JPH11200522A - Heat insulation panel and heater panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a heat insulation panel in which heat uniformly diffuses, temperature unevenness does not occur and heating efficiency is excellent by making an upper layer a polyurethane foamed layer reinforced with carbon fiber and making a lower layer a polyurethane foamed layer. SOLUTION: A heat insulation panel 1 comprising two layers of an upper layer and a lower layer wherein the upper layer is a polyurethane foamed layer 12 reinforced with carbon fiber, the lower layer is a polyurethane foamed layer 11 and the foaming magnification of both the polyurethane foamed layers is 3-6 times with regard to an upper layer and a lower layer together is provided. In addition, the uppermost layer comprising a polyurethane foamed layer 13 reinforced with non-conductive fiber is laminated on the upper layer 12 of the heat insulation panel 1 to constitute a heater panel 3. Thereby the heat insulation panel 1 and the heater panel 3 wherein heat uniformly diffuses, temperature unevenness does not occur and heating efficiency is excellent can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a panel with high heating efficiency used for houses, buildings, condominiums and the like.

[0001]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in floor heating in which hot water is circulated under a floor, a method is generally used in which a flexible pipe is laid just below the floor and hot water is passed through the pipe.

[0002]

However, even if the flooring material which is usually used is made of wood, fibrous or synthetic resin, it cannot be said that the thermal conductivity is good, so that the heat is not uniform. Therefore, there is a problem that temperature unevenness occurs on the floor surface and heating efficiency is poor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a heat insulating panel and a heater panel having good heating efficiency, in which heat is uniformly diffused and temperature unevenness does not occur on a floor surface. The purpose is to do.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating panel comprising a polyurethane foam layer having an upper layer reinforced with carbon fibers and a polyurethane foam layer being a lower layer. Wherein the expansion ratio of the polyurethane foam layer is 3 to 6 times for both the upper layer and the lower layer.

A heater panel according to a second aspect of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the second aspect of the present invention) has an uppermost layer made of a polyurethane foam layer reinforced with a non-conductive fiber laminated on the upper layer of the heat insulating panel of the first aspect of the present invention. It is characterized by having been done.

[0006] When the expansion ratio of the polyurethane foam layer used in the present invention is less than 3 times, sufficient heat insulating performance cannot be obtained, and when it exceeds 6 times, the strength becomes insufficient. . Above all, a foaming ratio of 4 to 5 times is preferable.

When the total thickness of both the heat insulating panel of the present invention 1 and the heater panel of the present invention 2 is less than 20 mm, it is difficult to secure a heat transmission coefficient as a heat insulating material.
0 mm or more is necessary, and it is preferable that it is 30 mm or more.

The carbon fiber used in the present invention is preferably a random mat rather than one in which the fibers are aligned in one direction in order to improve the thermal diffusion of the obtained panel. Paper, chopped strand mat and the like can be mentioned.

The ratio of the carbon fibers in the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the carbon fibers is 2% by volume.
If it is less than 0%, the thermal conductivity of the reinforcing layer is insufficient and the heat diffusion effect is insufficient, and the volumetric electric resistance becomes too large when the layer is energized, and the energy efficiency when the layer generates heat by energizing is reduced. If it exceeds 60%, the polyurethane resin content is reduced, the adhesion to the lower layer is insufficient, and the lower layer is apt to peel off, and the volume electric resistance becomes too low when electricity is supplied to this layer, and the calorific value decreases. Insufficient and insufficient performance as a heater panel
0-60% is preferred.

When the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with carbon fibers is less than 0.1 mm, the heat diffusion effect of the reinforcing layer is insufficient, and the heat generation when the layer is energized becomes poor. Since the heat insulation performance of the entire panel exceeding 5 mm is reduced, and the amount of heat generated when this layer is energized becomes excessive and the temperature control becomes difficult, the thickness is preferably 0.1 to 5 mm.

The lower layer may be composed of a polyurethane foam layer alone, but may be arbitrarily reinforced with glass fiber, aramid fiber, or the like, if necessary.

The non-conductive fibers used in the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the non-conductive fibers of the heater panel of the present invention 2 include, for example, glass mats, aramid fiber mats, and asbestos. Glass mats are preferred from the viewpoint of price and impregnation of polyurethane resin.

Examples of the glass mat include chopped strand mats, cloths and continuous strand mats. When the thickness of the glass mat is less than 0.5 mm, the thickness as a surface insulating layer when the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the carbon fiber is energized to generate heat is insufficient, and the temperature control of the surface is not sufficient. When the thickness is more than 5 mm, the heat generation is difficult to be transmitted to the surface, and the performance as a heater panel is deteriorated.

Next, a method for manufacturing the heat insulating panel of the first embodiment will be described. A carbon fiber having a predetermined thickness is placed in a mold, the mold is closed, and a polyol component and an isocyanate component for forming a foamed polyurethane are mixed by a mixing / discharging machine by a conventionally known technique, and the mixture is injected into the mold and the mold is filled. To form a panel. As shown in FIG. 1, the obtained panel had a structure composed of a polyurethane foam layer 12 in which the upper layer was reinforced with carbon fibers and a polyurethane foam layer 11 in the lower layer, and was superior to the lower polyurethane foam layer 11. The heat insulation panel 1 has a heat insulation effect.

In the above method, as described above, it is optional to place a carbon fiber in the mold, place a glass mat or the like as necessary, close the mold, and form a panel in the same manner as described above. .

When the heat insulating panel 1 is used as a floor heating panel, in the above method, a pipe material for circulating hot water such as a copper pipe or a crosslinked polyethylene pipe is placed on the carbon fiber. A panel is formed as described above. As shown in FIG. 2, the obtained panel becomes a heat insulating panel 2 having a configuration in which a tube 21 for hot water circulation is disposed immediately below a polyurethane foam layer 12 reinforced with carbon fibers as an upper layer.

Next, a method for manufacturing a heater panel according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. A non-conductive fiber of a predetermined thickness is placed in a mold, then a carbon fiber of a predetermined thickness is placed on the non-conductive fiber, the mold is closed, and in the same manner as in the present invention 1,
The panel is formed by foaming and curing the polyurethane resin in the mold. The resulting panel, as shown in FIG. 3, had a polyurethane foam layer 1 in which the top layer was reinforced with non-conductive fibers.
3. Polyurethane foam layer 1 whose upper layer is reinforced with carbon fiber
2. The lower layer is a panel having a three-layer structure of a polyurethane foam layer 11. The polyurethane foam layer 12 reinforced with carbon fibers is provided with electrodes at both ends of the panel, and lead wires 31, 31 are connected thereto. When electricity is applied through the lead wires, the layer 12 becomes the heater panel 3 that generates heat.

(Function) The heat insulating panel of the present invention 1 is a panel comprising two layers, an upper layer made of a polyurethane foam layer reinforced with carbon fibers and a lower layer made of a polyurethane foam layer. Upper and lower layers are 3 ~
Since it is 6 times, heat is uniformly diffused by the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the upper carbon fiber, and there is no temperature unevenness on the panel surface, and the lower polyurethane foam layer has higher heat insulation. Insulation panel with good heating efficiency.

The heater panel of the present invention 2 is reinforced with carbon fibers because the uppermost layer made of a polyurethane foam layer reinforced with non-conductive fibers is laminated on the upper layer of the heat insulating panel of the present invention 1. When the polyurethane foam layer is energized to generate heat, it is insulated by the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with non-conductive fibers in the uppermost layer, and the heat spreads evenly, causing uneven temperature on the panel surface. In addition, the lower polyurethane foam layer assures high heat insulation and provides a heater panel with good heating efficiency.

[0020]

[Example] (Example 1) Mold (900 mm long x 900 m wide)
m × depth 35 mm), put 50 g / m ² carbon fiber paper (Petka Melbourne) as carbon fiber,
Close the mold and make the expansion ratio 4 times by the usual method.
A polyol component and an isocyanate component for forming a foamed polyurethane were mixed by a mixing / discharging machine, poured into the mold, and foam-hardened in the mold to form a panel. The polyurethane foam layer reinforced with carbon fiber of the obtained panel,
The thickness was 0.3 mm, and the volume content of carbon fibers was 50%. One corner of this panel was heated to 50 ° C. by a heater, and after 10 seconds, the temperature of the other diagonal corner was measured. Also, the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction is determined by JI
The value measured according to SK 7120 is 0.04 kc
al / m · h · ° C.

(Example 2) 100 g / m2 as carbon fiber
^A panel was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the carbon fiber felt (Melbourne manufactured by Petka) of No. 2 was used. The polyurethane foam layer reinforced with carbon fibers of the obtained panel has a thickness of 3 mm and a volume content of carbon fibers of 30%.
Met. The temperature at the other corner and the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction measured in the same manner as in Example 1 were 48 ° C. and 0.03 kca, respectively.
1 / m · h · ° C.

Comparative Example 1 A panel was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no carbon fiber was used. When the temperature and the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the other corner of the panel obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 were measured, they were 25 ° C. and 0.02 kcal, respectively.
/ M · h · ° C.

Comparative Example 2 A panel was formed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the expansion ratio of the polyurethane foam was adjusted to twice. The polyurethane foam layer reinforced with carbon fibers of the obtained panel had a thickness of 3 mm and a volume content of carbon fibers of 30%. The temperature of the other corner and the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction measured in the same manner as in Example 1 were 50 ° C., respectively.
0.3 kcal / m · h · ° C.

(Comparative Example 3) A rigid vinyl chloride plate (900 mm long × 900 mm long) having a size of 900 mm long × 900 mm wide × 10 mm deep was used instead of carbon fiber.
A panel was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the width of the panel was 900 mm). When the temperature and the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the other corner of the panel obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 were measured, they were 22 ° C. and 0.03 kcal / m · h · ° C., respectively.
Met.

Table 1 summarizes the performance of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention 1, the panel is excellent in heat diffusion performance and heat insulation.

[0026]

[Table 1]

(Embodiment 3) Mold (900 mm long × 900 wide)
mm × depth 30 mm), as a glass mat, continuous strand mat (Asahi Fiber Co., Ltd. # 90)
0), and then 100 g / m ² carbon fiber paper (Melbourne manufactured by Petka) is placed as the carbon fiber, the mold is closed, and a polyol for forming a foamed polyurethane by a conventional method so that the expansion ratio becomes 4 times. The component and the isocyanate component were mixed by a mixing / discharging machine, injected into the mold, and foam-hardened in the mold to form a panel. The thickness of the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the glass mat of the obtained panel is 2 mm, and the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the carbon fiber is 0.5 mm and the volume content of the carbon fiber is 50%. Met. In a 5 ° C. atmosphere, the surface of the panel (the surface of the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the glass mat) was adjusted to 25 ° C., and electricity was supplied to the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the carbon fibers. After the surface temperature reached 25 ° C., the power consumption required to maintain the surface temperature at 25 ° C. was measured and found to be 2 w · h. Further, when the variation due to the temperature position near the center of the panel was examined, it was ± 1 ° C.

Example 4 50 g / m ² as carbon fiber
A panel was formed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that carbon fiber felt (Melbourne manufactured by Petka) was used. The thickness of the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the glass mat of the obtained panel was 2 mm, and the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the carbon fiber was 3 mm and the volume content of the carbon fiber was 30%. Was. Variations in required power consumption and temperature when energized in the same manner as in Example 3 were 3w ·
h, ± 0.5 ° C.

(Comparative Example 4) A panel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the dimensions of the mold were 900 mm in length × 900 mm in width × 35 mm in depth, and the expansion ratio of polyurethane was zero (no foaming). Formed. The thickness of the polyurethane layer reinforced with the glass mat of the obtained panel is 2 mm, and the thickness of the polyurethane layer reinforced with the carbon fiber is 3 mm.
In mm, the volume content of carbon fibers was 30%. The variations in required power consumption and temperature when current was supplied in the same manner as in Example 3 were 10 w · h and ± 3 ° C., respectively.

Comparative Example 5 As shown in FIG. 4, from the top, a cushioning surface layer 41 of 5 mm thick butyl rubber, an intermediate layer 42 of 5 mm thick asbestos, as shown in FIG.
In the same manner as in Example 3, electric power was supplied to the sheet heater 43 of the heater panel 4 composed of three layers of sheet heaters 43 each formed of a plate heater having a nichrome wire wired therein. When the variations were examined, they were 15 w · h and ± 5 ° C., respectively.

Table 2 summarizes the performances of Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5. As can be seen from Table 2, in Examples 3 and 4 of the present invention 2, the panel is excellent in heat diffusion performance and power saving (good heating efficiency).

[0032]

[Table 2]

[0033]

The structure of the heat insulating panel of the present invention 1 is as described above. According to the present invention, the heat is uniformly diffused by the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with the upper carbon fiber, and the temperature of the panel surface is reduced. There is no unevenness, and the lower polyurethane foam layer ensures high heat insulating properties, resulting in a heat insulating panel with good heating efficiency.

The configuration of the heater panel of the present invention 2 is as described above. According to the present invention, when the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with carbon fibers is energized to generate heat, the uppermost non-conductive layer is formed. Insulated by the polyurethane foam layer reinforced with fibers, and the heat spreads evenly without causing temperature unevenness on the panel surface.The lower polyurethane foam layer ensures high heat insulation, ensuring good heating efficiency. Heater panel.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another example of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional product.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 Heat insulation panel 11 Polyurethane foam layer 12 Carbon fiber reinforcement layer 21 Piping 3, 4 Heater panel 13 Non-conductive fiber reinforcement layer 31 Lead wire 41 Surface layer 42 Intermediate layer 43 Planar heater

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A panel comprising a polyurethane foam layer in which the upper layer is reinforced with carbon fiber and a polyurethane foam layer in the lower layer, wherein the polyurethane foam layer has an expansion ratio of 3 to 6 times for both the upper layer and the lower layer. A heat insulating panel, characterized in that there is. 2. A heater panel, wherein an uppermost layer made of a polyurethane foam layer reinforced with non-conductive fibers is laminated on the upper layer of the heat insulating panel according to claim 1.