JPH11165152A - Method for vitrifying residue in cleaning flue gas - Google Patents

Method for vitrifying residue in cleaning flue gas

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Publication number
JPH11165152A
JPH11165152A JP10259623A JP25962398A JPH11165152A JP H11165152 A JPH11165152 A JP H11165152A JP 10259623 A JP10259623 A JP 10259623A JP 25962398 A JP25962398 A JP 25962398A JP H11165152 A JPH11165152 A JP H11165152A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
alkali metal
flue gas
containing additive
additive
calcium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP10259623A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Guenter Dr Mechtersheimer
メヒテルスハイマー ギュンテル
Christian Dr Wieckert
ヴィーケルト クリスティアン
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB RES Ltd
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB RES Ltd
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB RES Ltd, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB RES Ltd
Publication of JPH11165152A publication Critical patent/JPH11165152A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/73—After-treatment of removed components
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/08—Toxic combustion residues, e.g. toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
    • A62D2101/47—Inorganic substances containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e. chalcogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
    • A62D2101/49—Inorganic substances containing halogen

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To minimize a total amount of an additive and a fusion material without decreasing a salt constituent evaporation rate by a method wherein a stoichiometric relation of an alkali metal-containing additive and a calcium- containing additive is so adjusted as to satisfy the specific formulas in cleaning flue gas. SOLUTION: An alkali metal-containing additive and a calcium-containing additive together with flue gas are blown into a reaction tower 4 connected to a waste gas side of a boiler 2. For example, lime in a Ca(OH)2 powder shape and NaHCO3 powder are used. At that time a stoichiometric relation of both is so adjusted as to satisfy formulas I and II. Acid gases HCl and SO2 in the flue gas react with lime and NaHCO3 with the additives to form CaSO3 , CaCl, Na2 SO4 , and NaCl, and they together with flue gas dust are separated in a dust precipitator 5. Those together with the dust in flue gas are sent to a melting furnace 8. Thereby, an efficiency of a melting process can be improved.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、排煙洗浄時の残留
物を溶融炉の中で溶融し、溶融物の状態調節のために添
加剤を添加し、次にこの炉から搬出する、塩素又はイオ
ウ含有残留物、特に、反応塔と集塵装置からの残渣をガ
ラス化する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for melting a residue from flue gas cleaning in a melting furnace, adding an additive for conditioning the melt, and then removing the chlorine from the furnace. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a method for vitrifying sulfur-containing residues, particularly residues from a reaction tower and a dust collector.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】ごみ焼却プラントにおいては、排煙ダス
トとガス吸収反応生成物からなる多様な残渣が発生す
る。典型的には、一般的にカルシウム含有添加剤（例え
ばＣａ（ＯＨ）2 ）、又はナトリウム含有添加剤（例え
ばＮａＨＣＯ3 ）の吹込みにより、ＳＯ2 とＨＣｌが排
煙から分離される。その際、基本的には、ＣａＣｌ2 と
ＣａＳＯ4 ないしはＮａＣｌとＮａ2 ＳＯ4 が形成され
る。これらの生成物は排煙ダストとともに集塵装置で分
離される。発生する混合物（以下、混合灰と呼ぶ）は２
０重量％超の塩素とイオウを含むことがある。2. Description of the Related Art In a refuse incineration plant, various residues including flue dust and gas absorption reaction products are generated. Typically, SO 2 and HCl are separated from the flue gas, typically by blowing a calcium-containing additive (eg, Ca (OH) 2 ) or a sodium-containing additive (eg, NaHCO 3 ). At that time, basically, CaCl 2 and CaSO 4 or NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 are formed. These products are separated in the dust collector together with the flue gas dust. The generated mixture (hereinafter referred to as mixed ash) is 2
May contain more than 0% by weight of chlorine and sulfur.

【０００３】排煙ダストは重金属やダイオキシンも含ん
でいるので、混合灰は特殊ゴミである。有害物の無害化
と有価物の回収のために、混合灰は、高温溶融炉の中
で、例えばデグロア法（デグロア（ＤＥＧＬＯＲ）は、
ＣＨ−５４００バーデンのＡＢＢマネージメント社の登
録商標）に類似の方法で処理される。デグロア法の場
合、排煙ダストは電気溶融炉の中で約１２００℃で溶融
され、次に水浴の中で粒状化される。排ガスは炉から吸
引され、冷風により冷却（急冷）される。これにより、
重金属化合物がガスから凝結するか又は昇華する。（DE
Buch Karl JoachimThome-Kozmiensky-Berlin EF-Verla
g fur Energie-und Umwelttechnik, 1994,ISBN 3-92451
1-77-2, S.627,628 を参照。）[0003] Since flue dust also contains heavy metals and dioxins, mixed ash is a special waste. In order to detoxify harmful substances and recover valuable resources, the mixed ash is placed in a high-temperature melting furnace, for example, in a degloer method (degloer (DEGLOR)).
CH-5400 Baden, ABB Management Co.). In the degloer method, the flue dust is melted at about 1200 ° C. in an electric melting furnace and then granulated in a water bath. The exhaust gas is sucked from the furnace and cooled (rapidly cooled) by cold air. This allows
Heavy metal compounds condense or sublime from the gas. (DE
Buch Karl JoachimThome-Kozmiensky-Berlin EF-Verla
g fur Energie-und Umwelttechnik, 1994, ISBN 3-92451
See 1-77-2, S.627,628. )

【０００４】Ｃｌ及びＳ含有塩の含有率が高いために、
溶融炉の中でのこの混合灰の処理には、追加的な処理が
必要になる。例えば、ドイツ特許出願第19603365号に
は、溶融炉からの塩搬出により塩を別々に分離し、溶融
物の状態調節のために、酸化物、水酸化物又は炭酸塩の
形のアルカリ金属含有溶融時添加剤を添加することが提
案されている。これが不可能ないしは好ましくない場合
は、塩は蒸発させなければならない。[0004] Due to the high content of salts containing Cl and S,
Processing of this mixed ash in a melting furnace requires additional processing. For example, German Patent Application No. 19603365 discloses that the salts are separated separately by carrying out the salt from the melting furnace, and for the conditioning of the melt, alkali-metal-containing melts in the form of oxides, hydroxides or carbonates. It has been proposed to add time additives. If this is not possible or not preferred, the salt must be evaporated.

【０００５】排煙洗浄時にカルシウム含有添加剤を使用
することにより得られた混合灰を処理する際には、Ｃｌ
の蒸発が問題となる。特に、ＣａＣｌ2 は、その蒸気圧
が低いために、許容可能な温度で蒸発させることがそれ
ほど簡単ではない。その結果、ドイツ特許出願第196033
65号に記載されているように、Ｃｌに対する化学量論比
が＞０．７５になるような十分な量のアルカリ金属の存
在が必要になる。このためには、例えば廃ガラスのよう
なアルカリ金属含有溶融時添加剤を溶融工程に添加しな
ければならない。その際、ＣａＣｌ2 から、はるかに簡
単に蒸発させることができるアルカリ金属塩化物が形成
される。この添加剤の添加により、デグロア法による溶
融炉の処理量を相当に高めることができる。もちろん、
添加剤を使用すれば、コストが余分にかかり、溶融工程
のエネルギー需要も増加することになる。When treating the mixed ash obtained by using a calcium-containing additive during flue gas cleaning, Cl
Evaporation is a problem. In particular, CaCl 2 is not very easy to evaporate at an acceptable temperature due to its low vapor pressure. As a result, German Patent Application No. 196033
As described in No. 65, a sufficient amount of alkali metal must be present such that the stoichiometric ratio to Cl is> 0.75. For this purpose, for example, an alkali metal-containing melting additive such as waste glass must be added to the melting step. Here, alkali metal chlorides are formed from CaCl 2 which can be evaporated much more easily. By adding this additive, the throughput of the melting furnace by the degloring method can be considerably increased. of course,
The use of additives adds extra cost and increases the energy demand of the melting process.

【０００６】代替策として、排煙洗浄時にアルカリ金属
含有添加剤を使用する方法もある。これにより、塩化物
は主としてアルカリ金属塩化物として直接発生する。こ
れにより、その他のアルカリ金属含有溶融時添加剤をデ
グロア工程に添加する必要がなくなる。しかし、しかる
べき試験の結果、特にＮａ2 ＳＯ4 がその蒸気圧が低い
ために蒸発しにくく、従って溶融工程の効率を大幅に低
下させることが明らかになった。デグロア炉の中のガラ
ス溶融物の表面には、ほぼ同じ量のＮａＣｌとＮａ2 Ｓ
Ｏ4 からなる塩の層が形成される。目標とされる＞１４
００℃の炉温度の場合、この混合物の蒸気圧は、炉によ
る十分な処理量を確保するためには低すぎる。デグロア
炉の中でドイツ特許出願第19603365号により処理される
上記のカルシウム使用排煙洗浄時混合灰の場合と比べ
て、灰処理量は約５０％低下する。これがこの溶融法を
不経済なものにしている。[0006] As an alternative, there is a method of using an alkali metal-containing additive during flue gas cleaning. Thereby, chlorides are directly generated mainly as alkali metal chlorides. This eliminates the need to add other alkali metal-containing melting additives to the degloring step. However, appropriate tests have shown that Na 2 SO 4 is particularly difficult to evaporate due to its low vapor pressure, thus greatly reducing the efficiency of the melting process. Approximately equal amounts of NaCl and Na 2 S
A salt layer consisting of O 4 is formed. Targeted> 14
At a furnace temperature of 00 ° C., the vapor pressure of this mixture is too low to ensure sufficient throughput by the furnace. The ash throughput is reduced by about 50% compared to the case of the above-mentioned mixed flue gas cleaning ash using calcium, which is processed according to German Patent Application No. 19603365 in a degloer furnace. This makes the melting process uneconomical.

【０００７】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の基本的課題
は、灰の塩成分の蒸発率を低下させずに、必要な添加剤
の量と、したがって溶融すべき材料の総量を最小限に抑
え、それにより、溶融法の経済性を大幅に高める方法を
提供することにある。The basic object of the present invention is to minimize the amount of additives required, and thus the total amount of material to be melted, without reducing the rate of evaporation of the ash salt components. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for greatly improving the economics of the melting method.

【０００８】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】この課題は、本発明によ
れば、排煙洗浄の過程で、酸化物、水酸化物又は炭酸塩
の形のアルカリ金属含有添加剤と、カルシウム含有添加
剤、好ましくはＣａ（ＯＨ）2 との混合物を添加し、し
かも、得られる溶融すべき残留物について、以下の化学
量論的関係が成り立つように、排煙洗浄時のアルカリ金
属含有添加剤とカルシウム含有添加剤との化学量論的関
係を調整することにより解決される。 ５＞ＣａＣｌ2 ／アルカリ金属硫酸塩＞１ 及び （０．５×アルカリ金属−０．５×アルカリ金属塩化物
−アルカリ金属硫酸塩）／（ＣａＣｌ2 −アルカリ金属
硫酸塩）＞０．７５ すなわち本発明は、排煙洗浄時の残留物を溶融炉（８）
の中で溶融し、次にこの炉から搬出し、ガラス化を行
う、塩素又はイオウ含有残留物、特に、反応塔（４）と
集塵装置（５）からの残渣をガラス化する方法におい
て、排煙洗浄の過程で、酸化物、水酸化物又は炭酸塩の
形のアルカリ金属含有添加剤と、カルシウム含有添加
剤、好ましくはＣａ（ＯＨ）2 との混合物を添加し、し
かも、得られる溶融すべき残留物について、上記の化学
量論的関係が成り立つように、排煙洗浄時のアルカリ金
属含有添加剤とカルシウム含有添加剤との化学量論的関
係を調整することを特徴とする方法を提供するものであ
る。According to the present invention, there is provided, according to the invention, an alkali metal-containing additive in the form of oxides, hydroxides or carbonates, a calcium-containing additive, Preferably, a mixture with Ca (OH) 2 is added, and the resulting residue to be melted is treated with an alkali metal-containing additive and a calcium-containing additive during flue gas cleaning so that the following stoichiometric relationship holds. The problem is solved by adjusting the stoichiometric relationship with the additive. 5> CaCl 2 / alkali metal sulfate> 1 and (0.5 × alkali metal−0.5 × alkali metal chloride−alkali metal sulfate) / (CaCl 2 −alkali metal sulfate)> 0.75 The present invention relates to a method for melting residue from flue gas cleaning in a melting furnace (8).
In a process for vitrifying chlorine- or sulfur-containing residues, especially those from the reaction tower (4) and the dust collector (5), which are melted in In the course of the flue gas cleaning, a mixture of an alkali metal-containing additive in the form of an oxide, hydroxide or carbonate and a calcium-containing additive, preferably Ca (OH) 2 , is added, and the resulting melt is added. A method characterized in that the stoichiometric relationship between the alkali metal-containing additive and the calcium-containing additive during flue gas cleaning is adjusted so that the above stoichiometric relationship holds for the residue to be obtained. To provide.

【０００９】つまり、試験においては、予想外にも、カ
ルシウム含有添加剤とナトリウム含有添加剤を組合せて
添加した場合は、後続の混合灰の溶融工程の効率を大幅
に高められることを明らかにすることができた。その際
に重要なのは、カルシウム含有添加剤とナトリウム含有
添加剤を特定の比率に維持することである。必要な添加
剤の総量は、ゴミ焼却プラントの廃ガスから分離すべき
ＳＯ2 とＨＣｌの量により決まる。カルシウム含有添加
剤に対するナトリウム含有添加剤の比率は、以下に記載
した混合灰の組成要件から明らかになる。試験の結果、
デグロア炉の中での混合灰の溶融時には、炉の中に装入
する物質について、以下の条件を守らなければならない
ことが明らかになった。これは、他の溶融法の場合にも
同様である。That is, the tests show that unexpectedly, the combination of the calcium-containing additive and the sodium-containing additive can significantly increase the efficiency of the subsequent mixed ash melting step. I was able to. It is important to maintain the calcium-containing additive and the sodium-containing additive in a specific ratio. The total amount of additives required is determined by the amount of SO 2 and HCl to be separated from the waste gas of the refuse incineration plant. The ratio of sodium-containing additive to calcium-containing additive will be apparent from the mixed ash composition requirements described below. Test results,
It has become clear that the following conditions must be observed for the materials charged into the furnace when the mixed ash is melted in the deglomer furnace. This is the same for other melting methods.

【００１０】（ｉ）Ｎａ2 ＳＯ4 に対するＣａＣｌ2 の
化学量論比＞１であるものとし、しかも、値は１に近い
ことが特に好ましい。この要件の主たる理由は、反応 ＣａＣｌ2 ＋Ｎａ2 ＳＯ4 →ＳＯ2 ＋ＣａＯ＋２ＮａＣ
ｌ＋１／２Ｏ2 が溶融炉の中で極めて効率的かつ高速度で進行すること
にある。得られる生成物ＮａＣｌとＳＯ2 は簡単に蒸発
する。上記の化学量論比が＜１の場合、特に除去が困難
なＮａ2 ＳＯ4 が残り、したがって、溶融炉による処理
量の大幅な低下を招くことになる。(I) It is particularly preferable that the stoichiometric ratio of CaCl 2 to Na 2 SO 4 > 1 and that the value be close to 1. The main reason for this requirement is that the reaction CaCl 2 + Na 2 SO 4 → SO 2 + CaO + 2NaC
The point is that l + 1 / 2O 2 travels very efficiently and at high speed in the melting furnace. The resulting products NaCl and SO 2 evaporate easily. When the above stoichiometric ratio is <1, Na 2 SO 4, which is particularly difficult to remove, remains, and therefore, the throughput of the melting furnace is greatly reduced.

【００１１】（ii）さらに、以下の化学量論的関係が成
り立たなければならない。 （０．５×アルカリ金属−０．５×アルカリ金属塩化物
−アルカリ金属硫酸塩）／（ＣａＣｌ2 −アルカリ金属
硫酸塩）＞０．７５ これにより、（ｉ）により残ったＣａＣｌ2 には十分な
アルカリ金属が確保され、従って、蒸発しやすいＮａＣ
ｌないしはＫＣｌに変換されることになる。(Ii) Further, the following stoichiometric relationship must be satisfied. (0.5 × alkali metal−0.5 × alkali metal chloride−alkali metal sulfate) / (CaCl 2 −alkali metal sulfate)> 0.75 Thereby, CaCl 2 remaining by (i) is sufficient. NaC which is easy to evaporate
It will be converted to 1 or KCl.

【００１２】場合によっては、さらに溶融時にアルカリ
金属含有溶融時添加剤を添加しなければならない。当然
のことながら、その量は、排煙洗浄をカルシウム含有添
加剤のみにより行う上記の場合よりもずっと少なくな
る。溶融時添加剤としては、必要なアルカリ金属を含む
だけではなく、そのＳｉＯ 2 成分が溶融工程後に得られ
るガラスの特性の改善にも役立つ廃ガラスを添加するの
が適当である。[0012] In some cases, the alkali is further melted.
Metal-containing melting additives must be added. Of course
Notably, the amount depends on the fume
Much less than the above case with additive alone
You. Contains necessary alkali metals as additives during melting
Not just its SiO TwoThe components are obtained after the melting process
Of waste glass, which also helps to improve the properties of
Is appropriate.

【００１３】[0013]

【発明の実施の形態】図１に示した乾式排煙洗浄装置付
きゴミ焼却プラントは、ボイラ２が後置された焼却炉１
を含む。焼却時に発生するスラグはスラグ選別ステーシ
ョン３でさらに処理される。ボイラ２の廃ガス側に接続
されているのは、Ｃａ（ＯＨ）2 粉末の形の石灰ととも
にＮａＨＣＯ3 粉末も吹込まれる反応塔４である。排煙
中に含まれている酸性ガスＨＣｌとＳＯ2 は石灰と反応
し、ＣａＳＯ3 とＣａＣｌ2 になり、ＮａＨＣＯ3 と反
応し、Ｎａ2 ＳＯ4 とＮａＣｌになり、排煙ダストとと
もに、典型的にはバグフィルタである集塵装置５におい
て分離される。廃ガス処理が終了するのは、（オプショ
ンの）脱硝装置６においてである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A refuse incineration plant with a dry-type flue gas cleaning apparatus shown in FIG.
including. Slag generated during incineration is further processed in a slag sorting station 3. Connected to the waste gas side of the boiler 2 is a reaction tower 4 into which NaHCO 3 powder is blown together with lime in the form of Ca (OH) 2 powder. Acid gases HCl and SO 2 contained in the flue gas react with lime to form CaSO 3 and CaCl 2 , react with NaHCO 3 to form Na 2 SO 4 and NaCl, and together with flue dust, Are separated in a dust collector 5 which is a bag filter. The end of the waste gas treatment is in the (optional) denitration device 6.

【００１４】ボイラ２からの排ガス中のダストと排煙洗
浄副産物との混合物は、（場合によってはボイラ２から
のボイラ灰とともに）混合装置７を経て溶融炉８に送ら
れ、そこで溶融される。溶融炉８の廃ガスは溶融炉８か
らブロワ９により吸引され、冷風により冷却（急冷）さ
れる。これにより、重金属化合物がガスから凝結するか
又は昇華し、後置のフィルタ１０、例えばバグフィルタ
により分離し、後に選別することができる。濾過された
ガスは反応塔４に戻すこともできる。溶融物は連続的又
は間欠的に溶融炉８から取出され、乾燥状態又は水浴の
中での急冷により粒状化される。A mixture of the dust in the exhaust gas from the boiler 2 and the by-products of the flue gas cleaning is sent to a melting furnace 8 via a mixing device 7 (possibly together with boiler ash from the boiler 2), where it is melted. The waste gas from the melting furnace 8 is sucked from the melting furnace 8 by the blower 9 and cooled (rapidly cooled) by cool air. This allows the heavy metal compounds to condense or sublime from the gas, be separated by a downstream filter 10, for example a bag filter, and be subsequently sorted. The filtered gas can be returned to the reaction tower 4. The melt is continuously or intermittently removed from the melting furnace 8 and granulated by drying or quenching in a water bath.

【００１５】デグロア炉で行われた試験に基づく以下の
表１は、本発明の効果を明らかにしている。特に別段の
記載がない限りは、示されている数は相対数である（１
＝排煙をカルシウム含有添加剤だけで洗浄する標準事
例）。Table 1 below, based on tests performed in a deglomer furnace, demonstrates the benefits of the present invention. Unless otherwise stated, numbers shown are relative (1
= Standard case of cleaning flue gas with calcium-containing additive only).

【００１６】[0016]

【表１】 排煙 排煙 排煙 カルシウム ナトリウム カルシウム/ナトリウム 含有添加剤 含有添加剤 含有添加剤 使用時 使用時 使用時 排煙洗浄 混合灰量 １ ０．７ ０．８５カルシウム 含有添加剤量 １ ０ ０．４５ナトリウム 含有添加剤量 ０ １ ０．５ 混合灰組成 CaCl2(モル/kg 混合灰） ２ ０．１ １．５ NaCl(モル/kg混合灰） ＜０．５ ６．５ ２．３Na2SO4(モル/kg混合灰） ＜０．１ １ ０．５ 溶融時添加剤 デグロア炉必要添加剤量 １ ０．５ ＜０．６溶融すべき材料総量 １ ０．６ ＜０．７５ 溶融炉中化学量論比 CaCl2/Na2SO4 ＞２０ ＜０．１ ３ (0.5×アルカリ-0.5×NaCl １ ＜０ １ -Na2SO4)/(CaCl2-Na2SO4) コスト要素 必要炉サイズ（蒸発率が決定）１ １．４ ０．８ エネルギー消費量 １ ０．９ ０．７排煙洗浄及び溶融実施総コスト １ １．１ ０．７５ [Table 1] Smoke flue gas Smoke flue gas Calcium Sodium Calcium / Sodium Included additive Included additive Included additive Used At the time of use Smoke exhausted Cleansing mixed ash 10.7 0.85 0.45 Sodium-containing additive amount 0 1 0.5 Mixed ash composition CaCl 2 (mol / kg mixed ash) 2 0.1 1.5 NaCl (mol / kg mixed ash) <0.5 6.5 2.3 Na 2 SO 4 (mol / kg mixed ash) <0.1 1 0.5 Additive for melting Degloer furnace required additive 10.5 <0.6 Total amount of material to be melted 1 0.6 <0.75 Stoichiometric ratio in melting furnace CaCl 2 / Na 2 SO 4 > 20 < 0.13 (0.5 × alkali−0.5 × NaCl 1 < 01-Na 2 SO 4 ) / (CaCl 2 -Na 2 SO 4 ) cost elements required furnace size (evaporation rate is determined) 1 1.4 0.8 energy consumption 1 0.9 0.7 flue gas cleaning and melt exemplary total cost 1 1.1 0 75

【００１７】この例では、カルシウム／ナトリウム含有
添加剤を使用した場合、化学量論比ＣａＣｌ2 ／Ｎａ2
ＳＯ4 は比較的高かった。それにもかかわらず、廃ガス
洗浄への混合吹込みの効果は明らかである。ナトリウム
含有添加剤の相対的割合を高めた場合、もっと優れた結
果を期待することができる。特に、これにより、溶融時
の添加剤の必要量が明らかに減少する。溶融混合灰と接
触する炉耐火レンガを長持ちさせるために、さらに、溶
融物のＡｌ2 Ｏ3 含有率も十分に高くしなければならな
い。上記の例についての試験の結果、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 含有率
は１２〜２０重量％でなければならないことが明らかに
なっている。このためには、一般的に、例えば砂のよう
な、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 含有溶融時添加剤の添加が必要である。In this example, when a calcium / sodium containing additive is used, the stoichiometric ratio CaCl 2 / Na 2
SO 4 was relatively high. Nevertheless, the effect of mixed blowing on waste gas scrubbing is clear. If the relative proportion of the sodium-containing additive is increased, better results can be expected. In particular, this significantly reduces the required amount of additive during melting. In order to make the furnace refractory bricks in contact with the molten mixed ash last longer, the Al 2 O 3 content of the melt must also be sufficiently high. The results of the tests for the above example, Al 2 O 3 content is revealed that should be 12 to 20 wt%. This generally requires the addition of an Al 2 O 3 -containing melting additive, such as, for example, sand.

【００１８】[0018]

【発明の効果】本発明の方法により、塩素含有率の高ま
った又は高い残留物混合物を従来よりも低コストで処理
することが可能になる。The process according to the invention makes it possible to treat a residue mixture with an increased or high chlorine content at a lower cost than before.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の一実施態様に係る、排煙洗浄装置と溶
融炉を備えたゴミ焼却プラントの基本流れ図である。FIG. 1 is a basic flow chart of a refuse incineration plant including a flue gas cleaning device and a melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１：焼却炉、２：ボイラ、３：スラグ選別ステーショ
ン、４：反応塔、５：集塵装置、６：脱硝装置、７：混
合装置、８：溶融炉、９：ブロワ、１０：フィルタ、１
１：アルカリ薬剤サイロ1: incinerator, 2: boiler, 3: slag sorting station, 4: reaction tower, 5: dust collector, 6: denitration device, 7: mixing device, 8: melting furnace, 9: blower, 10: filter, 1
1: Alkaline drug silo

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｆ２３Ｊ 15/00 Ｚ ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code FI F23J 15/00 Z

Claims (8)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 排煙洗浄時の残留物を溶融炉（８）の中
で溶融し、次にこの炉から搬出し、ガラス化を行う、塩
素又はイオウ含有残留物をガラス化する方法において、
排煙洗浄の過程で、酸化物、水酸化物又は炭酸塩の形の
アルカリ金属含有添加剤と、カルシウム含有添加剤との
混合物を添加し、しかも、得られる溶融すべき残留物に
ついて、下記の化学量論的関係が成り立つように、排煙
洗浄時のアルカリ金属含有添加剤とカルシウム含有添加
剤との化学量論的関係を調整することを特徴とする方
法。 ５＞ＣａＣｌ2 ／アルカリ金属硫酸塩＞１ 及び （０．５×アルカリ金属−０．５×アルカリ金属塩化物
−アルカリ金属硫酸塩）／（ＣａＣｌ2 −アルカリ金属
硫酸塩）＞０．７５A method for vitrifying chlorine- or sulfur-containing residues, wherein the residue from the flue gas cleaning is melted in a melting furnace (8) and then removed from the furnace and vitrified.
In the process of flue gas cleaning, a mixture of an alkali metal-containing additive in the form of oxides, hydroxides or carbonates and a calcium-containing additive is added, and the resulting residue to be melted is: A method comprising adjusting the stoichiometric relationship between an alkali metal-containing additive and a calcium-containing additive during flue gas cleaning so that a stoichiometric relationship holds. 5> CaCl 2 / alkali metal sulfate> 1 and (0.5 × alkali metal−0.5 × alkali metal chloride−alkali metal sulfate) / (CaCl 2 −alkali metal sulfate)> 0.75 【請求項２】 塩素又はイオウ含有残留物が、反応塔
（４）と集塵装置（５）からの残渣である請求項１に記
載の方法。2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the chlorine- or sulfur-containing residue is a residue from the reaction tower (4) and the dust collector (5). 【請求項３】 カルシウム含有添加剤が、Ｃａ（ＯＨ）
2 である請求項１又は２に記載の方法。3. The method of claim 2, wherein the calcium-containing additive is Ca (OH)
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 【請求項４】 アルカリ金属含有添加剤として、ナトリ
ウムの酸化物、水酸化物又は炭酸塩、又はカリウムの酸
化物、水酸化物又は炭酸塩、又はかかる物質の混合物を
添加することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項
に記載の方法。4. An alkali metal-containing additive comprising sodium oxide, hydroxide or carbonate, or potassium oxide, hydroxide or carbonate, or a mixture of such substances. The method according to claim 1. 【請求項５】 アルカリ金属含有添加剤が、ＮａＨＣＯ
3 、Ｎａ2 ＣＯ3 又はその混合物である請求項４に記載
の方法。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal-containing additive is NaHCO.
3, Na 2 CO 3 or method according to claim 4 mixtures thereof. 【請求項６】 溶融物に、溶融時添加剤を添加すること
を特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の方
法。6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a melting additive is added to the melt. 【請求項７】 溶融時添加剤が、廃ガラスである請求項
６に記載の方法。7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the melting additive is waste glass. 【請求項８】 溶融物に、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 含有率が１０〜２
０重量％になるように、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 含有溶融時添加剤を
添加することを特徴とする請求項１〜７のいずれか１項
に記載の方法。8. An Al 2 O 3 content of 10 to 2 in the melt.
0 in a weight% A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the addition of Al 2 O 3 containing molten when additives.
JP10259623A 1997-09-15 1998-09-14 Method for vitrifying residue in cleaning flue gas Pending JPH11165152A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997140477 DE19740477A1 (en) 1997-09-15 1997-09-15 Conversion to glass of filter dust and residues from flue gas scrubbing with high chlorine contents
DE19740477:4 1997-09-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11165152A true JPH11165152A (en) 1999-06-22

Family

ID=7842372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH11165152A (en)
DE (1) DE19740477A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2990633B1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2014-05-09 G A C E Services En Administration Gestion Et Applic Au Conseil A L Environnement Sa PROCESS FOR INORING AND VALORIZING REFIOMS AND OTHER SPECIAL ANALOGUE INDUSTRIAL WASTE

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5860113A (en) * 1981-10-05 1983-04-09 Kubota Ltd Melting method for refuse
DE4023881A1 (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-01-30 Kali Chemie Ag Heavy metal contg. leach resistant glass - by adding glass formers to molten slag or to combustion prods.
DE4421059A1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-21 Johannes Peine Industrial gas emission cleaning
DE19612700A1 (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-15 Leo Dr Ing Schumacher Vitrification of sulphur-containing waste
DE19603365A1 (en) * 1996-01-31 1997-08-07 Abb Research Ltd Vitrifying flue filter dusts and waste gas scrubbing residues with high chlorine contents

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