JPH11208770A - Discharging method, discharging device and feeding device for powder/granular material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably perform the drop-discharging of powder/granular material, by a method wherein a supporting plate is inserted at the connected part between a discharging part on the bottom part of a tank and a device on a second step, and the supporting plate is shaken. SOLUTION: The bottom part of a tank 2 where a powder/granular material 3 is housed, is made into a funnel-shaped discharging part 5, and under the tank 2, a rotary feeder 6 is arranged. Then, at the connected part between the discharging part 5 and the rotary feeder 6, a discharging device which is constituted of a shaking plate 1, a supporting plate 10, elastic connecting bodies 11, 11 and a shaking device 12, is inserted. Then, by the shaking device 12, the supporting plate 10 is shaken while ellastically deforming the elastic connecting bodies 11, 11, and the shaking plate 1 is shaken as well, and the powder/granular material 3 can be stably and quantitatively fed. One edge side of the supporting plate 10 is extended to the outside of the connected part between the discharging part 5 and the rotary feeder 6, and to this part which extends to the outside, the shaking device 12 such as a shaking motor is attached.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for discharging powder and granules for dropping and discharging powder and granules contained in a tank to a next device connected to a discharge section at the bottom of the tank. Further, the present invention relates to a supply device provided with the discharge device for quantitatively supplying the granular material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when a cement-based material is sprayed for the purpose of reinforcing a ground in a tunnel excavation, stabilizing an excavated surface, stabilizing a slope in a residential land development or a line construction, etc., the sprayed concrete-based material can be quickly removed. In order to harden and develop the strength, a powdery and quick setting material is added to the cement material at the time of spraying. To add the quick-setting material to the cementitious material, a rotary feeder is connected as a next-stage device to the discharge section at the bottom of the tank containing the quick-setting material, and the quick-setting material that is dropped from the tank to the rotary feeder is discharged. The method is carried out by using a powdery and granular material supply device that sends out the material quantitatively by a rotary feeder and transports the compressed material through a transport pipe connected to the rotary feeder.

[0003] By the way, when the particles such as the quick-setting material are dropped and discharged from the tank, a blocking or a bridge is generated in the tank, and the discharge of the particles is easily unstable or hindered. Conventionally, the following discharge method and apparatus have been proposed.

(1) The upper end of the connecting cylinder is connected to the bottom of the tank, and the lower end of the connecting cylinder is connected to the next device such as a rotary feeder via a flexible tube. A vibrating device is attached to the outside, and the connecting cylinder and the tank are vibrated by the vibrating device to promote the falling and discharging of the granular material (Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-185731).

(2) The tank top and the tank bottom having a dispersion cap above the discharge port are connected via bellows, and a vibration device is provided at the tank bottom, and the tank bottom and the tank cap are vibrated by the vibration device. This causes the powder to fall (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-64358).

[0006]

However, in the case of the discharging method and apparatus described in (1) above, the vibrating device vibrates the connecting cylinder and the tank. Vibration is difficult to transmit effectively because it is generally thick enough to withstand the internal pressure. Therefore, there is a problem that the vibration transmitted to the granular material in the tank is small, and the effect of suppressing the blocking and the bridge in the tank is insufficient. In particular, when the powder has a particle diameter on the order of microns, the above tendency becomes more remarkable. It is conceivable to use a vibration device with a larger vibration force, but equipment costs will increase,
It is not an effective solution.

Further, in the case of the discharge method and apparatus of the above (2), the vibration by the vibrating device is limited to around the bottom of the tank, so that the vibration is more easily transmitted to the granular material than in the case of the above (1). Again, since the object to be vibrated is large, there is a problem that a powerful vibrating device is required to sufficiently transmit the vibration to the granular material. Further, since the tank must be divided into an upper part and a bottom part, and both must be connected by bellows, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes complicated and the cost is high.

[0008] Further, in the above (1) and (2), in which the whole or a part of the tank is vibrated to promote the discharge of the granular material, when the diameter of the tank is enlarged, the vibration is hardly transmitted to the outer periphery. . For this reason, when increasing the storage capacity of the granular material in the tank, the height of the tank is increased. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to a supply device for powdery granules used in places where the height is limited, such as in a tunnel, the amount of powder stored in a tank is likely to be limited. In addition, even when the present invention is applied to an apparatus for supplying a granular material used in an open place, if the height of the tank is increased to increase the amount of powder stored in the tank, the opening of the granular material performed from the top of the tank is performed. There is also a problem that a scaffold or the like is required at the time of introduction.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and uses a small vibrating device for dropping and discharging a granular material in a tank to a next-stage device connected to the bottom of the tank. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to stably drop and discharge the powder and granules by simple means. Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to maintain stable dropping and discharging of powder and granules even as a horizontal tank (a tank having a diameter or width larger than the height).

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a method for dropping and discharging a powdery material in a tank to a next-stage device connected to a discharge portion at the bottom of the tank. In the discharge method, a support plate sandwiched between elastic connections from above and below is interposed at a connection portion between the discharge portion at the bottom of the tank and the next-stage device, and the support plate is vibrated to thereby support the support plate inside the connection portion. The present invention provides a method for discharging a granular material, wherein the granular material is dropped and discharged while vibrating a vibrating plate provided upright.

[0011] The present invention also provides a powder and particle discharge device for dropping and discharging powder in a tank to a device at the next stage connected to a discharge at the bottom of the tank. In the connecting part of the device, a supporting plate sandwiched between elastic connections from above and below, and partly extending outward from the connecting part is interposed, and the outwardly extending part of the supporting plate is A vibrating device is provided, and a vibrating plate provided upright on a support plate inside a connecting portion is provided.

Further, according to the present invention, the tank containing the powder and the powder, and the powder which is discharged from the tank with the upper portion of the casing connected to the tank bottom, are sequentially transferred to the bottom of the casing as the rotor in the casing rotates. Discharging the powder and granules into a powder and granule supply device having a rotary feeder for feeding the powder and granules and a transport pipe connected to the casing bottom of the rotary feeder and transporting the powder and granules sent to the casing bottom by compressed air. It also provides for using the device.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a left side sectional view showing an example of a powder and granular material supply device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the powder and granular material supply device of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is an expansion perspective view.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 2 denotes a tank containing the granular material 3, and an openable top cover 4 for refilling the granular material 3 is provided at an upper portion of the tank 2, and a funnel is provided at the bottom of the tank 2. The discharge portion 5 is formed into a discharge portion 5 having a lower end that is open.

A rotary feeder 6 is located below the tank 2 as a next stage device for receiving the granular material 3 dropped and discharged from the tank. The rotary feeder 6 has a rotor 8 that rotates in a casing 7, and the upper part of the casing 7 is connected to the discharge part 5 of the tank 2, and is dropped and discharged from the tank 2 to the upper part in the casing 7. The powders 3 are sequentially and quantitatively sent out to the bottom of the casing 7 as the rotor 8 rotates. A motor with a transmission, such as a ring cone, or a motor with a frequency variable device, such as an inverter, can be used to rotate the rotor 8. By changing the rotation speed of the rotor 8, it is possible to change the supply amount of the granular material. is there.

A transport pipe 9 is connected to the bottom of the casing 7 of the rotary feeder 4 for transporting the granular material sent to the bottom of the casing 7 by compressed air. Although not shown, a compression device such as a blower or a compressor (which is usually provided with a dryer) is connected to one end of the transport pipe 9.

The compressed air supplied to the transport pipe 9 has a pressure of usually 7 kg / cm ² or less, and a part of the compressed air enters the tank 2 through a slight gap between the rotor 8 and the casing 7. To increase the internal pressure of the tank 2. Therefore, the tank 2 is preferably designed to withstand a pressure of 0.5 to ¹⁰ kg / cm ² , depending on the pressure of the compressed air, so as to withstand the increase of the internal pressure.

The discharge device according to the present invention is provided at a connection between the discharge portion 5 of the tank 2 and the rotary feeder 6. More specifically, the discharge device includes a vibration plate 1 located in a connection portion, a support plate 10 on which the vibration plate 1 is erected, elastic connectors 11 and 11 sandwiching the support plate 10 from above and below, And a vibration device 12 provided on a portion of the support plate 10 extending outward from the support plate 10. The support plate 10 and the elastic connectors 11, 11 located above and below the support plate 10 are formed by a flange portion 13 provided at a lower edge of the discharge unit 10 and a flange provided at an upper edge of the casing 7 of the rotary feeder 6. It is sandwiched between the flange portions 13 and 14 when connecting the portion 14 by bolting.

The vibrating device 12 in the discharge device vibrates the entire supporting plate 10 while elastically deforming the two elastic connecting bodies 11, 11 and also vibrates the vibrating plate 1 erected on the supporting plate 10. is there. In order to efficiently transmit the vibration of the vibration device 12 as the vibration of the vibration plate 1, the tightening of the bolts between the flange portions 13 and 14 is performed within a range in which the granular material 3 does not leak or the connection is not shifted. Therefore, it is preferable to set the tightening force to such a degree that the two elastic connection bodies 11 and 11 are easily elastically deformed. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 20 denotes a bolt hole for passing a bolt.

The support plate 10, as clearly shown in FIG.
It is a rectangular frame having an opening 15 at a position slightly offset to one side. The opening 15 is for dropping and discharging the granular material 3 and has substantially the same size and shape as the opening of the discharge part 5 of the tank 2. Although the shape of the support plate 10 and its opening 15 in this example is square, if the outer shape and the opening shape of the discharge part 5 of the tank 2 are circular, for example, it is preferable that the shape is the same as this.

One side of the support plate 10 extends out of the connection between the discharge portion 5 of the tank 2 and the rotary feeder 6, and a vibrating device 12 is attached to the extended portion. I have. The vibration device 12 is for vibrating the vibration plate 1 via the support plate 10 as described above.
It is preferable that vibrations in the thickness direction of the vibration plate 1 be mainly applied to the support plate 10. When the vibration is applied in such a direction, the vibration plate 1 is caused to vibrate in a direction in which the vibration plate 1 easily bends, so that the vibration plate 1 is easily vibrated and the vibration of the vibration plate 1 is effectively transmitted to the granular material 3. Can be. In addition, the vibration in the above direction is substantially horizontal, and the elastic connection members 11 can easily prevent the vibration from being dispersed and attenuated to the tank 2 and the rotary feeder 6.

As the plate vibration device 12, a known vibration motor or the like can be used. According to the findings of the present inventors, when a two-pole vibration motor is used as the vibration device 12 in the present invention, 25 to 50% of the two-pole vibration motor used in (1) described in the related art is used. Vibration force is sufficient. Also, since the vibration motor normally applies vibration mainly in the vertical direction to the installation surface, the support plate 1
In order to be able to apply vibration in the above-described direction to 0, it is preferable to mount the vibration motor (vibration device 12) sideways as shown in FIG.

The lower end of the diaphragm 1 is inserted so as to cross the center of the inside of the opening 13 of the support plate 10, and the lower end of the diaphragm 1 is fixed to the periphery of the opening 13. The diaphragm 1 is provided upright on the support plate 10. The support plate 10 and the diaphragm 1 can be made of a general steel material (mild steel, stainless steel, etc.), and the attachment of the diaphragm 1 to the support plate 10 can be performed by welding or screwing.

It is preferable that the supporting plate 10 is mounted substantially horizontally and the vibrating plate 1 is erected substantially vertically with respect to the supporting plate 10 so that the vibration can be transmitted to the granular material 3 without bias. .

The height of the diaphragm 1 depends on the size, shape, thickness and the like of the diaphragm 1, but is 1 to 5 times the inner diameter of the discharge section 5 when the opening of the discharge section 5 is circular. Preferably,
When the opening of the discharge portion 5 is rectangular, it is preferable that the opening is 1 to 3 times the length of the opening in the longitudinal direction. If the height of the diaphragm 1 is too small, the vibration of the diaphragm 1 becomes small,
Vibration transmitted to the body is also reduced, and it is difficult to obtain a high discharge promoting effect. Conversely, if the height of the diaphragm 1 is too high,
Is increased, and the joint between the diaphragm 1 and the support plate 10 is easily damaged.

The diaphragm 1 may be a square or rectangular flat plate, but in order to make the tip (upper end) flexible, a trapezoidal shape with a narrower upper end or a larger connection area with the support plate 10 is provided. For this purpose, a wedge or cone shape in which the thickness is large at the base portion (the support plate 10 side) side and small at the distal end side can be used.

The elastic connecting bodies 11 in this embodiment have a shape (usually a circle or a square) sandwiched between the two flanges 13 and 14 and have an opening corresponding to the opening 15 of the support plate 10 at the center. It is composed of an annular rubber plate having 16,16. The elastic connectors 11 enable the vibration of the vibrating device 12 to be transmitted to the support plate 10 without greatly attenuating it. In addition to the rubber plate as in this embodiment, other elastic members such as springs are used. Can also be used. However, when a spring or the like is used, it is necessary to prevent leakage of the powder and granules in combination with a flexible material surrounding the connection between the discharge part 5 of the tank 2 and the rotary feeder 6. The elastic connection bodies 11 made of rubber plates also serve as packing for the connection parts, and are preferable in that the structure is simple.
As the rubber plate, general-purpose rubbers such as NBR, SBR, and silicone rubber can be used.

When the discharge device of the present invention is applied, the tank 2 is replaced with a vertical tank 2 as shown in FIGS.
(Tank 2 smaller in diameter or width than height)
There is an advantage that a horizontal tank 2 as shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained. The horizontal tank 2 shown in FIG. 4 has a structure in which end plates 18 are welded to both ends of a cylindrical body 17, and a powder (not shown) is discharged inside the discharge unit 5.
Is attached. The inclination angle of the inclined plate 19 can be made smaller by 10 to 20 degrees than the repose angle of the granular material by a combination with the above-described discharge device. Therefore, when the capacity of the tank 2 is increased, the height of the tank 2 can be suppressed low by using the horizontal tank 2 as shown in FIG. It is easy to handle, and it is easy to open the bag from the upper lid 4.

Examples of the powder particles discharged and supplied according to the present invention include not only general powder particles but also cement-based materials and quick-setting materials. The quick-setting material is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include calcium aluminates, aluminum salts such as sodium aluminate and aluminum sulfate, and alkali carbonates.

[0031]

The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples and comparative examples.

Examples 1 to 3 Emission tests were performed with a supply device as shown in FIGS.

As the powder, a calcium aluminate powder having an average particle diameter of 10 μm and a repose angle of 50 ° was used. The tank was a 250 liter vertical tank having a rectangular opening with a length of 200 mm and a width of 80 mm and a bottom surface inclined at 50 degrees toward the discharging section. In each test, the powder and granules were placed in this tank. I went after filling.

The diaphragm has a width of 78 mm and a thickness of 10 m.
m, a rectangular flat plate whose height was changed in the following three ways was used. NBR is used as an elastic connector provided above and below the support plate.
Was used.

As a vibration device, a vibration motor is used.
The vibration force was set at 50 kg.

Compressed air having a flow rate of 2.5 m ³ / min and a pressure of 4 kg / cm ² was supplied to the transport pipe connected to the rotary feeder, and the rotation speed of the rotor of the rotary feeder was 6 rpm.

The height h of the diaphragm was as follows. Note that w is the length of the discharge opening in the longitudinal direction.

Diaphragm A: h = 200 mm, h: w = 1: 1 (Example 1) Diaphragm B: h = 400 mm, h: w = 2: 1 (Example 2) Diaphragm C: h = 600 mm , H: w = 3: 1 (Example 3) As a result of the discharge test, in any of the above diaphragms A to C,
The powder in the tank could be completely discharged while maintaining a stable discharge state.

Examples 4 to 6 Using the vibration plate B shown in Examples 1 to 3, the vibration force was changed by changing the angle of the balance weight of the vibration motor, and a discharge experiment was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3. Was done.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 1 and 2 The vibration motor was directly fixed to the inclined portion of the tank bottom without the vibration plate, and the vibration force was changed by changing the angle of the balance weight of the vibration motor. An emission experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 1.

[0043]

[Table 1]

Examples 7 and 8 Using the diaphragms B shown in Examples 1 to 3, the elastic connection body was changed to a rubber plate of SBR (Example 7) and a rubber plate of silicone rubber (Example 8). When a discharge test was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, it was possible to completely discharge the granular material in the tank while maintaining a stable discharge state by any of the elastic connection bodies.

Examples 9 to 11 Using the diaphragms B shown in Examples 1 to 3, discharge tests were performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 using various tanks.

Table 2 shows the results.

[0047]

[Table 2]

[0048]

The present invention is as described above. Since the vibration plate 1 erected on the support plate 10 can be vibrated intensively, the vibration can be effectively transmitted to the granular material 3. ,
The stable drop discharge can be maintained by the vibration device 12 having a small vibration force. In addition, a support plate 10 on which the diaphragm 1 is erected is interposed between elastic members 11 at a connection between the discharge unit 5 at the bottom of the tank 2 and the next-stage device such as the rotary feeder 6. The above effects can be obtained with a simple configuration, and the facility load is extremely small. Furthermore, since the horizontal tank 2 can maintain a good discharge state, the capacity of the tank 2 can be increased without inconvenience when the capacity of the tank 2 is increased by increasing the height of the tank 2. is there.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a left side sectional view showing an example of a powdery material supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the supply device of the granular material of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view around a diaphragm.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a horizontal tank.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vibration plate 2 Tank 3 Granular material 4 Top lid 5 Discharge part 6 Rotary feeder 7 Casing 8 Rotor 9 Transport pipe 10 Support plate 11 Elastic connector 12 Vibration device 13 Flange part 14 Flange part 15 Opening 16 Opening Part 17 Cylindrical body part 18 End plate 19 Inclined plate 20 Bolt hole

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method for discharging a powder and a granule in a tank, wherein the powder and the granule in the tank are dropped and discharged to a next-stage device connected to a discharge unit at a bottom of the tank. A support plate sandwiched between elastic connections from above and below is interposed at the connection part, and by vibrating this support plate, the granular material falls while vibrating the diaphragm erected on the support plate inside the connection part A method for discharging a powdery material characterized by discharging. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the supporting plate is vibrated in a thickness direction of the diaphragm. 3. A discharge device for a powdery material for dropping and discharging a granular material in a tank to a next device connected to a discharge portion at the bottom of the tank, wherein the discharge portion at the bottom of the tank is connected to the next device. A support plate that is sandwiched by elastic connecting bodies from above and below and that partly extends outward from the connection part is interposed in the part, and a vibration device is attached to the part of the support plate that extends outward. And a vibration plate provided upright on a support plate inside the connection portion. 4. The apparatus for discharging granular material according to claim 3, wherein the vibrating device applies vibration mainly to the thickness direction of the vibrating plate to the supporting plate. 5. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said elastic connecting member is an annular rubber plate. 6. The height of the diaphragm is 1 to 5 times the inner diameter of the discharge section when the opening of the discharge section is circular, and 1 to 5 times the longitudinal length of the opening when the opening of the discharge section is rectangular. The apparatus for discharging a granular material according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the number is three times. 7. The apparatus for discharging a granular material according to claim 3, wherein the tank is a horizontal tank. 8. A tank accommodating the granular material and an upper portion of the casing are connected to the tank bottom, and the granular material dropped and discharged from the tank is sequentially sent to the casing bottom as the rotor in the casing rotates. Rotary feeder, in the supply device of the granular material having a transport pipe connected to the casing bottom of the rotary feeder and transporting the granular material delivered to the casing bottom by compressed air,
An apparatus for supplying a granular material, comprising the apparatus for discharging a granular material according to any one of claims 3 to 7.