JPH11195489A - El-pl composite element - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an EL-PL composite element causing a phosphor to efficiently emit light so as to obtain light emission in full color by using the ultraviolet light emission of an EL element as an excitation light source. SOLUTION: An EL-PL composite element 1 is equipped with an Al electrode 3 parallel formed on a substrate 2, an insulating film 4 formed on the Al electrode 3, a light emitting body layer 5 formed on the insulating film 4, an insulating film 6 formed on the light emitting body layer 5, an phosphor layer 8 formed on the insulating film 6, and an ITO transparent electrodes 7 formed on the phosphor layer 8. By applying a voltage between the ITO electrodes 7 and the Al electrode 3, ultraviolet light is emitted from the phosphor 5, and fluorescent is emitted from the phosphor 8 by the ultraviolet light. Since the ultraviolet light emission from the light emitting body 5 reaches the phosphor 8 without being absorbed by the transparent electrode, light emission efficiency is enhanced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electroluminescence (EL) -photoluminescence (PL) composite device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Currently, CRTs are used in display devices.
Research and development of a thin and lightweight flat panel display that replaces is being actively conducted. Liquid crystal displays (LCD), thin-film electroluminescence (T)
FEL), a plasma display (PDP), a fluorescent display device (VFD), a light emitting diode (LED), a field emission display (FEDs), and the like. Among them, 15-inch and 33-inch full-color panels have been announced for liquid crystal displays and plasma displays.

The so-called double insulation structure disclosed by Sharp and Inoguchi et al. In 1974 solved the problems of low luminance and short life at once. Recently, it has been reported by Meiji University and Miura et al. That a strong ultraviolet light emission can be obtained in a thin film EL device using a ZnF ₂ host, and various applications as an ultraviolet surface light source are expected.

[0004]

The present inventors have developed an EL-PL composite device as one of the applications. The basic configuration of the EL-PL composite device is shown in FIG.
Two types are conceivable as shown in (a) and (b). FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing a first basic structure, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing a second basic structure.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a first element (21)
A plurality of strip-shaped Al electrodes (23) are formed on a glass substrate (22), and an insulating film (24) such as a-SiNx,
A light emitting layer (25) of F ₂ : Gd or the like and an insulating film (26) are formed in this order, and a plurality of strip-shaped transparent electrodes (27) such as ITO are formed on the insulating film (26) by an Al electrode (23). And a phosphor layer (28) is disposed on the transparent electrode (27). When a voltage is applied between the transparent electrode (27) and the Al electrode (23), the luminous body (25) emits ultraviolet light, and the phosphor (28) emits light using the ultraviolet light as an excitation light source. In this structure, light emission is observed through the transparent electrode (27). Thus, E
The L-PL composite element has a structure in which a phosphor is emitted using ultraviolet light emitted from a conventionally known EL element as an excitation light source.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the second element (31)
Has a structure in which light emission is observed through a glass substrate, and a plurality of strip-shaped transparent electrodes (37) are placed on the glass substrate (32).
Is formed thereon, and an insulating film (34) such as a-SiNx, Z
A light emitting layer (35) of nF ₂ : Gd or the like and an insulating film (36) are formed in this order, and a plurality of strip-shaped Al electrodes (3) are formed on the insulating film (36).
3) is formed orthogonal to the transparent electrode (37), and further the substrate (32)
The phosphor layer (38) is arranged on the lower surface. By applying a voltage between the transparent electrode (37) and the Al electrode (33),
(35) emits ultraviolet light, and the phosphor (38) emits light using the ultraviolet light as an excitation light source, and the emitted light is observed through the substrate (32).

The present inventors refer to the first structure as an inverted laminated structure, and the first inverted laminated structure is more preferable in terms of luminous efficiency than the second structure. The reason is,
In the case of the second structure, about 50% of the ultraviolet light emitted from the luminous body (35) is absorbed by the glass substrate (32),
This is because the luminous efficiency of the phosphor (38) is low, but in the case of the first reverse stacked structure, the ultraviolet light emitted from the luminous body (25) is only slightly absorbed by the transparent electrode (27). Therefore, the present inventors aimed at further improving the luminous efficiency and achieving full color based on the first reverse stacked structure in which ultraviolet light is not absorbed by the glass substrate.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide an EL-light-emitting device that efficiently emits light from a phosphor using ultraviolet light emitted from an EL element as an excitation light source.
PL composite element, and EL capable of emitting full-color light
-To provide a PL composite device.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have proposed the first method.
The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies on the basis of the reverse laminated structure of the above, and have found that a further improvement in luminous efficiency can be obtained if the absorption of ultraviolet light by the ITO transparent electrode is eliminated.

That is, the EL-PL composite device of the present invention comprises a substrate-side electrode formed on a substrate, a first insulating film formed on the substrate-side electrode, and a first insulating film formed on the first insulating film. A light-emitting layer, a second insulating film formed on the light-emitting layer, a phosphor layer formed on the second insulating film, and a transparent electrode formed on the phosphor layer. Then, a voltage is applied between the transparent electrode and the substrate-side electrode to cause the luminous body to emit ultraviolet light, and the ultraviolet light causes the fluorescent substance to emit fluorescence. Thus, the EL-
The PL composite element has a novel inversely laminated structure, and the phosphor emits ultraviolet light from the light emitter without being absorbed by the transparent electrode. Therefore, the luminous efficiency of the phosphor is improved.

In the EL-PL composite device according to the present invention, it is preferable that the phosphor layer is formed by arranging a plurality of band-shaped phosphors in parallel. Further, it is also preferable that the phosphor layer is formed by arranging a plurality of substantially square phosphors in a mosaic shape.

By forming the phosphor layer from a plurality of phosphors in this way, a blue light-emitting phosphor,
When a green light emitting phosphor and a red light emitting phosphor are used,
Full-color light emission is obtained.

Further, in the EL-PL composite device of the present invention, it is preferable that an ultraviolet reflective film is further provided on the transparent electrode. The ultraviolet light reflecting film on the transparent electrode reflects ultraviolet light from the luminous body that has once passed through the phosphor, enters the phosphor again through the transparent electrode, and excites the phosphor, thereby improving the brightness. Further, since ultraviolet rays do not come out from the upper surface of the element (usually, a glass plate), there is no influence of the ultraviolet rays on the human body.

In the EL-PL composite device of the present invention, it is preferable that a rib is formed between phosphors adjacent to each other. The ribs can prevent reflection of external light and improve contrast.

When the respective phosphors are band-shaped as described above and are arranged in parallel, the ribs are formed in a stripe shape. Further, when each phosphor is of a substantially square shape as described above and is arranged in a mosaic shape,
The rib may be formed in a stripe shape or a cell shape.

In an EL-PL composite device in which ribs are formed between phosphors adjacent to each other and have an ultraviolet reflecting film on the transparent electrode and the rib, the luminance is improved by the action of the ultraviolet reflecting film, and The ribs can prevent reflected ultraviolet light from entering the adjacent phosphor. Therefore, in the case of a full-color EL-PL composite device in which blue light-emitting phosphors, green light-emitting phosphors, and red light-emitting phosphors are arranged in a plane, color mixing is prevented. Further, even when the phosphor is monochromatic, a sharp image can be obtained.

In the EL-PL composite device of the present invention, the light-emitting layer is preferably made of ZnF ₂ : Gd, although not particularly limited. Strong ultraviolet light emission is obtained by ZnF ₂ : Gd.

Further, in the EL-PL composite device according to the present invention, when the blue, green and red phosphors are arranged in a plane, the phosphor emits full-color light.

In this case, although not particularly limited,
The light emitting layer is made of ZnF ₂ : Gd, the blue light emitting phosphor is made of BaMgAl ₁₄ O ₂₃ : Eu, the green light emitting phosphor is made of ZnS: Cu, Al, and the red light emitting phosphor is YVO.
₄ : It is preferably made of Eu. Good emission of each color is obtained.

The present invention also relates to any one of the above EL-P
It is an EL-PL display having an L composite element.
The display can be produced by using a EL-PL composite device by a method well known to those skilled in the art.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. [Embodiment 1] FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing an example of an EL-PL composite device according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view along the line II-III. 2 and 3, an EL-PL composite device (1) comprises a substrate-side electrode (3) formed on a substrate (2) and a first insulating film formed on the substrate-side electrode (3). (4), a light emitting layer (5) formed on the first insulating film (4), a second insulating film (6) formed on the light emitting layer (5), It has a phosphor layer (8) formed on the insulating film (6) and a transparent electrode (7) formed on the phosphor layer (8). Then, a voltage can be applied between the transparent electrode (7) and the substrate-side electrode (3).

More specifically, in the EL-PL composite device (1), a plurality of belt-like electrodes, for example, about 0.18 mm wide, which are arranged in parallel on a glass substrate (2) as substrate-side electrodes (3). Metal electrodes are formed. As a metal electrode,
For example, Al electrode, Au electrode, Ag electrode, Cu electrode, Ni
An electrode or the like can be used. Preferably, it is an Al electrode. These metal electrodes can be formed by, for example, a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method, or the like. When precision is not required, a conductive paste can be applied and formed.

On the Al electrode (3), a first insulating film (4) and a second
A luminous body layer (5) sandwiched between the insulating film (6) and the insulating film (6) is provided. The material of the light-emitting layer (5) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ZnF ₂ : Gd and ZnF ₂ : Nd. Among them, ZnF ₂ : Gd is preferable because strong ultraviolet light emission can be obtained.

The ZnF ₂ : Gd will be described in more detail. ZnF ₂ and a Gd compound (eg, GdF ₃ , Gd
A raw material pellet for electron beam evaporation composed of ₂ O ₃ , GdCl ₃ , Gd ₂ S _{3 and the} like can be obtained by sintering, for example, at about 600 ° C. for about 2 hours in an argon atmosphere. The concentration of the Gd compound in ZnF ₂ is, for example, 1.
About 0 to 4.0 mol%, preferably 2.5 mol%
It is about. The ZnF ₂ : Gd active layer can be obtained, for example, by keeping at 150 ° C. in a vacuum chamber and then quenching at 300 ° C. for about 1 hour. Thus, Zn
Zn in which Gd ³⁺ is incorporated as an emission center in the F ₂ lattice
F ₂ : Gd is obtained.

As described above, examples of the Gd compound include GdF ₃ , Gd ₂ O ₃ , GdCl ₃ , Gd ₂ S _{3 and the} like. Among them, when GdCl ₃ is used, the strongest ultraviolet light emission is obtained. Is obtained.

The thickness of the luminous layer (5) is not particularly limited, but is usually about 300 to 900 nm.
nm.

The material of the first insulating film (4) and the second insulating film (6) is not particularly limited. For example, a-SiN
x, Y ₂ O ₃ , Al ₂ O ₃ , Ta ₂ O ₅ , SiO ₂ , B
aTiO ₃ , PbTiO ₃ , PbZrO ₃ , TiO ₂ ,
SrTiO _{3 and the} like can be mentioned. Of these, a-Si
In general, Nx, Y ₂ O ₃ , Al ₂ O ₃ , Ta ₂ O ₅ , and SiO ₂ have a high withstand voltage but a low dielectric constant (10 to 20).
aTiO ₃ , PbTiO ₃ , PbZrO ₃ , TiO ₂ ,
SrTiO ₃ generally has a high dielectric constant (〜100) but a low withstand voltage. Further, a composite film of Ta ₂ O ₅ and SiO _{2 or} the like can be used. Of these, a-SiNx is preferred.

The first insulating film (4) and the second insulating film (6) can be formed by a plasma CVD method, a sputtering method, a sol-gel or the like. In the case of plasma CVD, N
Using H ₃ , H ₂ and SiH ₄ as gas sources, for example, 150
It can be deposited at ° C. The first insulating film (4) and the second
The thickness of the insulating film (6) is not particularly limited, but is usually 200
６００600 nm, for example, 400 nm.

A phosphor layer (8) is disposed on the second insulating film (6). As the phosphor (8), any of a blue light-emitting phosphor, a green light-emitting phosphor, and a red light-emitting phosphor can be used according to a desired color to emit light.

The material of the phosphor (8) is not particularly limited. As the blue light-emitting phosphor, for example, BaMgAl ₁₄
O ₂₃ : Eu, Sr ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu,
(Ca, Sr, Ba) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu,
(Sr, Mg) ₂ P ₂ O ₇ : Eu, Y ₂ SiO ₅ : C
e, ZnS: Ag, Cl and the like. Of these, BaMgAl ₁₄ O ₂₃ : Eu is preferable because of its high conversion efficiency with respect to 311.5 nm ultraviolet light emitted from ZnF ₂ : Gd.

As the green light emitting phosphor, for example,
ZnS: Cu, Al, Zn ₂ SiO ₄ : Mn, Mn
Al ₁₁ O ₁₉ : Ce, Tb, Y ₂ SiO ₅ : Ce, T
b, LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb, Y ₂ O ₂ S: Tb,
BaO.6Al ₂ O ₃ : Mn. Of these, ZnS: Cu, Al is preferable because of its high conversion efficiency with respect to 311.5 nm ultraviolet light emitted from ZnF ₂ : Gd.

As the red light emitting phosphor, for example,
YVO ₄ : Eu, Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu, Y ₂ O ₂ S: E
u, (Y, Gd) BO ₃ : Eu and the like. Of these, YVO ₄ : Eu is preferable because of its high conversion efficiency with respect to 311.5 nm ultraviolet light emitted from ZnF ₂ : Gd.

To form the phosphor layer, for example, a sol-
It can be performed by a gel method, a sputtering method, a molecular beam epitaxy method, or the like. The thickness of the phosphor layer (8) is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.4 to 3 μm, for example, 1 μm.
m.

A plurality of transparent electrodes (7) are arranged on the phosphor layer (8). As the transparent electrode (7), for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO ₂ , ZnO, ITO
A composite of ZnO and ZnO can be used. ITO is preferred. The transparent electrode (7) is, for example, a strip having a width of about 0.18 mm, and is arranged in parallel with the above-mentioned substrate-side electrode (3) at an interval. Transparent electrode (7)
Can be formed by a sputtering method, sol-gel, or the like.

In the EL-PL composite device having such a configuration, when a voltage is applied between the transparent electrode (7) and the substrate-side electrode (3), the voltage between the substrate-side electrode (3) and the transparent electrode (7) is increased. The crossed part corresponds to a pixel, and ultraviolet light is emitted from the luminous body (5),
Fluorescence is emitted from the phosphor (8) using the ultraviolet light as an excitation light source. The phosphor (8) emits ultraviolet light from the phosphor (5),
It reaches the transparent electrode without being absorbed as in the conventional case.
Therefore, the luminous efficiency of the phosphor (8) is, for example, 20 to 50%.
To a degree. In the case of this form, the used phosphor (8)
A single-color light emission according to the above is obtained.

In this configuration, the glass substrate (2) is
7mm, width 23mm, Al electrode (3) width 0.18m
m, ITO transparent electrode (7) 0.18mm width (board side electrode
Area of intersection of (3) and transparent electrode (7): 0.032c
m ² ), and the light-emitting layer (5) is made of ZnF having a thickness of 600 nm.
₂ : GdCl ₃ , the first insulating film (4) and the second insulating film (6) are a-SiNx with a thickness of 400 nm, and the phosphor (8) is BaMgAl ₁₄ O ₂₃ : Eu having a thickness of 1 μm made of blue light emission. In the case of a certain EL-PL composite element (A), an ITO transparent electrode
When a voltage of 600 V was applied between (7) and the Al electrode (3), the maximum blue light emission was 15 cd / m ² .

(Comparative Example) The above EL-layer was prepared except that the layer constitutions of the ITO transparent electrode (7) and the blue light emitting phosphor (8) were reversed.
In the case of the EL-PL composite device (FIG. 1A) which is exactly the same as the PL composite device, the ITO transparent electrode (27)
When a voltage of 600 V was applied between the device and (23), the maximum blue light emission was 12 cd / m ² .

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a modification of the EL-PL composite device shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. The difference from the devices of FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the phosphor layer (8)
However, a plurality of band-shaped phosphors (8B), (8G), (8R) are arranged in parallel, each of these phosphors (8B), (8G), (8
R), a band-shaped ITO transparent electrode (7) is arranged on each of them, and a blue light-emitting phosphor (8
B), the green light emitting phosphor (8G) and the red light emitting phosphor (8R) are arranged in a plane. In this case, full-color light emission can be obtained.

The width of each phosphor is not particularly limited, but is equal to the width of the electrode or about 1.5 times the width of the electrode, for example, about 0.18 mm to 0.27 mm. Blue-emitting phosphor (8B), green-emitting phosphor (8G) and red-emitting phosphor (8R)
As the material of each phosphor (8), those described in the first embodiment can be used.

The blue light emitting phosphor (8B) is made of BaMgAl
₁₄ O ₂₃ : Eu, green light emitting phosphor (8G) is ZnS: Cu, A
1, EL in which the red light emitting phosphor (8R) is made of YVO ₄ : Eu, and each phosphor has a thickness of 1 μm and a width of 0.2 mm.
-When a voltage of 600 V is applied between the ITO transparent electrode (7) and the Al electrode (3) in the case of the PL composite element (others are the same as the element (A)), the maximum light emission is 1 per blue.
5 cd / m ^2, green per 45 cd / m ^2, red per 75 cd / m ² obtained.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of E shown in FIG.
It is a fragmentary sectional view of an improved example of an L-PL compound element. FIG.
The difference from the above-mentioned element is that an ultraviolet reflective film (10) is provided on the upper surface of the ITO transparent electrode (7). UV reflective film (1
As 0), known ones can be used without any particular limitation. For example, TiO ₂ on a glass plate (11)
A film (1) in which a high-refractive-index dielectric film such as SiO ₂ or Ta ₂ O ₅ and a low-refractive-index dielectric film such as SiO ₂ are alternately coated.
0).

By providing an ultraviolet reflecting film (10) on the upper surface of the transparent electrode (7), the luminous body once passing through the phosphor (8)
The ultraviolet light from (5) is reflected on the surface of the reflection film (10), enters the phosphor (8) again through the transparent electrode (7), and excites the phosphor (8), so that the luminance is improved. By the arrangement of the ultraviolet reflecting film (10), for example, an improvement in luminance of about 20% can be obtained. Also, since ultraviolet rays do not come out from the top of the element,
There is no effect of ultraviolet rays on the human body.

[Embodiment 4] FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of E shown in FIG.
It is a fragmentary sectional view of an improved example of an L-PL compound element. FIG.
The difference from the element (1) is that the phosphors ((8B) and (8
G), (8G) and (8R), and (8R) and (8B)), a rib (9) is formed in contact with the side surface of the phosphor. Also,
A rib (9) is also formed on the left side of the phosphor (8R) located on the left end in FIG. 6, and a rib (9) is similarly formed on the right side of the phosphor located on the right end (not shown). Have been. The upper end of the rib (9) is formed so as to be in contact with the ultraviolet reflection film (10). The ITO transparent electrode (7) and the rib
Each phosphor ((8B), (8G), (8
R)), the width of the ITO transparent electrode (7) is made smaller,
There is a gap between the ITO transparent electrode (7) and the rib (9).

In such a configuration, the ultraviolet reflecting film (1)
(0), the ultraviolet light from the luminous body (5) that has once passed through the phosphor (8) is reflected by the reflective film (10), enters the phosphor (8) again through the transparent electrode (7), and becomes fluorescent. Exciting the body (8) increases the brightness. Further, since the reflected ultraviolet light does not enter other phosphors due to the presence of the ribs (9), color mixing does not occur. Further, reflection of external light can be prevented by the rib (9), and the contrast is improved. There is no effect of ultraviolet rays on the human body.

The material for the rib (9) is not particularly limited, but examples of the material for preventing reflection of external light (absorbing external light) include graphite and black inorganic pigments. In order to reflect the light emitted from the phosphor, titanium oxide,
Calcium phosphate and the like.

From such a viewpoint, as shown in FIG.
The rib (9) has a surface layer (9A) for preventing reflection of external light,
It is preferable to have a two-layer structure with the lower layer (9B) for reflecting the light emitted from the phosphor. The surface layer (9A) is preferably formed of graphite, a black inorganic pigment, or the like, and the lower layer (9B) is preferably formed of titanium oxide, calcium phosphate, or the like. FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a preferred example of a rib, and shows an ultraviolet reflecting film (1).
0) is not shown.

The rib 9 can be formed by, for example, a lift-off method or a screen printing method. In the case of the lift-off method, a negative photoresist or a dry film is exposed and developed, a rib material (paste) is buried in a space portion, and then the resist is removed. 2
By sequentially embedding the seed pastes, the two-layer structure is obtained.

[0048]

According to the EL-PL composite device of the present invention,
As described above, the phosphor has a novel reverse stacked structure, and the luminous efficiency of the phosphor is improved. Further, according to the present invention, a full-color EL-PL composite device having high luminance and high contrast can be obtained. In particular, those having ribs formed between phosphors adjacent to each other and those having an ultraviolet reflective film on a transparent electrode are excellent in terms of high luminance and high contrast. The EL-PL composite device of the present invention is useful for EL-PL display applications.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective views showing a basic configuration of an EL-PL composite device.

FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing an example of an EL-PL composite device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modification of the EL-PL composite device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of an improved example of the EL-PL composite device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of an improved example of the EL-PL composite device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a preferred example of a rib in the EL-PL composite device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1): EL-PL composite element (2): Substrate (3): Substrate side electrode (4): First insulating film (5): Light emitting layer (6): Second insulating film (7): Transparent electrode (8): Phosphor (8B): Blue light-emitting phosphor (8G): Green light-emitting phosphor (8R): Red light-emitting phosphor (9): Rib (10): UV reflective film (11): Glass plate

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A substrate-side electrode formed on a substrate, a first insulating film formed on the substrate-side electrode, a light emitting layer formed on the first insulating film, and the light emitting layer A second insulating film formed on the second insulating film, a phosphor layer formed on the second insulating film, and a transparent electrode formed on the phosphor layer; An EL-PL composite element in which a light emitter emits ultraviolet light by applying a voltage between the light emitters, and the ultraviolet light emits fluorescence from the phosphor. 2. The EL-P according to claim 1, wherein the phosphor layer is configured by arranging a plurality of strip-shaped phosphors in parallel.
L composite element. 3. The EL-PL composite device according to claim 1, wherein the phosphor layer includes a plurality of substantially square phosphors arranged in a mosaic pattern. 4. The EL according to claim 1, further comprising an ultraviolet reflection film on the transparent electrode.
-PL composite element. 5. The EL-PL composite device according to claim 1, wherein a rib is formed between phosphors adjacent to each other. 6. The EL-PL according to claim 1, wherein a blue light-emitting phosphor, a green light-emitting phosphor, and a red light-emitting phosphor are arranged in a plane as the phosphor.
Composite element. 7. The EL-PL according to claim 1, wherein the luminous body layer is made of ZnF ₂ : Gd.
Composite element. 8. The phosphor layer is composed of ZnF ₂ : Gd, the blue phosphor is composed of BaMgAl ₁₄ O ₂₃ : Eu, the green phosphor is composed of ZnS: Cu, Al, and the red phosphor is YVO _4. : E according to claim 6, consisting of: Eu.
L-PL composite element. 9. An EL-PL display comprising the EL-PL composite device according to claim 1. Description: