in an oxygen-deficient state from the upper part to the lower part to obtain a carbide, and the combustible gas gasified in the meantime Wherein the dioxin content in 1 m ^{3 of} exhaust gas is reduced to less than 0.1 nanograms by introducing into the combustion furnace and burning completely at 800 ° C. or higher. 4. An exhaust outlet of the combustion furnace is connected to an ignition means of the carbonization furnace via an opening / closing means, and supplies high-temperature exhaust gas having a reduced amount of oxygen to the carbonization furnace to provide the steaming. The carbonization device according to claim 3, wherein the carbonization is promoted. 5. An induction blower for attracting combustible gas from the carbonization furnace and supplying the combustible gas to the combustion furnace is provided between an exhaust outlet of the carbonization furnace and an inlet of the combustion furnace. 3. The carbonizing device according to 3. 6. The carbonization furnace is arranged with a fire extinguisher with a rail laid therein and openable and closable openings facing each other, and a space between the carbonization furnace and the fire extinguishing furnace is orthogonal to them. 4. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a container delivery truck provided with a folding rail movable in a direction and bridging the two furnaces. 7. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization furnace has a smelting combustion air supply hole that can be opened and closed on a side wall. 8. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cart includes a container for loading the material to be carbonized.