JPH11223106A - Power generator containing generating device having turbine with built-in integral structure drive body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a generating device having a turbine with a built-in integral structure drive body to prevent the leakage of a working medium and prevent the occurrence of pollution of environment, prevent the occurrence of a system obstacle due to mixture of the atmosphere and prevent the occurrence of freeze up due to mixture of a moisture content, and improve reliability. SOLUTION: In a generating device containing a generating device having a turbine with a built-in integral structure drive body, a closed ranking cycle, wherein ammonia forms a working medium, comprises a turbine 40 with a built-in integral structure drive body; a vaporizer 42; a condenser 45; pumps 43a and 44a; a surface layer hot water source 43; and a deep layer cold water source 44. The turbine 40 with a built-in integral structure drive body consists of a turbine 10, a power transmission part 20, and a closed flange generator 30.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a closed ranking cycle ocean temperature difference power generation apparatus which is an energy conversion apparatus for performing a cycle type conversion using a turbine, and a power generation having an integrated drive built-in turbine by a closed Brayton cycle. The present invention relates to a power generation device including a device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Energy conversion can be classified into an element type, a cycle type, and a system type according to the content. The element form is one that converts between two different energies with a single converter. Cycle-type conversion is performed by combining several thermodynamic processes with one device such as an internal combustion engine or when a fluid circulates through a plant consisting of a combination of several devices that perform element conversion. It receives thermal energy from a high-temperature source, converts part of it to mechanical energy, and releases the remaining thermal energy to a low-temperature source, such as a ranking cycle or Brayton cycle.

The above ranking cycle is used for ocean thermal energy conversion, and the Brayton cycle uses air, H
e, a power generation system that operates through a gas turbine as a closed type external combustion engine using CO ₂ or the like as a working medium and an expander used in a cold generation device to recover a part of energy There are devices and power generation devices that compress circulating gas. In the above-mentioned ocean temperature difference power generation, since the surface water of the ocean is heated by the solar radiation and the heat transfer in the depth direction of the seawater is not large, the seawater temperature of the deep sea (about 500 m) (4 to 7)
C)), the difference in temperature is higher than that in the low-latitude sea area where solar radiation is large.
Since the temperature reaches ℃ or more, dynamic work and electric power can be extracted by applying a heat engine. The heat engine uses a ranking cycle in which a large temperature difference can be obtained with a small temperature difference, and a closed cycle is used in which the working medium that works in the turbine is separated from seawater, and the seawater is simply used as heat input or cooling water. I have. As the working medium, the boiling points of ammonia, chlorofluorocarbon, propane and the like are low (−33.3 ° C. with ammonia, −40.8 with chlorofluorocarbon 22).
(23.7 ° C., CFC 11). A low-boiling medium having a high vapor pressure at around normal temperature is used.

As described above, in a ranking cycle or a Brayton cycle, thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy by a turbine, and most or a part of the energy is driven by a driving body such as a generator connected to the turbine. . By the way, since the conductive connecting portion between the turbine and the driving body has a structure using a mechanical seal or the like for the open shaft, the working medium leaks and the air environment is polluted. The cause is forming. On the other hand, the working medium has a problem of causing icing due to mixing of water. Further, in the cold generator, there is a problem that lubricating oil is mixed into the process gas due to generation of oil mist in the expansion turbine.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and prevents the leakage of a working medium, prevents environmental pollution, and eliminates any system failure caused by the entry of air. It is another object of the present invention to provide a power generation device including a power generation device having a highly-integrated drive built-in turbine capable of preventing icing due to water contamination and having high reliability and capable of reducing power transmission loss. Things. To this end, a flow path through which the working medium flows is formed in a sealed shape, and a turbo expander or expansion turbo that expands the working medium and converts heat energy into mechanical energy, a power transmission unit, and a driving body are integrally sealed. The structure prevents the working medium from leaking.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a power generating apparatus including a power generating apparatus having an integral structure of a built-in driving body includes a turbine, in which a working medium works, and heat energy is transferred through a cycle type conversion. In a power generator that consists of a ranking cycle consisting of a closed cycle of an energy conversion device that converts oil into mechanical energy, ammonia is used as the working medium, a turbine that generates power, a power transmission unit, and a sealed flange power generation that is a driver. It is characterized in that it has an airtight structure with the machine.

With the above arrangement, when a working medium circulates in a plant formed by combining several devices for performing elementary conversion, heat energy is received from a high-temperature source and partly converted into mechanical energy via a turbine. Drive the driver,
In a sealed ranking cycle power generator of a cycle type energy conversion device that discharges remaining heat energy to a low-temperature source, a turbine that converts the heat energy into mechanical energy, a power transmission unit such as a speed reducer, and the like, And a sealed flange generator, which is a driven body driven by the turbine, has an integral airtight structure with the turbine casing, so that the working medium can circulate in a closed cycle without leaking to the external space, and is directly connected to the turbine. Can be operated without any problems.

The working medium according to the present invention is characterized in that ammonia is used as the working medium, and the lubricating oil of the driving body integrated with the turbine is made of an oil compatible with ammonia.

With the above configuration, it is possible to eliminate a problem caused by mixing of process gas based on oil mist of lubricating oil in the expansion turbine.

[0010] The integral airtight structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is a hermetic integrated structure in which a power transmission portion of a semi-hermetic structure that is open left and right is sandwiched from both sides by a flanged casing that supports a turbine shaft and a sealed flange generator. The bearing portion has a structure of only a journal or a radial bearing, and the power transmission between the turbine, the power transmission portion, and the driving body is constituted by a fitting coupling which can swing in the axial direction.

With the above construction, the flanged casing for supporting the turbine shaft and the flanged driving body sandwich the power transmission portion of a semi-hermetic structure that is open to the left and right, which connects the two, and is flange-joined. Therefore, a completely airtight integrated structure can be obtained. In addition, the bearings incorporated in each part are journals or radial bearings, and the axial thrust can be prevented from being absorbed by the axially slidable fitting coupling. The structure is adapted to cope well with repeated thermal expansion and contraction of the shaft portion even when the load fluctuates in a high-temperature atmosphere or a very low-temperature atmosphere, and to structurally prevent the formation of a gap that breaks airtightness.

[0012] The energy conversion device according to the first aspect is characterized by comprising a closed Brayton cycle.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not merely intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples unless otherwise specified. Absent. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of ocean temperature difference power generation in a closed ranking cycle, which is a power generation device including a power generation device including a turbine with a built-in driving body of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a turbine with a built-in driving body of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a closed Brayton cycle using the turbine with a built-in driving body of FIG. B) is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the Brayton cold generating device.

FIG. 1 shows a sealed ranking cycle for ocean temperature difference power generation using ammonia as a working medium, which is a power generation device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the power generation device of the present invention, ammonia is operated by a turbine 40 with a built-in driving body, an evaporator 42, a condenser 45, pumps 43a and 44a, a surface hot water source 43, and a deep cold water source 44 which are integrated. Construct a closed ranking cycle as a medium. The turbine 40 with a built-in driving body having the above-mentioned integral structure includes the turbine 10, the power transmission unit 20, and the sealed flange generator 30. With the above configuration, the working medium, ammonia, is pumped up by the pump 41 to the evaporator 42, while the heating coil of the evaporator 42 has a temperature of about 28.0 ° C. via the seawater pump 43a.
Is heated by the evaporator 42 to evaporate to about 2
The gas becomes ammonia gas at 2.6 ° C., and the turbine 10 is driven. The ammonia gas discharged from the turbine 10 reaches the condenser 45, is cooled and cooled by the deep chilled water of about 7 ° C. pumped from the deep chilled water source 44 via the pump 44a, and returns to the ammonia liquid of about 12.1 ° C. . On the other hand, in the turbine 10, the thermal energy of the ammonia gas is converted into mechanical energy, and the sealed flange generator 30 is driven via the power transmission unit 20 to supply electric energy to the outside. The turbine 10, the power transmission unit 20, and the sealed flange generator 30 have an integral airtight structure shown in FIG. 2, so that ammonia as a working medium does not leak to the outside.

In addition, ammonia is used as the working medium, and the lubricating oil of the drive unit integrally formed with the turbine uses a compatible oil for ammonia to prevent the function from being deteriorated due to mixing of oil mist. It is.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of the turbine with a built-in driving body of the integral structure shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a turbine with a built-in driving body having an integral structure includes a turbine 10, a power transmission unit 20 including a reduction gear train, and a sealed flange generator 30.
The turbine 10 and the sealed flange generator are configured in an independent semi-closed block open on one side, and the power transmission section 20 of the semi-closed block open on both sides is formed. The airtight block is formed by being integrally joined with the flange portion from both sides in an airtight manner.

That is, the turbine 10 has a runner 12 and a turbine shaft 16 supported by bearings 13a and 13b having the runner 12 at the end thereof, and is built in a casing 11 having a flange 11a.
b, and is coupled to a gear coupling 35a provided at the tip of the input shaft 19 of the power transmission unit 20 to be described later so as to be swingable in the axial direction. The power transmission unit 20 includes an output shaft 22 having a gear 23 and bearings 22a and 22b on both sides thereof, and an input shaft having a gear 24 and bearings 19a and 19b on both sides thereof in a semi-closed cylindrical frame 21 open at both sides. And gear couplings 34a and 35a provided at both ends of the output shaft 22 and the input shaft 19, respectively.
Is exposed on both sides. Further, the sealed flange generator 30 connects the rotor 31 and the stator 32 with the flange 33.
This is configured to be incorporated in a flanged frame 33 provided with a in a semi-closed shape with one side open. The rotor 31 has a structure that may be exposed to system lubricating oil, but the stator 32 has a structure in which the stator 32 is completely wrapped in a sealing cylinder 32a. Note that bearings 31a and 31b are provided at both ends of the rotor 31, and a gear coupling 34b is provided at the rotor shaft end which is an input end, so that the gear coupling 34a can be axially swingably coupled to the gear coupling 34a. . The generator with the sealed flange may be a motor, or a hermetic generator / motor.

With the above configuration, the open surface of the cylindrical frame 21 of the power transmission unit 20 is formed by the casing 11 that supports the turbine 10 and the sealed flange generator 30 by the flange unit 1.
An airtight block is formed by airtightly connecting the elements 1a and 33a so as to completely prevent external leakage of the working medium through the bearing. In particular, the rotor shaft and the input shaft 19
And the axially swingable gear couplings 34 and 35 provided on the output shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 16, so that the turbine 10
When a high-temperature atmosphere or a very low-temperature atmosphere in which the temperature fluctuates greatly during the start of operation and during the operation period, the formation of a gap in the axial direction is prevented. Further, the lubricating oil is provided with an oil reservoir 36a at the bottom of the cylindrical frame 21 of the power transmission unit 20 and is supplied to each bearing unit and the coupling via the lubricating oil pump 36 and the pipe 37, as described above. In addition, mixing into the working medium and air pollution due to generation of oil mist can be prevented by the airtight integrated structure.

FIG. 3 (A) shows a schematic configuration of a closed Brayton cycle using a turbine with a built-in driving body having an integral structure shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the closed Brayton cycle is constituted by an integrated driving body built-in turbine 40, a compressor 46, a heater 47, a cooler 49, and a low-temperature source 48.
Construct a closed Brayton cycle. In addition, the turbine 40 with a built-in driving body having the above-mentioned integral structure includes the turbine 10, the power transmission unit 20, and the sealed flange generator 30. As shown in the figure, the working medium compressed by the compressor 46 is heated by the heater 47 to become a high-temperature gas and expanded by the turbine 10. The heat energy obtained by the heater 47 of the working medium is converted into mechanical energy in the step 10 to drive the compressor 46, and the remaining energy drives the sealed flange generator 30. The remaining thermal energy is released to the low temperature source 48. The released gas is cooled by a cooler 49 using cooling water or the like, returned to the inlet of the compressor 46 and circulated for use. Therefore, any medium can be selected as the working medium, and the pressure level can also be arbitrarily selected. There is also a Brayton cycle cold generator using He, CO2 or the like as a working medium.

FIG. 3B shows a schematic configuration of a closed cycle of a Brayton refrigeration generator using the integrated-drive turbine shown in FIG. 2. As you can see in the figure,
The Brayton refrigeration generator forms a closed Brayton refrigeration cycle by the compressor 50, the aftercooler 51, the countercurrent heat exchanger 52, the turbine 40 a with a built-in driving body, and the refrigeration cooler 53. In addition, the integrated drive body built-in turbine 40a has an integral airtight structure by the expansion turbine 10a and the blower brake 10b. With the above configuration, the working medium is compressed at the atmospheric temperature by the compressor 50, and the compressed working medium gas is discharged by the aftercooler 51.
Cool to ambient temperature with water or air at equal pressure. Then, it is cooled to a low temperature at a constant pressure by the countercurrent heat exchanger 52. Further, the cooled gas is sent to the expansion turbine 10a to rotate the turbine to perform adiabatic expansion and to be cooled to a very low temperature. The cooled gas performs a cold refrigeration action in the cold cooler 53,
The low-temperature gas exiting the cold cooler 53 is supplied to the counter-current heat exchanger 5.
While cooling the gas on the high pressure side exiting the compressor 50 in step 2, the gas is heated at a constant pressure and returned to the compressor 50 for circulation. In this case, a blower brake 10b directly connected to the expansion turbine 10a is used to perform a braking operation when operating at a temperature significantly higher than the planned temperature, and measure energy recovery to use for compressing circulating gas. Also in the above case, the leakage of the working medium can be prevented by the turbine with built-in driving body 40a having the integral structure.

[0021]

According to the present invention, in the energy conversion device of the closed cycle by the cycle type conversion represented by the ranking cycle and the Brayton cycle, the present invention can structurally prevent the leakage of the working medium and prevent the pollution of the atmospheric environment. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a system failure due to air mixing and to prevent icing due to water mixing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of ocean temperature difference power generation in a closed ranking cycle, which is a power generation device including a power generation device using a turbine with a built-in drive body of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a turbine with a built-in driving body having an integral structure of FIG. 1;

3 (A) shows a schematic configuration of a closed Brayton cycle using the integrated-drive turbine of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 (B) shows a schematic configuration of a closed Brayton refrigeration generator. .

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Turbine 11 Casing 12 Runner 16 Turbine shaft 19 Input shaft 20 Power transmission part 21 Cylindrical frame 22 Output shaft 23, 24 Gear 30 Sealed flange generator 31 Rotor 32 Stator 33 Frame 34, 35 Gear coupling 36 Lubricating oil pump 37 Piping 40, 40a Turbine with built-in drive unit of integral structure 42 Evaporator 43 Condenser 46, 50 Compressor 47 Heater 48 Low temperature source 49 Cooler 51 Aftercooler 52 Countercurrent heat exchanger 53 Cold cooler

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A power generator comprising a ranking cycle consisting of a closed cycle of an energy conversion device that causes a working medium to work by using a turbine and converts thermal energy into mechanical energy through cycle type conversion. A power generator equipped with a turbine with a built-in drive unit, characterized in that it uses ammonia, and a turbine that generates power, a power transmission unit and a sealed generator that is a drive unit have an airtight structure, Power generator including. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the working medium uses ammonia, and lubricating oil for a driving body integrated with the turbine is used.
The power generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power generating apparatus includes a power generator having a turbine with a built-in driving body, wherein the power generating apparatus is made of an oil compatible with ammonia. 3. The integral airtight structure is a hermetically sealed structure in which a power transmission portion of a semi-hermetic structure that is open left and right is sandwiched from both sides by a flanged casing that supports a turbine shaft and a sealed flange generator, 2. The bearing according to claim 1, wherein the bearing has a journal or a radial bearing only structure, and the power transmission between the turbine, the power transmission unit, and the driving body is formed by a fitting coupling that can swing in the axial direction. A power generation device including a power generation device having a turbine with a built-in driving body having an integral structure. 4. The power generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy conversion device is configured by a closed Brayton cycle and includes a power generation device having a turbine with a built-in driving body.