JPH11232587A - Detecting device, vehicle measuring instrument, axle detecting device, and pass charge calculating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a detecting device which is easily installed and maintained and high in precision and can detect an object such as a tire. SOLUTION: The photodetection position of photodetected reflected light is different among a case wherein light is projected on a road surface 12 on which a vehicle 4 is absent, a case wherein the light is projected on a tire 15 of the vehicle 44 on the road surface 12, and a case wherein the light is projected on the body 17 of the vehicle 14 on the road surface 12, so reference position data corresponding to the object of detection is previously stored and position data on a measured reflection point is compared with the stored reference position data to decide that the object of detection is present when both the position data are sufficiently similar to each other.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a detecting device suitable for detecting an object such as a tire (axle) of a vehicle, a vehicle measuring device and an axle detecting device using the same, and a toll calculating device. More specifically, a detecting device, a vehicle measuring device, and an axle detecting device suitable for a toll collection system that detects an axle of a vehicle on a toll road, a toll parking lot, and the like, determines a vehicle type based on the axle, and receives a toll. And toll calculation device

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a toll collection system for a toll road, a toll parking lot, or the like, the type of a passing vehicle is determined, and a fee is collected according to the type of the vehicle. As a method of automatically discriminating a vehicle type, there is a method of detecting the number of axes of a vehicle (the number of tires in a traveling direction) and discriminating from the number of axes.

A conventional axle detecting device of this type is one in which a tread is buried in a road and the axle is detected by turning on / off a tread switch. There is one that is detected by recognition processing (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 3-260897).

[0004]

Among the above-described conventional axle detecting devices, those using a tread switch require that the tread be buried in the road, so that when the equipment is installed, the vehicle must be closed for a long time. It is difficult to use on expressways that have toll gates installed in viaducts. In addition, since the measurement with the tread is a contact method performed by pressing the tire, the service life is extremely short, and there is a problem that the tread needs to be periodically replaced during the operation period.

In the method of reading an image of a vehicle with a camera and recognizing the outline of the tire by image processing, it is difficult to recognize the boundary between the tire and other vehicle parts and the road surface, and the image processing is extremely accurate. There is a problem that is required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a detector which can be easily installed and maintained, can detect an object such as a tire with high accuracy, and a vehicle measuring device using the same. It is an object to provide an axle detection device and a toll calculation device.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detecting device for projecting a predetermined pattern of light to an object, a light receiving device for receiving the reflected light, and a light receiving position of the received reflected light. Position data calculating means for calculating the position data according to, and storage means for storing the reference position data corresponding to the object in advance, the calculated position data and the reference position data stored in advance The object is detected by the comparison.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the detection apparatus according to the first aspect.
In the configuration of, comprises a plurality of light receiving means whose light receiving surfaces face different directions, the plurality of light receiving means,
It includes a light receiving means facing the detection device and a light receiving means facing far away.

A third aspect of the present invention provides a detection apparatus according to the first aspect.
In the configuration of or 2, the apparatus further includes a case in which at least the light projecting means and the light receiving means are housed, the case has a concave portion which is depressed inward, and the light projecting means and the light receiving means are provided with the concave part. Light is projected and received through an optical window installed in the unit.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the detection apparatus according to the first aspect.
In any one of the constitutions (1) to (3), the light projection direction of the light projecting means is inclined with respect to the moving direction of the object so as not to be orthogonal to the moving direction of the object.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the detection apparatus according to the first aspect.
In any one of the constitutions (1) to (4), detection period measuring means for measuring a period during which the object is detected, speed detecting means for detecting the speed of the object, speed of the detected object and the detected detection Size calculating means for calculating the size of the object from the period.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle measuring apparatus, comprising: a detecting device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects; and a road surface and a vehicle body position data obtained by the detecting device. Height measuring means for measuring the height from the vehicle to the body of the vehicle.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an axle detecting apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, and a detecting interval for measuring a detecting interval of an axle as an object detected by the detecting apparatus. The vehicle includes a measuring means, a vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a vehicle speed, and a shaft distance calculating means for calculating a shaft distance from the detected vehicle speed and the measured axle detection interval.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an axle detecting device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, and an axle for measuring the number of axles based on detection outputs of the vehicle and the axle from the detecting device. Number counting means.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided
A detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and a fee calculating means for calculating a vehicle toll based on axle data detected by the detecting device.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, reference position data corresponding to an object to be detected such as a tire is stored in advance, and position data calculated from a light receiving position of the received reflected light; Since the object is detected by comparing with the reference position data, installation and maintenance are easy, and the object can be detected with high accuracy.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of light receiving means corresponding to at least the near position and the far position are provided, the object can be reliably detected in a wide detection range.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the optical window is provided in the recess of the case, it is difficult for rain and mud to adhere to the optical window, and it is difficult for ambient light to enter. Can be detected with high accuracy.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the light projecting direction by the light projecting means is set so as to be inclined with respect to the moving direction of the object so as not to be orthogonal to the moving direction of the object, the light projecting means is provided for other than the object. The effect of the reflected stray light can be reduced.

According to the present invention, the size of the object can be detected from the detection period during which the object is detected and the speed of the object.

According to the present invention, the height from the road surface to the body of the vehicle can be detected based on both the position data of the road surface and the position data of the vehicle body obtained by the detection device of the present invention.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the axial distance can be detected by the detection interval of the axle and the vehicle speed detected by the detection device of the present invention.

According to the present invention, the number of axles of the vehicle can be detected based on the vehicle and the axle detected by the detecting device of the present invention.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to determine the vehicle type based on the axle data detected by the detection device of the present invention and calculate the toll for the vehicle.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an axle detecting device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention is installed at a tollgate.

The axle detecting device 1 of this embodiment is provided near an entrance on an island 3 where a booth 2 of a tollgate is installed. Is detected as described later.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the axle detecting device 1, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration thereof.

The axle detecting device 1 of this embodiment includes a light projecting module 5 which scans the road surface 12 or the vehicle 4 with a light beam in a direction transverse to the road, that is, perpendicularly to the traveling direction of the vehicle 4. A light receiving module 6 for receiving a reflected light beam of the scanned light beam and calculating a light quantity center of gravity, and a distance and direction from a light flux spot applied to a road surface or a vehicle to a light receiving optical system by triangulation from the light quantity center of gravity, Calculates the position corresponding to the reflection point reflected by the road surface or the vehicle, converts the coordinates into XY coordinates, and converts the coordinate-converted position data and prestored model data as reference position data corresponding to the axle (tire). And an axle detection module 7 for detecting an axle, and a control module for controlling each unit and performing communication control for communicating an axle detection result to an external device. And Yuru 8, a power supply 9 supplies power to each unit, and is configured from a casing for accommodating them (case).

Here, the basic concept of axle detection of this embodiment will be described.

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the trajectory of a light beam for one scan when the light beam is scanned on the road surface 12 or the vehicle (tire, body) 4.
Does not exist, all the spot light spots 14 of the light beam are radiated on the road surface 12, and when the tire 15 of the vehicle 4 is present in the scanning area, the spot light spot 16 of the light beam is It is irradiated, and it is irradiated continuously upward from the middle of the tire 15,
When the body 17 of the vehicle 4 exists in the scanning area, the spot light spot 18 of the light beam is radiated on the road surface 12 and a part thereof is radiated on the body 17 located at a position distant from the road surface 12.

FIG. 5 is a diagram in which the position data of these spot light spots, that is, the position data of the reflection points are expressed by XY coordinates. When the vehicle 4 is not present, the spot light spots 14 of the light flux are all on the road surface. (A), the coordinates in the Y-axis direction are all zero, have no height component, and change along the X-axis direction, as shown in FIG. When 15 is present, the spot light spot 16 of the luminous flux is radiated on the road surface 12 and radiated continuously upward from the middle thereof, so as shown in FIG. After changing along the X-axis direction, it changes along the Y-axis direction from the middle, and when the body 17 of the vehicle 4 is present, the spot light spot 18 of the light beam is irradiated onto the road surface 12 and , Part from road surface 12 Upper body 1 in position
Since the light is irradiated to the light source 7, it changes along the X-axis direction, and also changes in the Y-axis direction at intervals from the middle.

As described above, the pattern of the position data corresponding to the reflection point obtained when the light beam is scanned on the road surface 12, the tire 15 of the vehicle 4, or the body 17 of the vehicle 4, respectively, is clearly different. Therefore, in this embodiment, position data of a reflection point as shown in FIG. 5B obtained when a light beam is scanned in a state where a vehicle tire is present is used as model data serving as a reference. It is stored in advance, the position data of the spot light spot of the light beam is measured, and the pattern of the measured position data is compared with the pattern of the model data when the tire stored in advance is present. It is determined that the tire is a vehicle tire, that is, an axle is detected.

Referring again to FIG.
A laser diode (LD) 19, an LD drive circuit 20 for pulse-modulating the laser diode 19, a light projecting lens (collimator) 21 for converting light emitted from the laser diode 19 into parallel light, A polygon mirror 22 that scans the parallel light converted by the lens 21 along the road crossing direction, a polygon motor drive circuit 23 that rotates the polygon mirror 22, and a scan timing circuit 24 that generates a timing for each scan are provided. ing.

As a means for scanning the spot light, a plane mirror may be reciprocated by a galvano motor.

The scanning timing circuit 24 comprises a sensor unit 25 and a timing generation unit 26 as shown in FIG.
The sensor unit 25 includes a light emitting circuit 27 that emits light toward the polygon mirror 22, a light emitting element 28, and a light emitting lens 29.
And a light projecting section made of
And a light receiving unit including a light receiving element 30, a light receiving element 31, and a light receiving circuit 32. Since the polygon mirror 22 is rotating as indicated by the arrow A, the reflected light is transmitted to the light receiving portion only when the polygon mirror 22 is positioned at a certain angle as shown in FIG. Incident. Therefore, the light receiving section outputs a signal once in one scan when reflected light enters. Note that the scan timing circuit may generate a timing signal for each scan using an encoder.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the light receiving module 6 has two
And three light receiving means 33 and 34.
3, 34 are optical filters 35, as shown in FIG.
36, and PSDs (Position Sensitive Devices) 37, 3 as light receiving elements for receiving reflected light beams of the scanned light beams.
8, optical lenses 39 and 40 for condensing the reflected light flux on the PSDs 37 and 38, and gravity center calculation circuits 41 and 42 for calculating the light quantity gravity center of the reflected light flux, respectively. The lens diameter of the light receiving means 34 corresponding to the far detection area S2 shown in FIG. 2 is larger than the lens diameter of the light receiving means 33 corresponding to the near detection area S1. Further, in this embodiment, light is projected from above, and light is received by the light receiving means 33 and 34 below, whereby the amount of light received by the light receiving means is increased to increase detection accuracy.

Each of the center-of-gravity arithmetic circuits 41 and 42 is a PSD3
The two outputs v ₁ and v ₂ from 7, 38 are respectively subjected to current-to-voltage conversion and then amplified, and are subjected to the calculation of (v ₁ −v ₂ ) / (v ₁ + v ₂ ), respectively, and are condensed on the PSD which is the calculation result. The center of gravity of the light quantity to be calculated is calculated.

Note that a CCD or P
When the D array is used, the center of gravity of the light amount is calculated by using the distribution of the amount of received light on the element in the center of gravity calculation circuit.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the housing 11 for accommodating each module has upper and lower depressions 11a and 11b in which a part of the surface desired on the road surface is depressed inward. In the upper concave portion 11a, an optical window 43 desired for the polygon mirror 22 of the light projecting module 5 is installed obliquely, while in the lower concave portion 11b, two light receiving means 33 and 34 are desired. An optical window 44 is installed obliquely.

As described above, the recessed portions 11a, 1
Since light is emitted or received through the optical windows 43 and 44 installed in 1b, rain and mud do not easily adhere,
Ambient light is hardly incident, and highly accurate detection can be performed. Further, the optical windows 43 and 44 may be coated with a photocatalytic effect so that dirt such as exhaust gas and rain scales can be easily removed.

Referring to FIG. 3 again, the axle detection module 7 includes three blocks of a center-of-gravity data storage unit 45, 46, a basic data storage unit 47, and an axle detection calculation unit 48.

The centroid data storage units 45 and 46 store the light quantity centroid data output from the light receiving module 6 for each scan using information from the scan timing circuit 24. The center-of-gravity data storage units 45 and 46 can be realized by a dual port memory.

The basic data storage unit 47 stores parameter values for use in distance calculation and axle determination and the above-described tire model data.
8 to pass the stored contents. As the basic data storage unit 47, for example, a RAM or a ROM is used. If the EEPROM is used, the stored data can be easily changed even after the axle detection device is installed in the field, so that maintenance and the like become easy.

The axle detection / calculation section 48 composed of a DSP or an MPU includes a light quantity center of gravity data for each scan stored in the center of gravity data storage sections 45 and 46, a signal of the scan timing circuit 24, and a basic data storage section 47. Performs an operation to detect the axle using the parameter values stored in
The detection result is output to the control module 8. The calculation for detecting the axle uses the sum of the squares of the Euclidean distance between the position data and the model data of the tire as a correlation value. If the value is more similar to a value smaller than the threshold level, it is detected as a tire, that is, an axle. Things.

The operation of the axle detection / calculation section 48 will be described in more detail. First, the coordinates of the spot light spot of the light flux connected to the road surface or the vehicle, that is, the reflection, are calculated based on the light quantity gravity center data and the parameter values for the calculation. The position data obtained by converting the position of the point into XY coordinates is calculated.

The derivation of the X, Y coordinate conversion formula will be described.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 8, the center of the PSD light receiving surface _{Q (x Q, y Q)} , the imaging point on the PSD light receiving surface of the laser spot light _{P o (x Po, y Po} ), the object laser on the surface spot light spot, i.e., the reflection point _{P (x P, y P)} , the light receiving lens center (optical _{lens) S (0, h 1)} , a laser spot light spot on the polygon mirror surface O (x _O, h _2),
The distance between the center of the light receiving lens and the center of the PSD is f, the inclination of the light receiving lens measured from the horizontal component is β _o , PSD
Assuming that the length of the light receiving surface is 1 and the inclination of the PSD light receiving surface measured from the horizontal component is η _O , the coordinate of the point Q is Q (x _Q , y _Q ) = (− f cos β _o , h ₁ +
fsinβ _o) When the output of the PSD and v _1, v _2, Δl is the characteristic of the PSD, Δl = (l / 2 ) · {(v 1 -v 2) / (v 1 + v 2)} of the P _{o coordinates, P o (x Po, y} Po) = (x Q + Δlcosη O, y Q + Δlsinη O) = (- fcosβ o + Δlcosη O, h 1 + fsinβ o + Δlsinη O) linear P _O S is, y-h ₁ = ｛(Y _Po −h ₁ ) / x _Po ｝ x Therefore, y = ｛(y _Po −h ₁ ) / x _Po ｝ x + h ₁ (1) The straight line OP is y−h ₂ = tan (−α) The coordinates of (x−x _O ) P are (x _P , tan (−α) (x _P −x _O ) + h ₂ ) Since the point P is also a point on the straight line P _OS , the above equation (1) is used. Tan (−α) (x _P −x _O ) + h ₂ = ｛(y _Po −h ₁ ) / x
_Po} x _P + h _1, where the _{(y Po -h 1) / x} Po = organize at the _{K S, {tan (-α)} -K S} x P = tan (-α) x O + ( h ₁ -h
₂ ) Therefore, x _P = {tan (−α) × _O + (h ₁ −h ₂ )}
_{/ {Tan (-α) -K S} } _{Thus, y P = tan (-α)} (x P -x O) + h 2 = {tan (-α) h 1 + x O K S tan (-α) -K _S a _{h 2} / (tan (-α} ) -K S).

Where K _S = (y _Po −h ₁ ) / x _Po = (fsi
nβ _o + Δlsin η _O ) / (− f cos β _o + Δlcos η _O ) Position data for one scan of the XY coordinates of the spot light spot of the light beam connected to the road surface or the vehicle calculated as described above, and is stored in advance. The sum of the square of the Euclidean distance with the model data of the tire is calculated by the following equation, and when the calculated value becomes smaller as the threshold level becomes smaller, the tire, that is, the axle is detected.

[0051]

(Equation 1)

Here, (x _i , y _i ) is the calculated coordinates of the spot light, and (x _iModel , y _iModel ) is the tire coordinates stored in advance.

As described above, the light beam is scanned so as to cross the road, the reflected light is received, the data of the position corresponding to the reflection point is calculated, and the calculated position data and the axle of the axle stored in advance are calculated. Since the axle is detected by comparing it with the reference position data, the axle can be detected based on the position data for each scan, and high-speed processing can be performed.

Moreover, there is no need to bury the device on the road surface, the device can be installed without blocking traffic, and maintenance is easy. In addition, only one side of the road needs to be installed, so that space can be saved.

In the above-described embodiment, the axle is detected by comparing model data, which is reference position data when vehicle tires stored in advance are present, with calculated position data. As another embodiment, position data of a road surface when a light beam is scanned on a road surface where no vehicle exists as shown in FIG. 5A is stored in advance, and the position data of the road surface and the axle detection calculation unit are stored. A difference from the position data calculated at 48, that is, height information may be calculated, and only this height information may be compared with model data to detect the axle. In this case, the height information Since only processing is performed, the number of pieces of data to be processed is reduced, and higher-speed processing can be performed.

When the axle detecting device 1 is installed,
A switch for initial setting for storing road surface position data in the basic data storage unit 47 is provided in the basic data storage unit 47.
When the axle detection device 1 is installed, the road surface may be scanned several times and the average value of the position data at that time may be stored as reference data of the road surface. . As a result, the position data of the road surface according to the installation location can be stored, and by using the average value of several scans, the influence of the variation is small,
Highly accurate axle detection becomes possible.

Further, as another embodiment of the present invention,
At the time of installation, the road surface position data is stored in advance, and when the axle detection calculation unit 48 determines that the road surface is the road surface, an average of the obtained road surface position data and the previously stored road surface position data is calculated. Then, it may be updated and stored as new position data so that it can cope with a change in the road surface such as a rut. Alternatively, by comparing the road surface position data stored in advance at the time of installation with the measured road surface position data, it is possible to measure the temporal change in the road surface shape, and it is possible to detect a rut or the like and repair the road surface at an appropriate time. May be performed.

As another embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the road surface position data, the received light amount of the road surface is stored in advance in the basic data storage unit 47, and the light projection power is used by using the received light amount data. May be adjusted. That is, the detected light reception amount is compared with the stored light reception amount, and when the light reception amount decreases due to the weather or dirt on the optical window, the light emission power is increased, and for example, the stored light reception amount is increased. It is controlled to be equal to the amount. As a result, a stable amount of received light can always be obtained, so that stable detection independent of the environment can be performed.

In another embodiment of the present invention, for example, the optical window becomes dirty due to mud splashing or splashing of a car in rainy weather, or the amount of light received is increased due to the soiling of the optical window over time. If the state of the level or lower continues for several scans or more, an abnormal signal may be output to notify the timing of maintenance, thereby preventing a malfunction from occurring.

[0060] As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, the optical window 4 on the front portion of the axle detecting device 1 ₁
A configuration may be adopted in which an opening / closing door 49 having 3 and 44 is provided, so that maintenance after being embedded and installed in a railroad on a highway in an urban area can be easily performed.

As another embodiment of the present invention, when the axle detecting device 1 is installed on a curb, as shown in FIG. Spreading is preferred.

In the above embodiment, the axle detecting device 1
Is installed perpendicularly to the traveling direction of the vehicle, but as another embodiment of the present invention, the axle detecting device _{12 is connected} to the vehicle 5.
2 is not perpendicular to the traveling direction, but is installed with an inclination to the traveling direction as shown in FIGS.
The effect of stray light reflected on the body may be reduced.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the tire size may be detected based on the period during which the tire is detected and the vehicle speed. Axle detection module 7
In the period T1 in which the tire is detected in the above, that is, in the period in which the scanning determined to be the tire is continuous, an axle detection signal is output as shown in FIG. Since the time corresponds to the passing time of the tire 53 passing in front of the detection device 1, the size of the tire 53, that is, the calculation of (tire detection period) × (vehicle speed) using the vehicle speed of the vehicle 4 is performed. Thus, the tire size can be detected, which can be used for discriminating the type of a large vehicle or a small vehicle.

For detecting the vehicle speed, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, this axle detection device 1 is installed at a point which is another fixed distance away in the traveling direction of another vehicle. The time difference of the axle detection timing may be measured, and the vehicle speed may be calculated from the time difference and the distance between the devices 1 and 1, or a separate vehicle speed sensor may be provided. FIG.
By installing two axle detection devices as described above, it is possible to determine whether the vehicle is traveling forward or backward. The axle detection devices 1, 1 may be installed on both sides of the road.

As still another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15, a time interval T of axle detection is measured, and a calculation of (time interval of axle detection) × (vehicle speed) is performed. The distance between the axles of the vehicle 4, that is, the axle distance may be detected. The time interval in FIG. 15 is １ ／ of the detection period of the first axle (tire) 54 and 1 of the detection period of the second axle (tire) 55.
/ 2 and 2 after the first axle 54 is no longer detected.
It may be calculated as the sum of the periods until the detection of the axle 55 of the axle is started, or may be calculated as the period from the rise to the rise or the period from the fall to the fall of the axle detection signal.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is determined whether or not height information can be obtained by calculating a difference between road position data stored in advance and calculated position data. Thus, the presence or absence of the vehicle may be detected. That is, when there is height information, it is determined that there is a vehicle, and when there is no height information, it is determined that there is no vehicle.
Further, the number of axles may be detected by counting the number of times the axle is detected during the period in which it is determined that the vehicle is present.

Further, the axle detecting device 1 may be applied to an automatic toll collection system.

In the automatic toll collection system, when a vehicle equipped with an on-vehicle device for performing toll collection processing passes through a toll booth, communication is established between the on-vehicle device and the roadside system to settle the toll. However, when the vehicle information at the time of communication is different from the number of axles detected by the axle detection device, the vehicle type may not match and the toll collection process may not be performed to prevent fraud.

The vehicle type may be determined based on axle data such as the number of axles, axle distance, and tire size detected by the axle detector, and a toll according to the type of vehicle may be calculated.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the height from the road surface to the body is measured based on the road surface position data and the vehicle body position data, and this height violates the legal height. If so, it may be notified.

Further, the detection device of the present invention is combined with, for example, a vehicle detection sensor (vehicle separation sensor) in which transmission-type photoelectric sensors are juxtaposed in the vertical direction, so that no vehicle is detected by the vehicle detection sensor. Nevertheless, when height information is obtained by the detection device of the present invention, that is, when an object is detected, it is determined that a falling object other than a vehicle is present on the road and the system is notified. You may.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the detection of the axle. However, the present invention is not limited to the axle, but can detect various objects.

In the above embodiment, the XY coordinate values are used as the position data. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, the distance data from the light receiving means to the reflection point or the reflection point as viewed from the light receiving means are used. May be used as the position data.

[0074]

As described above, according to the present invention, reference position data corresponding to an object to be detected such as a tire is stored in advance, and position data calculated from the light receiving position of the received reflected light is stored. Since the object is detected by comparing with the reference position data, installation and maintenance are easy, and the object can be detected with high accuracy.

Further, since a plurality of light receiving means corresponding to at least near and far areas are provided, an object can be reliably detected in a wide detection range.

Further, since the optical window is provided in the hollow portion of the case, it is difficult for the optical window to adhere to rain and mud, and it is difficult for ambient light to enter, so that detection can be performed with high accuracy.

Further, since the light projecting direction of the light projecting means is inclined with respect to the moving direction of the object so as not to be orthogonal to the moving direction of the object, the influence of stray light reflected by other than the object can be reduced. become.

Further, the size of the object can be detected from the detection period during which the object is detected and the speed of the object, and for example, the tire size can be detected.

Further, the height from the road surface to the vehicle body can be detected based on both the position data of the road surface and the position data of the vehicle body obtained by the detection device of the present invention.

Further, the shaft distance can be detected based on the detection interval of the axle and the vehicle speed detected by the detection device of the present invention.

Further, the number of axles of the vehicle can be detected based on the vehicle and the axle detected by the detecting device of the present invention.

Further, the vehicle type can be determined based on the axle data detected by the detection device of the present invention, and the toll for the vehicle can be calculated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tollgate where an axle detection device according to the present invention is installed.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the axle detecting device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the axle detection device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a trajectory of a light beam for explaining the present invention.

5 is a diagram showing the position of the trajectory of the light beam in FIG. 4 in XY coordinates.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a scan timing circuit of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing an installation state of an optical window.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining coordinate conversion into XY coordinates.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an installation state of the embodiment in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining detection of a tire size.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an installation state for detecting a vehicle speed.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining detection of a wheelbase.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1 _1, 1 ₂ axle detector 4,52 vehicle 5 light projecting module 6 receiving module 7 axle detection module 11 housing 12 road 15,53,54,55 tire 17 body 43 optical window

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A light projecting means for projecting a predetermined pattern of light to an object, a light receiving means for receiving the reflected light, and a calculating means for calculating position data corresponding to a light receiving position of the received reflected light. Storage means for storing reference position data corresponding to an object in advance, and detecting the object by comparing the calculated position data with reference position data stored in advance. Detection device. 2. A light-receiving device comprising: a plurality of light-receiving means having light-receiving surfaces oriented in different directions; The detection device according to claim 1, which is included. And a case in which at least the light projecting means and the light receiving means are accommodated. The case has a concave portion which is depressed inward, and the light projecting means and the light receiving means are provided with the concave portion. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein the light is projected and received through an optical window installed in the device. 4. The detecting device according to claim 1, wherein a light projecting direction of the light projecting means is inclined with respect to a moving direction of the object so as not to be orthogonal to the moving direction of the object. apparatus. 5. A detection period measurement unit for measuring a period during which an object is detected, a speed detection unit for detecting a speed of the object, and an object based on the speed of the detected object and the measured detection period. The detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a size calculation unit configured to calculate a size of the object. 6. A height from a road surface to a vehicle body is measured based on the detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and both position data of a road surface and a vehicle body obtained by the detection device. Vehicle measuring device comprising: 7. A detection device according to claim 1, a detection interval measuring means for measuring a detection interval of an axle as an object detected by the detection device, and a vehicle speed detection for detecting a vehicle speed. And an axle distance calculating means for calculating an axle distance from the detected vehicle speed and the measured axle detection interval. 8. A detection device according to claim 1, further comprising: a number-of-axes measuring means for measuring the number of axles based on detection outputs of a vehicle and an axle from the detection device. Axle detection device. 9. A pass comprising: the detecting device according to claim 1; and a fee calculating means for calculating a toll for the vehicle based on axle data detected by the detecting device. Charge calculator.