JPH11173162A - Gas turbine system and intake air cooling method in summertime - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To contrive a sharp improvement in turbine output in the summertime by removing a part of dust passed through a filter simultaneously with the cooling of intake air, spraying the purified intake air with a mist and lowering the temperature, and evaporating a part of the mists in a compressor, thereby enhancing an intake air cooling effect. SOLUTION: This gas turbine system drives a compressor 5 compressing air, and a gas turbine 6 which receives the compressed air and ignites fuel into combustion is operated by the combustion gas, converting the generated motive power of this gas turbine into electric power and so on. In this gas turbine system suchlike, air to be induced into the gas turbine 6 is inhaled in an inlet car 1 via a filter 2, and cooled by a finned cooling pipe 3 and condensed water is produced, while it is stuck with fine dust passed through the filter 2. After this obtained condensed water is recovered into a tank, it is being made into mist and sprayed from a splayer 4, and then the intake air is cooled by evaporating a part of the mists, whereby water vapor in the intake air is made into a state of saturation and fed to the compressor 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present application relates to a gas turbine system for generating electric power and power having a gas turbine.
It relates to increasing the output by cooling a working fluid (air) of a gas turbine over an inlet of a compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, a gas turbine system for generating electric power and power having a gas turbine has been widely used for a combined cycle system, a coal gasification power generation system and the like.

[0003] However, in the gas turbine system, when the intake temperature of the gas turbine in the summer increases, the air density decreases and the intake air mass decreases, but the compression work of the compressor does not change so much. There is a phenomenon that the output greatly decreases. as a result,
Gas turbine output in summer falls to about 80% of that in winter.

[0004] On the other hand, the peak power demand throughout the year occurs during the daytime in summer, and when the power is most desired, the output of the gas turbine system is greatly reduced because the installation of the gas turbine system is gradually increased. As it increases, the impact on power supply capacity is becoming greater.

[0005] Various techniques have been conventionally proposed to reduce the output when the most output is desired. Many of these proposals are for cooling the intake of a gas turbine to restore output.

Conventionally, a method of cooling the intake air of a gas turbine includes a method of cooling by the heat of evaporation of LNG as a fuel, a method of making ice with nighttime power and cooling by the heat of melting, and a method of cooling by liquid air. Using the heat energy of the gas discharged from the method of injecting water and the waste heat recovery heat exchanger as a heating heat source of the absorption cooling subsystem,
A method utilizing cold heat from this system is known. There is also a technology that utilizes steam from a waste heat recovery heat exchanger.

[0007]

In order to increase the output of a gas turbine in summer to the output in winter or near winter,
It is necessary to reduce the intake air to a temperature in winter or near winter. However, in summer in Japan, the humidity is high and a large amount of water vapor must be condensed to lower the intake air temperature. If it is attempted to lower the intake air temperature in winter or close to winter, about half of the heat absorbed from the intake air will be used for condensation of water vapor.

In order to lower the intake air temperature, it is important to lower the temperature on the cooling side. However, if the temperature of the cooling pipe is lowered below the freezing point, icing occurs on the cooling pipe.
Ice has a significantly lower thermal conductivity than the metal material of the cooling pipe, and its thickness gradually increases, so that the cooling effect is greatly reduced. Therefore, since it is disadvantageous to lower the temperature of the refrigerant below the freezing point, in order to avoid it, especially in the cooling using the specific heat of the refrigerant, the temperature difference between the temperature of the cooling pipe and the temperature of the intake air is small at the end of the intake air cooling. Become. As a result, the surface area of the cooling pipe including the fins and the like increases, and the volume occupied by the cooling pipe and the like also increases, thereby increasing the pressure loss of intake air passing therethrough. Therefore, the output of the gas turbine naturally decreases.

On the other hand, the amount of energy used for lowering the intake air temperature and the equipment that uses it are far from being negligible and desirably as small as possible. In such a situation, it is not desirable in terms of cost to spend about half of the amount of heat for cooling the intake air for the condensation of water vapor.

Further, if the area of the cooling portion of the intake air cooling system in contact with the intake air is large, the pressure loss of the intake air also increases, which has a significant effect on the output reduction.

There is a method of injecting water into the intake air.
Water droplets have a negative effect on compressor blade corrosion. The dust absorbed by the water droplets tends to accumulate on the compressor blade surface, especially on the stationary blade surface when the water droplets evaporate. When dust accumulates on the wing surface, the efficiency of the compressor is reduced, which has an adverse effect on thermal efficiency and output. Therefore, it is not preferable to always put water droplets from the viewpoint of maintenance and performance.

When the amount of water to be injected into the intake air at full load is large, if the speed before the cooling effect is produced in the compressor is increased according to the speed after the cooling effect is produced, the gas turbine output can be increased in winter. It's close, but it's not easy. This is because the difference between the air speed before the cooling effect of the air in the compressor and the design speed becomes large.

Accordingly, the present application is directed to a system that uses a small amount of energy (small cooling capacity), has a small pressure loss when passing through an intake air cooling system, and has a substantially large working fluid (air) in consideration of maintenance. The present invention relates to a gas turbine system having a cooling effect and a method of cooling intake air in the summer.

[0014]

According to the present invention, a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and a gas turbine. In a gas turbine system consisting of devices that convert the generated power into electric power, etc., the compressor intake air is first passed through the filter, and then the compressor intake air is cooled as it is by heat absorption when the refrigerant evaporates. Generate condensed water, adsorb the dust that passed through the filter to this condensed water, and make the water vapor of the intake air sent to the compressor side unsaturated, spray mist before the compressor and evaporate at least a part of it. Cooling the intake air and sending the water vapor in the intake air to the compressor at or near saturation Made from the gas turbine system characterized.

In this intake air cooling, the refrigerant is directly evaporated and cooled without passing through a heat medium such as water (however, through a cooling pipe wall or the like).
Therefore, the difference between the surface temperature of the cooling pipe and the fin (cooling plate) in contact with the cooling pipe and the intake air temperature can be made large. Thereby, the volume of the cooling pipe and the fin can be reduced. If this volume is small, the pressure loss of the intake air can be reduced. If the pressure loss is small, the increase in the load on the compressor is also small. In addition, cooling as it is here does not pass through a heat medium fluid made of a different substance, and, of course, pipes and fins made of metal or the like having high thermal conductivity are passed.

However, with this apparatus, a large capacity and a large power are required to sufficiently cool the intake air, and the cost is high.

When the difference between the surface temperature of the cooling pipe and the fin surface in contact with the cooling pipe and the intake air temperature is large, the "steam reduction (drying) phenomenon of the intake air" described below is likely to occur.

When the surface temperature of the cooling pipe or fin in contact with the intake air has a large difference from the intake air temperature, the moisture in the intake air is cooled and condensed. If the degree of condensation is large, the cooling energy is not sufficiently consumed for cooling the intake air sent to the gas turbine, but is consumed for condensing water vapor in the intake air. Then, intake air higher than expected temperature and less than 100% humidity is sent to the compressor. The degree of humidity of the intake air sent to the compressor has little effect on the gas turbine output. On the other hand, since the intake air temperature has a large direct influence on the gas turbine output, a lower intake air temperature is directly linked to an increase in the output. From this point, it is preferable not to condense the water vapor in the intake air during the intake air cooling.

Therefore, the condensed water generated during the cooling and / or the water supplied from the outside is separately converted into a mist, and at least a part of the mist is evaporated before the entrance of the compressor.
The intake air can be cooled by the evaporation heat generated at this time. As a result, the above-described "steam reduction (drying) phenomenon of the intake air" can be compensated. Thereby, the capacity of the intake air cooling device can be reduced.

During the cooling of the intake air, the water vapor in the intake air is condensed. The condensed water becomes water droplets and / or a water film, and a part of the water adheres to the pipes and fins. In this state, at least a part of the dust that has passed through the filter is adsorbed thereon. This further purifies the intake air sent to the compressor. In the first aspect, it is not prevented that mist enters the compressor.

In the compressor, dust remaining on the blade surface due to evaporation of water tends to accumulate. Therefore, this effect can reduce dust adhesion to the compressor blades,
Suppresses efficiency reduction and output reduction.

The mist (fog) in the compressor
Evaporates as the temperature rises at the inlet side stage (up to the second or third stage) in the compressor. At this time, since the rise in the temperature of the working fluid (air) is suppressed (cooled), it has the same effect as cooling the intake air in order to contribute to an increase in the intake air density. Thereby, the capacity of the intake air cooling device can be further reduced.

According to the first aspect, at the same time as cooling the intake air, a part of the dust that has passed through the filter is removed, a mist is sprayed on the purified intake air to lower its temperature, and a part of the mist is evaporated in the compressor. To obtain the intake air cooling effect.
At this time, since the intake air is cleaned, the amount of dust attached to the compressor can be reduced.

It is preferable that the dust adsorbed on the cooling pipe be jetted with water as shown in FIG. In the drawings of the present application, the cooling pipe is a schematic drawing. In practice, it is preferable that the cooling pipe is arranged sideways, the fins attached thereto are oriented vertically, and the water containing dust flows down.

The method for forming mist of water includes a method of spraying pressurized water, a method using centrifugal force, a method using ultrasonic waves, and a spray using air jet.

According to a second aspect (FIGS. 1 and 2), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving by the combustion gas, and generating power of the gas turbine by electric power etc. In a gas turbine system consisting of equipment that converts the air into a compressor, the intake air of the compressor is first passed through a filter, and then the intake air of the compressor is cooled to a temperature near the freezing point.This cooling generates condensed water and filters this condensed water. Adsorbs dust that has passed through the compressor, and makes the water vapor of the intake air sent to the compressor side unsaturated, but sprays and mixes mist before the compressor to evaporate at least a part of the air and cools the intake air to cool the intake air. Gas turbine system characterized by sending air to a compressor at or near saturation Consisting of. It should be noted that, in the second aspect, it is not prevented that mist enters the compressor.

If a general compression-type cooling (also called refrigeration) apparatus is used for cooling the intake air in the second aspect, it is easy to obtain a low temperature near the freezing point. Since the intake air is cooled at a low temperature near the freezing point, the temperature difference from the intake air can be increased. Therefore, the heat exchange portion can be reduced, and the pressure loss of the intake air can be reduced. Also, cooling the intake air at a low temperature facilitates the condensation of moisture in the intake air, which is advantageous for adsorbing smaller dust that has passed through the filter.

Further, the compression type cooling device has an advantage that its structure is simple and therefore it is easy to use. In addition, a structure that does not use ammonia is generally used, and there is an advantage that the environment near the plant is less affected. Therefore, there are few environmental problems in installing this plant near the city.

According to a third aspect (FIG. 3), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and converts generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In the method of cooling the intake air in the summer of a gas turbine system consisting of equipment that cools, when the system is fully loaded, the intake air is cooled, mist is further mixed into this intake air, and mist is mixed at the same inlet temperature condition at the compressor inlet side. A method of cooling the intake air in the summer of a gas turbine system, characterized in that the inlet guide vanes and / or the first stator vanes are inclined to increase the flow velocity of the intake air at the inlet of the compressor as compared with the case where no cooling is performed.

In a gas turbine compressor,
When the mist evaporates, the working fluid (air) is cooled, whereby the volume in comparison with the same pressure is reduced, and the power for driving the compressor is reduced and the output is increased. However, when the volume of the pressure is reduced, the ultimate pressure ratio in the combustor of the gas turbine is reduced, which is disadvantageous for the output.

In order to improve this, it is necessary to increase the flow rate of the compressor in which the mist evaporates to a flow rate suitable for the subsequent process. To increase this flow rate, increase the flow rate at the compressor inlet. An example of increasing the inlet flow rate can be addressed by placing a blower or pre-compressor in front of the compressor, but this method is costly and its power is not small.

When the intake air of the compressor is cooled only by the water spray and the target cooling effect is aimed at the same level as in winter,
It is necessary to greatly increase the flow rate of the intake air until the water droplet evaporates. Its speed is far from the original design value of the compressor, and it is difficult to respond only by changing the angle of the guide vane.

In the third aspect, since the intake air is cooled and mist is further mixed into the intake air, the rate of increase in the flow velocity at the compressor inlet is much smaller than in the case of only mist spray. Therefore, only by changing the angle of the guide vanes, the output can be made closer to that of winter. That is, intake air cooling,
The effect is further enhanced by combining the three items of mixing mist into the intake air and changing the angle of the guide vane. And it comes closer to the output of the winter season with less cost, less loss and good maintainability.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining claim 3 as well. The upper part of FIG. 3 shows the variable inlet guide vane 5 of the compressor.
6 is a schematic view of a first mist corrosion-resistant blade 54 and a first stage mist as viewed from above. The first stage mist corrosion resistant blades 54 rotate in the direction of rotation of the arrow, thereby compressing the intake air through the variable inlet guide vanes 56. By changing the blade angle of the variable inlet guide vanes 56 and / or the first stage stationary vanes 58, the speed or flow rate fed to the compressor can be changed.

As an example of increasing the speed of feeding into the compressor, the blade angle 57 with respect to the circumferential direction is increased.

The variable inlet guide vanes 56 change the inlet flow rate and output the gas turbine. However, the above-mentioned blade angle is usually outside the range of use with reference to the compressor inlet temperature. Because, in this blade angle region, the compressor is not normally used because it cannot push the working air and has a bad influence such as vibration.

According to claim 4 (FIGS. 8 to 10), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and generates power of the gas turbine by electric power or the like In the method of cooling the intake air in the summer of a gas turbine system consisting of equipment that converts air, the intake air is cooled, and at the peak of daily power demand, mist is mixed into the intake air of the compressor in addition to cooling the intake air, and the actual intake air cooling effect And on the other hand, part 1
When the daily power demand deviates from the peak, the intake cooling is activated, but the mist is suppressed from being mixed into the gas turbine intake, thereby obtaining a different real intake cooling effect even during the day. It consists of a method of cooling the intake air in the summer of the turbine system.

The peak power demand in the summer is several hours centered on 12:00 to 17:00. Especially between 13:00 and 16:00. FIG. 11 shows an example of the power demand in the summer season by an index. Therefore, the effect is very large if mist is added, even if the particle size is rather large, around that time, and the mixing of mist suppresses the influence on the erosion of the moving blade etc. if the season and time are limited. be able to.
Then, after the peak of the power demand, suppressing the addition of the mist (addition of the mist may not be 0) is effective for the erosion of the rotor blade or the like. Even if the mist addition is stopped, if the operation of the intake air cooling is continued, a smooth power supply transition to a low power demand at night can be performed. Continuing the operation of the intake air cooling is advantageous for the thermal efficiency even if the refrigerant compression power loss is deducted, and the adverse effect on the compressor integrity is much less than the addition of the mist.

The relationship between the particle size of the mist-formed water and its equipment and cost is generally such that the smaller the particle size, the larger the equipment and the higher the cost. So the particle size is large,
When a low-cost atomizer is used, there is a problem that erosion of a rotor blade or the like of a compressor proceeds. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the moving blades and the like during a certain period of use. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned technology, the amount of erosion of the rotor blades and the like can be reduced by shortening the time of mixing the mist with a large particle diameter, although there is a limit, of course.

The main peak of the summer power demand has a peak rank, but is several hours a day in the summer and 100 hours a year.
Around an hour. Because of this peak, having a large intake cooling system is not investment-efficient. On the other hand, it is better in terms of investment efficiency to provide a substantial intake cooling effect by providing a minimum or near intake cooling subsystem and further condensing water and the like into mist during the peak period of summer power demand and mixing with intake air.

In claim 5 (FIGS. 8 to 10), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and uses power generated by the gas turbine for electric power or the like In the method of cooling the intake air in the summer of a gas turbine system consisting of equipment that converts air, the intake air is cooled, and at the peak of daily power demand, mist is mixed into the intake air of the compressor in addition to cooling the intake air, and the actual intake air cooling effect And on the other hand, part 1
When the daily power demand deviates from the peak, the intake air cooling is activated, but the mixing of mist into the intake air of the compressor is suppressed more. The method also includes a method of cooling the intake air in the summer of the gas turbine system, characterized by increasing the total time for cooling the intake air. Here, the rated mist amount is the amount of mist mixed at the peak.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas. In a gas turbine system consisting of devices that convert power into electric power, etc., dust is removed from the intake air through a filter. The gas turbine system is characterized in that the gas is supplied to a compressor and the mist is evaporated in the compressor to cool the working fluid.

After the dust contained in the intake air supplied to the compressor passes through the filter, the dust that has passed through the filter is further removed by water droplets or a water film. Thereby, cleaner air is supplied to the compressor to reduce the amount of dust attached to the compressor. This can improve maintainability.

According to claim 7 (FIG. 4), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and converts generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In a gas turbine system consisting of equipment that mixes, mist is mixed into the intake air and evaporated in the compressor of the gas turbine to cool the working fluid, but when spraying the mist on the intake air flowing in the horizontal direction, The gas turbine system is characterized in that it is sprayed at a low density on the lower side or at a lower density and supplied to the compressor.

The mist falls down due to gravity and adheres to the inner wall (mainly the floor). Therefore, by spraying the mist at a high density above the intake chamber or at a low density below the intake chamber, the amount of the mist falling and adhering to the inner wall is reduced. This allows the mist to be efficiently sent to the compressor.

According to an eighth aspect (FIGS. 1 and 2), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and generates power of the gas turbine by electric power or the like In a gas turbine system consisting of devices that convert to air, the compressor intake air is cooled, dust is adsorbed on the condensed water generated by this cooling, dust is further removed from this condensed water, mist is formed, and mixed into the compressor intake air The gas turbine system is characterized in that the mist evaporates in the compressor to cool the working fluid.

The dust is removed by the condensed water, and the condensed water is turned into a mist and mixed into the intake gas of the gas turbine. Therefore, the water recovered by the condensation can be used as it is. Therefore, water resources can be used effectively.

The amount of mist mixed into the gas turbine intake is preferably about 0.5 to 2% of the intake amount. Even at 1%, a great effect can be obtained. On the other hand, 1% is an order of magnitude smaller than 10% of the wetness at the outlet side of a general steam turbine. Therefore, corrosion is not a particularly severe condition as compared with the rotor blade on the steam turbine outlet side.

According to a ninth aspect (FIG. 12), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and converts generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In a gas turbine system consisting of equipment that performs the operation, mist is mixed into the intake air and evaporated in the compressor of the gas turbine to cool the working fluid, but the mist is sprayed on the flow of the intake air flowing vertically or almost vertically before the entrance of the compressor. The gas turbine system is characterized in that the mist is supplied to the compressor and the mist is evaporated in the compressor to cool the working fluid. With this configuration, the amount of mist adhering to a wall such as the intake plenum can be reduced. Therefore, the amount of recovered water can be reduced, and the pump capacity for pumping the spray water can also be reduced.

According to a tenth aspect (FIG. 3), a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and converts generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In a gas turbine system consisting of equipment that mixes mist into the intake air, the mist is generated by spraying pressurized water,
This mist is evaporated in the compressor to cool the working fluid, and in the section where the mist evaporates, the mist corrosion resistance of the moving blades is enhanced more than the mist corrosion resistance of each of the other stationary blades and the moving blades in the other sections. It consists of a characteristic gas turbine system.

In order to convert water into mist, in addition to spraying by applying pressure to water, there are a method using ultrasonic waves, a method using centrifugal force, a method using air injection, and the like. Mist particles can be reduced mainly by ultrasonic waves and centrifugal force, but these are complicated equipment and it is difficult to install many in the intake chamber. Further, since the amount of spray per nozzle is small in the case of injecting air, the number of installed nozzles becomes enormous, and as a result, intake resistance is large.

In the case where water is sprayed by applying pressure, the particle size of the mist tends to be larger than that obtained by other methods. Suitable for However, since the particle size of the mist is rather large, it is important that the mist corrosion resistance of the moving blades is enhanced in the section where the mist evaporates in order to prevent erosion of the compressor blades than the mist corrosion resistance of other blades. The rotor blade is a component subjected to a large centrifugal force, and in that area, higher mist corrosion resistance is required.

The enhancement of the mist corrosion resistance is sufficient in the section where the mist evaporates, and is not particularly required in other areas.

The mist in the intake erodes the rotor blades and the like in the compressor. However, if the wing is excellent in mist corrosion resistance, it is difficult to be eroded. In other words, if the mist hit by the mist has excellent mist corrosion resistance, mixing a mist having a large particle diameter into the intake air has little effect.

Here, enhancing the mist corrosion resistance means increasing the hardness and strength of the wing material or wing surface to cope with corrosion due to the added mist.

There are the following methods for enhancing the mist corrosion resistance by increasing the hardness and strength of the blade. (1) In order to enhance the mist corrosion resistance on the intake side of the blade, quenching is performed on the intake side of the blade, or a high corrosion resistant alloy such as stellite is attached. Also, (2) high alloying of the wing material itself (silicon,
Nickel, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, etc.) and (3) the corrosion-resistant metals (titanium,
Stainless steel). Also, other methods may be used. The above item (1) relates to enhancing the corrosion resistance of a part of the blade, while the items (2) and (3) relate to enhancing the corrosion resistance of the entire blade.

The compressor blades are also required to have corrosion resistance to mineral dust, which is related to almost all of the compressor blades. On the other hand, the mist corrosion resistance of the present application is that of the section until the mist evaporates. Related to bucket. Therefore, the target of the compressor blade is different from the corrosion resistance to the mineral dust.

The method of improving the mist corrosion resistance of the present application is similar to the technique of enhancing the corrosion resistance against wet steam on the low pressure side of the steam turbine. However, the object is completely different, and the wet steam on the low pressure side of the steam turbine is naturally generated, but the mist of the present application is forcibly generated for another purpose.

[0059]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG.
This is a corresponding embodiment. This is an example in which a gas turbine system is applied to a combined system. Intake chamber 1 of FIG.
Is a schematic diagram, and includes a configuration including an intake duct and an intake plenum as shown in FIG.

The air entering the gas turbine 6 is supplied to the intake chamber 1
Then, it passes through the filter 2 and is cooled by the finned cooling pipe 3. Here, condensed water (a state of a water drop or a water film) is generated. At this time, fine dust that has passed through the filter 2 adheres. Then, the collected condensed water is separately misted from the sprayer 4 (by filtration or the like) and sent to the compressor 5. In addition, water which is separately mist can be supplied from outside.

In cooling the intake air, the refrigerant is compressed by the refrigerant compressor 9, then radiated to the outside by the condenser 10, then depressurized by the regulating valve 14 and absorbed by the cooling pipe 3 when the refrigerant evaporates. Perform with heat. The temperature at which the refrigerant evaporates in FIG. 1 is 2 ° C.

When no mist is mixed out of the peak of the power demand in summer, the condensed water can be discharged to the outside through the regulating valve 15. Then, in one day at the peak of the electric power demand in summer, the mixing time of the rated amount of mist (100%) is shorter than the intake cooling time. The compressor 5 and the gas turbine 6 are generally integrated using a common shaft. In this case, the compressor and the gas turbine may be collectively referred to as a gas turbine.

The three rotor blades on the inlet side of the compressor shown in FIG. 1 are made of titanium to cope with mist corrosion.

In FIG. 1, the energy for compressing the refrigerant in the cooling subsystem is received from the electric motor, though not shown in FIG. In the drawings of the present application, a generator for converting generated power into electric energy and motors for driving a pump are omitted in the drawings.

At the inlet of the compressor of the gas turbine, the flow rate of the working fluid (air) increases, thereby reducing the static pressure and the temperature. Working fluid (air)
When the temperature decreases, mist is generated at this location depending on the temperature and humidity conditions. However, this mist is clearly different from the sprayed mist in the present application.

The mist newly generated in the compressor is likely to have dust as a core. The dust contained in the mist easily adheres to the stationary blades and the like, so that the dust adheres to water droplets or a water film on the surface of the cooling pipe 3 to remove a part. This reduces the disadvantage of dust adhesion. Dust contained in the recovered water can be collected by sedimentation in a tank.

At this point, it is possible that water adheres to the mist sprayed in the present application and the particle size is slightly changed, but the sprayed mist itself in the present application is at least partially contained in the compressor. It works by evaporation. Therefore, the mist of the present application includes the case where the particle size changes during the process.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment corresponding to claims 1, 2, 6, and 8. This is an example in which the gas turbine system is applied to a combined system.

The difference from FIG. 1 is that (1) LNG cold energy is used for intake air cooling, and (2) power is generated by a turbine by heating a refrigerant with hot water from a waste heat recovery heat exchanger. That is. The refrigerant gas from the turbine is condensed in the condenser together with the gas from the refrigerant compressor.

The air entering the gas turbine 26 is supplied to the intake chamber 2
1, the cooling pipe 2 with the fins passing through the filter 22 and then
3 and / or LNG cold heat (the cooling medium cooled by the LNG evaporation heat flows). At this time, condensed water (water droplets or a water film) is generated, and the condensed water that has fallen and collected is converted into a mist from the sprayer 24 (by filtration or the like) and sent to the compressor 25. Further, water to be mist can be supplied from outside. When the mist does not deviate from the peak of the power demand, the condensed water can be discharged to the outside through the regulating valve 44.
Then, in one day at the peak of the power demand in summer, the time for mixing the rated amount of mist (100%) can be shorter than the intake cooling time.

Cooling with LNG cold is preferably performed at a lower temperature than cooling using a refrigerant, because the load on a cooling system using a refrigerant can be reduced.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment according to the third and tenth aspects of the present invention, which is an example of an arrangement of moving blades and stationary blades of a compressor. The rotor blades are provided on the shaft side 51, and the stationary blades are partially embedded in the casing 52. There is a variable entrance guide wing 56 at the entrance. Moving blade 3 on the entrance side
The step is a corrosion-resistant blade 53, which is made of titanium having the highest mist corrosion resistance among the blades in this figure. The second stage of the stationary blade on the entrance side is a corrosion-resistant stationary blade 55, which is made of a corrosion-resistant alloy. The variable entrance guide vanes 56 are also made of a corrosion resistant alloy. The other moving blades and stationary blades are made of alloy steel, each of which has a lower corrosion resistance as subjected to mist.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment corresponding to claim 7.
The air entering the gas turbine 65 passes through the filter 66 in the intake chamber 61, and is cooled by the finned cooling pipe 75 when cooled by fuel evaporative cooling. Next, the water is pressurized in the intake duct, sprayed by the sprayer 67 and mixed into the intake air. This mist is sent to the compressor 64. Mist spraying is performed with a high density and biased upward. Water adhering to the walls of the intake duct 62 and the intake plenum 63 is collected and turned into mist again.
The collected condensed water is also converted into a mist (by filtration or the like) from the sprayer 67 and sent to the compressor 64. Mist water is supplied from outside.

The mist captured by the wall of the intake plenum 63 returns to the tank 68 by the pump 72.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment corresponding to the sixth and seventh aspects. Air entering the gas turbine 86 passes through a filter 82 in an intake chamber 81 and is cooled by a finned cooling pipe 96. Next, water is pressurized in the intake duct, and mist is sprayed by the sprayer 84 and mixed into the intake air. This mist is sent to the compressor 85. Mist spraying is performed with a high density and biased upward. Water collected at the entrance side is sprayed from a sprayer 83 through a strainer 94 to remove dust adhering to the cooling pipe 96. Further, the water collected on the compressor side is again mist sprayed from the sprayer 84 through the strainer 95 and sprayed.

This water injection can be carried out at all times during operation or intermittently. When condensed water becomes excessive in the tank 87, it can be supplied to the tank 88.
It should be noted that in one day at the peak of the electric power in summer, the operation time of intake air cooling can be longer than the rated amount mist spraying time.

Since the humidity of the intake air that has passed through the cooling pipe 96 increases while the water jetting is in operation, the temperature that can be reduced by evaporation of the mist from the sprayer 84 is small.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment according to the sixth and seventh aspects of the present invention. The difference from FIG. 5 is that dust that has passed through the filter is removed by a water shower. Gas turbine 86
The air that enters enters the intake chamber 81, passes through the filter 82,
The shower 97 applies water droplets to the intake air to remove dust. The collected condensed water passes through a strainer 94 and is showered 97
Inject again from Next, it is cooled by the cooling tube 96 with fins. Next, water is pressurized in the intake duct, and mist is sprayed by the sprayer 84 and mixed into the intake air.

This mist is sent to the compressor 85.
Mist spraying is performed with a high density and biased upward. The collected condensed water is sprayed again from the sprayer 84 through the strainer 95. It should be noted that in one day at the peak of the electric power in summer, the operation time of intake air cooling can be longer than the rated amount mist spraying time.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment corresponding to the sixth and seventh aspects. The difference from FIG. 5 is that the adhesion of the dust passing through the filter is made by forming a water film on the plate or the filler and attaching the dust to the water film. The air entering the gas turbine 86 is
In the intake chamber 81, the cooling gas passes through a filter 82 and is cooled by a finned cooling pipe 96. Next, dust is dropped with a plate or a filler 98. The collected condensed water circulates through the strainer 94. Next, the water is pressurized in the intake duct, sprayed by the sprayer 84 and mixed into the intake air. It is important that the filler used here can reduce the pressure loss of the intake air.

This mist is sent to the compressor 85.
Mist spraying is performed with a high density and biased upward. The collected condensed water is again sprayed with mist from the sprayer 84 through the strainer 95. It should be noted that in one day at the peak of the electric power in summer, the operation time of intake air cooling can be longer than the rated amount mist spraying time.

FIGS. 8 to 10 show an embodiment corresponding to the fourth and fifth aspects. At peak power demand, intake cooling is activated to spray mist into the intake air. Then, the mist spraying is stopped at a time slightly off the peak. The time for mixing the mist is shorter than the time for cooling the intake air. 8 and 9 show an example of operating the gas turbine system all day, and FIG. 10 shows an example of operating the gas turbine system during a time period when power demand is high. 8 to 10 show a comparison between the cumulative effect of intake air cooling and the cumulative effect of mist spray.
The cumulative effect of intake air cooling is clearly greater.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment corresponding to claim 9. The intake air enters the intake chamber 101, and then the filter 102
A lot of dust is removed and flows horizontally. The flow of intake air is then changed vertically. When the flow of the intake air changes substantially vertically, the nozzle is sprayed in a mist direction toward the flow direction of the intake air. This can reduce the amount of mist adhering to the wall of the air passage through which the intake air flows. Therefore, the volume of the pump 113 can be reduced because the amount of recovered water can be reduced.

In FIG. 12, a pure water device 108 is provided to reduce the amount of dissolved matter in the spray mist. This reduces the amount of deposits of the melt inside the compressor. Since the location of the power plant is mainly on the coast, the pure water apparatus 108 mainly removes components derived from seawater (mainly Na ions and the like). Then, the pure water device 109 removes components (mainly Ca ions and the like) dissolved in the supply water. The pure water from the pure water device 109 can be used for supplying water to a waste heat recovery heat exchanger (boiler). When the operation time of the sprayer 104 is limited to several hours a day corresponding to the peak, the purified water device 109 may be operated for a long time (almost all day) and purified water may be stored in a tank and used. Processing capacity does not need to be increased. Therefore, it is advantageous in cost.

In the above embodiments, the illustration of the cooling pipe is a schematic view. Actually, the cooling pipes are arranged in the horizontal direction and the fins attached thereto are arranged in the vertical direction to smooth the flow of water containing dust. Is preferred.

In the above embodiment, a regulating valve and a pump can be newly provided as needed.

The technology of this application can be used within the technical scope of any system having a gas turbine. For example, a combined cycle system, a system having a pressurized fluidized bed boiler, and a coal gasification power generation system.

[0088]

According to the gas turbine system, a substantially large intake air cooling effect can be obtained in a system using a small amount of energy, the influence on the maintainability is small, and the gas turbine output in summer can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an embodiment and is a partial cross-sectional view of a compressor.

FIG. 4 is an embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an embodiment of an intake air cooling operation time.

FIG. 9 is an embodiment of an intake air cooling operation time.

FIG. 10 is an embodiment of an intake air cooling operation time.

FIG. 11 is an example of power demand (index) on the first day of summer.

FIG. 12 is an embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,21,61,81,101 Intake chamber 2,22,66,82,102 Filter 3,23,75,96,103 Cooling pipe 4,24,67,84,104 Sprayer 5,25,64,85, 106 Compressor 6, 26, 65, 86, 107 Gas turbine 7, 27 Waste heat recovery heat exchanger 8, 28 Stack 9, 30 Refrigerant compressor 10, 31, 32 Condenser 11, 29, 68, 87, 88, 110 Tank 12, 13, 35 to 42, 71 to 74, 89, 90, 1
11 to 114 pump 14, 15, 43 to 45, 69, 70, 91 to 93, 1
15-117 Adjusting valve 33 Turbine 34 Heat exchanger 51 Shaft side 52 Casing 53 Mist corrosion-resistant moving blade 54 First-stage mist-corrosion-resistant moving blade 55 Mist-corrosion-resistant stationary blade 56 Variable entrance guide blade 57 Blade angle 58 First-stage stationary blade 62 Intake duct 63 , 105 Intake plenum 83 Injector 94,95 Strainer 97 Shower 98 Plate or filler 108,109 Pure water equipment

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. First, the compressor intake air is first passed through the filter, and then the compressor intake air is directly cooled by the heat absorption when the refrigerant evaporates.This cooling generates condensed water, and the condensed water passes through the filter. The water vapor in the intake air sent to the compressor side is made unsaturated, the mist is sprayed before the compressor to evaporate at least a part of it, and cools the intake air to make the water vapor in the intake air saturated or saturated. A gas turbine system characterized by being sent closer to a compressor. 2. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In, the compressor intake air is first passed through the filter, then the compressor intake air is cooled at a temperature near the freezing point, this cooling generates condensed water, adsorbs the dust that passed through the filter to this condensed water, and Although the steam of the intake air sent to the compressor side is not saturated,
A gas turbine system comprising: spraying a mist before a compressor; evaporating at least a part of the mist; cooling the intake air; and sending steam in the intake air to a compressor in a saturated state or a state close to the saturated state. 3. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving by the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In this summer, when the system is fully loaded, the intake air is cooled and the mist is mixed into the intake air at the full load of the system. A method for cooling air intake in a summer of a gas turbine system, wherein a blade and / or a first stationary blade is inclined to increase a flow velocity of intake air at a compressor inlet. 4. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In the summer intake cooling method, the intake air is cooled, and at the peak of the power demand of one day, in addition to the cooling of the intake air, mist is mixed into the intake air of the compressor to obtain a substantial intake air cooling effect. The gas turbine operates when the power demand of the gas turbine deviates from the peak of the power demand, but suppresses the mist from being mixed into the gas turbine intake, thereby obtaining a different real intake cooling effect even in one day. How to cool the intake air in the summer of the system. 5. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In the summer intake cooling method, the intake air is cooled, and at the peak of the power demand of one day, in addition to the cooling of the intake air, mist is mixed into the intake air of the compressor to obtain a substantial intake air cooling effect. When the power demand deviates from the peak, the intake air cooling is activated, but the mist is suppressed from being mixed into the intake air of the compressor. An intake cooling method for a gas turbine system in summer, comprising increasing a total time for cooling intake air. 6. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In the above, the intake air is passed through a filter to remove a part of the dust, the dust passing through the filter is brought into contact with water droplets or a water film to be adsorbed to the water droplets, and a mist is sprayed on the intake air to be supplied to a compressor. A gas turbine system for cooling the working fluid by evaporating the mist. 7. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine which receives compressed air from the compressor, burns fuel, and is driven by the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In, the working fluid is cooled by mixing the mist into the intake air and evaporating it in the compressor of the gas turbine, but when spraying the mist into the intake air flowing in the horizontal direction, the high density on the upper side or the low density on the lower side A gas turbine system characterized by spraying with a compressor and supplying it to a compressor. 8. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In the compressor, cool the intake air of the compressor, further adsorb dust to the condensed water generated by this cooling, further remove the dust from this condensed water, mist and mix into the intake air of the compressor, the mist evaporates in the compressor A gas turbine system having an effect of cooling a working fluid by cooling. 9. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving with the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In, the mist is mixed in the intake air and evaporated in the compressor of the gas turbine to cool the working fluid, but the mist is sprayed on the flow of the intake air flowing vertically or almost vertically in front of the compressor and supplied to the compressor, A gas turbine system for cooling the working fluid by evaporating the mist therein. 10. A gas turbine system comprising a compressor for compressing air, a gas turbine receiving compressed air from the compressor, burning fuel and driving the combustion gas, and a device for converting generated power of the gas turbine into electric power or the like. In the above, mist is mixed into the intake air, and the mist is generated by spraying pressurized water, and the mist is evaporated in a compressor to cool the working fluid. A gas turbine system, wherein the corrosion resistance is enhanced more than the mist corrosion resistance of each of the other stationary blades and the rotor blades of the other section.