JPH11223355A - Hot water supply apparatus making use of latent-heat storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot water supply apparatus which can minimize an installation space for a heat insulation container for a rapid hot water supply and is capable of supplying hot water rapidly even when the hot water supply apparatus which has not been used for a long time is again used. SOLUTION: A heat insulation container for a rapid hot water supply provided to a hot water supply apparatus is constructed by one of or a combination of following arrangements (1) to (4). (1) Capsules 3 packed with latent-heat storage medium coexist in hot water 2 in a heat insulation container 1. (2) Latent-heat storage medium is disposed around the heat insulation container. (3) Capsules packed with supercooled latent-heat storage medium coexist in hot water in the heat insulation container and reactivating means is provided for the supercooled latent-heat storage medium. (4) Supercooled latent-heat storage medium is disposed around the heat insulation container and reactivating means is provided for the supercooled latent-heat storage medium.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot water supply apparatus provided with a hot water storage container such as a hot water storage pot, and more specifically, to save space by utilizing a latent heat storage agent for storing heat in the hot water storage container. The present invention relates to a hot water supply device having a hot water warming container for hot water which can be implemented at low cost and with zero running cost.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When supplying hot water to a home, a building, or various other facilities, since there is a distance from a water heater to a hot water supply point, the hot water is not supplied for a while after the faucet is opened at the hot water supply point. There was time for cold water to come out. In order to avoid this problem, a method of (1) installing an electric heater pot near the faucet or (2) installing a heat insulating pot such as a vacuum insulated bottle has been adopted. These electric heater pots and heat retaining pots are installed by arranging conduits between the water heater and the pots and between the pots and the faucet.

FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing (2) a hot water boiler using a vacuum double tube type heat retaining pot. Water supplied from a water pipe or the like is heated by a water heater (heat exchanger unit) that is heated by burning city gas, LPG, or the like, and is supplied to the heat retaining pot through the hot water pipe. If you do not have a heating pot, you can twist the hot water tap (hot water tap) and open it to release cold water for a while, but if you install the heating pot as shown in Fig. 1, the hot water from the heating pot will be immediately Since it is supplied, hot water can be supplied immediately after twisting the faucet.

[0004] However, for example, in a standard warming pot for hot water installed in a standard home or house, usually two pots having a capacity of, for example, 3 liters are required as the warming pot. For this reason, a large installation space for those pots is required, and the installation is costly. In addition, if the hot water supply device is not used for a long period of time, the hot water in the heat retaining pot cools down, so that there is a problem that the hot water function does not work during use.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional hot water warming pots which have been conventionally adopted and are considered. The space required for installation of the hot water storage container is small, the running cost can be reduced to zero, and the hot water can be supplied immediately without using the hot water supply device for a long time. An object of the present invention is to provide a water heater provided with a container.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention utilizes (1) a latent heat storage agent characterized in that a capsule filled with a latent heat storage agent is coexistent in hot water of a hot water keeping container in a hot water supply apparatus. A hot water supply apparatus is provided, and the present invention provides (2) a hot water supply apparatus using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a latent heat storage agent is disposed around a hot water keeping container in the hot water supply apparatus.

[0007] The present invention is characterized in that (3) a capsule filled with a latent heat storage agent in hot water of a hot water storage container in a hot water supply apparatus, and a latent heat storage agent is arranged around the heat storage container. The present invention provides (4) a capsule in which a supercooled latent heat storage agent is filled in hot water of a hot water warming container in the hot water supply device, and the supercooled latent heat storage device. Provided is a hot water supply apparatus using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a stimulus applying means for the heat storage agent is arranged.

The present invention provides (5) a method of disposing a supercooling latent heat storage agent around a hot water keeping container in a hot water supply device,
A hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent characterized by providing a stimulating means for the supercooled latent heat storage agent is provided, and the present invention also provides (6) hot water storage in a hot water warming container in the hot water supply device. A capsule filled with a supercooling latent heat storage agent coexists therein, a supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged around the heat retention container, and a stimulating means for these supercooling latent heat storage agents is arranged. Provided is a hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent.

According to the present invention, there is provided (7) a capsule in which a latent heat storage agent is filled in hot water of a hot water storage container in a hot water supply apparatus, and a supercooled latent heat storage agent is arranged around the heat storage container and the superheater is disposed. The present invention provides a hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent characterized by arranging a stimulating means for a cooling latent heat storage agent. A latent heat storage agent characterized in that a capsule filled with a cooling latent heat storage agent is coexistent, stimulating means for the supercooled latent heat storage agent is arranged, and a latent heat storage agent is arranged around the heat retention pot. Provide a hot water supply device using

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a hot water supply apparatus, water supplied from a water pipe, a well, or the like is heated by a water heater that is heated by burning city gas, LPG, or the like, and is supplied to the hot water supply port (faucet) through the hot water supply pipe.
Supplied from The hot water warming container according to the present invention, that is, the hot water heating device, is disposed and used at an appropriate location between such a water heater and a hot water inlet.

The present invention is characterized in that a latent heat storage agent is used for keeping warm hot water in a hot water keeping container in a hot water supply apparatus. The latent heat storage agent generates heat using its own heat of fusion, and has a much larger heat storage amount per unit volume than water. Therefore, in storing the same amount of heat, the volume is very small as compared with the case of using only water, so that the instant hot water device can be realized in a small space and at low cost.

[0012]

[Table 1]

As the latent heat storage agent in the present invention, any substance can be used as long as it can generate heat using heat of fusion. Examples thereof include tetracosane, camphene, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, Sodium acetate
Trihydrate and the like can be mentioned. Table 1 shows characteristic values of some latent heat storage agents. These may be modified by adding a polysaccharide or a thickener. The unit of each property in Table 1 is heat of fusion in kJ / k.
g, specific heat is kJ / kg K, and density is g / cm ³ . As shown in Table 1, tetracosane, camphene or sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate has a melting point around 50 ° C.

Sodium acetate trihydrate has a melting point of 58.
℃, but maintain a supercooled state to around -10 ℃.
The supercooled latent heat storage agent retains latent heat by maintaining a liquid state without solidifying even at a temperature below the melting point, and if any external stimulus is given to it, the supercooled state breaks and rapidly solidifies, and a large amount of Generates heat. As the supercooling latent heat storage agent used in the present invention, any latent heat storage agent that maintains a supercooled state can be used. Table 2 shows some examples. The supercooling latent heat storage agent used in the present invention is appropriately selected and used according to desired characteristics, but may be modified by adding a polysaccharide, a thickener, or the like.

[0015]

[Table 2]

Sodium acetate trihydrate has a heat of fusion (heat of solidification) of 264 kJ / kg, a melting point of 58 ° C., and a specific heat of 1.5 kJ.
/ KgK, density 1.48 g / cm ³ , temperature -10
Maintain the supercooled state to around ℃. Polysaccharides such as xanthan gum (xanthan gum or the like) or a thickener may be added for modification to maintain stability in a supercooled state and prevent phase separation. External stimuli that break the supercooled state of the supercooled latent heat storage agent include application of static electricity, application of microvibration or ultrasonic waves, insertion of sharp metal edges, application of electric sparks, formation of seed crystals, cold temperature contacts ( Insertion of a cold junction having a temperature equal to or lower than the lower limit of the cooling temperature, and other appropriate means are applied.

FIG. 2 shows the use of tetracosane as an example of a latent heat storage agent in one liter of water at a temperature of 10 ° C. ($ 1000).
g) in the range of 0 to 1000 g, (1) temperature 5
Temperature attained when tetracosan at 0 ° C is mixed and (2)
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison with a temperature reached when hot water having a temperature of 50 ° C. is mixed. For example, 600g of tetracosan
When mixed, a mixture containing 1 liter of water is heated up to about 37 ° C., whereas when 600 g of water is mixed, mixed water containing 1 liter of water is heated up to only about 25 ° C.

When 1,000 g of tetracosane is mixed, the mixture containing 1 liter of water is heated to 50.degree. This is because only the latent heat of tetracosane is consumed for heating 1 liter of water at 10 ° C., and the temperature of the water at 10 ° C. is raised to 50 ° C. without lowering the temperature of tetracosane due to the latent heat. On the other hand, 1
The mixed water after mixing 000 g is only heated to about 30 ° C.

From another point of view, in FIG. 2, for example, a line at a temperature of 30.degree.
In order to heat to 100 ° C, 1000 g of warm water at 50 ° C must be mixed.
To obtain hot water at the same temperature of 30 ° C. As described above, it is easy to reduce the volume to about half in order to obtain hot water at the same temperature, indicating that the more the latent heat storage agent is used, the smaller the total volume can be.

FIG. 3 shows that when tap water or the like is supplied at a temperature of 20 ° C., 3 liters (= 3000 cm ³ ) of hot water at 50 ° C. are partially replaced with tetracosane, camphene or sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate at 50 ° C. FIG. 4 is a graph showing how the volume of 3 liters of hot water can be reduced when each latent heat storage agent is replaced. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the weight of each latent heat storage agent to be added, and the vertical axis represents the change in capacity due to the addition of the latent heat storage agent.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the hot water is replaced with tetracosane, 800 g of tetracosane at a temperature of 50 ° C. is added to make the pot capacity 2600 cm ³ .
A temperature of 50 ° C. and the same amount of hot water can be supplied. When the hot water is replaced with sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is replaced by 130 gram.
By adding 0 g, the capacity of the pot is 1000 cm ³
Thus, the same amount of hot water can be supplied at a temperature of 50 ° C.

In the present invention, the latent heat storage agent having the above-mentioned characteristics is packed in a capsule and put in a heat retaining pot, or placed around the heat retaining pot to be used in a hot water heating device. As a method of forming a capsule filled with a latent heat storage agent, for example, the capsule is filled with the latent heat storage agent, and then the capsule is sealed. In this case, the constituent material of the capsule itself is not particularly limited, and examples of the material preferably include plastic, metal, glass, and other materials.

Examples of plastics include polyethylene films, polypropylene films, polystyrene films, polyester films, nylon films, regenerated cellulose, and the like. Examples of metals include aluminum, alloys thereof, steel and stainless steel, and glass. Various types of glass can be used. Since the capsule made of these materials comes into direct contact with the water supply, it is necessary that the capsule does not contain harmful dissolving or eluting components and that the latent heat storage agent does not permeate.

In the present invention, when the latent heat storage agent is packed in a capsule and used, the capsule constructed as described above coexists in hot water in a heat retaining container such as a hot water retaining pot in a hot water supply device. Used to be used. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the mode. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a heat retaining pot, 2 denotes hot water, and 3 denotes a capsule filled with a latent heat storage agent. FIG. 4 shows a case where the capsules coexist in hot water in a floating state. The heat retaining pot 1 is not limited to a vacuum double tube type, and may be of an appropriate type such as a type in which a heat insulating material is disposed on a peripheral wall of the pot.

When the capsules are allowed to coexist in a floating state as described above, the specific gravity of the capsules needs to be the same as or approximately the same as that of hot water. It can be easily adjusted. On the other hand, capsules do not make such adjustments,
Depending on the specific gravity, it may be present in the upper or lower part of the hot water, or may be filled in the entire hot water.

Further, in the present invention, the latent heat storage agent having the above-mentioned characteristics is also used by disposing it around the heat retaining pot. FIG. 5 is a view showing this embodiment, in which a layer 4 of a latent heat storage agent is arranged on the inner surface of the heat retaining pot 1. As a result, as in the case where the latent heat storage agent is made to coexist as a capsule as described above, hot water can be supplied in a small volume and immediately using the latent heat.

In addition, in the present invention, a capsule filled with a latent heat storage agent is coexistent in the hot water of the heat retention pot as shown in FIG. 4, and a latent heat storage agent is also arranged around the heat retention pot as shown in FIG. With these, the hot water function can be further enhanced.

Among the latent heat storage agents, for example, sodium acetate trihydrate maintains a supercooled state to around -10.degree.
In the present invention, a more effective hot water effect can be obtained by such a supercooling latent heat storage agent. The supercooled latent heat storage agent keeps a liquid state even at a temperature lower than the melting point, and when any external stimulus is given to the agent, the supercooled state breaks, rapidly solidifies, and generates heat. Sparks, vibrations and other appropriate means are applied as external stimuli. In the present invention, the heat at the time of solidification is used for the immediate supply of hot water in the hot water supply device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a supercooling latent heat storage agent is used in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, a supercooling latent heat storage agent 5 is arranged around a heat retention pot, and a stimulus applying means 6 for the supercooling latent heat storage agent 5 is provided at an appropriate place. If you do not use for a long time in the conventional thermal insulation pot,
The hot water cools down and does not function as an instant hot water device, but by applying this method, when the hot water is cooled, the supercooled state of the supercooled latent heat storage agent is broken by, for example, an electric spark, so that the hot water is rapidly cooled. By warming, it can function as a hot water device.

The supercooling latent heat storage agent may be disposed as a capsule in hot water of the heat retaining pot as shown in FIG. 4 instead of being disposed around the heat retaining pot as shown in FIG. Both may be combined. In the case of an embodiment in which both are combined, a capsule filled with a supercooling latent heat storage agent is coexistent in the hot water of the heat retention pot, and a supercooling latent heat storage agent is also arranged around the heat retention pot, so that the hot water function is performed. Can be even higher. In this case, the stimulus applying means for the supercooling latent heat storage agent around the heat retaining pot and in the hot water may be shared, or may be separately provided. The stimulus applying means for the supercooling latent heat storage agent in the hot water in the hot water pot is disposed at an appropriate place such as to face the hot water on the inner wall surface of the hot water pot.

Heat storage usually requires heat insulation, but in the case of a supercooled latent heat storage agent, heat is stored without heat insulation, and once the supercooled state is broken, hot water is used thereafter. When the supercooled latent heat storage agent is used, it melts again due to the heat and returns to the original supercooled state.

According to the present invention, in the hot water supply device of the hot water supply device, the latent heat storage agent is disposed as a capsule in the hot water of the heat retention pot, and the latent heat storage agent is disposed around the heat retention pot. The supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged as a capsule in the hot water, and the stimulus providing means for the supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged, and the supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged around the heat retention pot, and the supercooling latent heat storage agent is In addition to the case where the stimulus imparting means is arranged, which is a single case of each of the above-described embodiments, a combination of these two or more embodiments can provide an instant hot water device having various desired characteristics in the hot water supply device.

<< Experimental Example >> Pot Capacity 1 as shown in FIG.
An instant hot water test was performed using a 000 cc heat retaining pot 7. In FIG. 7, 8 is hot water, 9 is a capsule containing a heat storage agent,
Reference numeral 10 denotes an outlet temperature measurement point. First, only 1000 cc of hot water (60 ° C.) was placed in a pot, water (25 ° C.) was flowed into the pot, and the outlet temperature was measured. Next, the hot water and the heat storage agent were put into a pot so that the total volume became 1000 cc, and water (25 ° C.) was flowed in the same manner as above to measure the outlet temperature. As a heat storage agent, 500 g of tetracosane was used, and a large number of capsules filled with divided into small plastic bags (made of polyethylene) were used.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the above results.
As can be seen from FIG. 8, when only hot water at a temperature of 60 ° C. in the heat retaining pot 7 is used (only hot water in FIG. 8), the outlet temperature drops rapidly, and reaches about 27 ° C. at the time of the outflow water amount of 1.5 liters. After 0.7 liters, the temperature is the same as the influent water. On the other hand, when the heat storage agent coexists with the hot water (hot water + heat storage agent in FIG. 8), the temperature of the effluent decreases by about 32 ° C. with the effluent water volume of 1.2 liters, and thereafter 2.5 liters This indicates that the temperature of the outlet hot water was higher from the initial stage than in the case of using only hot water, and that hot water higher by about 7 ° C. was obtained thereafter.

[0035]

According to the present invention, by using a latent heat storage agent in a hot water supply apparatus, a large amount of heat can be stored with a small capacity, and the installation space for a hot water insulation container can be reduced. In addition, by using the supercooling latent heat storage agent, which is a kind of latent heat storage agent, the hot water can be heated immediately when the hot water supply device is not used for a long time and then used, or when the hot water in the heat insulation container cools down. , Hot water can be supplied immediately. Moreover, these effects can be obtained with zero running cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a hot water system using a conventional heat retaining pot (vacuum double tube pot).

FIG. 2 shows an example of a latent heat storage agent using tetracosan.
The figure which compared attainment temperature at the time of mixing (1) tetracosan of 50 degreeC temperature with 1 liter of water of 10 degreeC water, and (2) 50 degreeC hot water.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how the volume of 3 liters of hot water can be reduced when a part of 3 liters of hot water at 50 ° C. is replaced with each heat storage agent at 50 ° C. when the temperature of water supply is 20 ° C.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment in which a latent heat storage agent according to the present invention is used in a capsule.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of an embodiment in which the latent heat storage agent of the present invention is used by placing it around a heat retaining pot.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment in which the supercooling latent heat storage agent of the present invention is used by placing it around a heat retention pot.

FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating an apparatus used in an experimental example.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a heat storage effect obtained by using a latent heat storage agent in a hot water storage device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,7 Insulation pot 2,8 Hot water 3,9 Capsule filled with latent heat storage agent 4 Layer of latent heat storage agent 5 Supercooled latent heat storage agent 6 Stimulation means 10 Exit temperature measurement point

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a capsule filled with a latent heat storage agent is coexistent in the hot water of the hot water storage container in the hot water supply device. 2. A hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a latent heat storage agent is disposed around a hot water storage container in the hot water supply device. 3. A capsule filled with a latent heat storage agent in hot water of a hot water keeping container in a hot water supply apparatus,
A hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a latent heat storage agent is disposed around the heat retaining container. 4. The latent heat storage agent according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the latent heat storage agent is tetracosane, camphene, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate or sodium acetate trihydrate. Hot water heater used. 5. A hot water supply apparatus comprising a capsule filled with a supercooling latent heat storage agent in hot water of a hot water storage container and a stimulus providing means for the supercooling latent heat storage agent. Water heater using a latent heat storage agent. 6. A latent heat storage agent characterized in that a supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged around a hot water keeping container in a hot water supply device, and stimulating means for the supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged. Hot water heater used. 7. A capsule filled with a supercooling latent heat storage agent in hot water of a hot water storage container in a hot water supply device, and a supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged around the heat storage container. A hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a stimulus applying means for the latent heat storage agent is arranged. 8. A capsule in which a latent heat storage agent is filled in hot water of a hot water keeping container in a hot water supply device,
A hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a supercooled latent heat storage agent is disposed around the heat retention container, and a stimulating means for the supercooled latent heat storage agent is disposed. 9. A capsule filled with a supercooling latent heat storage agent in hot water of a hot water keeping container in a hot water supply device, and a stimulus applying means for the supercooling latent heat storage agent is arranged. A hot water supply device using a latent heat storage agent, wherein a latent heat storage agent is disposed around the device. 10. The stimulus applying means for the supercooling latent heat storage agent is an electric stimulating means such as voltage application, electric spark, etc., according to claim 5, claim 6, claim 7, claim 8 or claim 9. Water heater using latent heat storage agent. 11. The supercooled latent heat storage agent is sodium acetate trihydrate or modified sodium acetate trihydrate. A hot-water supply device using the latent heat storage agent according to 1.