JPH11235395A - Fire extinguishing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire extinguishing method whereby fires can be surely extinguished in a short time through the combination of the flame blowing effect of blasts and impact waves and the instantaneous cooling and suffocating effect of instantaneous atomization of an incombustible liquid by normally holding an explosive safely, and, in the event of a fire, causing the explosive to explode within the incombustible liquid near a firing point. SOLUTION: An explosive 13 is placed in a layer of incombustible powders or incombustible liquid 11 and exploded near a firing point to generate an inert gas through the explosion and to atomize the incombustible powders or incombustible liquid 11. The inert gas and the atomized incombustible powders or incombustible liquid are spread over a wide area around the firing point to extinguish flames.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for extinguishing a flame such as a fire, and more particularly to a method of extinguishing an explosive to keep the flame away from combustibles by the blast and thereby obtain the effect of extinguishing the fire, and at the same time, miniaturize it. The fired non-flammable liquid or extinguishing agent reaches the vicinity of the flame, deprives the flame of heat energy and extinguishes the fire. The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method for covering a combustible material to prevent re-combustion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a fire extinguishing method using explosives, particularly explosives, there is known a fire extinguishing method in which an explosive is directly detonated and a flame is blown out by a blast or a shock wave, typically for extinguishing an oilfield fire. In such a fire extinguishing method, the instantaneous suffocation effect also contributes to fire extinguishing.

In general, the following three items can be cited as a method of extinguishing a flame, and extinguishing is possible if any one of the following items is achieved.

[0004] The flame is separated from the burning combustibles and kept away.

[0005] The combustibles around the fire point are prevented from being liquefied and vaporized by receiving the energy from the flame to change into a combustible gas (cooling effect).

[0006] Oxygen around the fire point is cut off (asphyxiation effect).

Generally, in the event of a fire, the combustibles around the flame receive energy from the flame, liquefy and vaporize, become flammable gas, ignite and burn, and the flame continues. The combustibles at this time are liquefied
The energy required to evaporate into flammable gas is called activation energy.

At the time of a fire, water is discharged to the flame to try to extinguish the fire because water is evaporated around the fire point, the heat energy of the flame is taken away by the latent heat of evaporation of the water, and the energy is reduced to less than the activation energy. The purpose is to prevent the combustible material from being gasified (cooling effect).

However, the water sprayed around the flame by the water discharge rarely contributes to the fire extinguishing effectively, and most of the water only has a function of wetting around the flame. For example, about 8mm in diameter,
When burning a model made of wood (chopped chopsticks) with a length of about 200 mm in a 10-girder form, the theoretically necessary water amount is estimated to be about 7.3 g / s, and it is estimated that fire can be extinguished, but actual sprinklers are used. Fire extinguishing equipment requires more than 20 times the amount of water. This means that only a small part of the released water evaporates near the flame and contributes to fire extinguishing, and most other water wets the floor without contributing to fire extinguishing (water discharged The secondary damage caused by water that does not contribute to fire extinguishing is called flood damage.)

[0010] Naturally, damage from fire and toxic gas at the time of fire is natural, but in recent years computerization in offices and hospitals has progressed, and secondary damage (water damage) during fire extinguishing activities has become serious, resulting in water damage. Fire extinguishing methods with less noise are required. As a fire extinguishing method with less water loss, there is a fog extinguishing device that sprays extremely fine droplets (fog) against a flame. This increases the surface area of water per unit water volume by reducing the particle size of water, increases the fog evaporation rate, reduces the total water used by evaporating more water at the flash point, It is aimed at loss.

As a fire extinguishing method that does not use water, for example, in a closed space such as a computer room, the room is filled with an inert gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen to reduce the oxygen concentration, thereby attempting to extinguish the fire by suffocation. Equipment is being developed. In addition, there is known a fire extinguishing method in which an explosive is directly exploded in the vicinity of a flame and the flame is blown out by a blast or a shock wave for a large-scale fire such as an inflammable substance having a flash point lower than room temperature such as an oil field fire. In this fire extinguishing method, the effect of keeping the flame away from combustibles and the instantaneous suffocation effect also contribute to the fire extinguishing.

As a method of indirectly utilizing the explosion pressure, attention has been paid to the transfer function by deflagration,
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 66-66 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 55-70270, explosives in a high-pressure tank are used to obtain the discharge pressure of a fire extinguishing agent to a fire point.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-91596, there has been proposed an apparatus for using a fire extinguishing agent to obtain a firing force for transporting a bullet to a fire point. Further, as disclosed in JP-A-2-3600, a fire extinguisher capsule is ruptured to expose the fire extinguishing agent to a fire point.

[0013]

Various problems have been pointed out in the conventional fire extinguishing method with small water loss. First, when using a fog fire extinguisher, it is very difficult for the sprayed fog to evaporate before arriving at the fire point due to heat radiation from the flame, or to reach the fire point due to heat convection around the flame. , It is difficult to obtain the effect of fire extinguishing. Therefore, even if fog is used in combination with a high-speed airflow or the like in order to enhance the ability to reach the fire point, the airflow entrains the surrounding oxygen and conversely the momentum of the flame increases. Even if carbon dioxide or nitrogen, which is an inert gas, is used for the airflow, the entrainment of peripheral oxygen similarly increases the intensity of the flame. Also, in a choking fire extinguisher that fills a closed space with carbon dioxide and nitrogen, there is a concern about the danger of oxygen poisoning due to carbon dioxide poisoning to the human body and a decrease in oxygen concentration.

Further, in the conventional fire extinguishing system utilizing the explosion phenomenon, after the explosion, the fire is instantaneously moved away from the combustible material to extinguish the fire, or the fire is extinguished locally as an oxygen-deficient space.
There was a concern that the surrounding oxygen would flow back to the original fire point and the combustibles would re-combust. Also, the explosion reaction itself is dangerous to the human body,
From the viewpoint of safety, fires targeted for fire extinguishing were very limited.

[0015] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and eliminates the above-mentioned problems, normally holds an explosive safely, and sets a fire extinguishing agent (for example, water) near a fire point when a fire occurs. By exploding the explosive at, after the explosion reaction, expansion of the gas keeps the flame away from combustible materials around the fire point,
By causing a local suffocation effect around the fire point and, at the same time, causing the extinguishing agent (eg, water) around the explosive to become fine (fog) while reaching the fire point by the explosion reaction, it is very short and effective over a wide area. Spray a fire extinguisher (eg, water) over time to extinguish the fire by depriving the heat energy of the flame, as well as providing a suffocating effect with water vapor, and extinguishing combustibles after the fire is extinguished (eg, water).
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire extinguishing method in which the possibility of relapse is prevented by covering.

Further, according to the present invention, a fire extinguishing agent (eg, water) can be atomized and reached in a wide range in the vicinity of a fire point, the fire can be extinguished with a very small amount of water, the water loss is small, and the fire is extinguished only by a blast. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing method that requires less amount of explosives and less danger to humans than a method of causing the fire to be applied to various kinds of fires.

[0017]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, an explosive is disposed in a non-combustible powder or non-combustible liquid layer, and the explosive is exploded near a fire point. Let
The explosion generates an inert gas and atomizes the incombustible powder or liquid, and the inert gas and the atomized incombustible powder or liquid are scattered over a wide range around the flash point. A fire extinguishing method characterized by causing a fire.

The invention described in claim 2 is the same as the invention described in claim 1.
In the fire extinguishing method described in the above, the non-flammable liquid layer is obtained by wetting the non-flammable liquid in an absorbent.

Further, the invention described in claim 3 is the first invention.
In the fire extinguishing method described in the above, the nonflammable liquid layer is obtained by mixing a powder fire extinguisher into the nonflammable liquid.

The invention described in claim 4 is the first invention.
The method for extinguishing a fire according to any one of the first to third aspects, characterized in that a detonation source of the explosive is a fire flame.

The invention described in claim 5 is the first invention.
In the fire extinguishing method described above, a flame sensor is provided for the explosive, and when the explosive reaches a certain distance from the flame, the explosive itself is detonated.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of an explosive fire extinguisher for carrying out the fire extinguishing method of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a ball-shaped soft plastic container, and the inside of the container 10 is filled with a nonflammable liquid 11 such as water. A ball-shaped hard plastic container 12 is disposed in the layer of the nonflammable liquid 11, and an explosive 13 is filled in the container 12, and an igniting agent 14 is provided in the center of the explosive 13. Is filled.

One end of a high speed squib 16 penetrating a plastic pipe 15 is connected to the igniter 14, and the other end of the high squib 16 is connected to an igniter 17 mounted on the outer surface of the container 10. I have. The plastic pipe 15 is used to shield the high-speed squib 16 from the nonflammable liquid 11. In order to guide the fire ignited by the igniter 17 to the explosive 13 by the high-speed squib 16, the plastic pipe 15 is used. Must have an inner diameter of 1 mm or more.

In the explosive fire extinguisher having the above structure, the ignition charge 1
By igniting the explosive 13, the fire propagates through the fast squib 16, and the ignition charge 14 is disposed in the center of the explosive 13.
The explosive 13 explodes by igniting. Due to the generation and diffusion of the inert gas generated by the explosion and the blast, the hard plastic container 12 explodes into fine pieces and diffuses, thereby destroying the soft plastic container 10. The nonflammable liquid 11 filled in the container 10 is instantaneously atomized and dispersed by the gas diffusion and the blast.

Accordingly, the explosive fire extinguisher having the above structure is placed near the fire point at the time of the fire, and the explosive 13 is exploded, so that the flame is blown out by the diffusion of the inert gas and the blast generated at that time. The atomized nonflammable liquid covers the combustibles remaining after the blown-out flame. As a result, not only can the flame be blown out by the explosion of the explosive 13, but also if fresh air containing sufficient oxygen is blown into the vicinity of the original fire point again, it will be covered with the finely divided nonflammable liquid and will reignite. Disappears.

As the explosive 13, an explosive such as “nitrocellulose” or “sodium azide + CuO” is used. As the igniting agent 14 and the igniting agent 17, for example, “boron + lead peroxide” and "Trisinate" or the like is used. In order to cause the explosive to ignite and explode, an amount of the igniter 14 of 1 to 10% of its weight is required. Further, when the explosive 13 explodes, the container of the hard plastic container 12 is destroyed. However, if the explosion cracks first, the gas generated by the explosion tends to proceed in that direction. Since the effect of making the particles fine is less likely to occur, the container 12 is provided with a large number of uniform grooves in order to prevent it, so that the container 12 can be broken into uniform fine pieces.

As described above, by providing the igniting agent 17 on the outer surface of the container 10, if a fire extinguisher is in the flame at the time of a fire, the igniting agent 17 is ignited by the flame and the high-speed squib 16 is connected. The explosives 13 will ignite and explode through the fire, so simply by suspending the fire extinguisher like a lantern at the place where the fire occurred, the explosives 13 will automatically explode, blow out the flames, and be nonflammable. The liquid 11 is atomized, and the combustible material remaining after blowing out the flame with the atomized nonflammable liquid 11 is covered.

The explosive fire extinguisher having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is an example for carrying out the fire extinguishing method of the present invention, and is not limited to this. For example, fill a thin latex capsule with a liquid fire extinguisher such as water,
The structure which suspends an explosive at the center may be sufficient. In short, any structure may be used as long as an explosive is arranged in the nonflammable liquid layer and the explosive is exploded so that the nonflammable liquid can be instantaneously atomized. Further, the present invention is not limited to the non-combustible liquid layer, and may be a non-combustible powder layer.

The water or nonflammable liquid used in the explosion-extinguishing method of the present invention may be in the form of a jelly made of water-absorbing polymer or the like. In this case, the explosive is insulated with a nonflammable liquid fire extinguishing agent and can be stored safely. Explosives can be made to explode in a nonflammable liquid by electricity using an igniter. When an explosive is used as an explosive, it can be used indoors if the amount of the explosive is adjusted. The direction and power of the blast may be adjusted according to the location and shape of the installation location.

With the above structure, when an explosion occurs near the fire point at the time of a fire, the non-combustible liquid such as water is instantaneously atomized by the impact. At this time, the amount of heat generated during the explosion does not evaporate much in the case of water, so it is not the suffocation effect of the generated vapor, but the suffocation effect accompanying the expansion of the explosive reaction gas and the sustained generation of the particulate incombustible liquid. Achieve reliable fire suppression by effective cooling.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an experimental example for confirming the effect of the fire extinguishing method. Cylindrical plastic (PE
T) 200 ml of water 21 is placed in a container 20 made of
A plastic (PET) container 23 containing 4 g of the black powder 22 is disposed in the center of 1. In addition, as shown in FIG.
The nichrome wire 25 connected to the end of the wire is arranged.

The container 20 was suspended 60 cm above the flame 26, and a current was applied to the nichrome wire 25 via the coated copper wire 24 to explode the black powder 22. Due to this explosion, the mist of water 21 covered the flame 26 with a diameter of 2 m or more, and the flame 26 was extinguished.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a fire extinguishing system for implementing the fire extinguishing method of the present invention. As shown in the figure, for example, an explosive extinguisher 30 having a configuration as shown in FIG. 1 (provided that an explosive is configured to explode by applying electricity using an igniter) is provided on a ceiling, for example. Hang them evenly at intervals. Then, the upper explosive extinguisher 30 closest to the point where the flame 26 is generated is selected, and the selected explosive extinguisher 30 is detonated, whereby the mist of the nonflammable liquid in the explosive extinguisher 30 is scattered, and the flame 26 To extinguish the flame 26.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a system flow of fire detection and extinguishing by the management device 32 for operating the fire extinguishing system of FIG. First, heat, smoke, ultraviolet rays, and the like are detected by a sensor (not shown, for example, provided at each location of the explosive extinguisher 30) (step ST1). It is determined whether the detection output exceeds a specified value (step ST).
2) If it exceeds the specified value, it is recognized that a fire has occurred (step ST3). Subsequently, the position of the fire occurrence is specified (for example, the fire position is specified based on which position of the sensor output has exceeded the specified value) (step ST).
4).

After the location of the fire is specified, the explosive extinguisher 30 to be exploded is specified (step ST5), and it is determined whether or not a person is in the affected area (step ST6). If a person is present, an alarm is issued (step ST6). Step ST7) If there is no or no people, the selected explosive extinguisher 30
Is exploded (step ST8), and exploded and extinguished (step ST9).

[0036]

As described above, according to the invention described in each claim, an explosive is arranged in a non-combustible powder or non-combustible liquid layer, and the explosive is exploded near a fire point. The explosion generates an inert gas, atomizes the non-combustible powder or liquid, and scatters the inert gas and the atomized non-flammable powder or liquid over a wide range around the ignition point. Therefore, the flame is blown off with a blast, and after the blow-off, it is covered with an inert gas and atomized incombustible powder or incombustible liquid. Combines the effect of blowing out flames by blast and shock waves, and the effect of instantaneous cooling and suffocation by inert gas and atomized non-combustible powder or non-combustible liquid, enabling a short and reliable fire suppression. The excellent effect that can be expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of an explosive fire extinguisher used in the fire extinguishing method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an experimental configuration example of a fire extinguishing method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a black powder ignition device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a fire extinguishing system that implements the fire extinguishing method of the present invention.

5 is a diagram showing a system flow of fire detection and extinguishing for operating the fire extinguishing system shown in FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Soft plastic container 11 Nonflammable liquid 12 Hard plastic container 13 Explosive 14 Explosive 15 Plastic pipe 16 High-speed fuse 17 Explosive 20 Plastic container 21 Water 22 Black powder 23 Plastic container 24 Coating Copper wire 25 Nichrome wire 26 Flame 30 Explosive fire extinguisher 32 Control device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (72) Inventor Masanori Aoki 4-2-1 Motofujisawa, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Ebara Research Institute, Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasushi Furuya 4-2-2 Motofujisawa, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture No. 1 Inside Ebara Research Institute, Ltd. (72) Naoki Tsuchiya 4-2-1 Motofujisawa, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture No. 2 1-1 Inside Ebara Research Institute, Ltd. Satoshi Matsumura 4-chome Motofujisawa, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture No. 2 in EBARA Research Institute, Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] An explosive is disposed in a non-combustible powder or non-combustible liquid layer, the explosive is exploded in the vicinity of a fire point, an inert gas is generated by the explosion, and the non-combustible powder or A fire extinguishing method, comprising: atomizing a nonflammable liquid; and scattering the inert gas and the atomized nonflammable powder or nonflammable liquid over a wide range around a fire point. 2. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the nonflammable liquid layer is formed by wetting a nonflammable liquid in an absorbent. 3. The non-flammable liquid layer includes a non-flammable liquid in a non-flammable liquid.
The fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein a powder extinguishing agent is mixed. 4. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the detonation source of the explosive is a fire flame. 5. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein a flame sensor is provided for the explosive, and when the explosive is at a certain distance from the flame, the explosive itself is detonated.