JPH11159030A - Skeleton wall and retaining wall construction method and material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily, quickly and beautifully construct and install a skeleton wall and a retaining wall with wall plate materials including natural plate stones in good appearance, to form inside and outside wall faces at the same time and to shorten a construction period. SOLUTION: A number of supporting column materials 1 embedded at their lower parts are erectly arranged at a site to be constructed at predetermined spaces in the direction of construction. A foamed resin shock absorbing material A is mounted in contact with the outside of a foundation concrete B to which the embedded portions at the lower parts of the supporting column materials 1 are fixed. The side edges are fitted in and slid to slide supporting grooves 2 formed on the side face of the supporting column material 1 opposing each other along the vertical direction of the supporting column materials 1 itself to construct a proper number of wall plate materials 5 of a predetermined thickness in layers between the supporting column materials 1. Copping stones 10 are placed on the upper faces of the wall plate materials 5 and on the upper faces of the supporting column materials 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simple, quick and beautiful appearance of a frame wall such as an outer wall in various buildings such as a general house and a house, and a retaining wall in an external facility.
The present invention also relates to a method for constructing a skeleton wall / retaining wall which can be constructed and installed in a highly variable manner, and a construction material used for constructing the skeleton wall / retaining wall.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, when a retaining wall or the like in an external facility around a house is constructed with natural stones, the upper, lower, left, and right side surfaces to be joined to each other are cut and flattened, and the joint surfaces between the upper and lower sides are cut off. , And the stones, which are the materials, are sequentially stacked. When a natural stone is stuck on the surface to construct, a concrete-made, stacked block-made retaining wall main body is formed, and then a thin natural stone plate is aligned and fixed via fasteners, mortar material, etc. In this way, the retaining wall has a natural stone-like texture. In addition, since the skeleton walls of various buildings such as general houses and dwellings, particularly the outer walls thereof, determine the external impression of the house, it is extremely important in that sense, and thus various decorative finishes have been applied. .

[0003]

However, in the case of stacking natural stones themselves, since each natural stone itself is relatively large and bulky in weight, heavy equipment must be used, and work is required in a narrow construction site. Not only is it extremely difficult, but also the physical burden on the worker himself is great. In addition, in the case of sticking and fixing natural stone slabs, not only is the construction of the retaining wall main body and the skeleton wall main body itself necessary to construct and use a formwork, but also to spread a horizontal reference thread, which is extremely troublesome. In addition, since the adhesive must be flattened so as not to cause unevenness on the whole, considerable skill is required.

[0004] Further, decorative finishes on the surface of the outer wall have been conventionally provided in the form of wood, mortar, newly constructed materials and the like, but in all cases, decorative finish is applied to the surface of the skeleton wall after construction of the skeleton wall. As a result, not only is it troublesome, but also the construction is cumbersome and requires skill. In particular, it is necessary to construct the skeleton wall itself with natural stones so that the surface of the skeleton wall has a natural stone-like texture, so that the natural stone itself has a considerable weight,
The handling was troublesome due to the fact that the shape was not constant.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned various existing circumstances. For example, in various buildings such as ordinary houses and dwellings, the present invention has been applied to building walls such as natural stone outer walls and exterior equipment. When constructing a natural stone retaining wall, and furthermore, a foundation of a residential house, etc., a pair of supporting pillars are formed by forming the natural stone itself to be used into a thin plate having an appropriate thickness in advance and arranging it at predetermined intervals. The building walls, retaining walls, etc. can be constructed and constructed simply by continuously stacking up and down slides between each other, and they are constructed and installed in a simple, quick and beautiful manner, and also in a variety of ways. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of constructing a skeleton wall / retaining wall which enables simultaneous construction of inner and outer wall surfaces and shorten a construction period, and a construction material used for constructing the skeleton wall / retaining wall. I do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a method for constructing a skeleton wall / retaining wall according to the present invention, a large number of support columns 1 are constructed at predetermined intervals at a place to be constructed. The lower part is buried along the direction and erected, and the side edge part is fitted into the slide support groove 2 formed along the vertical direction of the support pillar 1 itself on the side face of the support pillar 1 facing each other, and slides. Then, an appropriate number of plate-like wall plate members 5 of a predetermined thickness are stacked and constructed between the support column members 1, and further, the hessian stone members 10 are placed on the upper surface of the wall plate members 5 and the upper surface of the support column members 1, respectively. Is placed. In addition, the buried part under the support pillar 1 is
The cushioning material A made of a foamed synthetic resin material can be fixed by the base concrete B provided on the outer surface in contact with the cushioning material A. Further, the inner width of the slide support groove 2 is made larger than the thickness of the side edge portion of the wall plate member 5 so that the wall plate member 5 is
Inside the slide support groove 2 or the wall plate member 5 can be displaced toward one of the inner edge surfaces in the slide support groove 2. On the other hand, the building material body of the skeleton wall / retaining wall used directly for the implementation of the above-described building method is erected and arranged along the building direction at predetermined intervals by burying the lower part at the building place, and on the side surface A large number of support pillars 1 having slide support grooves 2 formed along the vertical direction, and plates having a predetermined thickness that are stacked by inserting side edges into the slide support grooves 2 between the support pillars 1. Suitable number of wall boards 5
And a heave stone material 10 placed on the upper surface of the wall plate member 5 and the upper surface of the support column member 1, respectively. Further, in the soil at the construction site, there are provided a foundation concrete B for fixing the lower portion of the supporting column member 1 and a cushioning material A made of a foamed synthetic resin material which is provided in contact with the outer surface of the foundation concrete B. Further, the inner width of the slide support groove 2 can be made larger than the thickness of the side edge of the wall plate 5.

A method for constructing a skeleton wall / retaining wall according to the present invention and a structuring material body used for constructing the skeleton wall / retaining wall according to the present invention are arranged upright at predetermined intervals. The support column 1 allows the wall plate 5 to be fitted between the slide support grooves 2 formed on the mutually facing side surfaces,
The wall plate members 5 are sequentially stacked and supported by being guided to slide downward along the slide support grooves 2. The cap stone 10 placed on the upper surface of the wall plate member 5 and the upper surface of the support column member 1, respectively, makes the upper surface portion such as a retaining wall to be decoratively decorated. Support pillar 1
In order to fix the base material in the standing state, the cushioning material A provided in contact with the outer surface of the foundation concrete B for embedding and fixing the lower portion of the foundation concrete reduces the earth pressure or the like generated directly on the foundation concrete B at the embedding site. The slide support groove 2 having an inner width that is larger than the thickness of the side edge portion of the wall plate member 5 is arranged such that the wall plate member 5 itself is inclined inside or outside the construction direction when viewed from a plane. By constructing a skeleton wall and a retaining wall that are curved as a whole, and by displacing them inside or outside, unevenness is formed on the surface of the wall plate material 5 on the upper and lower sides or sideways after the construction, thereby imparting variability. .

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A support pillar made of stone, reinforced concrete, or the like having a slide support groove 2 formed along the vertical direction on the side surface,
The support pillars 1 are set at a predetermined interval from each other at installation locations to be constructed as a retaining wall and a skeleton wall, and a plurality of the support pillars 1 are buried in the lower part so as to be erected along the construction direction.

The supporting column 1 is, as shown in FIG.
On the cut crushed stone S laid as a foundation at the bottom of the excavation hole excavated at the construction site, it is firmly fixed by the foundation concrete B formed around the lower part of the support column 1 and is erected and maintained. It is arranged as follows. Further, in this basic structure, a plate-like cushioning material A of a predetermined thickness formed of a foamed synthetic resin such as a styrene foam resin or a foamed polyethylene resin so as to sufficiently withstand a crushing action by earth and sand around the foundation, an earth pressure and the like. May be disposed in contact with the outer surface of the foundation concrete B (see FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. 6). At this time, for example, in the case of being constructed in an installation place having a step as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cushioning material A abuts only on the buried portion side which is a high portion of the base concrete B formed in a step shape. The cushioning material A is arranged to be disposed on the front and rear both side surfaces and the upper side surface of the foundation concrete B as shown in FIG.

The slide support groove 2 is formed in a groove shape on the side surface of the support column 1 along the construction direction when building as a retaining wall or the like, and a wall plate 5 described later is placed above the support column 1 itself, for example. At least at the upper surface of the supporting column 1 is opened so that the supporting column 1 can be slid and fitted. The slide support groove 2 is not limited to a rectangular shape in cross section as shown in the illustrated example, but may have a dovetail groove shape, a T-shape, or the like whose width at the bottom is wider than that at the opening. It is possible to make the fitting engagement state more firm, to make it fit along the center line with respect to the center of the support column 1 or to make it inclined in accordance with the construction direction. The slide support groove 2 is formed on the side surface of the support pillar 1 corresponding to the construction direction of the retaining wall or the like. When a linear flat retaining wall or the like is formed, the slide support groove 2 faces the support pillar 1. In the case of an L-shaped retaining wall or the like on each side surface (see FIG. 7 (A)), each side surface adjacent to the supporting column 1 (see FIG. 7 (B)) is used as a T-shaped surface. When a retaining wall or the like is formed, the supporting column 1 is formed on the opposite side surface and the adjacent side surface thereof (see FIG. 7A). It should be noted that only one slide support groove 2 may be formed at the outermost position such as a retaining wall to be constructed (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 8, the supporting column 1 itself has, for example, a cross section having a width larger than the width of the core 1A on both opposing side surfaces of a core 1A having a rectangular cross section. By joining the side portions 1B having a rectangular shape, a semicircular shape, or another predetermined shape with an adhesive via an adhesive, a slide structure can be formed between the side portions 1B. . By doing so, for example, stones discarded as scraps can be effectively used, and waste of resources and the like can be reduced.

Further, the inner width of the slide support groove 2 can be configured to be larger than the thickness of the side edge portion of the wall plate member 5. For example, as shown in FIG.
Is fitted into the slide support groove 2 in a state of being inclined either inside or outside in the construction direction when viewed from a plane, so that the entire configuration can have a curved shape or a meandering shape. It is. FIG. 9 (B)
As shown in (1), the wall plate 5 is displaced on one of the inner edge surfaces in the slide support groove 2 so that the surface of the wall plate 5 after the construction is uneven in the up and down or side directions. . In any case, the gap between the side edge of the wall plate member 5 and the inner edge surface of the slide support groove 2 is made of a mortar material.
Needless to say, it is preferable to prevent the wall plate material 5 from being shaken or rattled in the slide support groove 2 due to the filling and charging of the putty material and the scrap material.

The supporting column 1 itself is formed as having a substantially rectangular cross section, but may be formed in a circular shape, a hexagonal shape or another polygonal shape if necessary. It may be configured so that it can be configured as an arbitrary height by joining along a vertical direction via a formed joint (not shown).

A wall plate 5 made of a natural stone such as marble or granite is stacked between the support pillars 1 so as to be stacked by fitting a side edge into the slide support groove 2. It is to be worn. The wall plate member 5 has at least a side edge portion having a thickness of the slide support groove 2.
It is not limited to the case where it is formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness which is not so large as the inner width in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10A, at least one of the upper and lower edges is formed in an arc shape, or as shown in FIG. 10B, there is a crank-shaped gap between the wall plate members 5 arranged in the vertical direction. A window gap having, for example, a rectangular shape, a circular shape, or another shape is obtained between the wall plate members 5 formed in the shape of a crank-shaped edge obtained as shown in FIG. Alternatively, it may be formed in the shape of a mountain-shaped notch groove. Of course, the upper and lower edge shapes of these wall plate members 5 can be various shapes in consideration of makeup, decorativeness, etc. of the retaining wall or the like to be constructed. When a gap is formed between the upper and lower wall plate members 5, a gap setting member 6 having a height corresponding thereto is inserted and fixed in the slide support groove 2 between the upper and lower wall plate members 5. Is what is done.

Further, a hessian stone 10 is placed on each of the upper surfaces of the support columns 1 and the upper surfaces of the wall plate members 5 stacked and constructed between the support columns 1. The upper surface may be raised in a mountain shape, or may be formed as a flat surface in some cases. If necessary, a fitting groove is formed on the bottom surface so as to mesh with the upper surface of the support column 1 and the upper surface of the wall plate 5, so that the mounting connection with the support column 1 and the wall plate 5 can be further ensured. It is also possible.

It is to be noted that each of the support column material 1, the wall plate material 5, and the hessian material 10 is not limited to the case where the surface is processed into a mirror-finished flat surface, and may be formed into a so-called bumped surface having irregularities. It may be burner-finished surface and wall board material 5
In this case, only one side or both sides are appropriately processed.

Next, an example of use in the embodiment configured as described above will be described. For example, a framed mold is placed on a cut crushed stone S serving as a foundation laid on the bottom of an excavation hole excavated at a construction site. The support column 1 is erected in the frame temporarily, and the concrete is cast and solidified. The support column 1 is firmly fixed by the foundation concrete C thus formed. They are maintained and arranged at predetermined intervals. At this time, the cushioning material A may be provided on the surface of the foundation concrete C formed in the soil to buffer the earth pressure or the like.

Next, the side edges of the wall plate 5 are aligned and fitted into the open upper ends of the respective slide support grooves 2 between the opposing support pillars 1 and slid downward, whereby the wall plate is moved upward from below. In this case, a suitable decorative gap or the like may be formed between the wall plate members 5 along the vertical direction. Still further, the side edges of the wall plate member 5 are inclined in a plan view in a sufficiently wide slide support groove 2 so as to be constructed in a curved shape as a whole, or are offset on one of the inner edge surfaces. Then, it is built up and down or sideways to form an uneven surface. It is assumed that the retaining wall is completed by placing the cap stone 10 on the upper surface of the wall plate material 5 and the upper surface of the support column material 1 thus stacked. Of course, by stacking and constructing in this way, it can be used as a skeleton wall in a house or the like, and furthermore, a fitting surface, a joining surface, etc. of the supporting column material 1, the wall plate material 5, the cap stone material 10 and the like are bonded with an adhesive. It is also possible to adhere them.

Although not shown, it can also be used as a base of a general residential house.
The supporting column 1 and the wall plate 5 are set at appropriate intervals in the front and rear so as to be opposed to each other, and are constructed and juxtaposed. You do it. Alternatively, on one side, a wall is formed by stacking and supporting the support pillars 1 and the wall plate 5, and on the other side, a wall made of, for example, a foamed synthetic resin material is formed and opposed to each other at appropriate intervals. The concrete material is filled in the gap between each other, and the base is formed as a united state as a whole. In constructing such a foundation, a plate made of a synthetic resin material may be provided on the side surface inside the wall formed by stacking and constructing the support pillar 1 and the wall plate 5.

[0020]

The present invention is configured as described above.
For this reason, for example, building frames such as natural stone outer walls in various buildings such as general houses and dwellings, natural stone retaining walls in external facilities and the like, and further supporting members arranged at predetermined intervals when constructing a foundation or the like. Only by continuously stacking the wall plate members 5 between the column members 1 by sliding in the vertical direction, the skeleton wall, the retaining wall, and the like can be easily constructed and constructed. That is, the natural stone itself to be constructed and used is a wall plate member 5 which is formed in a thin plate shape having an appropriate thickness in advance, and the wall plate members 5 are arranged easily, quickly and beautifully between the support pillars 1 arranged upright at predetermined intervals. In addition to being able to be constructed and installed as a highly variable one, the construction time can be shortened by enabling simultaneous construction of the inner and outer wall surfaces, and the cushioning material A installed on the outer surface of the foundation concrete B in the soil can reduce the earth pressure and other factors. Support pillar material 1 buried inside
The protection of the base part of the base can be further improved.

According to the method of the present invention, a large number of support columns 1 are erected and arranged at a construction site, and are inserted into slide support grooves 2 formed on the side surfaces of the support columns 1 opposed to each other, and are slid. This is because the plate-like wall plate members 5 are stacked and constructed between the column members 1, and a large number of support columns in the construction material body, which are erected and arranged at the construction site and have the slide support grooves 2 formed on the side surfaces. This is because it is provided with a wall 1 and a wall plate 5 that is stacked by being fitted into the slide support groove 2 between the support pillars 1, thereby providing quick and simple construction and reducing work. It is possible to achieve simplicity, shortened construction period, good appearance, and the like.

A large number of support columns 1 are erected and arranged at predetermined intervals along the construction direction at the place to be constructed, and a slide support groove 2 is provided between these support columns 1 on their opposing side surfaces. Is formed, the slide support groove 2
By simply inserting the side edge of the wall plate 5 from above and sliding it in alignment with the upper open end of the wall plate 5, the wall plate 5 can be easily and quickly moved.
Can be built up between the support pillars 1 in an appropriate number of stages. At this time, the wall plate material 5 itself is formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness, so that it is reduced in weight so that it is easy to handle and can be easily constructed even by a low-powered worker. It is also possible to provide a beautifully structured frame wall, retaining wall, etc. utilizing the decorative property of the surface.

Further, since the cap stone 10 is placed on the upper surface of the wall plate 5 and the upper surface of the support pillar 1, respectively, after being constructed as a retaining wall or the like, the appearance as a whole is rich in decorativeness and decorativeness. Further, the wall plate member 5, the supporting column member 1 and the like can be pressed and fixed by their own weight.

The buried portion below the support column 1 is fixed by the base concrete B having the cushioning material A made of a foamed synthetic resin material abutted on the outer surface, so that the buried portion is firmly supported in an upright state. In addition, since the cushioning material A itself is incompressible, it can sufficiently support the earth pressure, and reduces the buffering of the direct earth pressure and the like on the foundation concrete B generated at the buried portion to form a strong solid foundation. You can.

Further, since the inner width of the slide support groove 2 is made larger than the thickness of the side edge of the wall plate member 5, the wall plate member 5 itself is constructed inside the slide support groove 2 as viewed from a plane. By arranging it inclining either inside or outside of the direction, it is possible to construct a curved skeleton wall or retaining wall as a whole, and after building by eccentrically arranging it on either the inside edge side in the inside or outside direction to be built Irregularities can be formed on the surface of the wall plate material 5 on the upper and lower sides or on the sides to impart various variability as a whole, and errors caused in the construction due to the irregularities can be made inconspicuous.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment in which a retaining wall according to the present invention is used, with a part thereof omitted.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view partially omitted.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the third embodiment.

FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C are cross-sectional views of a support pillar.

FIG. 8 is an exploded cross-sectional view of another example of the supporting column member.

9A is a diagram illustrating a case where a wall plate material is arranged obliquely with respect to a construction direction when viewed from a plane, and FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating a case where a wall plate material is eccentrically arranged either inside or outside the construction direction. It is sectional drawing of a part.

FIGS. 10A, 10B, and 10C are partial perspective views of a configuration example of a retaining wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: cushioning material B: base concrete S: crushed crushed stone 1: supporting column material 1: core 1B: side portion 2: sliding support groove 5: wall plate material 6: gap setting member 10: cap stone material

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI E02D 29/02 306 E02D 29/02 306

Claims (8)

[Claims] At a place to be constructed, a large number of support pillars are erected at predetermined intervals with a lower part buried in a construction direction, and are vertically arranged on the side faces of the support pillars facing each other. The side wall is inserted into the slide support groove formed along the direction and slid, and a suitable number of predetermined thickness plate-like wall plate members are stacked between the support pillar members to construct a skeleton wall. How to build a retaining wall. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of placing a head stone on the upper surface of the wall plate and an upper surface of the supporting column. 3. Construction of a skeleton wall / retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buried portion below the supporting column material is fixed by a foundation concrete in which a cushioning material made of a foamed synthetic resin material is abutted and arranged on the outer surface. Method. 4. The inner width of the slide support groove is made larger than the thickness of the side edge portion of the wall plate material, and the wall plate material is inclined in the slide support groove when viewed from a plane, or the inside of the slide support groove is inclined. The method for constructing a skeleton wall / retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall plate member is displaced and arranged on one of the inner edge surfaces. 5. A large number of support pillars which are erected at predetermined intervals along a construction direction by being buried in a lower part at a construction location, and have slide support grooves formed on a side surface in a vertical direction; Construction of a skeleton wall / retaining wall, comprising: a predetermined number of wall-shaped plate members having a predetermined thickness, which are stacked by fitting a side edge portion into a slide support groove between support column members. Construction material body used for. 6. The construction material body according to claim 5, wherein the construction material body is provided with a hessian stone material placed on the upper surface of the wall plate material and the upper surface of the support pillar material, respectively. Building material body. 7. In the soil at the construction site, there is provided a foundation concrete for fixing a lower portion of the supporting column member, and a cushioning material made of a foamed synthetic resin material abutting and disposed on the outer surface of the foundation concrete. A construction material used for constructing a skeleton wall / retaining wall according to claim 5 or 6. 8. The construction of a skeleton wall / retaining wall according to claim 5, wherein the inner width of the slide support groove is larger than the thickness of the side edge of the wall plate material. Building material body.