JPH11150968A - Phase splitting capacitor permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a phase splitting capacitor permanent magnet synchronous motor which prevents a rotor from being pulled into a speed of synchronous rotation when it is brought close to the speed of synchronous rotation and which prevents a shock when it is jumped instantaneously into the speed of synchronous rotation by a method wherein a plurality of winding groups which are wound on a stator so as to constitute a main winding are connected in parallel. SOLUTION: A main winding 1 is formed in such a way that a first winding group 2 and a second winding group 3 which are composed of one winding or of a plurality of windings are connected in parallel. Electric power is supplied to a stator in which the main winding 1, an auxiliary winding 4 and a capacitor 5 are connected to a single-phase power supply 6, and a rotor is turned. A detection means detects that the speed of rotation of the rotor is pulled into a speed of synchronous rotation. Then, the respective windings 2, 3 for main winding 1 are changed over to their series connection from their parallel connection by a main winding changeover mechanism. Thereby, the amount of a current flowing inside main winding 1 is reduced, and the efficiency of a motor is enhanced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor driven by a single-phase power supply.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a partial side sectional view illustrating a structure of a conventional capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor. FIG. 16 shows the speed of a conventional capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor.
It is a torque characteristic diagram. FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of a conventional single-phase induction motor. FIG. 18 is a front view of a stator in which a main winding and an auxiliary winding are wound around a 16-slot stator core. FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram when the stator winding of FIG. 18 is configured to have four poles.

In FIG. 15, a conventional capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor 20 (hereinafter simply referred to as an electric motor) is shown.
Is a stator 23 in which a winding 22 is wound around a stator core 21.
And the permanent magnet 2 housed in the inner peripheral portion of the stator 23.
4, a rotor 27 comprising a cage rotor 25 and a shaft 26, and a rotatable rotor 27,
Bearings 28a, 28 attached to both ends of the shaft 26
b, and a motor frame 29 that houses the stator 23 and the bearings 28 a and 28 b and protects the electric motor 20.

[0004] The stator 23 is driven by a single-phase power supply and has two-phase windings of a main winding and an auxiliary winding.
A so-called stator for a single-phase induction motor is used.

[0005] Referring to FIGS.
, The rotor 27 starts rotating.
The torque at the start of the motor 20 is generated based on the operating principle of the single-phase induction motor.

When the rotation speed approaches the synchronous speed corresponding to the number of poles of the permanent magnet 24, a torque (synchronous pull-in torque) is generated between the permanent magnet 24 and the stator 23, and the rotor 27
Is rotated by being pulled into the synchronous rotation speed.

When the torque increases, for example, when the load increases, the rotor 27 deviates from the synchronous speed at a certain torque point (synchronous escape torque), that is, loses synchronization, and rotates again due to electromagnetic induction. I do.

In FIG. 17, a winding 22 wound on a stator core 21 is provided at a point where the main winding 1 and the main winding 1 are advanced by 90 ° to 120 ° in electrical angle with respect to the main winding 1. And an auxiliary winding 4. The auxiliary winding 4 and the capacitor 5 are connected in series, and this and the main winding 1 are connected in parallel.

In FIG. 18, a stator core 21 includes a cylindrical back yoke 30 and a back yoke 3.
And 16 teeth 31 extending from the inner peripheral side of 0 toward the axis center.

The teeth 31 and 16 slots 3 formed by the teeth 31 adjacent to the teeth 31
2, a main winding 1 and an auxiliary winding 4 are housed. That is, the main winding 1 composed of the four windings 1a to 1d formed by being wound in a ring shape is connected to the four slots 3
2 and distributed winding. The auxiliary winding 4 composed of four windings 4a to 4d wound in a ring shape is shifted from the main winding 1 by a slot 32 shifted by 45 ° in mechanical angle to four slots 32. Is distributed and wound.

In FIGS. 18 and 19, terminals A to H and terminals J to H of windings 1a to 1d, 4a to 4d constituting main winding 1 and auxiliary winding 4 housed in stator core 21 are shown.
By connecting N, P to R as described later, the stator 2
3, three poles are formed. The windings 1a to 1d and 4a of the main winding 1 and the auxiliary winding 4 formed in a ring shape.
4d are slots 32 wound in the same circumferential direction.
The main winding 1 is formed by connecting the terminals C and E, the terminals D and F, and the terminals G and A, respectively. The auxiliary winding 4 is formed by connecting the terminals L and N, the terminals M and P, and the terminals Q and J, respectively. Terminal B of main winding 1 is connected to one end of single-phase power supply 6 and one end of capacitor 5. The terminal H of the main winding 1 is connected to the other end of the single-phase power supply 6 and the terminal R of the auxiliary winding 4. The terminal K of the auxiliary winding 4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor 5.

By connecting as described above, the stator 23
Is a 4-pole specification. The permanent magnet 24 is also magnetized in four poles.

[0013]

As described above, in the conventional capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor, when the synchronous speed approaches, the rotor is pulled down to the synchronous speed. At this time, an instantaneous jump to the synchronous rotation speed caused an impact. In addition, since the synchronization pull-in torque is small, it can be practically used only for applications with a small load torque such as a record player.

Also, since the single-phase induction motor originally has a small starting torque and an accelerating torque, it takes a long time to reach the synchronous speed from the start.

[0015]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electric motor, wherein a plurality of winding groups wound around a stator and constituting a main winding are connected in parallel.

Alternatively, detecting means for detecting pull-in or loss of synchronization, and a main winding capable of switching the connection of a winding group constituting the main winding from parallel connection to series connection or from series connection to parallel connection. A switching mechanism, and at the time of start-up, the connection of the main windings is connected in parallel, and when the synchronous pull-in is detected by the detection means, the connection of the main windings is changed from parallel connection to series by the main winding switching mechanism. An electric motor characterized by switching to connection.

Alternatively, when the detection means detects the loss of synchronization, the main winding switching mechanism switches the connection of the main winding from a serial connection to a parallel connection.

Alternatively, when the main winding is switched to the serial connection after the synchronization pull-in, one end of the auxiliary winding wound on the stator is connected to an arbitrary part of the main winding connected in series. An electric motor, wherein the electric motor is connected to a connection portion between the electric motors.

Alternatively, when the main winding is switched to the serial connection after the synchronization pull-in, one end of the auxiliary winding wound on the stator is connected to one of the main windings connected in series. An electric motor connected to one end.

Alternatively, an electric motor, wherein a plurality of winding groups wound around a stator and constituting an auxiliary winding are connected in parallel.

Alternatively, the detecting means comprises an auxiliary winding switching mechanism capable of switching the connection of the windings constituting the auxiliary winding from parallel connection to series connection or from series connection to parallel connection. When the synchronous pull-in is detected, the connection of the auxiliary winding is switched from parallel connection to series connection by the auxiliary winding switching mechanism.

Alternatively, when the detection means detects a loss of synchronization, the auxiliary winding switching mechanism switches from serial connection to parallel connection.

Alternatively, the number of poles of the main winding and the auxiliary winding is changed to that of the permanent magnet by switching the connection between the detection means and the windings constituting the main winding and the auxiliary winding from parallel connection to series connection, respectively. Make the number of poles equal to the number of poles, and switch the connection of the main winding and auxiliary winding from series connection to parallel connection respectively, so that the number of poles of the main winding and auxiliary winding is smaller than the number of poles of the permanent magnet A switching mechanism, and at the time of startup, the main winding and the auxiliary winding are connected in parallel, and when the detection means detects synchronization pull-in,
An electric motor, wherein the main winding and the auxiliary winding are switched to a series connection by the switching mechanism.

Alternatively, there is provided an electric motor characterized in that when the out-of-synchronization is detected by the detecting means, the switching mechanism switches the main winding and the auxiliary winding to parallel connection.

[0025]

The starting torque and the acceleration torque are increased by connecting the main winding or the auxiliary winding in parallel.

Further, when the rotation speed of the rotor reaches the vicinity of the synchronous rotation speed, the main winding switching mechanism switches the main windings from parallel connection to series connection, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor.

When the main winding is switched from the parallel connection to the series connection, one end of the auxiliary winding is connected between any of the main windings connected in series, so that the voltage applied to the auxiliary winding is changed. And the amount of current flowing through the auxiliary winding decreases.

At the stage until the synchronous rotation speed is reached, the main winding and the auxiliary winding are connected in parallel and connected so that the number of poles is smaller than the number of poles of the permanent magnet, thereby increasing the synchronous rotation speed. I do. When the synchronous rotation speed corresponding to the number of poles of the permanent magnet is reached, the main winding and the auxiliary winding are also switched to series connection, and connected so that the number of poles is equal to the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet. And the impact at the time of synchronization pull-in is reduced.

[0029]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram when the winding groups of the main windings of the capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention are connected in parallel. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram when a four-pole specification winding connection is made to the stator core of 16 slots in the circuit of FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram when the winding groups of the auxiliary windings of the capacitor-phased permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention are connected in parallel. FIG. 4 shows a 16-slot stator core with FIG.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram when a four-pole specification winding connection is made in the circuit of FIG. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram when the winding groups of the main windings of the capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention are connected in series. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of the main winding switching mechanism according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram when the winding groups of the auxiliary windings of the capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to the present invention are connected in series. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of the auxiliary winding switching mechanism according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram when the auxiliary winding is connected between the winding groups of the main winding. FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram when a four-pole specification winding connection is applied to the stator core of 16 slots in the circuit of FIG. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram when the winding groups of the main winding and the auxiliary winding of the capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention are connected in parallel. FIG.
FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram when a two-pole specification winding connection is made to the stator core of 16 slots in the circuit of FIG. 11. FIG.
It is a circuit diagram when the winding group of the main winding and the auxiliary winding of the capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor in this invention is connected in series. FIG. 14 shows that the circuit is 2 near the synchronous rotation speed of 4 poles.
FIG. 5 is a speed-torque characteristic diagram of a capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor having a configuration in which the number of poles is changed to four.

In FIG. 1, a main winding 1 is formed by connecting a first winding group 2 and a second winding group 3 each comprising one or a plurality of windings in parallel. Using the main windings 1 connected in parallel in this way, a circuit is configured as shown in FIG.

By connecting the main windings 1 in parallel, the voltage applied to each of the winding groups 2 and 3 of the main windings 1 can be increased, and the starting torque and the acceleration torque can be increased.

For example, the terminals A to H of the windings 1a to 1d forming the main winding 1 and the windings 4a to 4d forming the auxiliary winding 4 are wound around the stator core 21 in FIG. Terminals J to N and P to R are connected as shown in FIG.
Three poles are formed on 3.

The main winding 1 includes a first winding group 2 in which windings 1a and 1b are connected in series, and a second winding group 3 in which windings 1c and 1d are connected in series. Are connected in series. The auxiliary winding 4 has four windings 4a to 4d.
Are sequentially connected in series.

That is, the terminals of the main winding 1 are formed by connecting the terminals C and E and the terminals G and A, respectively. On the other hand, the terminal of the auxiliary winding 4 has the same connection as the connection of the winding terminal of the auxiliary winding 4 in FIG. Terminals B and F of main winding 1 are connected to one end of single-phase power supply 6 and one end of capacitor 5. Terminals D and H of the main winding 1 are connected to the other end of the single-phase power supply 6 and a terminal R of the auxiliary winding 4. And the auxiliary winding 4
Is connected to the other end of the capacitor 5.

In FIG. 3, the auxiliary winding 4 is formed by connecting a first winding group 8 and a second winding group 9 in parallel. Using the auxiliary windings 4 connected in parallel in this way, a circuit is configured as shown in FIG.

By connecting the auxiliary windings 4 in parallel, an effect similar to that of the circuit diagram in which the main windings 1 shown in FIG. 1 are connected in parallel can be obtained. That is, the voltage applied to each of the winding groups 8 and 9 of the auxiliary winding 4 can be increased, and the starting torque and the acceleration torque can be increased.

For example, the terminals A to H of the windings 1a to 1d forming the main winding 1 and the windings 4a to 4d forming the auxiliary winding 4 are wound around the stator core 21 in FIG. Terminals J to N and P to R are connected as shown in FIG.
Three poles are formed on 3.

The auxiliary winding 4 connects the windings 4a and 4b and the windings 4c and 4d in series, respectively, and connects the two winding groups connected in series in parallel. The main winding 1 connects four windings 1a to 1d in series.

That is, the terminals of the auxiliary winding 4 are formed by connecting the terminals L and N and the terminals Q and J, respectively. On the other hand, the terminal of the main winding 1 has the same connection as the connection of the main winding in FIG. Terminal B of main winding 1 is connected to one end of single-phase power supply 6 and one end of capacitor 5. The terminal H of the main winding 1 is connected to the other end of the single-phase power supply 6 and the terminals M and R of the auxiliary winding 4. Then, the terminal K and the terminal P of the auxiliary winding 4
Is connected to the other end of the capacitor 5.

As a detecting means for detecting whether the rotation speed of the electric motor has reached the synchronization rotation speed or has deviated from the synchronization rotation speed, for example, the magnetism of a permanent magnet is detected by a magnetic detector such as a Hall element. A speed detector for detecting the number of rotations of the rotor is provided, and a main winding switching mechanism for switching connection of terminals of each winding group of the main winding is provided.

The main winding 1 formed by connecting the winding groups 2 and 3 shown in FIG. 1 in parallel, the auxiliary winding 4 and the capacitor 5 are fixed to a single-phase power supply 6. The power is supplied to the rotor to rotate the rotor, and the detection means detects that the rotation speed of the rotor has been pulled into the synchronous rotation speed by the detection means, and then, by the main winding switching mechanism, As shown in FIG. 5, the respective winding groups 2, 3 of the main winding 1 are switched from parallel connection to series connection. Thereby, the amount of current flowing in the main winding 1 can be reduced, and the efficiency of the electric motor can be improved.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, one terminal of the first winding group 2 forming the main winding 1 is connected to one terminal of the single-phase power supply 6 and one terminal of the capacitor 5. ing. The other terminal of the first winding group 2 is connected to one terminal of the second winding group 3 via a switch 10, the other terminal of the single-phase power supply 6, and one terminal of the auxiliary winding 4. Is connected to the terminal. The other terminal of the second winding group 3 is connected via a three-terminal switch 11 to one terminal of the single-phase power supply 6,
Alternatively, it is connected to the other terminal of the first winding group 2. The switches 10 and 11 constitute a main winding switching mechanism. The connection of the auxiliary winding 4 is similar to the connection of the windings of the auxiliary winding in FIG.

By configuring the circuit of the motor as described above, the switch 10 is closed and the switch 11 is closed to the single-phase power supply 6 at the time of start-up or loss of synchronization. Can be connected in parallel. Also, at the time of synchronization pull-in, the switch 10 is opened,
By closing the switch 11 to the other terminal side of the first winding group 2, the circuit configuration of the main winding 1 can be connected in series.

Similarly, on the auxiliary winding 4 side, the auxiliary winding 4 in which the respective winding groups 8 and 9 shown in FIG.
As shown by, by switching to series connection, the amount of current flowing in the auxiliary winding 4 can be reduced, and the efficiency of the motor can be improved.

That is, as shown in FIG.
Is connected to one terminal of the capacitor 5. This first winding group 8
The other terminal is connected to one terminal of the single-phase power supply 6, one terminal of the second winding group 9, and one terminal of the main winding 1 via the switch 12. Second winding group 9
Of the other terminal via a three-terminal switch 13,
The other end of the first winding group, or capacitor 5
Connected to one of the terminals. The connection of the main winding 1 is similar to the connection of the windings of the main winding in FIG.

By configuring the electric motor as described above, the switch 12 is closed and the switch 13 is closed on the capacitor 5 side at the time of starting and at the time of synchronization loss, so that the circuit configuration of the auxiliary winding 4 is connected in parallel. be able to. Also, at the time of synchronization pull-in, the switch 12 is opened and the switch 13 is closed to one terminal side of the first winding group 8, so that the circuit configuration of the auxiliary winding 4 can be connected in series.

The circuit configuration of the electric motor shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, when switching the main winding 1 from the parallel connection to the series connection, one terminal of the auxiliary winding 4 is connected between the winding groups 2 and 3 of the main winding 1 so that the auxiliary winding 4 is connected. The voltage applied to the winding 4 is reduced, and the amount of current flowing through the auxiliary winding 4 is reduced. Therefore, the efficiency of the electric motor can be improved.

That is, as shown in FIG.
Is formed by connecting terminal C and terminal E and terminal G and terminal A, respectively. The terminal B of the main winding 1 is
One end of the single-phase power supply 6 and one end of the capacitor 5 are connected. The terminal H of the main winding 1 is connected to the other end of the single-phase power supply 6. The terminal K of the auxiliary winding 4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor 5. The terminal R is located between any terminals of the main winding 1. For example, it connects to the point of terminal DF.

Also, as shown in FIG.
The winding groups 2 and 3 of the main winding 1 and the winding groups 8 and 9 of the auxiliary winding 4 are connected in parallel, and as shown in FIG. The winding 4 may also be switched to series connection.

That is, as shown in FIG. 11, when the winding groups 2, 3 of the main winding 1 and the winding groups 8, 9 of the auxiliary winding 4 are connected in parallel, the winding groups 2, 3, 8, Nine windings 1a-
The terminals 1d, 4a to 4d are connected as described later to make the winding connection a two-pole specification. The permanent magnet is magnetized in four poles. Then, when the synchronous rotation by the permanent magnet is started, as shown in FIG.
3, and the respective winding groups 8 and 9 of the auxiliary winding 4 are switched to a series connection so as to have a 4-pole specification. The connection of each winding at this time is
The winding connection is as shown in FIG.

That is, at the time of startup, since the motor is rotating as a single-phase induction motor, the synchronous rotation speed becomes higher than that in the case of the 4-pole specification by setting the stator to the 2-pole specification. That is, when rotating as a two-pole single-phase induction motor, 4
The synchronous rotation speed at the extreme is a passing point. Therefore, cogging when the synchronous rotation by the four-pole magnetized permanent magnet is started can be reduced.

When using the two-pole specification, as shown in FIG. 12, the terminals of the main winding 1 are formed by connecting terminals C and E and terminals G and A, respectively. The main winding 1
Terminals B and H are connected to one end of the single-phase power supply 6 and one end of the capacitor 5. Terminals F and D of the main winding 1 are connected to the other end of the single-phase power supply 6 and terminals K and R of the auxiliary winding 4. The terminals of the auxiliary winding 4 are formed by connecting the terminals L and N and the terminals Q and S, respectively. The terminals M and P of the auxiliary winding 4 are
It is connected to the other end of the capacitor 5. By configuring the motor circuit as described above, the stator has a two-pole specification.

The number of windings forming the winding group and the number of winding groups may be increased or decreased by the number of slots, the number of poles, etc. of the stator core for accommodating the windings in addition to the above-mentioned number. Needless to say.

[0054]

According to the present invention, it is possible to quickly reach the synchronous speed from the start of the motor.

Further, it is possible to suppress cogging that occurs when pulling in the synchronous rotation speed.

[0056]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram when a winding group of main windings of a capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention is connected in parallel.

FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of FIG.
The circuit diagram when the winding connection of the pole specification is performed.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram when a winding group of auxiliary windings of a capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to the present invention is connected in parallel.

FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of FIG.
The circuit diagram when the winding connection of the pole specification is performed.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram when the winding groups of the main windings of the capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention are connected in series.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of a main winding switching mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram when a winding group of auxiliary windings of the capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention is connected in series.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of an auxiliary winding switching mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram when an auxiliary winding is connected between winding groups of a main winding.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram when a four-pole specification winding connection is applied to a 16-slot stator core in the circuit of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram in which a winding group of a main winding and an auxiliary winding of a capacitor-phased permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention is connected in series.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram when a two-pole specification winding connection is applied to a 16-slot stator core in the circuit of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram when a winding group of a main winding and an auxiliary winding of a capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention is connected in parallel.

FIG. 14 is a speed-torque characteristic diagram of a capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor having a configuration in which a circuit is switched from two poles to four poles near a four-pole synchronous rotation speed.

FIG. 15 is a partial sectional side view illustrating the structure of a conventional capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor.

FIG. 16 is a speed-torque characteristic diagram of a conventional capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor.

FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of a conventional single-phase induction motor.

FIG. 18 is a front view of a stator in which a main winding and an auxiliary winding are wound around a 16-slot stator core;

FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram when the stator windings of FIG. 18 are configured with four poles.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 main winding 2, 8 first winding group 3, 9 second winding group 4 auxiliary winding 5 capacitor 6 single-phase power supply 10, 11, 12, 13 switch 20 capacitor Phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor 21 ... stator core 22 ... winding 23 ... stator 24 ... permanent magnet 25 ... cage rotor 26 ... shaft 27 ... rotors 28a, 28b ... bearings 29 ... motor frame 30 ... back yoke 31 ... Teeth 32 ... Slots

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by a single-phase power supply, wherein a plurality of winding groups wound around a stator and constituting a main winding are connected in parallel. Capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor. 2. A detecting means for detecting pull-in or loss of synchronization, and a main winding capable of switching a connection of a winding group constituting a main winding from parallel connection to series connection or from series connection to parallel connection. A switching mechanism, at the time of start-up, the connection of the main windings is connected in parallel, and when the detecting means detects the pull-in, the main winding switching mechanism changes the connection of the main windings from the parallel connection to the series connection. 2. The connection is switched to a connection.
A capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor as described. 3. The capacitor according to claim 2, wherein when the detection means detects an out-of-synchronization, the connection of the main winding is switched from series connection to parallel connection by the main winding switching mechanism. Phase permanent magnet type synchronous motor. 4. When the main winding is switched to series connection after the synchronization pull-in, one end of the auxiliary winding wound on the stator is connected to an arbitrary one of the series-connected main windings. The capacitor-phased permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the synchronous motor is connected to a connection between the two. 5. When the main winding is switched to series connection after synchronization pull-in, one end of the auxiliary winding wound on the stator is connected to one of the main windings connected in series. 4. The synchronous motor as claimed in claim 2, wherein said motor is connected to one end. 6. A capacitor-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by a single-phase power supply, wherein a plurality of winding groups wound around a stator and constituting an auxiliary winding are connected in parallel. Capacitor phase-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor. 7. The detecting means, comprising: an auxiliary winding switching mechanism capable of switching a connection of windings constituting an auxiliary winding from a parallel connection to a serial connection or from a serial connection to a parallel connection. 7. The capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 6, wherein when the synchronization pull-in is detected, the connection of the auxiliary winding is switched from parallel connection to series connection by the auxiliary winding switching mechanism. 8. The capacitor-separated permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 7, wherein when the detection means detects a loss of synchronization, the auxiliary winding switching mechanism switches from serial connection to parallel connection. 9. The connection between said detecting means and the windings constituting the main winding and the auxiliary winding is switched from parallel connection to series connection, whereby the number of poles of the main winding and the auxiliary winding is changed to that of the permanent magnet. The same number of poles as the number of poles,
A switching mechanism that switches the number of poles of the main winding and the auxiliary winding to a number smaller than the number of permanent magnets by switching the connection of the main winding and the auxiliary winding from series connection to parallel connection, respectively. Sometimes, the main winding and the auxiliary winding are connected in parallel, and when the detecting means detects the pull-in, the switching mechanism switches the main winding and the auxiliary winding to series connection. Phase-separated permanent magnet synchronous motor. 10. The capacitor-separated permanent magnet type as claimed in claim 9, wherein when the detection means detects the loss of synchronization, the switching mechanism switches the main winding and the auxiliary winding to parallel connection. Synchronous motor.