JPH11160173A - Landslide detecting device and avalanche detecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To immediately detect a landslide or an avalanche in a wide range with a simple device. SOLUTION: A linear member 9 extended to the downstream side from a reference pile 3 is invariably applied with constant tension by a weight 7 fitted to the tip, and the middle portion of the linear member 9 is supported through fixed nails 11. When the ground surface is displaced to the downstream side by a landslide, the fixed nails 11 are prostrated, guide sections 13 are hooked on the linear member 9 to pull the linear member 9 to the downstream side, thus a detection section 5 detects the occurrence of the landslide from the change of the tension of the linear member 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a landslide detection device and an avalanche detection device, and more particularly to a landslide detection device and an avalanche detection device that detect a landslide or an avalanche by detecting displacement of the ground surface. Things.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 6A and 6B show a conventional landslide detection apparatus 101 using a wire sensor. In this landslide detection device 101, a pair of posts 103 is embedded on the ground surface at both ends of the measurement position, and one or a plurality of wires 105 are stretched between the pair of posts 103. A detection unit 107 that detects a change in the tension of the wire 105 is provided.

Therefore, when a landslide or an avalanche occurs between a pair of posts 103, as shown in FIG. 5B, the landslide or snow from the avalanche pushes one of the wires 105, so that the wire 105 Since the tension of the cable changes or the wire breaks, the change of the tension or the wire breakage is detected by the detecting unit 10.
7 detects and determines that landslides, avalanches, etc. have occurred.

[0004]

However, in such a conventional technique, once a landslide or an avalanche occurs, the wire 105 is disconnected or loosened, so that continuous detection cannot be performed. Must be returned to the state. In this case, it is very troublesome because it has to be manually performed to return to the original state. Further, when the operator cannot step into the measurement point, there is a problem that the device cannot be used.

An object of the present invention is to pay attention to the above-mentioned prior art, and a landslide detection device and an avalanche detection device capable of immediately detecting a landslide or an avalanche in a wide range with a simple device. A detection device is provided.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a landslide detection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a reference pile provided as a reference point on an upstream side of a ground surface or the like to be monitored. A linear member extending downstream from the reference pile and having a weight at the tip, and a detection unit provided on the reference pile and detecting tension from the linear member. It is.

Accordingly, the linear member extending from the reference pile to the downstream side is always given a constant tension by the weight attached to the tip, and when the ground surface or the like is displaced downstream due to landslide or the like, the weight is lowered. Since the linear member is drawn to the side and pulls the linear member to the downstream side, the detecting section detects the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, or the like from the change in the tension of the linear member. In particular, in a case where the worker cannot enter the site, the setting can be made only by dropping the linear member with the weight.

A landslide detection device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the landslide detection device according to the first aspect, wherein the landslide detection device is driven into the ground surface so as to support the linear member at an intermediate portion of the linear member so as to penetrate the linear member. And a guide portion for penetrating the linear member is provided above the fixed nail.

Therefore, the linear member is normally supported in a state in which the linear member penetrates the guide portion of the fixed nail at an intermediate portion. However, when the ground surface is displaced downstream due to landslides, avalanches, etc., the fixed nail is fixed. The fallen guide portion is caught by the linear member and pulls the linear member downstream.

An avalanche detection device according to a third aspect of the present invention provides a reference pile provided as a reference point on the upstream side of a ground surface to be monitored or the like, and a linear shape extending downstream from the reference pile and having a weight at its tip. A member, a linear member stretched at a predetermined height between the reference pile and the observation pile provided on the downstream side, and detecting tension from each of the linear members provided on the reference pile. And a detecting unit.

Therefore, since the linear member extending from the reference pile to the downstream side is always given a constant tension by the weight attached to the tip, when the bump on the ground surface or the snow is displaced upstream and downstream due to the avalanche, the weight is reduced. Is drawn to the downstream side and pulls the linear member both in the upstream and downstream directions, and the linear member stretched between the reference pile and the observation pile is also pulled downstream,
The detection unit detects the movement amount of snow from the change in the tension of each linear member.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the avalanche detection device according to the third aspect, the linear member stretched between the reference pile and the observation pile is arranged in accordance with an expected snowfall amount. It is stretched at one or two or more determined height positions.

Therefore, since the linear member stretched at the corresponding height position is pulled downstream in response to the surface avalanche, the middle avalanche, and the deep avalanche, it is possible to determine which height of the linear member has changed in tension. The detection unit detects the occurrence and type of the avalanche.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a landslide detection apparatus 1 according to the present invention. In this landslide detection device 1, for example, the detection unit 5 is placed on a concrete pile 3 which is a reference pile which is driven to a reference point Pa where the ground is considered to be safe at a high position such as the upper side of a mountain. Is provided. A wire 9 (which may be a rope) as a linear member having a weight 7 tied to the tip thereof is connected to the detection unit 5, and is tensioned downward by the weight 7 with a certain amount of tension.

In the middle of the wire 9, fixed nails 11 are provided at a plurality of measurement points Pb at predetermined intervals (for example, 30 to 40 m) as necessary. A rectangular guide 13 is provided at the upper end of the fixed nail 11, and the wire 9 is connected to the guides 13 of all the fixed nails 11.
Penetrates. The fixing nail 11 is driven so that the guide portion 13 is directed in the direction of the normal to the ground surface, and the wire 9 can slide the guide portion 13 without resistance at all times. A constant tension acts on the wire 9.

With the above configuration, the wire 9 is normally pulled downward by a constant force due to the gravity of the weight 7, and is supported by the guide portion 13 of the fixed nail 11 at an intermediate portion of the wire 9. Therefore, the detecting unit 5 receives a certain tension by the wire 9.

On the other hand, when the fixed nail 11 at any one of the measurement points Pb falls down and is flushed downward due to occurrence of landslides, avalanches, etc., it is caught by the guide portion 13 of the wire 9 and pulled downstream, so that the detection portion 5 is detected. Detects a change in tension from the wire 9. At this time, even if the downstream fixed pile 11 falls down, the wire 9 is connected to the upstream fixed pile 1.
Since the one guide portion 13 can move without resistance, the tension of the fixed pile 11 on the downstream side is transmitted to the detection portion 5. From the change in the tension, it is detected that a landslide or the like has occurred.
Since the displacement of the weight 7 also occurs, it can be used as a target for camera monitoring and the like.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, by passing the wire 9 over a rock 12 having a dangerous shape that cannot be stepped on by an operator, the detecting unit 5 can operate in the same manner as described above. Then, the collapse of the bedrock 12 is detected. In the case where such an operator cannot step on, there is no need to provide the fixing nail 11 described above.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the aforementioned landslide detection device 1 is used for landslide disaster countermeasures. in this case,
A plurality of concrete piles 3 serving as reference points Pa are provided along the ridge, wires 9 are installed along the slope, and fixed nails 11 are provided at predetermined intervals at intermediate positions.

In this landslide disaster countermeasure, various sensors such as a groundwater level gauge 15, a wire sensor 17, an acoustic sensor 19, and a vibrometer 21 are provided in addition to the landslide detection device 1 described above. , Terrain change, sound, vibration, etc. are measured simultaneously.

FIG. 4 shows an avalanche detection device 22. In this case, a concrete pile 3 serving as a reference point Pa is provided on a peak or a ridge before snow accumulates, and a wire 9 having a weight 7 attached to a tip thereof along an assumed avalanche runway is provided.
Hang it. Here, one of the elements that determine the outer shape of the weight 7
First, the wire 9 is surely pulled when the snow moves.

At the same time, a short (for example, about 1 m) pile 24A corresponding to the depth position of a surface avalanche that has occurred in the past in the observation area is driven into the middle of the slope, and the pile 24A is driven. Wire 9A so as to maintain a certain height position from the ground surface between
Is installed.

Further, a long (for example, about 2 m) pile 24B corresponding to the maximum snow depth in the observation area is driven into the ground surface, and a position higher than the wire 9A is located between the pile 24B and the concrete pile 3. Stretch the wire 9B to keep it.

With the above configuration, the wire 9B
When it is detected that only the tension of the surface has changed, it can be understood that a surface avalanche has occurred. Also, when the tension of the wire 9B and the wire 9A changes, it can be seen that an intermediate avalanche has occurred. Furthermore, wire 9B, wire 9A
When a change in the tension of the wire 9 is detected, it can be understood that an all-level avalanche has occurred.

In this avalanche countermeasure, the avalanche detection device 22 is provided to immediately detect the avalanche that has occurred. As shown in FIG. 5, various avalanche detection devices are used to prevent the occurrence of the avalanche. Structure, for example, protective fence 23, protective fence 2
5, fence fence 27, guide retaining wall 29, wire sensor 3
1. By providing the acoustic sensor 33 and the like in parallel, it is more effective.

From the above results, the occurrence of landslides, avalanches, etc. over a wide area can be quickly detected with a simple device, so that measures for preventing disasters can be taken promptly.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be embodied in other modes by making appropriate changes. That is, in the above-described embodiment, the landslide detection device 1 is used for landslide prevention and avalanche protection, but it can also be widely used for monitoring changes in the ground surface, such as monitoring of landslides and unstable slopes. .

In the above-described embodiment, the guide 13 provided at the upper end of the fixed nail 11 has been described as a rectangular one. However, the wire 9 is always supported movably and the fixed nail 11 is Any other shape may be used as long as the wire 9 is pulled when it falls down.

[0030]

As described above, in the landslide detection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the linear member extending from the reference pile to the downstream side is always given a constant tension by the weight attached to the tip. When the ground surface is displaced downstream due to landslides, avalanches, etc., the weight is caused to flow downstream and pulls the linear member downstream, so that the detecting unit detects a change in the tension of the linear member and detects the landslide. , An avalanche or the like can be detected. In particular, when the worker cannot enter the site, the apparatus can be easily set only by dropping the linear member with the weight. Also,
By continuously monitoring the amount of displacement that is gradually displaced, signs of occurrence of a landslide or the like can be detected from an early stage.

In the landslide detection device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the linear member is normally supported in a state in which the linear member penetrates the guide portion of the fixed nail at an intermediate portion, but the ground surface is damaged due to the landslide or the like. When displaced downstream, the fallen guide portion of the fixing nail is caught by the linear member and pulls the linear member downstream, so that the detecting unit detects the occurrence of landslide or the like from the change in the tension of the linear member. be able to.

In the avalanche detection device according to the third aspect of the present invention,
Since the linear member extending from the reference pile to the downstream side is constantly given a constant tension by the weight attached to the tip,
When an avalanche causes uplift of the ground surface or displacement of the snow to the upstream and downstream sides, the weight is washed down and pulls the linear members to the downstream side, and the linear members stretched between the reference pile and the observation pile also rise. Since the pulling member is pulled to both downstream sides, the detecting portion can detect the movement amount of the snow cover from the change in the tension of each linear member.

In the avalanche detection device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention,
Since the linear member stretched at the corresponding height position is pulled downstream according to the surface avalanche, the middle avalanche, and the deep avalanche, the detecting unit detects which height of the linear member has changed in tension. This makes it possible to detect the occurrence and type of an avalanche.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a landslide detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a landslide detection device according to the present invention is used for rockslide detection.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which the landslide detection device according to the present invention is used for landslide disaster countermeasures;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an avalanche detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which the avalanche detection device according to the present invention is used for avalanche disaster countermeasures.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a wire sensor as a conventional landslide detection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Landslide detection device 3 Concrete pile (reference pile) 5 Detecting part 7 Weight 9, 9A, 9B Wire (linear member) 11 Fixed nail 13 Guide part 22 Avalanche detection device Pa Reference point

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] December 15, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0013

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Therefore, the linear member stretched at the corresponding height position is pulled downstream according to the surface avalanche, the middle avalanche, and the full-scale avalanche, so that the height of the linear member at which height has changed is determined. The detection unit detects the occurrence and type of an avalanche.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0033

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In the avalanche detection device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention,
Since the linear member stretched at the corresponding height position is pulled downstream according to the surface avalanche, middle avalanche, and all-level avalanche, the detecting unit detects which height of the linear member has changed in tension. By doing so, the occurrence and type of an avalanche can be detected.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A reference pile provided as a reference point on an upstream side of a ground surface to be monitored or the like, a linear member extending downstream from the reference pile and having a weight at a tip, and provided on the reference pile. Together with a detection unit for detecting tension from the linear member,
A landslide detection device characterized by comprising: 2. A fixed nail driven into the ground surface to support the linear member in a state of being penetrated at an intermediate portion of the linear member, and the linear member penetrates above the fixed nail. 2. The landslide detection device according to claim 1, wherein a guide portion is provided. 3. A reference pile provided as a reference point on an upstream side of a ground surface to be monitored or the like, a linear member extending from the reference pile to a downstream side and having a weight at a tip, and the reference pile and a downstream side A linear member that is stretched at a predetermined height between the observation pile provided in the reference pile, and a detection unit that is provided on the reference pile and detects a tension from each of the linear members. An avalanche detection device characterized by the above-mentioned. 4. A linear member stretched between the reference pile and the observation pile is stretched at one or more height positions determined according to an expected snowfall amount, The avalanche detection device according to claim 3, wherein: