JPH11190568A - Refrigerating unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain sufficient refrigerating capacity with a small quantity of power in a refrigerating unit which is constituted by combining vapor- compression type refrigerating machines with an adsorption type refrigerating machine. SOLUTION: A refrigerating unit performs the regeneration of an adsorption type refrigerating machine 130 (the heating of an adsorbent Si and cooling of desorbed vapor refrigerant) by means of a first vapor-compression type refrigerating machine 110 and cools the condenser 134 of a second vapor- compression type refrigerating machine 120 by means of the refrigerating machine 130. Therefore, the refrigerating unit can obtain a sufficient refrigerating capacity with a small quantity of power by reducing the power (compressing work) of a second compressor 121, because the pressure in a second condenser 122 can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vapor compression type refrigerator for obtaining a cooling capacity by compressing and evaporating a refrigerant, and an adsorption apparatus for adsorbing a vapor refrigerant in an adsorber maintained at a substantially vacuum (0.1 mmHg). The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus in which an adsorbent type refrigerator containing an agent and a liquid refrigerant is combined, and is effective when applied to an air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a refrigerating apparatus combining a vapor compression type refrigerating machine and an adsorption type refrigerating machine, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-186163 is disclosed.
There is an official gazette. And the invention described in the above publication regenerates the adsorption-type refrigerator by the waste heat (condensation heat) of the vapor-compression-type refrigerator (act of desorbing the vapor refrigerant adsorbed by the adsorbent).
It is intended to improve efficiency.

[0003]

However, in a relatively small refrigeration system (such as a general household or small commercial air conditioner), the waste heat temperature from the vapor compression refrigerator is relatively low (usually about 60 ° C). ° C or less), so in the invention described in the above-mentioned publication,
The adsorbent and liquid refrigerant cannot be raised to high temperatures during regeneration.

Therefore, in the invention described in the above publication,
Since the temperature difference between adsorption and regeneration is relatively small, it is difficult to obtain sufficient refrigeration capacity. In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to obtain a sufficient refrigerating capacity with a small amount of power in a refrigerating apparatus combining a vapor compression type refrigerating machine and an adsorption type refrigerating machine.

[0005]

The present invention uses the following technical means to achieve the above object. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the adsorbent (Si) in the adsorbers (131a, 131b) in the regenerated state is generated by the heat generated in the condenser (111) of the first vapor compression refrigerator (110). Is heated, and the vapor refrigerant in the adsorber (131a, 131b) in the regenerating state is condensed by the cooling action of the evaporator (114) of the first vapor compression refrigerator (110). 131a, 131b), the second
The condenser (122) of the vapor compression refrigerator (120) is cooled, and the evaporator (12) of the second vapor compression refrigerator (120) is cooled.
The cooling target is cooled by 4).

Accordingly, the second vapor compression refrigerator (12
0), the pressure inside the condenser (122) can be reduced, so that the compressor (12) of the second vapor compression refrigerator (120) can be reduced.
The power (compression work) of 1) can be reduced. Therefore, the first and second vapor compression refrigerators (110, 120)
In the refrigerating apparatus combining the refrigerating apparatus and the adsorption refrigerating machine (130), a sufficient refrigerating capacity can be obtained with less power.

According to the second to fourth aspects of the present invention, the condenser (1) is cooled by the cooling operation of the adsorber (131a) in the adsorbed state.
12) is cooled and the object to be cooled is cooled by the evaporator (114), and the adsorbent (Si) is heated by the heat generated in the condenser (112) to desorb the adsorbed vapor refrigerant. At the same time, the apparatus is switched at regular intervals between a regeneration state in which the vapor refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent (Si) is condensed by the cooling action of the evaporator (114).

[0008] This makes it possible to simplify the configuration of the refrigeration apparatus and reduce the manufacturing cost of the refrigeration apparatus while obtaining the same effect as the first aspect of the invention. By the way, in the invention described in claim 2, since the operation is performed by switching between the adsorption state and the regeneration state at regular time intervals, the object to be cooled may not be able to be cooled in the regeneration state.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a regenerator (150) cooled by the evaporator (114), and the regenerator (150) cools the object to be cooled when in a regeneration state. It is characterized by. Thereby, the indoor air can be cooled by the cold storage material 150 in the regeneration state.

[0010] The reference numerals in parentheses of the above means indicate the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiment described later.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment)
The refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the present invention is applied to an air conditioner for cooling a room, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 110 and 120 denote first and second vapor compression refrigerators using Freon as a refrigerant,
As is well known, these first and second vapor compression refrigerators 110 and 120 include first and second compressors 111 and 121, first and second compressors 110 and 120, respectively.
Condensers (radiators) 112 and 122, first and second pressure reducers 11
3, 123, first and second evaporators 114 and 124, and first and second accumulators 115 and 125.

The first and second compressors 111 and 121 are driven by an electric motor (not shown), and the number of rotations is controlled by controlling the electric motor. Reference numeral 123 denotes a fixed throttle unit such as a capillary tube. The evaporators 114 and 124 exhibit refrigeration ability by evaporating the refrigerant, and the first and second accumulators 115 and 125 each convert the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 114 into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant. The separated gas-phase refrigerant flows out to the suction side of the first and second compressors 111 and 121.

The interior of each of 131a and 131b is substantially vacuum (0.
The first and second adsorbers are kept at 1 mmHg. The first and second adsorbers 131a and 131b adsorb a liquid refrigerant (water in this embodiment) Lr and an evaporated liquid refrigerant (water vapor). (In this embodiment, silica gel) Si is stored. Then, first and second adsorbent heat exchangers 132a and 132b are disposed in a portion where the adsorbent Si is disposed, and first and second heat exchangers 132a and 132b are disposed in a portion where the liquid refrigerant Lr is located.
Water heat exchangers 133a and 133b are provided, and a heat exchange medium (water in this embodiment) is circulated in each of the heat exchangers 132a, 132b, 133a and 133b.

Reference numeral 134 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger which is disposed outside to exchange heat between a heat exchange medium and outdoor air.
5a to 135d are first to fourth pumps for circulating the heat exchange medium. And each heat exchanger 132a, 132b,
133a, 133b, 134, the first and second condensers 112,
The control of the flow state of the heat exchange medium between the heat exchanger 122 and the first and second evaporators 114 and 124 is performed by the first to fourth four-way valves 136.
This is performed by switching control of a to 136d.
The first to fourth four-way valves 136a to 136d and the first to fourth
The operation of the four pumps 135a to 135d is controlled by an electronic control unit (not shown).

In this embodiment, the first and second adsorbers 131a, 131b and the heat exchangers 132a, 132
b, 133a, 133b, 134, etc.
30 are configured. Next, the operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 will be described. FIG. 1 shows that the first adsorber 131a is in an adsorbing state,
This shows a state in which the second adsorber 131b is in the regeneration state. Since the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant Lr proceeds in the first adsorber 131a, the heat exchange medium flowing through the first water heat exchanger 133a is cooled. The second condenser 122 is cooled.

At this time, since the heat exchange medium cooled by the outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 134 flows through the first adsorbent heat exchanger 132a, the adsorbent Si is cooled.
Therefore, since the temperature rise of the adsorbent Si is suppressed,
A decrease in the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent Si is prevented, and a decrease in the cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigerator 130 is prevented. On the other hand, since the heat exchange medium heated by the first condenser 112 flows through the second adsorbent heat exchanger 132b, the adsorbent Si of the second adsorber 131b desorbs the adsorbed water vapor. Further, since the heat exchange medium cooled by the outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 134 flows through the second water heat exchanger 133b, the desorbed steam is condensed and regenerated.

The electronic control unit controls the first to fourth four-way valves 136a to 136d to switch at regular intervals so that the two adsorbers 131a and 131b alternately enter the adsorption state and the regeneration state. doing. By the way,
FIG. 2 shows the state where the second adsorber 131b is in the adsorbed state and the first adsorber 13
It is a schematic diagram when 1a is a detached state. In addition, FIG.
FIG. 3 is an adsorption isotherm indicating the state of the adsorbent Si in the adsorbers 131a and 131b, and the water adsorption rate of the adsorbent Si is determined by the temperature of the adsorbent Si and the temperature of the liquid refrigerant Lr, as shown in FIG. You. Then, the adsorbent Si adsorbs water at a difference between the point A (regeneration state) and the point B (adsorption state), and the latent heat of evaporation corresponding to the adsorbed water amount becomes the refrigerating capacity of the adsorption refrigerator 130.

Incidentally, as is apparent from FIG.
The time for switching the four four-way valves 136a to 136d is appropriately selected according to the type of the adsorbent Si, the particle size of the adsorbent Si, the filling amount of the adsorbent Si, and the like. It is switched about every 2 to 10 minutes. Next, features of the present embodiment will be described.

According to the present embodiment, the adsorption refrigerator 130
By cooling the second condenser 122, the pressure in the second condenser 122 can be reduced. Therefore, since the power (compression work) of the second compressor 121 can be reduced, the refrigeration apparatus 100 in which the first and second vapor compression refrigerators 110 and 120 and the adsorption refrigerator 130 are combined has less power. And sufficient refrigeration capacity can be obtained.

Hereinafter, the features of the present embodiment will be described with reference to specific examples. The solid line in FIG. 4 is a Mollier diagram of the first vapor compression refrigerator 110, and the broken line in FIG. 4 is a Mollier diagram of the second vapor compression refrigerator 120. And FIG.
As is clear from FIG. 1, the pressure on the high pressure side (first condenser 112 side) of the first vapor compression refrigerator 110 is 0.88 [MP
a], the pressure on the low pressure side (first evaporator 114 side) is 0.46
[MPa], the coefficient of performance (COP1) is about 7.
2. Similarly, the pressure on the high pressure side (second condenser 122 side) of the second vapor compression refrigerator 120 is 0.59 [MPa],
The low pressure side (second evaporator 124 side) pressure is 0.35 [MP
a], the coefficient of performance (COP2) is about 9.9.

In this embodiment, since the cooling of the room air (the object to be cooled) is performed by the second evaporator 124, the second air is cooled.
Assuming that the refrigerating capacity required by the evaporator 124 is X [W], the power of the second compressor 121 is 0.1X (= X / COP).
2) The amount of heat Q generated in the second condenser 122 is [W].
Is {X (1 + 1 / COP2)} [W]. And
Since the heat quantity Q is equal to the refrigerating capacity of the adsorption refrigerator 130, it becomes equal to the latent heat of vaporization of the water refrigerant in the adsorber (131a) in the adsorption state, and the latent heat of vaporization is equal to the latent heat in the regeneration state (131b). Heat of condensation of the vapor refrigerant. Therefore, since the heat quantity Q becomes equal to the refrigerating capacity of the first vapor compression refrigerator 110, the power of the first compressor 111 is 0.1
5X (= Q / COP1) [W], and the total power is 0.
25X “W”.

On the other hand, a single vapor compression refrigerator
In order to exhibit the refrigerating capacity of [W], as shown in FIG.
High pressure side pressure is 1.17 [MPa], low pressure side pressure is 0.3
Since it is 5 [MPa], the coefficient of performance (COP) is about 3.
6. Therefore, a single vapor compression refrigerator has
Since 0.28 X [W] is required to exhibit the refrigeration capacity of [W], power saving of about 10% can be achieved in this embodiment.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first vapor compression refrigerator 110 includes an adsorption refrigerator 130 (adsorbers 131a, 131a, 131a).
31b) In addition to being used only for heating and cooling, since the adsorbent Si in the adsorbed state is cooled,
The temperature of the adsorbent Si can be the same in both the adsorption state and the regeneration state (FIG. 3).
reference).

Therefore, since the amount of heat required to change the temperature of the adsorbent Si itself is not required, the efficiency of the adsorption refrigerator 130 can be improved, and the efficiency of the refrigeration system 100 can be further improved. it can. (Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the first vapor compression refrigerator 110 is eliminated and one vapor compression refrigerator is provided (only the second vapor compression refrigerator 120). In addition, the first adsorber 132a of the adsorption refrigerator 130 is eliminated and only one adsorber is used (only the second adsorber 132b).

When the first condenser 112 is cooled by the cooling action of the adsorber 132a in the adsorbed state, the vapor refrigerant adsorbed by heating the adsorbent 132a by the heat generated in the first condenser 112 By switching the case of desorption and regeneration at regular time intervals, the refrigerating apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment can be simulated. In the present embodiment, a heat exchange medium (water in the present embodiment) is circulated between the second evaporator 124 and the indoor heat exchanger 140 disposed in the room (by a brine method) to generate indoor air. We are trying to cool. Incidentally, 136e and 136f circulate the heat exchange medium between the water heat exchanger 133b and the second evaporator 124, and circulate the heat exchange medium between the indoor heat exchanger 140 and the second evaporator 124. It is a four-way valve that switches between the case and the case to be made.

As a result, the structure of the refrigeration apparatus 100 can be simplified and the manufacturing cost of the refrigeration apparatus 100 can be reduced while obtaining the same effects as those of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. (Third Embodiment) In the second embodiment, since the operation is performed by switching between the adsorption state and the regeneration state at regular time intervals, the room air cannot be cooled in the regeneration state.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a regenerative material 150 is provided in the circulation path of the heat exchange medium (in this embodiment, downstream of the indoor heat exchanger 140). Accordingly, if the heat exchange medium is circulated between the second evaporator 124, the indoor heat exchanger 140, and the cold storage material 150 in the regeneration state, the indoor air can be cooled by the cold storage material 150.

The regenerative material 150 is a latent heat regenerative material utilizing solidification and melting of a substance. In this embodiment, the regenerative material is polyethylene glycol which solidifies and melts at a cooling temperature (about 5 ° C. to 15 ° C.). By the way, in the above embodiment, silica gel is used as the adsorbent Si, but the present invention is not limited to this, and activated carbon, zeolite, activated alumina, or the like may be used as the adsorbent Si.

Further, in the above embodiment, water was used as the liquid refrigerant, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other liquids may be used as long as they are adsorbed by the adsorbent Si such as alcohol and chlorofluorocarbon. It may be a thing. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the accumulator 125 is provided to prevent the liquid refrigerant from being sucked into the compressor 111. However, the accumulator 125 is eliminated, and the outlet side heating of the evaporator 114 is provided as the pressure reducer 113. A temperature-type expansion valve that adjusts the degree of pressure reduction (opening degree) so that the degree becomes a predetermined value may be used. In this case, a receiver may be provided on the outlet side of the condenser 112.

In the above embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the present invention is applied to an air conditioner. However, the application of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to an air conditioner. The present invention can also be applied as a cooling device for cooling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention when a first adsorber is in an adsorption state.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention when a second adsorber is in an adsorption state.

FIG. 3 is an adsorption isotherm showing the state of an adsorbent.

FIG. 4 is a Mollier diagram of a vapor compression refrigerator.

FIG. 5 is a Mollier diagram of a vapor compression refrigerator.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

110 ... first vapor compression refrigerator, 111 ... first compressor,
112 ... first condenser, 113 ... first decompressor, 114 ... evaporator, 115 ... first accumulator, 120 ... second vapor compression refrigerator, 121 ... second compressor, 122 ... second condenser, 123 ... second decompressor, 125 ... second accumulator, 130 ... adsorption refrigerator, 131a ... first adsorber,
131b: second adsorber, 132a: first adsorbent heat exchanger, 132b: second adsorbent heat exchanger, 133a: first water heat exchanger, 123b: second water heat exchanger, 134: outdoor heat exchange vessel.

Claims (4)

[Claims] A compressor (111, 121), a condenser (1)
12, 122), first and second vapor compression refrigerators (110, 120) having decompressors (113, 123) and evaporators (114, 124), an adsorbent (Si) and a liquid for adsorbing vapor refrigerant An adsorbent refrigerator (130) having first and second adsorbers (131a, 131b) in which a refrigerant is stored, wherein both adsorbers (131a, 131b) are adsorbed and the adsorbed vapor refrigerant is desorbed. The state of the first vapor compression refrigerator (110) is switched to the regeneration state for regeneration at regular intervals.
The heat generated in 1) heats the adsorbent (Si) in the adsorber (131a, 131b) in the regenerating state, and removes the vapor refrigerant in the adsorber (131a, 131b) in the regenerating state. The second vapor compression refrigerator is condensed by the cooling operation of the evaporator (114) of the first vapor compression refrigerator (110) and is cooled by the cooling operation of the adsorbers (131a, 131b) in the adsorption state. The condenser (122) of (120) is cooled, and the evaporator (12) of the second vapor compression refrigerator (120) is cooled.
A refrigeration system characterized in that the object to be cooled is cooled according to 4). 2. A compressor (111), a condenser (112),
Adsorption refrigeration having a vapor compression refrigerator (110) having a decompressor (113) and an evaporator (114), and an adsorber (131a) containing an adsorbent (Si) for adsorbing a liquid refrigerant and a vapor refrigerant. Machine (13
0), wherein the condenser (112) is cooled by the cooling action of the adsorber (131a) in the adsorption state, and the object to be cooled is cooled by the evaporator (114); The heat generated in (112) causes the adsorbent (S
i) is heated to desorb the adsorbed vapor refrigerant, and a regenerating state in which the vapor refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent (Si) is condensed by the cooling action of the evaporator (114), at regular intervals. A refrigeration device characterized by switching. 3. A regenerator (150) cooled by the evaporator (114), wherein the regenerator (150) cools the object to be cooled in the regeneration state. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, wherein 4. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cold storage material is a latent heat storage material utilizing solidification and melting of a substance.