JPH11165968A - Emergency stop frictional characteristic testing device for elevator and testing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To more precisely grasp a frictional characteristic by more faithfully simulating a frictional relationship lying between a shoe and a rail. SOLUTION: In this tester, a sample 13 is forcibly pressed to a peripheral surface 20a of a rotating cylinder 20 being rotated by a first motor 2 with the specified load by a pneumatic cylinder 9. Then, a frictional characteristic lying between the peripheral surface 20a and the sample 13 at this time is measured as the simulated one between a safety stop shoe and a rail. At this time, a ball screw 23 is rotated by a second motor 22, and a pressing means 12 is shifted in the axial direction of the rotating cylinder 20 together with a first movable body as a whole. With this constitution, the sample 13 is shifted in a direction parallel with the axial direction of the rotating cylinder 20 as being pressed to the peripheral surface 20a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for testing friction characteristics of an elevator for testing the friction characteristics of a shoe provided in an emergency stop device for safely stopping a car when a rope breaks. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an elevator having a hoisting rope, in order to safely stop the car when the rope is broken,
For example, the installation of an emergency stop device as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 15-4797 is required by law. That is, when the lowering speed of the car exceeds the set value due to the breakage of the rope or the like, this is detected by the governor, the rail is gripped by the shoe (braking piece) provided on the car side, and the car is safely stopped by the braking action. You. In such an emergency stop device, the car holding force is determined by the friction characteristics between the shoe and the rail. Therefore, it is very important to grasp the friction characteristics when designing the emergency stop device.

FIG. 10 shows, for example, “Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (C
FIG. 61 is a side view showing a conventional elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus shown on pages 2044 to 2050 of Vol. 61, No. 58, 1994. In the figure, 1
Is a base, 2 is a motor fixed on the base 1, 3
Is a shaft rotated by the motor 2, 4 and 5 are a pair of bearings provided on the base 1 and rotatably supporting the shaft 3,
6 is a rotating means having a motor 2, a shaft 3 and bearings 4 and 5, and 7 is a rotating disk fixed to the tip of the shaft 3, and the rotating disk 7 is made of an elevator rail material. Friction surface 7a.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a movable table provided on the base 1 so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the shaft 3, 9 is a pneumatic cylinder fixed on the base 1 and reciprocates the movable table 8, and 10 is a movable cylinder. A load cell mounted on the table 8 and measuring a pressing force and a frictional force, 11 is a holder mounted on the movable table 8 via the load cell 10, and 12 is a holder mounted on the movable table 8, the pneumatic cylinder 9, the load cell 10 and the holder 11. The pressing means 13 has a sample (sample pin) held by the holder 11, and the sample 13 is made of an emergency stop shoe material of the elevator.

In such a friction characteristic testing apparatus, a sample 13 is pressed by a pneumatic cylinder 9 against a friction surface 7a of a rotating disk 7 rotated by a motor 2 with a predetermined load. Then, the friction characteristic between the friction surface 7a and the sample 13 at this time is measured as simulating the friction characteristic between the emergency stop shoe and the rail.

[0006]

In the conventional safety device for testing the frictional characteristics of an emergency stop of an elevator constructed as described above, the contact position of the sample 13 on the friction surface 7a of the rotating disk 7 is always the same radial position. When the rotating disk 7 rotates 360 degrees, friction is repeated again at the same location. On the other hand, the characteristic of friction between the actual safety stop shoe and the rail is transient, and the shoe always contacts the virgin surface of the rail. Therefore, the conventional test apparatus cannot simulate the transient, and cannot sufficiently grasp the friction characteristics. On the other hand, to simulate only transient points,
For example, a method of pressing the sample 13 against the friction surface 7a while moving the sample 13 in the radial direction of the friction surface 7a can be considered.

However, in order to faithfully simulate the friction between the emergency stop shoe and the rail, it is necessary to clear yet another condition. That is, at the time of the emergency stop operation of the actual machine, the car gradually decelerates to a stop by the braking force, but the conventional test apparatus cannot faithfully simulate the friction in such a deceleration process. On the other hand, as a method of reproducing the deceleration process, for example, the power of the motor 2 rotating the rotating disk 7 is turned off, and at the same time, the sample 13 is pressed against the friction surface 7a, and the rotating disk 7 is There is a method that can be performed by stopping the operation.

However, the problem at this time is the apparent braking force. That is, during the emergency stop operation of the actual machine, the cage inertia having a constant mass is decelerated with a constant braking force, whereas when the sample 13 is moved in the radial direction as described above, the pressing position for determining the braking moment is determined. Since the radius constantly changed, it was not possible to faithfully simulate the deceleration process leading to a stop.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and can more accurately simulate the frictional relationship between a shoe and a rail, and more accurately grasp the frictional characteristics. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic test apparatus and test method that can perform the test.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus, comprising: a rotating cylinder having an outer peripheral surface made of an elevator rail material;
Rotating means for rotating the rotating cylinder, pressing means for holding a sample made of an emergency stop shoe material and pressing the outer surface with a predetermined load, and rotating the sample pressed against the outer surface with the shaft of the rotating cylinder And a measuring means for measuring the frictional characteristics of the sample.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus using a moving means having a motor and a linear motion converting mechanism for converting the rotation of the motor into a linear movement of a pressing means. It is.

An elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention uses a moving means having a pneumatic cylinder.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus using moving means having a hydraulic cylinder.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus including a control device for controlling a moving speed of a sample by a moving means.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus using a control device for controlling a moving speed of a sample according to a rotation speed of a rotating cylinder.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for testing an emergency stop friction characteristic of an elevator, wherein a rotating cylinder having an outer peripheral surface made of an elevator rail is rotated by a rotating means, and an emergency stop shoe is used. Pressing the sample against the outer peripheral surface and cutting off the rotational driving force by the rotating means, and moving the sample in the axial direction of the rotating cylinder while pressing the sample against the outer peripheral surface, thereby rotating the sample with the frictional force between the sample and the outer peripheral surface. Slow down and stop the cylinder,
The method includes a step of measuring the friction characteristics of the sample.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a base, 2 is a first motor fixed on the base 1, 3 is a shaft rotated by the first motor 2, 4 and 5 are provided on the base 1 and rotate the shaft 3. A pair of bearings 6 that support the first motor 2
A rotating means 20 having a shaft 3 and bearings 4 and 5 is a rotating cylinder fixed to an intermediate portion of the shaft 3, and the rotating cylinder 20 has an outer peripheral surface 20a made of an elevator rail material. ing.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a first moving table provided on the base 1 so as to be able to linearly reciprocate in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the rotary cylinder 20. The first moving table 21 and the base 1 Between them, a guide member (not shown) for guiding the first movable table 21 and the like are provided. 8 is a direction perpendicular to the axis 3,
That is, the second moving table is provided on the first moving table 21 so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the first moving table 21.

9 is fixed on the first moving table 21 and the second
A pneumatic cylinder for reciprocating the moving table 8 is mounted on the second moving table 8, and a load cell as measuring means for measuring a pressing force or a frictional force, and 11 is a second moving table via the load cell 10. The holder mounted on 8, 12 is pressing means having the second moving table 8, the pneumatic cylinder 9 and the holder 11, 13 is a sample (sample pin) held on the holder 11, and the sample 13 is , Which are made of shoe material for emergency stop of the elevator.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a second motor fixed on the base 1, and 23 denotes a ball screw as a linear motion conversion mechanism connected to the second motor 22 via a coupling 24. The screw 23 is connected to the first moving table 21.
The first moving table 21 is linearly moved by rotation. Reference numeral 25 denotes the first moving table 21 and the second motor 2
2, a moving means having a ball screw 23 and a coupling 24.

In such a test apparatus, the first motor 2
On the outer peripheral surface 20a of the rotating cylinder 20 being rotated by
The sample 13 is pressed with a predetermined load by the pneumatic cylinder 9. At this time, the outer peripheral surface 20a and the sample 13
Is measured as simulating the frictional property between the safety shoe and the rail. At this time, the ball screw 23 is rotated by the second motor 22, and the entire pressing means 12 is moved in the axial direction of the rotating cylinder 20 together with the first moving table 21. Thereby, the sample 13
Is pressed against the outer peripheral surface 20a,
Is moved in a direction parallel to the axial direction of

Therefore, the contact position of the sample 13 on the outer peripheral surface 20a is always a new position by drawing a spiral thread. Thereby, it is possible to faithfully simulate the one-time characteristic of the friction between the emergency stop shoe and the rail of the elevator, and it is possible to more accurately grasp the friction characteristics.

Further, at the same time that the sample 13 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface 20a, the power source of the first motor 22 is turned off, the rotational driving force of the rotary cylinder 20 is cut off, and the rotary cylinder 20 is decelerated by the frictional force with the sample 13. By stopping, friction in the deceleration process can be simulated. At this time, sample 1
Since the radius of the pressing position of No. 3 is always constant, the deceleration process leading to the stop can be faithfully simulated.

Embodiment 2 FIG. In the above example, the moving unit 25 using the motor 22 and the ball screw 23 in combination is shown. However, the configuration of the moving unit is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. Mobile platform 2
1 and a cylinder base 2 fixed on the base 1
And two pneumatic cylinders 2 fixed to the cylinder base 26 and linearly reciprocating the first movable table 21.
Alternatively, a moving unit 29 having a moving unit 7 and a moving unit 28 may be used.

Embodiment 3 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, a first moving table 21, a cylinder base 26 fixed on the base 1, and a cylinder base 26
2 to reciprocate the first moving table 21 linearly
A moving unit 33 having two hydraulic cylinders 31 and 32 may be used.

Further, in the above example, the pneumatic cylinders 27,
Although two units 28 and two hydraulic cylinders 31 and 32 are provided, one unit or three or more units may be provided.

Embodiment 4 Next, FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes a control device which is connected to the second motor 22 and controls the rotation speed of the second motor 22 to change the moving speed of the first moving table 21. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

By providing such a control device 41, the moving speed of the sample in the direction orthogonal to the pressing direction can be controlled, and the friction characteristics can be grasped more accurately.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, in which a control device 41 similar to that of FIG.

Embodiment 6 FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, in which a control device 41 similar to that of FIG. 4 is provided in the apparatus of FIG.

Embodiment 7 Next, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus for an elevator according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 42 denotes the rotating cylinder 2
0 is a speed detector that detects the rotation speed of the first motor 2 that rotates the first motor 2.
It is connected to the. Further, the control device 41 controls the rotation speed of the second motor 22 according to a signal from the speed detector 42.

Here, at the time of the actual emergency stop operation, the speed of the car is gradually reduced due to the application of the braking, and finally the vehicle stops. In order to measure the friction characteristics during such a deceleration process, the first motor 2 that rotates the rotating cylinder 20 while pressing the sample 13 against the rotating cylinder 20 is used.
It has already been mentioned that the power of the power supply may be turned off, and the rotating cylinder 20 may be stopped by the frictional force of the sample 13.

However, the problem in this case is the feed amount in the radial direction. In order for the sample 13 to draw a thread-shaped trajectory of equal pitch on the outer peripheral surface 20a, the rotating cylinder 20
It is necessary to set the moving speed of the sample 13 in proportion to the rotation speed of the sample 13. On the other hand, in this example, the rotation speed of the first motor 2 is detected by the speed detector 42, and the control device 41 controls the feed speed in the radial direction according to the information.
Draws a thread-shaped trajectory of equal pitch on the rotating cylinder 20, and the friction characteristics up to the stop can be grasped more accurately.

Embodiment 8 FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which a control device 41 and a speed detector 42 similar to FIG. It is.

Embodiment 9 FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, in which a control device 41 and a speed detector 42 similar to those in FIG. It is.

[0036]

As described above, the apparatus for testing the frictional characteristics of an emergency stop of an elevator according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a sample formed of a shoe material of an emergency stop is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder while the sample is formed. Because it is moved in the axial direction, the contact position between the friction surface and the sample constantly changes, and the friction relationship between the shoe and the rail can be more faithfully simulated.
The friction characteristics can be grasped more accurately. Further, when measuring the friction characteristics in the deceleration process, the pressing position radius can always be kept constant, and the deceleration process leading to the stop can be faithfully simulated.

The elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention uses the moving means having the motor and the linear motion converting mechanism for converting the rotation of the motor into the linear movement of the pressing means. The pressing means can be accurately moved with a simple configuration.

In the elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the moving means having the pneumatic cylinder is used, the pressing means can be smoothly moved with a simple structure.

In the elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the moving means having the hydraulic cylinder is used, the large pressing means can be smoothly moved with a simple structure.

In the elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the moving speed of the pressing means by the moving means is controlled by the control device, so that the friction characteristics can be grasped more accurately. .

In the elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the moving speed of the pressing means is controlled in accordance with the rotation speed of the rotary cylinder. Can be grasped.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for testing an emergency stop friction characteristic of an elevator, which comprises rotating a rotating cylinder having an outer peripheral surface formed of a rail material while rotating a sample formed of an emergency stop shoe material. A predetermined load is applied to the outer peripheral surface while moving in the direction parallel to the axial direction of the rotating cylinder, so that the friction relationship between the shoe and the rail can be more accurately simulated, and the friction characteristics can be grasped more accurately. can do. Further, when measuring the friction characteristics in the deceleration process, the pressing position radius can always be kept constant, and the deceleration process leading to the stop can be faithfully simulated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus for an elevator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus for an elevator according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an emergency stop friction characteristic testing device for an elevator according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus for an elevator according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 rotating means, 10 load cell (measuring means), 12
Pressing means, 13 samples, 20 rotating cylinders, 20a outer peripheral surface, 22 second motor, 23 ball screw (linear motion conversion mechanism), 25, 29, 33 moving means, 27, 28
Pneumatic cylinder, 31, 32 Hydraulic cylinder, 41 Control device.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A rotating cylinder having an outer peripheral surface made of an elevator rail material, a rotating means for rotating the rotating cylinder, and a sample made of an emergency stop shoe material held on the outer peripheral surface. Pressing means for pressing with a predetermined load, moving means for moving the sample pressed against the outer peripheral surface in the axial direction of the rotating cylinder, and measuring means for measuring friction characteristics of the sample An emergency stop friction characteristic testing device for an elevator. 2. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein the moving means has a motor and a linear motion converting mechanism for converting the rotation of the motor into a linear movement of the pressing means. Stopping friction characteristic testing device. 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said moving means has a pneumatic cylinder. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the moving means has a hydraulic cylinder. 5. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control device for controlling a moving speed of the sample by the moving means. 6. The control device according to claim 5, wherein the control device controls a moving speed of the sample according to a rotation speed of the rotary cylinder.
An elevator emergency stop friction characteristic testing apparatus as described above. 7. A step of rotating a rotary cylinder having an outer peripheral surface made of an elevator rail member by a rotating means, wherein a sample made of an emergency shoe material is pressed against the outer peripheral surface, and the rotating means is rotated. A step of cutting off the rotational driving force by, and by moving the sample in the axial direction of the rotating cylinder while pressing the sample against the outer peripheral surface, decelerates and stops the rotating cylinder with the frictional force between the sample and the outer peripheral surface. And a method for measuring the friction characteristics of the sample.